Abstract: A switch includes: a first stationary contact having a first stationary contact point; a second stationary contact having a second stationary contact point; a movable contact having a first movable contact, and a second movable contact point; a first magnet pair defined by magnets having surfaces facing each other, the magnets of the first magnet pair being disposed with the first stationary contact point and the first movable contact point therebetween in such a manner that the magnets of the first magnet pair become farther from each other outwardly; and a second magnet pair defined by magnets having surfaces facing each other, the magnets of the second magnet pair being disposed with the second stationary contact point and the second movable contact point therebetween in such a manner that the magnets of the second magnet pair become farther from each other outwardly.

Abstract: A switching assembly is for an electrical switching apparatus of a switching system. The electrical switching apparatus includes a base. The switching system has a communication device. The switching assembly includes a number of contact assemblies coupled to the base, each of the contact assemblies having a stationary contact and a movable contact structured to move between a CLOSED position corresponding to engagement with the stationary contact, and an OPEN position corresponding to disengagement with the stationary contact; and a transfer assembly including an element and only one single actuator coupled to the element, the element being structured to be coupled to the base, the single actuator comprising a controller for receiving a signal from the communication device. The single actuator is structured to move the movable contact of each of the number of contact assemblies between the CLOSED position and the OPEN position.

Abstract: The electromagnetic relay includes a contact unit, an electromagnet, an armature unit, and a base. The contact unit includes a fixed contact and a movable spring including a movable contact. The armature unit is movable in accordance with excitation of the electromagnet to allow the movable contact to move between a closed position in contact with the fixed contact and an open position away from the fixed contact. The base holds the contact unit and the electromagnet on a certain surface side. The movable contact is placed between the base and the fixed contact in an arrangement direction in which the base and the electromagnet are arranged. The armature unit includes a press part which causes movement of the movable contact by applying a pressing force to a certain surface facing the fixed contact, of the movable spring.

Abstract: A switching assembly is for an electrical switching apparatus of a switching system. The electrical switching apparatus includes a base. The switching system has a communication device. The switching assembly includes a number of contact assemblies coupled to the base, each of the contact assemblies having a stationary contact and a movable contact structured to move between a CLOSED position corresponding to engagement with the stationary contact, and an OPEN position corresponding to disengagement with the stationary contact; and a transfer assembly including an element and only one single actuator coupled to the element, the element being structured to be coupled to the base, the single actuator comprising a controller for receiving a signal from the communication device. The single actuator is structured to move the movable contact of each of the number of contact assemblies between the CLOSED position and the OPEN position.

Abstract: A switching assembly is for an electrical switching apparatus of a switching system. The electrical switching apparatus includes a base. The switching system has a communication device. The switching assembly includes a number of contact assemblies coupled to the base, each of the contact assemblies having a stationary contact and a movable contact structured to move between a CLOSED position corresponding to engagement with the stationary contact, and an OPEN position corresponding to disengagement with the stationary contact; and a transfer assembly including an element and only one single actuator coupled to the element, the element being structured to be coupled to the base, the single actuator comprising a controller for receiving a signal from the communication device. The single actuator is structured to move the movable contact of each of the number of contact assemblies between the CLOSED position and the OPEN position.

Abstract: A polar relay is provided including: an insulation housing, an armature assembly, and a coil assembly. The armature assembly is pivotably mounted within the insulation housing. The armature assembly is rotatable between a first position and a second position, with one end of the iron core in contact with one armature of the pair of armatures while the other end of the iron core is spaced apart from and thus out of contact with the pair of armatures by corresponding gaps therebetween. The gaps are provided without providing a magnetic isolation plate between or applying an isolation layer onto contact layers of the armature and the iron core. The armature assembly is rotatable around a vertical pivot axis, avoiding changing a position of the pivot point during the movement of the iron core, stabilizing the action of the armature assembly, and ensuring the continuity of the action of the product.

Abstract: A latch relay includes a frame, a bobbin installed in the frame and having a coil wound therearound, first and second yokes provided as magnetic bodies, a rotary mover rotating in a clockwise direction or in a counterclockwise direction between head portions of the first and second yokes, first and second fixed contactors installed to be spaced apart from one another and parallel to each other within the frame, a movable contactor having one end connected to the second fixed contactor, a transmission lever having one end coupled to one side of the rotary mover to make a vertical movement, a support member fixedly installed on one side of the transmission lever, and an elastic member providing contact force such that the movable contactor is brought into contact with the first fixed contactor or separated from the first fixed contactor, while moving according to a movement of the transmission lever.

Abstract: A contactor mounting system is disclosed herein. The contactor is directly mounted to the printed wire board. Pins may be coupled to an exposed end portion of the first stationary lead and the second stationary lead of the contactor. Pins may be configured to interconnect the contactor to the printed wire board.

Abstract: An electromechanical microswitch, comprising first and second electromagnets mounted in spaced-apart orientation to one another where each electromagnetic has a field center located a first distance above the mounting surface. A permanent magnet is positioned between the electromagnets and includes a magnetic field center that is higher above the mounting surface than that of the electromagnets so that the permanent magnet is magnetically biased toward the mounting surface. A stripline switch element is mountable between the permanent magnet and mounting surface, and biased against circuit structures on the mounting surface, whereby the stripline switch element moves between first and second activated positions under influence of the electromagnets.

Abstract: Position sensors and methods having a coil, a magnetic target movable into greater and lesser proximity to the coil responsive to the position to be sensed, and circuitry responsive to an inductance of the coil to provided a measure of the proximity of the magnetic target to the coil. Various embodiments are disclosed, including embodiments having improved sensitivity and shielding from stray fields and for shielding from magnetic fields generated by the coil excitation.

Abstract: A rotary magnet switch includes a housing defining a cavity for a rotary magnet having a first section rotatable with respect to a second section. A first registration secures the first magnet section to the housing. An actuator extends from a side wall of the housing. The actuator is secured to the second magnet section and is configured to rotate the second magnetic section with respect to the housing and the first magnet section to switch the magnet on and off.

Abstract: A device and method for operating automotive battery system relays and related switches. By creating a dual bipolar magnetic field adjacent the contactor portion of a switching mechanism in the relay, the magnetic field used to promote arc extinguishing is shifted, which in turn reduces the Lorentz force that forms as a byproduct of the field. Such a configuration has the potential for simultaneously maintaining arc-extinguishing capability and improving short-circuit withstanding capability while reducing the tendency of the Lorentz forces to interfere with the operation of a solenoid or other switch-activating mechanisms. Such devices and methods may be used in conjunction with hybrid-powered and electric-powered vehicles.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay assembly comprises a rotatable electromagnetic coil assembly, first and second pairs of opposed permanent magnets, and a switch assembly. The coil assembly comprises a coil, a core, and a rotatable coil housing. The coil is wound around the core. The core comprises opposed core termini, and the coil housing has an axis of rotation orthogonal to the coil axis. The magnet pairs fixedly positioned adjacent the core termini such that the core termini are respectively displacable intermediate the magnet pairs. The coil operates to create a magnetic field directable through the core for imparting coil housing rotation about the axis of rotation via attraction to the positioned/anchored magnets. The core termini displace linkage arms, and the linkage arms actuate contact-spring assemblies of the switch assembly intermediate open and closed positions.

Abstract: A device and method for operating automotive battery system relays and related switches. By aligning a magnetic field with a direction of current flow in a contact plate disposed between magnets that are producing the field, a generated Lorentz force can be used to promote arc extinguishing during a relay opening sequence, while simultaneously reducing the tendency of the Lorentz forces to interfere with the operation of a solenoid or other switch-activating mechanisms. By using a rotary-based mechanism to establish contact between a contact plate and current-carrying terminals, the likelihood of inadvertent opening of the relay is reduced. Such devices and methods may be used in conjunction with hybrid-powered and electric-powered vehicles.

Abstract: A device and method for operating automotive battery system relays and related switches. By aligning a magnetic field with a direction of current flow in a contact plate disposed between magnets that are producing the field, a generated Lorentz force can be used to promote arc extinguishing during a relay opening sequence, while simultaneously reducing the tendency of the Lorentz forces to interfere with the operation of a solenoid or other switch-activating mechanisms. By using a rotary-based mechanism to establish contact between a contact plate and current-carrying terminals, the likelihood of inadvertent opening of the relay is reduced. Such devices and methods may be used in conjunction with hybrid-powered and electric-powered vehicles.

Abstract: A fault interrupter and load break switch includes a trip assembly configured to automatically open a transformer circuit electrically coupled to stationary contacts of the switch upon the occurrence of a fault condition. The fault condition causes a Curie metal element electrically coupled to at least one of the stationary contacts to release a magnetic latch. The release causes a trip rotor of the trip assembly to rotate a rotor assembly. This rotation causes ends of a movable contact of the rotor assembly to electrically disengage the stationary contacts, thereby opening the circuit. The switch also includes a handle for manually opening and closing the electrical circuit in fault and non-fault conditions. Actuation of the handle coupled to the rotor assembly via a spring-loaded rotor causes the movable contact ends to selectively engage or disengage the stationary contacts.

Abstract: A fault interrupter and load break switch includes a trip assembly configured to automatically open a transformer circuit electrically coupled to stationary contacts of the switch upon the occurrence of a fault condition. The fault condition causes a Curie metal element electrically coupled to at least one of the stationary contacts to release a magnetic latch. The release causes a trip rotor of the trip assembly to rotate a rotor assembly. This rotation causes ends of a movable contact of the rotor assembly to electrically disengage the stationary contacts, thereby opening the circuit. The switch also includes a handle for manually opening and closing the electrical circuit in fault and non-fault conditions. Actuation of the handle coupled to the rotor assembly via a spring-loaded rotor causes the movable contact ends to selectively engage or disengage the stationary contacts.

Abstract: In a seesaw type electromagnetic relay comprising an armature carrying out a seesaw motion by excitation of an electromagnet, and a movable spring which carries out the seesaw motion in synchronism with the seesaw motion of the armature and which comprises a par of spring sections, at least one of the spring sections forks into two branches to form a pair of spring pieces one of which is bent downward. A pair of movable contacts is mounted at both free end parts of the movable spring on a bottom surface of the movable spring. One of the movable contacts is mounted at the free end part in the spring pieces on bottom surfaces thereof to form a pair of movable contact elements acting as a twin movable contact. A pair of fixed contacts faces the pair of movable contacts.

Abstract: An electromagnetic hinged-armature relay comprises a contact spring (2) which is arranged on and attached to an armature (1). The contact spring serves as a switching contact spring and has a bounce dampener which is in the form of a swing element (3) made as one piece with the contact spring which greatly reduces bounces of contacts and contact wear resulting therefrom.

Abstract: A terminal housing mounting structure adapted for use with an electromagnetic switch includes a terminal housing mounted to a switch cover, and a terminal bolt that passes through the terminal housing and the switch cover. The terminal housing has an alignment groove that receives a lug plate in a predetermined orientation. A cylindrical end portion of the switch cover and a cylindrical end portion of the terminal housing are provided with engagable sawteeth equally spaced apart from one another so that the terminal housing is angularly displaceable and releaseably engagable with respect to the switch cover in a plurality of angular increments.

Abstract: An assembly which can be used as a rotor in an electromagnetic actuator for a camera shutter. The assembly generally includes at least two pieces of magnetic material each having a north and south pole, a drive arm, means for magnetically holding the magnetic material in a fixed position relative to the drive arm and means for rotating the assembly within the electromagnetic actuator. In one embodiment of the invention, the magnetic material comprises a first magnet and a second magnet. Preferably, the first magnet and the second magnet are rectangularly shaped.

Abstract: A relay for wideband signals is provided having a rotor which includes a permanent magnet structure, an armature, and a microstrip pattern for selectively engaging microstrip patterns on a substrate and having a stator which includes an electromagnet. To minimize wear, while maintaining high frequency performance, the rotor is raised, rotated, and lowered by a stator or electromagnet onto the new position relative to the substrate microstrip pattern. In a first stable state the electromagnet is inactive and the rotor engages the substrate microstrip pattern in a first position. To place the relay in a second stable state, the electromagnet is energized which simultaneously attracts the armature, raising the rotor, as well as repulsing the permanent magnet structure. The rotor then rotates to the desired second position and the electromagnet is inactivated. The rotor then lowers and engages the substrate microstrip pattern in a second position.

Abstract: A bistable solenoid switch has a plunger and associated movable contact adapted for controlled reciprocation by a coil and bobbin assembly to either of two stable states not requiring sustained energization of the coil. The movable contact is biased toward one of the stable states, for example, "Contacts Closed" in which a pair of stationary contacts are engged by the movable contact. The bobbin is provided with one or more radial projections extending into its core for serving a detenting function with respect to a land formed on an end face of the plunger. When the bobbin projection is engaged by the plunger land, it is prevented from displacing the movable contact into engagement with the stationary contact, and the second, or "Contacts Open", state exists. Means are also provided for translating axial displacement of the plunger into angular displacement for moving it into and out of the detented engagement with the bobbin projection.

Abstract: A rotary actuator has a casing; a rotor rotatably provided in the casing; an exciting coil mounted on the rotor; a magnetic pole member provided in the casing which surrounds the rotor; first, second and third contact elements mounted on the rotor and electrically coupled to opposite end terminals and an intermediate terminal of the coil respectively; first and second stops provided in the casing and cooperating with the rotor to restrict the rotation thereof over a predetermined angular range; fourth, fifth and sixth contact elements mounted on the casing to cooperate respectively with the first, second and third contact elements such that the sixth contact element permanently contacts the third contact element, that the fourth contact element contacts the first contact element except when the rotor engages and is adjacent to the first stop and that the fifth contact element contacts the second contact element except when the rotor engages and is adjacent to the second stop; and a switch for applying electri

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay has a casing of electrically insulative material which is divided by an insulating partition into a coil space for receiving an electromagnet and a switching space for receiving a contact assembly. An armature is magnetically coupled to the electromagnet and is operatively connected to the contact assembly for switching contact operation thereof in response to energization of the electromagnet. The partition extends along the entire length of the electromagnet without leaving any communication path between the coil space and the switching space, such that the electromagnet in the coil space can be insulatively separated from the contact assembly in the switching space within the length of the electromagnet.

Abstract: A safety electromagnetic relay includes two pairs of contact sets, each pair including a load-driving contact set and a control contact set, and each contact set including a fixed contact and a movable contact spring. The two load-driving contact sets are normally-open contacts and may be connected in series and included in an external load circuit which requires safe interruption. The contact springs of each of the first and second pairs are ganged by a coupling member which is movable independently of a relay armature. The ganged pairs of contact springs are actuated by the armature in such a manner that when one of the load-driving contact sets should become welded in the closed condition, the other load-driving contact set will still open when the armature moves to the inoperative position, but the control contact set associated with the welded load-driving contact set is prevented from returning to its condition corresponding to the inoperative position of the armature.

Abstract: An armature/contact system wherein the armature rotates about a given axis, and a contactor is mounted thereon for movement therewith. The contactor is so formed as to have a resilient member having a contact surface which is within a plane which includes the axis of rotation of the armature. A stationary contact is provided for engagement by such contactor, such stationary contact having an arcuate contact surface. Limit-stop means is provided for defining the position of the contactor surface within a plane which intersects the axis of the armature whenever the contactor surface and stationary contact surface are out of engagement with each other.

Abstract: The rotating armature relay exhibits one or two ferromagnetic bars which are provided with an insulating covering in their central area. Contact springs are secured in the insulation covering, the contacting, free ends of said contact springs respectively interacting with cooperating contact elements anchored in a base body. As a result, a slide-free and, thus, low-friction actuation derives as, however, does relatively high friction at the contact locations, whereby contact impacts are suppressed and foreign layers are abraded from the contact surfaces.

Abstract: A rotary actuator for a microwave switch, including, a stationary armature formed by a core positioned along a particular axis and with a coil wound around the core to form at least one electromagnet and with the polarity at the end of the core in accordance with the direction of current flow through the coil upon the application of electrical energy to the coil, a rotor positioned adjacent to one end of the core and with the rotor supported for rotation in a plane perpendicular to the particular axis of the core, the rotor including a plurality of spaced permanent magnets located axially relative to the one end of the core and with the application of electrical energy to the coil providing axial excitation to produce magnetic interaction between the permanent magnets and the core and provide rotary travel of the rotor in one of two opposite directions in accordance with the direction of current flow through the coil, and a stop located in the path of rotation of the rotor to engage a portion of the rotor to

Abstract: An actuator for selectively actuating a circular array of electric switches. The actuator includes a molded plastic rotor part that contains particles of magnetic material. One portion of the rotor is magnetized to provide a permanent magnet that is effective to attract a switch actuating arm that is pivoted to the rotor. Another tubular portion of the rotor is magnetized to provide the rotor of an electric stepper motor. The stepper motor rotates the rotor to various positions. The arm can be attracted by an electromagnet and pivoted to a position in which it operates one of the circular array of switches.

Abstract: A polarized electromagnetic relay has two L-shaped yokes with a permanent magnet disposed therebetween. Each yoke has a long leg and a short leg with a coil wound around the long legs of the yokes. The long leg of a similarly L-shaped armature is also disposed between the long legs of the yokes and the armature is pivotally mounted at its short leg so that the free end of the long leg of the armature executes switching movements between the short yoke legs and forms a rectangle in combination with the yoke arrangement. The armature may be mounted centrally or single-sided with respect to the yoke legs for monostable or bistable switching behavior of the relay. The compact arrangement of the yokes and armature permits a number of contact elements to be disposed beneath the coil at both sides of the long armature leg, with the armature causing movement of spaced spring contact elements for making and breaking with corresponding fixed contact elements.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay which is formed with two distinct and separate compartments, one of which houses the electromagnetic motor and the other of which contains the electroresponsive armature as well as stationery and moveable contacts. Such separate compartments and their components therewithin can be manufactured separately to be subsequently joined together to make the completed relay, with any one of the electromagnetic motors being joined with any one of the armature/contact operating structures. The relay comprises permanent magnet means to increase motor efficiency and which can provide a latching function. Unique stationery contact structures are provided for receiving the motion from the moveable contact as afforded by the armature.

Abstract: In an electromagnetic relay, an armature block serving to actuate contact springs includes a pair of armatures and a permanent magnet disposed therebetween to magnetize the armatures to opposite polarities. Pole ends of a yoke carrying the excitation flux created by the relay coil extend between free ends of the armatures. The armature block is suspended by means of a resilient arm integrally formed with the block at one side thereof and having its outer end fixed to a bearing portion, so that a rocking motion of the armature block is achieved by a flexing motion of the resilient arm.

Abstract: A contact spring arrangement for an electromagnetic relay includes a contact spring forming at least one movable contact for cooperation with a fixed contact, and an actuator which embraces the contact spring and has a first portion for moving the movable contact towards the fixed contact, thereby closing the contact couple, and a second portion for withdrawing the movable contact from the fixed contact, thereby opening the contact couple. The actuator is so shaped that the distance between the location at which the first actuator portion engages the contact spring and the contacting location of the contact couple is greater than the distance between the location at which the second actuator portion engages the contact spring and the said contacting location.

Abstract: A high silicon steel strip having excellent magnetic properties and good workability, and having a composition consisting of 4-10% by weight of silicon and the remainder being substantially iron and incidental impurities is produced by cooling super rapidly the high silicon steel melt on a cooling substrate to form a thin strip having micro-structure comprising very fine crystal grains having substantially no ordered lattice.

Abstract: An electromagnetic relay is disclosed comprising within its coil bobbin a magnetic core, the ends of which extend substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the bobbin so as to form pole shoes projecting from the coil bobbin and having mutually aligned pole faces and further comprising an armature which is disposed externally of the coil bobbin between the pole shoes of the magnet core and which is pivotally mounted for rotation about one of its centroid axes, said one axis extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the bobbin. Contact terminals are disposed on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the coil and are positively located by embedment in a contact carrier, the coil bobbin and the contact carrier extending substantially over the entire length of the coil bobbin and being provided with engaging means for the mutual positioning and retaining of the contact carrier and coil bobbin.

Abstract: A structural arrangement is provided for an electromagnetic relay having an armature, coil means, contact means including contact terminals and fixed contacts, and a coil holder body having the armature located therein and being composed of two substantially exactly interfitting and interconnected parts. One part of the coil holder body is formed as a contact holder with the contact terminals and the fixed contacts embedded therein. The other of the two parts of the coil holder body is formed as a cover member configured to at least partly define a contact containing chamber for the relay structure. Alternatively, the two parts of the coil holder body may be formed to essentially consist of two identically constructed contact holders.