Abstract: Several strips of resistive material are deposited on a top surface of a dielectric substrate having an opposite bottom surface substantially covered by a conducting material. A strip of conducting material is also deposited on the top substrate surface in electrical contact with the strips of resistive material. At least one of the strips of resistive material is electrically connected to the conducting material on the bottom substrate surface.

Abstract: A complex RF weighter provides an RF output signal controlled in amplitude and phase with respect to an input signal. The input signal is applied to a quadrature hybrid that is terminated with two PIN diodes, one of which is one-eighth wavelength farther from the hybrid than the other. Independent control of the bias on the PIN diodes provides control of the relative amplitude and phase of the output signal.

Abstract: A magnetostatic wave device having a microstrip transmission line in conjunction with a YIG thin film biased for magnetostatic wave operation at a level where relatively lower power input microwave signals are highly attenuated up to a critical point past which the relative attenuation is greatly reduced. Such devices may be utilized as signal-to-noise enhancers in microwave circuits such as frequency memory loops.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns an HF attenuator for a hollow waveguide or a coaxial conductor. A rod of dissipative ceramic material is disposed along the length of the attenuator, so that moving along the length of the attenuator, the ceramic material increasingly defines or replaces at least one wall of the hollow waveguide or at least one of the two opposite sides of the coaxial conductor. A coolant passage may be provided along the rods of ceramic material. The ceramic material may take other forms, such as leaves and annular rings. In another embodiment for use in a waveguide, at least one wall of the longitudinal opening through the waveguide is defined by ceramic leaves, whose extent of projection into the opening is varied for HF attenuation.

Abstract: A high-precision signal attenuator for insertion into a coaxial line, or the like, includes a dielectric substrate upon which are provided, by vacuum deposition, painting, or the like, an input electrode, an output electrode, and two shunt electrodes. The input and output electrodes are positioned on the substrate for coupling to the center conductor of the line and the shunt electrodes are positioned along opposite edges of the substrate for coupling to the outer conductor of the line. The outer conductor is illustratively maintained at ground while the center conductor carries the signal to be attenuated. A distributed resistive film element is positioned on the substrate surface among the four electrodes. The distributed film element comprises a center portion, which is illustratively rectangular or square. Four resistive legs branch from the center portion to the input electrode, the output electrode, and the two shunt electrodes.

Abstract: A fixed attenuator for microwave band comprising of a dielectric substrate, with a resistance film and a conductor film attached on said substrate so as to form an attenuation circuit. The substrate further comprises of at least one hole provided through the dielectric substrate. The attenuator is mounted on a metallic board or a printed circuit board by a screw inserted in said hole. Thus, the cooling effect of the resistance film has been improved while keeping the low manufacturing cost and stable structure, by fixing the dielectric substrate on a metallic board by screws inserted in the mentioned holes.

Abstract: A microwave attenuator consists of a plurality of variable attenuation PIN diodes connected in a serial path. At least one of the diodes forms part of a feed-back loop so that the attenuation level it provides can be adjusted to correspond with a reference signal. The effective level of the reference signal is modified in accordance with correction factors, by means of which non-linearities in the performance of the remaining diodes can be compensated.

Abstract: An RF connector has an overrated fuse located therein which is electrically connected in series with the center conductor. An overrated fuse is utilized because a fuse rated to give the desired protection is undesirable due to the resistance caused by its small diameter. To obtain the desired protection with the overrated fuse, current shunting means, such as diodes, are mounted within the RF connector and are electrically connected between the outer and inner conductors. The current shunting means are positioned within the RF connector to present minimum inductance to the RF circuit. The operation of the fused RF connector is such that when the power applied to the connector exceeds a predetermined amount, the current shunting means conduct the excess current to ground to provide protection to the associated equipment until the input power is sufficient to blow the overrated fuse.

Abstract: Coaxial microwave attenuator for use at high power, which is independent of the frequency being transmitted. The attenuator comprises a series of conical absorption members assembled to obtain the desired attenuation.

Abstract: An electrical signal transmission line connector having a switch-selectable termination resistor within the connector body. Use of the connector at the output of a signal acquisition probe allows it to be used with electrical instruments, such as oscilloscopes, having different input impedances.

Abstract: A microwave attenuator including inner and outer conductors defining a transmission path, and attenuator means extending between the inner and outer conductors and including specifically configured resistive means extending transversely of and electrically connected between the inner and outer conductors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a detent mechanism for a rotatable body to bias the body in any of a multiplicity of predetermined angular positions. The body has a projecting element of polygon shape, extending from its rear end. The element defines a cavity in it. A projection extends inwardly from the wall of the cavity. The projection cooperates with a stop to limit the angular rotation of the body. The device is designed to permit different polygons to be used so that the number of angular positions at which the body stops may be changed. The detent mechanism is shown in conjunction with a microwave drum attenuator since it is desirable, in such an attenuator to reduce undesirable forces on the drum attenuator.

Abstract: An attenuator element, for high frequency electrical signals, at a characteristic impedance such as 50 ohms. One or more distributed resistance regions are interposed between an input and an output and are coupled to a ground pad. The impedance of the distributed resistance portion or portions is higher than the desired 50 ohms and additional input and output resistances, nondistributed, are interposed between the input pad and the ground pad and between the output pad and the ground pad to bring the effective impedance at the input and output to the desired characteristic impedance level. Utilizing the nondistributed resistances at input and output increases the power capability of the attenuator element and also results in a larger size for the distributed resistance region or regions, providing less critical tolerances for producing the distributed resistance regions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a card-type attenuator having a flat insertion loss from DC to 2 GHz or higher. A rectangular card has two ground conductors extending along its longitudinal side edges and an inner conductor extending along a first face of the card midway between said ground conductors. The outer conductor comprises two main parts: First, a metal trough into which the card is placed with the two ground conductors, and secondly, an inverted U-shaped metallic spring which has its free ends pressing against the ground conductors respectively to hold them firmly in the trough. The inner conductor is accurately positioned a distance from the bottom of the trough which is small compared to the distance that the U-shaped spring is above the inner conductor. Hence, most of the electromagnetic field exists between the inner conductor and the bottom of the trough. Accordingly, the exact size and shape of the U-shaped spring is not critical.

Abstract: A broad-band variable microwave attenuator wherein outer and inner conductive members define a microwave transmission line, the inner conductive member being interrupted to provide a pair of inner conductor member ends on opposite sides of the interruption, a resistive member extending from the outer conductive member toward the space between the inner conductive member ends, and connector means extending from each inner conductive member end to the resistive member to afford attenuating series and shunt paths.

Abstract: A constant impedance, constant phase PIN diode attenuator uses PIN diodes in a double pi configuration. A control voltage is applied simultaneously thereto thus attaining 40 dB attenuation without substantially varying phase and amplitude characteristics.

Abstract: This invention concerns a signal attenuator which can be used between an antenna and a television receiver or VHF/UHF radio, so as to appropriately attenuate VHF or UHF signals applied thereto. The signal attenuator comprises, in a shielding metal enclosure, an insulator substrate having an input electrode, an output electrode and a pair of ground electrodes, the electrodes being arranged symmetrical to each other with respect to a point on the substrate. The electrodes are arranged to define narrow gaps between the ground electrodes and the input and output electrodes. A set of flat shaped resistors is directly connected between the electrodes in symmetrical relationship with respect to the point on the substrate.

Abstract: A probe type high voltage attenuator for a pulse measuring system to provide an overall rise time of less than 50 picoseconds with a peak voltage capability of 20 kV. Attenuator perturbations at the 50 ohm impedance level are minimized by providing a high resistance in series with a lossy distributed transmission line. The reflection waves from the attenuator are absorbed by this lossy distributed transmission line minimizing perturbation of the source being measured. The attenuator is of a shielded type to minimize interference from extraneous fields.This invention is directed to an attenuator for use in the measurement of point voltage sources in electric circuits and in particular to an attenuator which produces minimum loading on high voltage sources in the measurement of fast rise time pulses.

Abstract: A coaxial impedance matching device employing film resistors in place of conventional rod and disc resistors. In a preferred embodiment, an elongated rectangular film resistor is deposited across the middle of a square insulation substrate with a pair of metal strips along opposite edges of the substrate and contacting the ends of the film resistor. Center metalized contacts are made to opposite sides of the film resistor, the lengths of contact with the sides being determined by the impedances of the cables to be connected thereto.

Abstract: This device essentially comprises a resistive element connected between two conductor elements one of which is attached to one of the two walls between which the waves requiring attenuation appear, and the other of which is located opposite the other wall, constituting a capacitor in relation thereto; such devices are disposed in regions of high frequency tubes such as magnetrons or tetrodes devoided of useful waves.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solid state signal controller designed to be inserted in a radio frequency transmission line or path between a source and a signal utilization device to allow the control by external means of signal amplitude ratio and polarity, with a minimum of distortion of the signal. This invention has a dynamic range of more than 100 db and is capable of greater power handling capacity than the prior art signal controllers. It employs a plurality of semiconductor diodes, commonly known as PIN diodes, each cooperating with an energy coupler and having their respective impedances controlled to effect a reflection of energy with either positive or negative polarity toward an output terminal.In one embodiment employing a single channel, a pair of control elements are employed. In the second embodiment, four impedance elements are employed to produce a pair of quadrature signals, each independently controllable in amplitude and polarity.

Abstract: A microwave attenuator structure including an attenuator card having disposed thereon a pair of resistive elements electrically connected in series by an inductive element for compensating for an otherwise occurring decline in the value of the attenuator at high frequencies, and a method of constructing the subject attenuator.

Abstract: A printed rf circuit switchable step attenuator for frequencies in the Gigahertz range employs PIN diodes for switching a pi network in and out of a transmission line. The A.C. grounded terminations of the pi network are constructed through the use of low impedance, open end stubs, eliminating the need for plated over-edge ground connections. D.C. bias potential for controlling the switching diodes is coupled to the rf portion of the circuit by means including high impedance grounded stub conductors connected to the transmission line. To achieve broadband operation the admittance of the stub conductors is tuned out by configuring the transmission line as a series of differing line length and impedance sections which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the point of intersection between the grounded stub conductors and the line.

Abstract: A broadband microwave attenuator is formed by connecting a plurality of PIN diodes in a modified Tee network. Four semiconductor chips of PIN diode material are arranged in a flat layer sandwiched between conductors to form a strip-line configuration of a TEM transmission line, whereby the diodes are part of the line. This strip-line construction is used with outer diodes connected in series circuit relation between input and output terminals, and inner diodes in shunt relation to ground to form the Tee network. The diodes are constructed as silicon chips and are mounted in very close relation with a substantially uniform conductive strip forming the series-circuit connection between the central diodes.

Abstract: A rotary step attenuator having a housing and a rotor rotatably mounted in the housing. An array of attenuator elements is mounted on the rotor, appearing in an end view as chords of a circle whose center is at the axis of rotation of the rotor. Each attenuator element has a first surface bearing an electrically conductive pad facing the axis of rotation of the rotor, and additionally there is a blade contact member having a first surface facing away from the axis of rotation mounted in a fixed position relative to the housing and operable to touch a selected one of the conductive pads as the rotor is rotated within the housing. There are no spring biased signal contacts other than the blade contact member itself for effecting electrical coupling between the attenuator elements and the electrical connections to the rotary step attenuator.

Abstract: The device in accordance with the invention comprises a conductor ring disposed coaxially to the two electrodes in such a fashion that the parasitic waves develop surface currents there, n absorptive elements distributed around said ring being provided in order to attenuate said surface currents; this device is applicable in particular to magnetrons or to tetrodes with cylindrical electrodes.

Abstract: A coaxial attenuator, for attenuating baseband picosecond pulses with Fourier components in the high microwave frequency range and for calibrating pulse measuring instruments, is disclosed. A fast pulse, propagating along the attenuator, is split into two waves at a transition plane formed by an intermediate tubular conductor and an outer conductor. The purpose of the transitional plane is, in addition to splitting the incoming wave, to attenuate the wave. One of the attenuated waves propagates along the inside of the conductor of the intermediate section to a pulse measuring instrument for viewing. The other attenuated wave is delayed before propagating along the same intermediate conductor to be viewed on said viewing device. The known time lag between the two wavefronts is used for time calibrating pulse measuring instruments.

Abstract: A continuously variable high frequency resistance attenuator is described in which the attenuation is first order independent of frequency. The wave translating media into and out of the attenuator provide a constant characteristic impedance. The attenuator consists of a length of series resistance and a plurality of parallel shunt resistors, which are of adjustable value and extend between the length of series resistance and ground or extend between the length of series resistance and open circuit.

Abstract: A continuously variable resistance attenuator is described in which the signal conductor of a distortionless lossy transmission line is employed as an attenuation resistance uniformly distributed along such line, and the connection of an output contact is moved along such signal conductor to change the attenuator setting. The transmission line has a plurality of separate shunt resistors of equal value extending between the signal conductor and the ground conductor of the line and uniformly distributed along the line to provide a lossy line of uniform characteristic impedance. The input end of such lossy line is connected to a non-lossy line of the same characteristic impedance, and its other end is terminated in a termination resistor equal to such characteristic impedance.