Abstract: A chip resistor (R1) includes a resistor element (1) having a first surface (1a) and a second surface (1b) opposite to the first surface. Two main electrodes (21), spaced from each other, are provided on the first surface (1a), while two auxiliary electrodes (22), spaced from each other, are provided on the second surface (1b). The auxiliary electrodes face the main electrodes (21) via the resistor element (1). The main electrodes (21) and the auxiliary electrodes (22) are made of the same material.

Abstract: A sheathed heater comprising a metallic sheath, such as a stainless steel sheath, an electric heating element disposed within the sheath so that an electric current can be supplied thereto, and a filling material filled in the sheath for insulating the heating element from the sheath and the coils of the heating element from each other. Aluminum nitride powder is used as the filling material to prevent oxidation of the heating element by the oxygen discharged from the filling material.

Abstract: A heating element for sterilely melt-cutting and welding together a pair of thermoplastic tubes transversely of the axis of the tubes includes an outer folded metal sheet, such as copper, aluminum, silver or gold, an electric resistance heating element of stainless steel or the like disposed inside the fold of the sheet and a dielectric adhesive disposed between the inner surfaces of the sheet and the resistor to insulate the resistor from the sheet and bond the structure together. The folded edge of the sheet forms the melting edge of the heating element. Vent channels within the adhesive and along at least one unfolded edge of the metal sheet are provided to vent entrapped gas from the element during heating.

Abstract: An electric heating element for sterilely cutting and welding together a pair of thermoplastic tubes transversely of the axis of each tube includes as an outer layer a folded sheet of a metal, such as copper, aluminum, silver or gold, having a thermal conductivity of at least about 173 watts/m.degree.K at a thickness of 0.10 mm and a tensile yield strength of at least 34.times.104 kPa at a 0.10 mm thickness. A resistance heating element, preferably having a positive thermal coefficient of resistance (PTC), in the form of a resistor of stainless steel or the like is disposed inside the fold of the metal sheet and a layer of dielectric adhesive, such as an epoxy or acrylic adhesive, stable to about 260.degree. C., is disposed between the inner surfaces of the metal sheet and the resistor to insulate the resistor from the folded sheet and bond the resulting structure together. The folded edge of the metal sheet forms the melting edge of the heating element. The heating element has a thickness of from about 0.

Abstract: A split-band heater adapted to encompass a cylindrical object for heating the same. The heater has tensioning means at the split for drawing the heater against a transverse peripheral surface of the object. The heater comprises two or more arcuate-shaped metal-sheathed heater sections, each in the form of a strip heater, each section being adapted for positionment along a respective portion of the transverse peripheral surface of the object.Each strip heater comprises an elongated metal channel having a planar base wall and a pair of coextensive side walls extending in the same direction from the edges of the base wall, the channel containing a resistance wire and electrical insulation means therefor, both disposed lengthwise within the channel, and an elongated metal strip fits transversely within the channel. The side walls of the channel are bent over adjoining longitudinal margins of the metal strip to lock it and the resistance wire and insulation means within the channel.