Abstract: A fluid-tight coupling device for microwave radiation of high energy incls a tubular dielectric window which is sealingly connected to one end of a waveguide supplying the microwave radiation and forms a continuation of the waveguide. The other end of the tube forming the window is tightly sealed by an essentially conical reflector. The tube forming the window is surrounded on the outside by a cup-shaped waveguide portion. The reflecting surface of the reflector and the reflecting inner surface of the cup-shaped waveguide portion are formed such that the microwave radiation emerging from the waveguide is reflected through the tubular window into the cup-shaped waveguide portion and from the latter to the open end of the waveguide portion in such a manner that an input mode of type TE.sub.mn is transformed into itself or a well-defined adjacent mode TE.sub.m'n', further secondary modes are minimized and at the same time return waves are also minimized.

Abstract: A cooled waveguide assembly includes a plurality of extruded waveguides connected to each other via their respective flanged portion. Each waveguide has an outer profile corresponding to the outer dimensions of the flange portion which is created by suitably fabricating the end sections of each waveguide. The flange portion is provided with a plurality of boreholes which are in alignment with pockets to allow fasteners to be inserted therein so as to connect adjoining waveguides. Integrated in the wall of each waveguide are cooling channels which are arranged in such a manner that they do not intersect with the boreholes. The cooling channels and the interior of the waveguides are sealed at the respective joints by a profiled sealing element.

Abstract: An arrangement for coupling waveguide modes between two waveguides via a semiconductor element. The two waveguides each have a short-circuiting end wall and a common side wall constituting a common partition wall between the waveguides so that the two waveguides extend parallel to, and overlap one another at least over a partial length where they are separated from one another by the common side wall. The common partition wall is provided with a coupling aperture and the semiconductor element is inserted into the coupling aperture between the two waveguides and is in ground contact with the common partition wall. The semiconductor element has two connectng arms, one connecting arm extending as a coupling probe into one of the waveguides and the other connecting arm extending as a coupling probe into the other waveguide.

Abstract: A structure for extra-high-frequency circuit modules, to take advantage of the low losses and convenience of assembly of waveguides, and at the same time to take advantage of the ease of tuning of microstrip lines. Each module is adapted to be conveniently connectable to others in a cascade arrangement, and each presents a waveguide interface to adjacent modules. If a module is to contain an active device, such as an amplifier, the module incorporates a microstrip section and two transition sections to couple the microstrip section to the waveguides at input and output. The microstrip section is easily tunable and is easier to couple to the active device.

Abstract: A polarized receiving apparatus in which there is provided a first waveguide for transmitting polarized signals and a second waveguide secured to the first for receiving polarized signals at one end thereof. An antenna means is provided having integrally formed portions including a receiver probe portion disposed in the second waveguide and extending generally axially of the second waveguide for receiving one polarization of the incident signal, a launch probe portion concentric with the axis of the first waveguide and extending generally axially of the first waveguide for launching said signal therein, and a drive portion intermediate the receiver and launch probe portions with said drive portions including a first gear. A drive source is supported in a housing member which defines the first waveguide and this drive source comprises at least a second gear adapted to mesh with the first gear for driving the antenna means.

Abstract: A compact adaptor is provided for making transition from ridged waveguide to rectangular waveguide while simultaneously imparting spatial reorientation of associated electric and magnetic fields. The adaptor is especially useful for feeding a phased array of radiating slots (or other structures) where adjacent radiating structures are preferably spaced from one another on the order of a half wavelength and fed with the magnetic field vectors oriented parallel to such inter-element array spacing dimensions. In the exemplary embodiment, a transition from double-ridged waveguide to rectangular waveguide is effected through an electrically short (e.g., 1/8th to 1/4th wavelength) non-resonant cavity using oppositely tapered continuations of the ridged waveguide walls (acting as a TEM parallel transmission line) to opposing walls of a rectangular waveguide port which is spatially oriented transverse to the ridged waveguide.

Abstract: A radio frequency circuit for ICRF heating includes a resonant push-pull circuit, a double ridged rectangular waveguide, and a coupling transition which joins the waveguide to the resonant circuit. The resonant circuit includes two cylindrical conductors mounted side by side and two power vacuum tubes attached to respective ends of a cylindrical conductor. A conductive yoke is located at the other end of the cylindrical conductors to short circuit the two cylindrical conductors. The coupling transition includes two relatively flat rectangular conductors extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of a respective cylindrical conductor to which the flat conductor is attached intermediate the ends thereof. Conductive side covers and end covers are also provided for forming pockets in the waveguide into which the flat conductors extend when the waveguide is attached to a shielding enclosure surrounding the resonant circuit.

Abstract: A waveguide joint with flanges bonded to a waveguide section. Each flange is divided into two pieces with internal knurling and corner projections to bite into the external waveguide corners. The flange pieces are pressed on while the bonding adhesive is cured.

Abstract: A microwave power head or modular heat applicating unit comprising a resonator, a waveguide, a source of microwave energy and a water load device. The constituent units or modular components of the power head are arranged in a sandwich like manner to form a readily repairable/replaceable microwave heat applicating device.

Abstract: A polarized receiving apparatus in which there is provided a first waveguide for transmitting polarized signals and a second waveguide secured to the first for receiving polarized signals at one end thereof. An antenna means is provided having integrally formed portions including a receiver probe portion disposed in the second waveguide and extending generally axially of the second waveguide for receiving one polarization of the incident signal, a launch probe portion concentric with the axis of the first waveguide and extending generally axially of the first waveguide for launching said signal therein, and a drive portion intermediate the receiver and launch probe portions with said drive portion including a first gear. A drive source is supported in a housing member which defines the first waveguide and this drive source comprises at least a second gear adapted to mesh with the first gear for driving the antenna means.

Abstract: A device for providing a low VSWR match at a bend between two straight circular waveguides has an odd number of at least three circular waveguide sections of approximately equal length along their axes mitered at both of their ends, the length chosen to be an odd multiple of a quarter guide wavelength at the desired operating frequency, and the waveguide sections being mitered so that the device is symmetrical about the bisecting plane of the bend. The ratios of the angles between the adjacent waveguide sections around the bend are approximately binomial coefficients in order to obtain a maximally flat passband.

Abstract: The air gap in the joints between millimeter wavelength, dielectric waveguide circuit components is filled with a slurry made from an inorganic dielectric, such as barium titanate; and an organic binder, such as cellulose nitrate. The proportions of the dielectric and binder are taken so as to have a composite dielectric constant the same as that of the components being joined. This removes breaks or discontinuities and in turn reduces the insertion loss at the joints.

Abstract: A microwave window assembly has a ceramic window (12) with a thickness of more than 10 mm, corresponding to a half wavelength of the microwave energy. The window (12) has a metallized side surface and is connected by means of a soldered joint to a frame (11). The frame (11) is constructed in two parts (11A, 11B) which are soldered to respective edge parts (10A, 10B) of the side surface of the window, while the side surface between the two parts (11A, 11B) of the frame is covered with a layer (13) electrically connecting the two frame parts (11A, 11B).

Abstract: A low cost arrangement for a millimeter wave solid state diode oscillator, hich obviates precise machining and uses a dielectric transmission line associated with a resonant cavity. Coupling and impedance matching are greatly facilitated by a conductive stripe structure on the end of the dielectric transmission line, extending into the resonant cavity of the solid state oscillator. Fine tuning is provided by a mechanical slide screw. Two layers of shielding surrounding the resonant cavity are provided by a convenient package suitable for various applications of the millimeter wave oscillator wherein leakage radiation is not permitted.

Abstract: A rotatable polarized signal receiver in a system for receiving linearly polarized electromagnetic signals includes a signal conductor having a receiver probe portion, oriented in a circular waveguide parallel to the polarization of the incident signal, and signal launch probe portion extending into the rectangular waveguide orthogonal to the direction of signal transmission therein, mounted concentrically in an insulator rod through perpendicular coupling of the circular and rectangular waveguides.

Abstract: An improved system is described for cooling high power waveguides by the use of cooling ducts extending along the waveguide, which minimizes hot spots at the flanges where waveguide sections are connected together. The cooling duct (24) extends along substantially the full length of the waveguide section, and each flange (18, 20) at the end of the section has a through hole (36) with an inner end connected to the duct and an opposite end that can be aligned with a flange hole in another waveguide section. Each flange (20) is formed with a drainage groove (60) in its face, between the through hole (36) and the waveguide conduit (16) to prevent leakage of cooling fluid into the waveguide. The ducts have narrowed sections (32, 34) immediately adjacent to the flanges to provide room for the installation of fasteners closely around the waveguide channel.

Abstract: In the illustrated embodiments a dual branching is coupled to two simple branchings via coupling elements which are rotationally symmetrical so as to accommodate different spacial dispositions of the two simple branchings while maintaining electrically completely symmetrical passageways and consequent phase synchronism therein. When the dual branching is connected with an antenna for directional or satellite broadcasting operations, the sending and receiving frequencies, with respective polarizations at the respective simple branchings, may be separated with the use of a bandpass arrangement and 3-dB directional couplers for the respective separated frequencies.

Abstract: Rectangular waveguides adapted for combination as cross-guide couplers are disclosed. Each waveguide includes opposing sidewalls, a coupling wall and flanges extending from the sidewalls. Each flange has a contact surface in parallel with the coupling wall and is positioned relative to the coupling wall so that the contact surface thereof contacts the coupling wall of the waveguide with which it is combined to form the cross-guide coupler. The coupling wall of one of the waveguides in each coupler includes a coupling aperture. The coupling wall of the other waveguide includes an opening sufficiently larger than the coupling aperture to leave a substantial margin therebetween.

Abstract: For conducting very high microwave power at very high frequencies, circular waveguide transmitting a circular-electric-field mode is used. The vacuum-tight window of an electron tube is often the element with lowest power-handling capability. The inventive window has two dielectric plates with a space between them. There is a gap in the waveguide inner wall through which a dielectric fluid is circulated between the plates to cool them. The gap leads to a region containing wave-absorbing material such as water to absorb modes other than the circular-electric-field mode.

Abstract: The waveguide assembly is constructed of interlocked sections of hollow rectangular waveguide which are abutted end to end. In a preferred version the abutted ends of the sections may be interlocked by grooving or dove-tailing the sections along the broad walls of the waveguide in a manner insuring alignment of the broad walls. One of the mated sections has locating tabs extending from its narrow walls. The tabs overlap the narrow walls of the adjacent interlocked section and maintain the narrow walls in alignment by preventing slippage along the dove-tail joint. The dove-tail joint is initially constructed in an open configuration and after annealing, the joint is closed by application of pressure thereto. Either one or both broad wall joints may be closed, and when only one is closed then the opposite joint is initially constructed in a closed position.

Abstract: A compensating arrangement for two aligned, angularly relatively offset, end-to-end positioned wave guides of identical cross section. The compensating arrangement has a plate member inserted between face-to-face arranged terminal flanges of the two wave guides. The plate member has an aperture corresponding to the cross-sectional area of the passage defined together by the two wave guides; and two oppositely located capacitive loads extending into the aperture and being symmetrically located with respect to the bisector of the angle defined by the minor transverse axes of the wave guides. The capacitive loads are reactance members for a broad-band compensation for the discontinuity between the angularly offset wave guides.

Abstract: The expansion joint includes a first component and a second component which have the same inside dimensions as the wave guide and are free to move longitudinally with respect to each other, the first component having exclusively a wave guide structure, the second component including a trap positioned at least partially between said components and outside the first component, the electric length of said trap being equal to half the wavelength of the central frequency transmitted by the wave guide, said components being separated longitudinally at the trap by a distance which varies when the length of the wave guide varies. The trap can be folded to reduce its bulk.Application to long wave guides.

Abstract: A buried reed, extra-short pulse width pulser is an extra fast rise and fall time short pulse width pulser with very high voltage output. A typical pulser may have a 10 picosecond rise and fall time, a 500 picosecond flat top time, and up to a 1000 volt output. The output impedance of the pulser is normally 50 ohms. A reed switch provides switching between a center conductor of a charged line and an output line to provide the output pulses. The reed switch is buried within the pulser forming an integral part of the center conductors.

Abstract: A method and device enabling simplified connection of two circular wave guides and reduction of the manufacturing price. The method consists of expanding the outer steel casings so as to form flanges on the end of sleeves having a larger diameter than the remainder of the casing. The inner guides are connected together by hoops and possibly a clamp ring. The flanges are then welded together. Application to electromagnetic wave guides.

Abstract: Machineable microwave waveguide apparatus and method for constructing same. Waveguide functions as an interconnecting waveguide channel between two parallel microwave ports which have an axial offset. The waveguide is comprised of two complimentary halves with C-shaped cross-section, the two halves fitting together to form a single unit. The fit-together unit is capped, and can be sealed for pressure-tight applications.