Abstract: An electrical heating element for an electrical heating device is provided, wherein the electrical heating element is made from a coiled resistive wire with flat ribbon geometry and one or two connector assemblies, wherein the resistive wire with flat ribbon geometry is coiled into coils with an inner diameter, an outer diameter, and a distance between adjacent coils such that the flat side of the resistive wire with flat ribbon geometry runs parallel to the coil axis, and wherein the connector assemblies have at least one connection element that is in surface-area contact with a section of the resistive wire with flat ribbon geometry. In addition, an electrical heating device with such an electrical heating element and a method for manufacturing such an electrical heating device are also provided.

Abstract: A PTC starter is provided. A first pin is electrically connected to a first electrode of a thermistor. The thermistor and an elastic element are arranged in respective mounting cavities. The elastic element is provided with a connecting piece, through which a second pin is electrically connected to or disconnected from a second electrode of the thermistor. In a normal state of the thermistor, the elastic element is in an elastic deformation state, a first contact part and a second contact part of the elastic element are in electrical contact with the second electrode of the thermistor and the second pin respectively. After the thermistor ruptures, the elastic element resets, which causes the connecting piece to move so that the second contact part of the elastic element detaches from the second pin. An isolation structure is provided between the thermistor mounting cavity and the elastic element mounting cavity.

Abstract: A passive cooling topology and a manufacturing method are described for a transformer to achieve improved power density at a light weight. No fans or cooling liquids are required. Vertical planar faces are used for the central core element, the primary and secondary windings, the outer core element, and a finned heat sink. The primary flow for thermal cooling is radial, through the vertical planar faces. The transformer may be configured to float at the potential of a high voltage transmission line, leading to improved thermal characteristics. Eddy currents are reduced using repeating air gaps in the central core, and a continuously transposed cable comprising multiple strands per turn in the secondary winding. Air pockets in the windings are eliminated using a potting resin and vacuum pressure impregnation (VPI).

Abstract: An arrester and a method for producing an arrester are disclosed. In an embodiment the method includes providing at least three green layers, wherein each layer includes at least one green sheet, introducing at least one hole into a first layer and applying an electrically conductive material for forming inner electrodes to a second layer and a third layer. The method further includes laminating the layers to form a green stack, wherein the first layer is arranged between the second layer and the third layer, separating the green stack into individual components and compacting the individual components, wherein laminating the layers and compacting the individual components are effected in a single temperature process by co-firing.

Abstract: A resistor for suppressing magnetizing inrush current includes a container made of an insulating material and at least one resistive element housed in the container, the resistive element being connected to two bushings provided at the container, the outer surface of the container being coated with a conductive paint, and the paint being connected to the ground, thereby being able to be located between a cable and a switch, and being able to fix the outer surface thereof to a ground voltage level so that human contact safety is not impaired.

Abstract: A thermistor device includes include supports, contacts and offset posts configured to assist the fracturing of failed thermistor “pills” and to distribute the fragments of the fractured pills into compartment away from electrically conductive contacts in order to minimize arcing and overheating.

Abstract: An electric heating element with radiant tube comprising a radiation pipe (1) and an electric heating element (2, 3) contained in said pipe, wherein the heating element has legs that run to and fro in the pipe, and wherein the heating element is connected at one end of the pipe close to a furnace wall with electric power outlets through which electric current is fed to the element, wherein the element is supported in the pipe by ceramic discs (9) that are provided with through-penetrating holes through which the legs of the elements extend, and wherein two elements (2, 3) are disposed sequentially in said radiation pipe along its long axis.

Abstract: A method of supporting vertically hanging electrical resistance elements for heating furnaces or ovens in industrial operations. Each resistance element includes current-conducting legs that extend downward and upward a number of times, and the element includes along its length a number of ceramic discs that are provided with through-holes through which respective element legs extend. The upper part of the element merges with terminals that are connected to a source of electric current. The element is supported by at least one of the uppermost ceramic discs, wherein the uppermost ceramic disc supporting the element is placed in the insulation of the furnace roof above the underside of the roof. The legs of the element are short circuited at a location slightly or somewhat beneath the underside of the furnace roof with the aid of short circuiting plates.

Abstract: A motor start relay (100) comprises a positive temperature PTC thermistor, a PTC case 400 of heat resistant resin for receiving the PTC thermistor horizontally, first and second contact/terminals (500, 560) each having contacts electrically engaged with a respective electrode surface of the PTC thermistor in the PTC case (400), a housing (200) receiving the PTC case (400) and a cover (300) attached on the housing (200). FIG. 9 shows the failsafe mechanism of the present invention. In case of a crack occurring in the PTC thermistor, thermistor portion PTC1 is rotated by spring contact (510) with a force F1, and thermistor portion PTC2 is pushed by spring contact (570) at the reverse direction and is dropped through an opening of the PTC case (400).

Abstract: A resistor apparatus for containing broken pieces of an overheated resistor body is provided. The resistor apparatus includes a resistor body and a first and second lead wire electrically connected to opposite sides of the core. A gas permeable containment casing substantially encloses the resistor body and is fixed to the lead wires by fasteners, therefore maintaining the containment casing in a position substantially enclosing the resistor body. In the event that the resistor overheats and the resistor body breaks, the containment casing is maintained in a position to contain any pieces of the overheated resistor that break away, while allowing any gasses to escape, therefore preventing explosion of the containment casing and damage to surrounding apparatuses.

Abstract: A method for retaining a terminal of a terminal assembly for a positive temperature coefficient resistor/overload resistor (PCTR/OL) assembly includes providing a body having an inner surface, and disposing at least one retaining member to the inner surface. The retaining member is configured to engage the terminal substantially perpendicular to an axis of symmetry of the terminal.

Abstract: An inexpensive positive temperature coefficient thermistor has metal terminals which have been miniaturized without deteriorating the characteristics or sacrificing the reliability of the device. The metal terminals include supporting members and springs constructed such that a total width of the supporting members is smaller than a total width of the springs. In addition, connecting portions at the upper ends of the metal terminals engage with a case main body or a covering member to be retained at predetermined positions.

Abstract: An inexpensive positive temperature coefficient thermistor has metal terminals which have been miniaturized without deteriorating the characteristics or sacrificing the reliability of the device. The metal terminals include supporting members and springs constructed such that a total width of the supporting members is smaller than a total width of the springs. In addition, connecting portions at the upper ends of the metal terminals engage with a case main body or a covering member to be retained at predetermined positions.

Abstract: A positive thermistor element is supported by being clamped by first and second resilient contact members that are opposed to each other so as to be disposed along a diagonal and first and second positioning protrusions that are opposed to each other so as to be disposed along the other diagonal of the positive thermistor element. The first resilient contact member is located toward the periphery of the positive thermistor element from the second positioning protrusion and the second resilient contact member is positioned toward an inner portion of the positive thermistor element from the first positioning protrusion.

Abstract: A positive thermistor element is supported by being clamped by first and second resilient contact members that are opposed to each other so as to be disposed along a diagonal and first and second positioning protrusions that are opposed to each other so as to be disposed along the other diagonal of the positive thermistor element. The first resilient contact member is located toward the periphery of the positive thermistor element from the second positioning protrusion and the second resilient contact member is positioned toward an inner portion of the positive thermistor element from the first positioning protrusion.

Abstract: A positive thermistor device includes a positive thermistor element having a pair of opposed electrodes, each of which receives compressive force elastically applied from a corresponding one of spring contact members to hold the thermistor element at a predefined position in the device. When the thermistor device is destroyed, the element breaks into fragments, some of which remain in contact with the spring contact members. The remaining fragments deviate in position to ensure that they do not conduct electricity, resulting in an open state, wherein any current flow is inhibited through such fragments. More specifically, a positive thermistor disk is held within the device so that it is interposed between conductive spring contact pieces and insulative position-alignment projections, which are cross-diagonally situated with respect to each other.

Abstract: A positive thermistor device used in a motor activating circuit device of a refrigerator for example includes a positive thermistor element having a pair of opposed electrodes, each of which receives compressive force elastically applied from a corresponding one of spring contact members to hold the thermistor element at a predefined position in the device. When the thermistor device is destroyed, the element breaks into fragments, some of which remain in contact with the spring contact members. The remaining fragments deviate in position to ensure that they do not conduct electricity, resulting in an open state, wherein any current flow is inhibited through such fragments. More specifically, a positive thermistor disk is held within the device so that it is interposed between conductive spring contact pieces and insulative position-alignment projections, which are cross-diagonally situated with respect to each other.

Abstract: An improved IDC trim resistor connector assembly made up of a generally open top cup shape connector with side wall slots and an interior first array of terminal posts arranged for passage therethrough of a first lead wire of sensor circuitry. A first stamped metal IDC terminal is push-on mounted on the terminal posts for IDC cradling and electrically and mechanically receiving and connecting to the first lead wire. A conventional trim resistor substrate is loose mounted but accurately positioned on the connector bottom wall and has an “E” pattern of resistive material adapted for center leg laser trimming to calibrate the associated sensor circuitry. A first IDC terminal spring leg overlap contacts one side leg of the trim resistor E-pattern and thereby spring clamps the resistor substrate. A cover is snap-latch mounted on the connector and has an access opening to enable laser trimming of the trim resistor after cover installation.

Abstract: A positive thermistor device includes a positive thermistor element having a pair of opposed electrodes, each of which receives compressive force elastically applied from a corresponding one of spring contact members to hold the thermistor element at a predefined position in the device. When the thermistor device is destroyed, the element breaks into fragments, some of which remain in contact with the spring contact members. The remaining fragments deviate in position to ensure that they do not conduct electricity, resulting in an open state, wherein any current flow is inhibited through such fragments. More specifically, a positive thermistor disk is held within the device so that it is interposed between conductive spring contact pieces and insulative position-alignment projections, which are cross-diagonally situated with respect to each other.

Abstract: In a contact assembly for semiconductor resistors, contact elements (5a, 5b) are designed asymmetrically in such a way that, on mutually opposite side faces of an electrical component (3), they bear on it while being mutually offset.

Abstract: A thermistor for surface mounting includes a first conductive terminal member, a case having a top opening, a planar thermistor element having electrodes on mutually opposite main surfaces thereof, and a second conductive terminal member having at one end thereof a planar cover part which is attached to the top part of the case. One end of the first terminal member is positioned inside the case and above its bottom member. The other ends of the first and second terminal members are positioned on the bottom surface of the case.

Abstract: A positive thermistor device includes a positive thermistor element having a pair of opposed electrodes, each of which receives compressive force elastically applied from a corresponding one of spring contact members to hold the thermistor element at a predefined position in the device. When the thermistor device is destroyed, the element breaks into fragments, some of which remain in contact with the spring contact members. The remaining fragments deviate in position to ensure that they do not conduct electricity, resulting in an open state, wherein any current flow is inhibited through such fragments. More specifically, a positive thermistor disk is held within the device so that it is interposed between conductive spring contact pieces and insulative position-alignment projections, which are cross-diagonally situated with respect to each other.

Abstract: A housing contains a PTC element which can be easily inserted and removed. Conductive metal retaining elements of the housing are secured to the base of the housing, and retain the PTC element with a generally planar portion parallel to the electrodes of the PTC component. The retaining elements also have slidable contact between the elements and the top of the housing so as to modify the elastic deformation of the element and allow for insertion and removal of the PTC element.

Abstract: The microwave frequency chip resistor assembly is used as a terminating device for a video jack. Such an assembly minimizes inductance variation and eliminate soldering associated with conventional metal film resistors.

Abstract: In a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, a terminal holding member is provided between an outer casing and an elastic terminal electrically connected to the semiconductor ceramic element. The terminal holding member is formed of a thermoplastic resin having a low softening point. Consequently, when an abnormally large amount of heat is generated in the semiconductor ceramic element, the terminal holding member melts and deforms, causing the semiconductor ceramic element to be separated and thereby electrically disconnected from the terminal.

Abstract: A circuit package for a varistor chip includes a housing made of an electrical insulating and burn-resistant composition. The housing includes a surrounding wall with upright front and rear wall portions and opposite side wall portions which interconnect the front and rear wall portions and which have lower sections that are formed with aligned pairs of wire holes, and a bottom wall connected to a bottom end of the surrounding wall. Each of two electrical contact pieces is disposed inside the housing and is located adjacent to a respective one of the front and rear wall portions of the surrounding wall. The contact pieces receive the varistor chip therebetween and are provided with contact portions that abut against the varistor chip. Each of the contact pieces has opposite sides formed with a pair of contact tabs. Each of the contact tabs is juxtaposed with a respective one of the wire holes and is used to establish external electrical connection with the varistor chip.

Abstract: An electronic component device includes an electronic component element 13 that is interposed between a pair of spring terminals 14 and 15. The electronic component element 13 is resiliently held by the spring terminals 14 and 15, and contact portions 17 and 18 of the spring terminals 14 and 15, which are respectively brought into contact with electrodes 13b and 13c of the electronic component element 13, are positioned on both major surfaces of the electronic component element 13 so as not to be opposed to each other. At least one groove of a set of grooves 16a to 16c is formed on at least one of the major surfaces of the electronic component element 13 for guiding the direction in which the electronic component element 13 is divided when the electronic component element 13 is destroyed by, for example, an abnormal voltage.

Abstract: A surge absorbing structure capable of effectively utilizing the gaseous discharge is intended without a complicated structural configuration such as using the conventional discharge tube. To implement this, a porous layer 1 is formed by a non-conductive material to provide many holes, and sandwiched between a pair of electrodes 2a and 2b to allow the electrodes to be conducted by the gaseous discharge generated through the holes 3 in this porous layer to execute surge absorption.

Abstract: A heating element formed from at least two wires twisted together. The twisted wires are preferably shaped in a helical configuration and mounted within a quartz tube.

Abstract: A layer of ceramic material such as alumina is plasma-deposited on a sheet member such as molybdenum or a composite laminate of molybdenum and graphite or other material of low thermal expansion to form a circuit unit substrate having a thick, adherent, electrically-insulating coating on a light, rigid and thermally-conducting base. Thick and thin film materials are deposited and fired on the insulating coating to provide conductors, insulators or resistors or the like in a circuit unit. The materials of the sheet member and of the insulating coating are selected to have matching thermal expansion coefficients so that the substrate remains flat and free of bowing during the firing of the thick and thin film materials. The plasma-deposited electrically-insulating layer is sealed to prevent moisture absorption during use.

Abstract: An infra-red heater for a hybrid oven drying a web with an elongate foil having transverse corrugations heating element within a quartz tube. A thermocouple sensor is used to provide a control signal to a controller to regulate the infra-red output.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electronic device comprising a plate-shaped electronic element having electrode films. The electronic element is elastically supported by spring members in an electrically insulating case so as to be respectively in contact with the electrode films. Each spring member includes supporting plates opposing to the electrode films and spring pieces for being respectively in contact with the electrode films at contact points thereof. Each spring piece is formed integrally with the supporting plate so as to be extended with a curvature toward the electrode film from one end of the supporting plate in the longitudinal direction thereof to the contact point, to be folded by a predetermined angle at the contact point, and to be further extended toward the supporting plate from the contact point without contact with the supporting plate.

Abstract: A surge absorber in which an electrically conductive thin film is vaporized on the surface of a ceramic circular cylinder, a micro.groove is trimmed using a laser beam to define a spiral locus on the surface, and a linear.groove is trimmed to intersect the micro.groove to divide the thin film into a plurality of segments, so that overvoltages applied across the two electrodes can be absorbed.

Abstract: A surge suppressing resistor for a disconnect switch is provided which has its interior and exterior surfaces in fluid communication with the atmosphere to achieve a greater cooling effect. A glass epoxy stacking rod is supported between the end flanges of the resistor assembly and is used when two or more resistor bodies are to be joined together to form a unitary resistor assembly. The stacking rod is stressed and compressive forces hold the resistor bodies together as a unit for structural rigidity and electrical contact.

Abstract: An infra-red lamp consists of a quartz tubular envelope sealed at each end with a respective pinch seal. A tungsten filament supported within the envelope is electrically connected, via a molybdenum foil strip and lead wires within the pinch seal to a connector for connection to a power supply. Each pinch seal is substantially wholly enclosed within a ceramic housing, which is preferably provided with a locating flange, to protect the pinch seal in part from heat emitted by the filament and to assist in location of the lamp in an operating environment.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing an electrical conductor are provided comprising a doped polymeric material and an encasement means substantially impermeable to the dopant, the encasement means having matching surfaces in contact with the polymeric material to reduce the loss of dopant and an inert gas to occupy any voids between the surfaces.

Abstract: An electric immersion heating apparatus for heating highly corrosive liquids includes a flexible cable-type immersion heater having a continuous coiled resistance heating element disposed in axially spaced pitches and being enclosed in a continuous tubular outer jacket formed of a flexible plastic material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene with a PFA side chain, resistant to chemical attach by highly corrosive liquids. The outer jacket is received over the coiled heating element in closely fitting relationship and has a wall thickness sufficiently thin to provide efficient heat transfer from the coiled element to the liquid being heated. Because of its thinness the outer tubular jacket is subject to permeation of damaging corrosive vapors through the jacket to the coiled heating element.

Abstract: Electrical resistance heating elements made of graphite and disposed in a ceramic tube are protected against breakage during shipment by cardboard inserts which are telescoped over the heating elements and into the tube. When the heating elements are first energized, the inserts burn away into harmless ash which falls to the bottom of the tube.

Abstract: An electrical infrared radiant heater in which a heater assembly includes an extruded ceramic holder having parallel holes, certain of which receive heating element wires through such holes. The ends of the heating element wires extend outwardly of the holder on both sides and are joined to each other so as to form a resistance element connected to a source of current. A casing carries the heater assembly.

Abstract: Graphite heating rods are disposed within a radiant tube which contains nitrogen under pressure to prevent oxidation of the rods. The pressure in the tube is sensed and nitrogen is admitted into or exhausted from the tube depending upon whether the pressure drops below or rises above a safe range. Only as much nitrogen is introduced into the tube as is necessary to replenish that which might be lost through normal leakage and thus only a comparatively small quantity of nitrogen is required to protect the graphite rods.

Abstract: An electrical heating element for ovens, furnaces and other infrared light applications comprises an elongate tubular envelope of thermally translucent refractory material such as pure alumina enclosing an elongate coiled refractory metal conductor which is capable of carrying a linear power loading of at least one hundred watts per inch. Refractory spacers along the coiled conductor and envelope hold the conductor spaced from the envelope and coaxial therewith so that the conductor attains heat in excess of the temperature limit of the envelope.