Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) transistor amplifier package includes a submount, and first and second leads extending from a first side of the submount. The first and second leads are configured to provide RF signal connections to one or more transistor dies on a surface of the submount. At least one rivet is attached to the surface of the submount between the first and second leads on the first side. One or more corners of the first side of the submount may be free of rivets. Related devices and associated RF leads and non-RF leads are also discussed.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring RF voltage from a quadrupole in a mass spectrometer are provided. The apparatus comprises at least one rectifying diode circuit for rectifying the RF voltage of the quadrupole to produce a rectified RF voltage. The apparatus further comprises at least one operational amplifier configured as a current to voltage converter, a negative input of the at least one operational amplifier connected to the output of at least one diode in the at least one rectifying diode circuit, a positive input of the at least one operational amplifier at ground, and an output of the at least one operational amplifier in a feedback loop with the negative input, to reduce reverse leakage current from the at least one diode.

Abstract: An apparatus for coding a signal by means of amplitude shift keying comprises a class E amplifier including a switching transistor, to whose gate is supplied a voltage having an operating frequency for operating the class E amplifier. For achieving an amplitude shift keying in the output signal of the class E amplifier, a circuit for switching the operating frequency of the voltage supplied to the gate of the switching transistor, or the resonance frequency of the class E amplifier, between a first value and a second value is provided and in order to switch a deviation degree between the operating frequency and the resonance frequency between a first value and a second value.

Abstract: A method of operating a micro-electromechanical system, comprising a resonator; an actuation electrode; and a first detection electrode, to filter and mix a plurality of signals. The method comprises applying a first alternating voltage signal to the actuation electrode, wherein an actuation force is generated having a frequency bandwidth that is greater than and includes a resonant bandwidth of a mechanical frequency response of the resonator, and wherein a displacement of the resonator is produced which is filtered by the mechanical frequency response and varies a value of an electrical characteristic of the first detection electrode. The method also comprises applying a second alternating voltage signal to the first detection electrode, wherein the second voltage signal is mixed with the varying value to produce a first alternating current signal. The first alternating current signal is detected at the first detection electrode.

Abstract: A feed-forward amplifier having a signal cancellation loop including a cancellation node that includes a gain controller and a phase controller. Each controller provides a discrete tap steering signal and modulates the corresponding tap steering signal with a discrete tracer signal that takes on a preselected sequence of values. The sequence chosen so that the tracer signal is mutually orthogonal to each other tracer signal over a preselected period. A gain and phase adjuster connected to the outputs of the controllers provides a controlled gain change and phase shift in the signal cancellation loop, the magnitude of the gain change and phase shift controlled by the corresponding tap steering signals presented to the gain and phase adjuster by the controllers. A detector, the input of which is connected to the cancellation node and the output of which is connected to the controllers, outputs a measure of the envelope of the signal at the cancellation node.

Abstract: The RF/microwave switch/modulator uses an optically controlled diode 20. The reactance of the diode may be varied by varying the illumination intensity. In this fashion, the photodiode in conjunction with an external circuit can switch or modulate a microwave signal by varying the reactance of the diode using a laser light source or the like. The bias voltage may be varied to electronically tune the diode so that the microwave frequency of operation can be electronically controlled.

Abstract: The SSB modulator according to the present invention is comprised of a driving voltage generator, a diode, a bias supply circuit, an impedance transformation circuit and an input/output terminal. The SSB modulator is arranged such that the impedance of the diode is changed by changing the driving voltage impressed across the diode, resulting in the mismatching of the impedance, which leads to generation of a reflected wave. Therefore, by changing the amplitude and the phase of the above-obtained reflected wave, SSB modulation is effected. Accordingly, the SSB modulator of the present invention, requiring no particular side band filter, is compact in size, light in weight and low in manufacturing cost, with a simple structure of the circuit.