Abstract: A method in a drying group or groups provided with a single-wire draw in a multi-cylinder dryer of a paper machine in the draw of a web. The multi-cylinder dryer comprises drying cylinders heated by means of steam or equivalent, with the web being pressed by a drying wire against the cylinder faces of these drying cylinders. The multi-cylinder dryer has leading or lower cylinders on which the web runs outside the drying wire which is, for example, a felt. The leading cylinders or rolls are provided with holes passing through a mantle of the leading cylinders or rolls, these holes being fitted to open into an inner space of negative pressure within the leading cylinder or roll and to open, at an opposite end, into grooves provided on a mantle face of the rolls. The negative pressure inside the roll is arranged to be transmitted to the grooves provided on the outer face of the roll mantle, so that an adhesion force is applied to the web through the grooves.

Abstract: A method for use in web drying apparatus, such as a drying section of a coating or paper machine which includes drying cylinders against the outer mantles of which a web to be dried is pressed in direct contact, and wherein the web is carried from one drying cylinder to the next supported on a wire which passes from a drying cylinder over an intermediate leading cyclinder where the web is carried on the outer side of the wire out of direct contact with an outer mantle of the leading cylinder, and then to the next drying cylinder, comprises the steps of maintaining a negative pressure in a pocket space defined between a pair of successive drying cylinders and the web-supporting wire for suctioning the web into contact with the wire as it runs from one drying cylinder to the intermediate leading cylinder and from the intermediate leading cylinder to the next drying cylinder, and providing the leading cylinder with a perforated outer mantle and maintaining a negative pressure within the interior of the outer man

Abstract: A vacuum roll transfer apparatus is disclosed for drying a web extending through a single tier dryer section of a paper machine. The apparatus includes a rotatable perforate shell having a first and a second end. A stationary duct is disposed within and along the length of the shell between the ends of the shell. The duct is connected to a source of partial vacuum and the shell defines a plurality of holes along the length thereof such that in use of the apparatus, when the duct is connected to the source of partial vacuum, a partial vacuum is generated within a chamber defined between the shell and the duct. A flow restricting arrangement is disposed within the duct for generating a greater vacuum level adjacent to at least one of the ends of the shell for facilitating threading of a tail of the web.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and an apparatus in a paper machine, in particular in its drying section, for intensification of the drying of the paper. In the method the paper web (W) is passed on support of a drying fabric onto a drying cylinder (K). In the method, in connection with the drying cylinder (K), a separate suction device (10) is employed, which is fitted at a distance (F) from the drying fabric, e.g. a wire (H), which follows the face of the drying cylinder. In the method, by means of the suction device (10), the boundary layer (S.sub.1) of moist air, which has been formed on the face of the drying fabric (H), is suctioned off, whereby the drying process is promoted.

Abstract: Dryers with gas heating present a special problem, namely the uniform mixing of the combustion gases produced by a gas burner with circulated treatment air. In order to attain this objective, a special structure of an air mixer is provided, consisting of three series-arranged sections of air directing plates. In each section, of a different structure, the treatment air is in each case rerouted or deflected toward the middle of the treatment duct and mixed during this process with the air currents coming from the sides. It is advantageous to generate vortices in each case, first by means of a funnel-shaped air mixing section and then by means of sections with mutually parallel-arranged plates which are, on the one hand, disposed perpendicularly and, on the other hand, transversely thereto.

Abstract: A papermachine drying apparatus is disclosed for drying a first and a second side of the web. The apparatus includes a first single tier drying section for drying only the first side of the web. The first drying section includes a first plurality of dryer cylinders for drying the first side of the web, and a first plurality of vacuum rolls disposed in close proximity between adjacent dryer cylinders of the first plurality of dryer cylinders. A second single tier drying section for drying only the second side of the web in which the drying section includes a second plurality of dryer cylinders for drying the second side of the web, such cylinders being disposed immediately downstream relative to the first drying section. A second plurality of vacuum rolls are arranged such that each vacuum roll is disposed in close proximity between adjacent dryer cylinders of the second plurality of dryer cylinders.

Abstract: A pressing and drying machine, of the type comprising an arcuate transverse trough and a hot fluid flow chamber disposed beneath the trough to evaporate the water, by boiling, from the wet fabric material characterized in that it increases the production rate drastically, i.e. the pressing speed, and comprises to this end a second chamber (5) with an air flow, which is forced perpendicularly upwardly through appropriate passages (8) opening into the trough (1), against the wet fabric materials (r), said forcing taking place while the fabric material (r) is being drawn along through the said trough (1) at the same time as the hot fluid of the first chamber is effecting the evaporating action thereof, the air supplied to the second chamber (5) being provided by air producing means driven by appropriate mechanisms or devices and may be hot air.

Abstract: A beam construction used in the area of single-draw of the drying wire (13) in a paper machine or the equivalent thereof is placed in proximity of the straight joint run of the drying wire (13) and the web (W) between the drying cylinder (10) and the leading cylinder (12) or roll on a sector (a) of the leading cylinder (12) or roll that is otherwise free from the drying wire (13). The beam construction comprises a static closing-suction beam (20) with no blowing members. The closing-suction beam (20) covers the drying wire (13) which runs form the drying cylinder (10) onto the subsequent leading cylinder (12) or roll, the web (W) being placed on the opposite face of said wire (13). At the inlet edges of the closing-suction beam (20) transverse seals (27,28) are placed against the drying wire (13) and the leading cylinder (12) as well as lateral seals (25, 25a) at the ends of the closing-suction beam (20).

Abstract: A transfer apparatus is disclosed for transferring a web from an upstream dryer to a downstream dryer of a dryer section. The apparatus includes a first dryer felt which extends around the upstream dryer for supporting the web such that the web is disposed between the first felt and the upstream dryer for drying a first side of the web. The first felt roll is disposed downstream relative to the upstream dryer for guiding the first felt such that the first felt diverges relative to the upstream dryer and extends from the upstream dryer to and around the first felt roll. A second felt roll is disposed between the upstream dryer and the first felt roll such that the web is disposed between the second felt roll and the first felt. A second dryer felt extends around the downstream dryer for supporting the web such that the web is disposed between the second dryer felt and the downstream dryer for drying a second side of the web.

Abstract: In the drying section of a paper or board machine, a web travels in a meander-like fashion around drying cylinders and it is provided with ducts for delivering web-run stabilizing suction into the drying section. At least one cylinder is provided with ducts for delivering suction in the interior of a drying cylinder, the jacket of the cylinder being provided with flow paths communicating with the duct for delivering suction outside the cylinder both in a sector in which web runs around the jacket of the cylinder and in a sector in which the jacket of the cylinder is unoccupied by the run of the web.

Abstract: Means and apparatus for extracting moisture from a traveling web of textile material containing high-moisture content processing fluid using a fluid applicator extending transversely across the path of the traveling web for applying low-moisture content fluid through holes in a distribution manifold on one side of the traveling web. A flow restricting roller is disposed on the opposite side of the traveling web in opposition to the fluid applicator holes closely downstream from the holes and serving to confine the low-moisture content fluid flow from the applicator into and through the traveling web, thereby causing displacement of high-moisture content fluid from the traveling web with low-moisture content fluid. The flow restricting roller is disposed at a spacing above the applicator less than the free-standing thickness of the traveling web and applies pressure to compress the traveling web and effect flow restriction.

Abstract: A single wire dryer group for a web producing, and particularly a papermaking, machine. A plurality of heatable drying cylinders arrayed in a row. A respective suction reversing roll is disposed between adjacent drying cylinders. An endless support belt for the web to be dried travels alternately over a drying cylinder over the next adjacent reversing roll and then over the next adjacent drying cylinder. Movable bearings support each of the reversing rolls so that the distance between the reversing roll and at least the preceding drying cylinder in the path of the belt is variable. The direction of motion of the berarings is parallel to the central plane joining the axes of the two drying cylinders adjacent the respective reversing roll. The reversing roll has an initial normal position closer to the preceding web supplying drying cyinder and further from the following web receiving drying cylinder. The bearings are selectively also movable over a large distance from the respective adjacent drying cylinders.

Abstract: A drying end which comprises a plurality of drying groups. Referring to FIG. 2, each drying group has its own endless support belt (171-175) which travels together with the web alternately over drying cylinders (101-138) and guide rollers. In each drying group, at least some of the drying cylinders lie in a row of cylinders (161-168) which is arranged approximately vertically. Within the first drying group (160/161) the web travels downward through a vertical cylinder row (161), the lower side of the web contacting the cylinders. In the second drying group (162/163), the web first of all travels upward, the upper side of the web contacting the cylinders. At least two drying groups have two vertical cylinder rows (162-167). Referring to these later two groups, the rows of guide rollers in one drying group are arranged outside the corresponding cylinder rows, and in the other drying group the guide rollers are arranged inside the cylinder rows.

Abstract: Multi-cylinder dryer, has upper cylinder (13,14,15,16) and lower cylinders (10,11,12) over which a paper web (W) to be dried is run in meandering fashion from one cylinder onto the next cylinder. The paper web is in direct contact with each drying cylinder within a sector that is larger than 180.degree.. An upper wire (5) and a lower wire (6) are used to press the paper web against faces of the drying cylinders (10,11,12; 13,14,15,16). The wires (6,5) are guided by guide rolls, which are placed in such a way that the paper web (W) is continuously supported by a wire (5,6) as it runs from one cylinder onto the other. The guide roll arrangements consist of fragmentary rolls (21,51), which are supported on suction boxes (20) and/or on blow boxes (50) so that at least two fragmentary rolls (21,51) are supported on each suction box (20)/blow box (50). By means of the suction boxes (20)/blow boxes (50), blowings (S,P) are directed at the drying wire (5,6).

Abstract: Method and apparatus for ventilating pockets in a twin-wire multi-cylinder dryer of a paper machine which comprises upper and lower lines of drying cylinders, an upper wire guided by surfaces of the upper cylinders and upper guide rolls and a lower wire guided by surfaces of the lower cylinders and lower guide rolls, and wherein the web runs between the upper and lower cylinders over an open draw, includes providing the guide rolls with perforated mantles for directing air flows from their interiors into the pockets, and providing blow boxes with nozzles for directing air flows into the pockets.

Abstract: A material web to be dried runs across a first drying cylinder onto which it is forced by a concurrently running continuous drying wire. Thereafter, the web and the drying wire proceed jointly from the first drying cylinder to a suction guide roll. From the latter, at least the drying wire returns to another drying cylinder. This path of the drying wire defines a wire space S. Blown into this wire space, for instance by means of a blow pipe, is drying air at uniform distribution across the machine width and sucked out again by the suction guide roll. This suction air is blown at the material web by means of a circulation air fan, at the circumference of the suction guide roll, and is sucked away again from there by means of an exhaust air fan.

Abstract: A vacuum roll transfer apparatus is disclosed for drying a web extending through a single tier dryer section of a paper machine. The apparatus includes a rotatable perforate shell having a first and a second end. A stationary duct is disposed within and along the length of the shell between the ends of the shell. The duct is connected to a source of partial vacuum and the shell defines a plurality of holes along the length thereof such that in use of the apparatus, when the duct is connected to the source of partial vacuum, a partial vacuum is generated within a chamber defined between the shell and the duct. A flow restricting arrangement is disposed within the duct for generating a greater vacuum level adjacent to at least one of the ends of the shell for facilitating threading of a tail of the web.

Abstract: A method in a drying group or groups provided with a single-wire draw in a multi-cylinder dryer of a paper machine in the draw of a web. The multi-cylinder dryer comprises drying cylinders heated by means of steam or equivalent, with the web being pressed by a drying wire against the cylinder faces of these drying cylinders. The multi-cylinder dryer has leading or lower cylinders on which the web runs outside the drying wire which is, for example, a felt. The leading cylinders or rolls are provided with holes passing through a mantle of the leading cylinders or rolls, these holes being fitted to open into an inner space of negative pressure within the leading cylinder or roll and to open, at an opposite end, into grooves provided on a mantle face of the rolls. The negative pressure inside the roll is arranged to be transmitted to the grooves provided on the outer face of the roll mantle, so that an adhesion force is applied to the web through the grooves.

Abstract: A guide roll for a porous belt, for instance for the drying wire of a paper machine, is described. A perforated roll shell rotates about a stationary air guide box. The guide box has two air chambers which extend across the length of the guide roll. One air chamber serves the discharge of blowing air and the other air chamber serves the intake and removal of suction air. Contained between the air guide box and the roll shell is an annular space in which a blowing zone and a suction zone are defined by longitudinal seals. Considering that blowing air and suction air may have different temperatures, the two air chambers of the air guide box are movable axially relative to each other.

Abstract: In the sieve drum device, a screen cover is not arranged, as customary, horizontally with sieve drums located, for example, in side-by-side relationship, but rather concentrically surrounds the respective sieve drum in the region covered by the material. In order to facilitate cleaning of the screen cover, the cover is swingable swung about a joint arranged on an axis in parallel to the sieve drum axis.

Abstract: A vacuum guide roll apparatus is disclosed for guiding a web between an upstream dryer and a downstream dryer of a dryer section. The apparatus includes a perforate roll shell having a first and a second end. The shell defines an elongate chamber which extends between the first and the second ends. A first and second shaft are rigidly secured to and disposed coaxially relative to the shell. The shafts are disposed adjacent to the first and second ends respectively of the shell. The shafts define respectively a first and second journal. A first and second bearing cooperate with the first and second journals respectively for rotatably supporting the roll shell. A housing is disposed coaxially relative to the shell and adjacent to one of the shafts. The housing defines a passageway which is connected to a source of partial vacuum. A first annular seal is disposed between the housing and the one shaft for sealing the housing relative to the one shaft.

Abstract: A vacuum roll transfer apparatus is disclosed for drying a web extending through a single tier dryer section of a paper machine. The apparatus includes a rotatable perforate shell having a first and a second end. A stationary duct is disposed within and along the length of the shell between the ends of the shell. The duct is connected to a source of partial vacuum and the shell defines a plurality of holes along the length thereof such that is use of the apparatus, when the duct is connected to the source of partial vacuum, a partial vacuum is generated within a chamber defined between the shell and the duct. A flow restricting arrangement is disposed within the duct for generating a greater vacuum level adjacent to at least one of the ends of the shell for facilitating threading of a tail of the web.

Abstract: A vacuum guide roll apparatus is disclosed for guiding a web between an upstream dryer and a downstream dryer of a dryer section. The apparatus includes a perforate roll shell having a first and a second end. The shell defines an elongate chamber which extends between the first and the second ends. A first and second shaft are rigidly secured to and disposed coaxially relative to the shell. The shafts are disposed adjacent to the first and second ends respectively of the shell. The shafts define respectively a first and second journal. A first and second bearing cooperate with the first and second journals respectively for rotatably supporting the roll shell. A housing is disposed coaxially relative to the shell and adjacent to one of the shafts. The housing defines a passageway which is connected to a source of partial vacuum. A first annular seal is disposed between the housing and the one shaft for sealing the housing relative to the one shaft.

Abstract: A multi-cylinder dryer for a paper machine having several drying groups situated one after the other, in which drying cylinders are situated one above the other in stacks, preferably in vertical stacks. In subsequent groups, a web is passed from one drying cylinder onto a next drying cylinder by way of a single-wire draw, so that the drying cylinders in the single-wire draw groups are situated outside the loops of their respective drying a wires. The web is passed as a supported draw from one single-wire group to a subsequent single-wire group by using at least two transfer-suction rolls. A first one of the transfer-suction rolls is situated inside a loop of a drying wire of the preceding single-wire draw group. The second or final transfer-suction roll is situated proximate to the first suction roll and inside a loop of a drying wire of the latter or subsequent single-wire draw group, proximate to a first drying cylinder in this subsequent group.

Abstract: A transfer apparatus is disclosed for transferring a tail of a web from a press roll to a dryer of a dryer section. The apparatus includes a lead-in roll which is disposed adjacent to and spaced relative to the press roll for leading the tail of the web from the press roll towards the dryer. A dryer felt extends around the lead-in roll and from the lead-in roll to the dryer such that the tail is supported by the felt from the lead-in roll to the dryer. The felt and the dryer define therebetween a positive air pressure in-going nip.

Abstract: Multi-cylinder dryer, has upper cylinder (13,14,15,16) and lower cylinders (10,11,12) over which a paper web (W) to be dried is run in meandering fashion from one cylinder onto the next cylinder The paper web is in direct contact with each drying cylinder within a sector that is larger than 180.degree.. An upper wire (5) and a lower wire (6) are used to press the paper web against faces of the drying cylinders (10,11,12; 13,14,15,16). The wires (6,5) are guided by guide rolls, which are placed in such a way that the paper web (W) is continuously supported by a wire (5,6) as it runs from one cylinder onto the other. The guide roll arrangements consist of fragmentary rolls (21,51), which are supported on suction boxes (20) and/or on blow boxes (50) so that at least two fragmentary rolls (21,51) are supported on each suction box (20)/blow box (50). By means of the suction boxes (20)/blow boxes (50), blowings (S,P) are directed at the drying wire (5,6).

Abstract: A ventilating roll for introducing a supply of relatively dry air into the pocket spaces between dryer rolls and the co-running fabrics and paper web in a papermaking machine, and removing the relatively moist air which is liberated from the traveling paper web as it comes into contact with the heated dryer rolls. The ventilating roll has a plurality of separate compartments, some of which conduct super-atmospheric pressure air into the pocket spaces, and some of which conduct sub-atmospheric air out of the pocket spaces. The compartments conducting air into the roll alternate with the compartments for conducting air out of the roll. The temperature of the internal structure of the roll is thereby balanced circumferentially about the center shaft of the roll and thermal bowing of the roll is kept to a minimum.

Abstract: Method and device in a drying group or groups provided with a single wire draw, in a multi-cylinder dryer of a paper machine for securing the threading of the web. The multi-cylinder dryer has drying cylinders heated by steam or equivalent, with the web to be dried being pressed by the drying wire into direct contact with cylinder faces of the drying cylinders. The multi-cylinder dryer also has leading cylinders or rolls on which the web remains outside the drying wire. In the area of single-wire draw, the leading cylinders or rolls are provided with a suction zone situated at a side of the service-side end of the rolls. The suction zone is provided by way of perforations passing through a mantle of the leading cylinders or rolls. The negative pressure present in an interior space in the leading cylinders is spread onto the outer faces thereof through the perforations and by way of grooves situated within the area of the suction zone and passing around the roll mantle.

Abstract: A single-wire drying group in a paper machine is disclosed including a plurality of drying cylinders whose axes are situated in a substantially common plane, a drying wire carrying a web between successive drying cylinders, one or more deflection rolls, each situated between a pair of successive drying cylinders and wherein the web-carrying drying wire has an incoming run from a drying cylinder to a deflection roll whereupon the drying wire runs over a deflection sector of the deflection roll and then to a subsequent drying cylinder. A blow box has a wall which defines a gap space with the incoming run of the web-carrying wire and a gas flow is directed through the gap space to induce an under pressure on the incoming run to fix the web on the drying wire.

Abstract: A single tier dryer section apparatus is disclosed for drying a web extending through a paper machine. The apparatus includes a first dryer and a dryer felt extending around the first dryer such that the web is disposed between the felt and the first dryer for drying the web. A vacuum transfer roll is disposed downstream relative to the first dryer such that the web and felt extend contiguously from the first dryer to and around the transfer roll so that the felt is disposed between the web and the roll during transit of the web and felt around the roll. A second dryer is disposed downstream relative to the transfer roll such that the web and the felt extend contiguously from the transfer roll to and around the second dryer so that the web is disposed between the felt and the second dryer during transit of the web and the felt around the second dryer.

Abstract: A guide roll apparatus is disclosed for guiding a contiguous web and web-supporting felt through a drying section of a paper machine. The apparatus includes a rotatable guide roll having an outer cylindrical surface defining a first and a second edge portion and a central portion disposed between the edge portions. The first edge portion defines a first plurality of air flow channels such that in use of the apparatus, when the web and felt are guided around the rotatable guide roll, air entrapped between the first edge portion and the felt wrapped around the first edge portion is permitted to flow through the first plurality of channels away from the felt so that fluttering of the web during guidance around the first edge portion is inhibited.

Abstract: A rotary-drum dryer for machines for continuous treatment of fabrics, operating by air percussion and air suction, either selectively or in combination, equipped with a set of control elements, able to realize different operating positions, with different distribution of both blown and intake air.

Abstract: A method of forming a vacuum bonded non-woven batt includes the steps of blending at least first and second staple polymer fiber constituents. One of the fiber constituents has a relatively low predetermined melting temperature and the other a relatively high melting temperature. The intermixture is formed either into a relatively thick single layer web or a relatively thin web which is then formed into a relatively thick multilayer web structure. The web structure is positioned on a rotating, air permeable drum and a vacuum is used to substantially reduce the thickness and increase the density of the web structure. The web structure is heated to a temperature at or above the relatively low melting temperature of the first fiber constituent and below the melting temperature of the second fiber constituent while under vacuum to release the plastic memory of the fibers of the first fiber constituent in their compressed configuration.

Abstract: An on-line film fluorination apparatus cooperative with a continuous polymer film extruding apparatus is set forth. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, a continuous feed film is introduced into a closed cabinet or housing having alignment and guide rollers for directing the film into the housing. The film passes around a first roller having a portion thereof formed of sintered nickel to enable gaseous impregnation of the surface of the film with a gas flow including fluorine. The gas acts on the exposed face of the film, changing the surface of the polymer film, thereby providing a relatively thick surface upgrading of the film. After exposure to the fluorine, the film passes a closed vacuum container having an open face adjacent to the film surface for drawing off unreacted fluorine for recapture and recycling.

Abstract: The invention is a method and apparatus for treating a permeable web with a fluid. The apparatus has a rotatable drum with a fluid permeable endless belt reeved about at least a portion of the drum circumference. Two or more spaced-apart press rolls bear against the outer surface of the belt, pressing it against the drum with sufficient force to form nip zones. A belt position control mechanism gives the belt limited freedom of radial movement away from the drum in the area between the nip zones. This permits a gap of controllable dimension to form between the drum and the belt. The gapped region defines a volume which creates a permeable web treating zone. The drum surface has at least one row of spaced apertures located entirely around its circumference. These apertures communicate with a fluid supply system which can supply treating fluid under pressure outwardly through the surface apertures into the treating zones between the press rolls.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is an equipment provided with a fabric deodorization loop and a fabric cooling loop, both of which are connected in closed loop to the container into which the fabric is delivered, and an activated charcoal cooling loop, it too being a closed loop, connected to the filters of the deodorization loop.

Abstract: A method for applying a negative pressure over a sector of an air-pervious mantle of a roll includes providing a suction chamber within the pervious roll mantle which extends over a suction sector of the roll, directing air jets away from the suction chamber at the outermost edge portions of the suction chamber, the air jets causing air currents to be ejected from the suction chamber at the outermost edge zones thereof, the air currents thereby producing air seals at the outermost edge zones of the suction chamber without the use of contact-type sealing elements and at the same time, at least partly, providing a negative pressure in the suction chamber. A suction roll includes blow nozzles for directing air jets away from the suction chamber substantially parallel to the tangent of the roll mantle proximate to the blow nozzles. The inlet sides of the blow nozzles are connected to a pressure chamber situated within the roll mantle, the pressure chamber adapted to be connected to a pressure source.

Abstract: A drying apparatus for drying photographic paper includes a rotary drum and a duct having a recess which is provided with air outlet bores. A photographic paper passing area is defined between the outer periphery of the drum and the recess of the duct. The warm air blown out of the air outlet bores presses the side (the reverse side) of the photographic paper which is opposite to the emulsion layer side thereof against the outer periphery of the rotary drum, thereby maintaining the emulsion layer side of the paper in a non-contact state while the paper is being transported. The rotary drum is provided with bores through which the warm air is sucked in so as to suction-hold the photographic paper on the outer periphery of the rotary drum, whereby the photographic paper is also heated from the reverse side thereof.

Abstract: A dryer for paper and similar fibrous web materials including a dryer roll having an outer cylindrically-shaped wall, a radiant heat source within the dryer roll adapted to heat the wall substantially uniformly about the entire periphery thereof, and nip-forming means forming a pressure nip with the dryer roll.

Abstract: A sieve drum is disclosed that is particularly useful in textile processing equipment, such as a suction drum dryer, for heat-treating of continuous web material. The sieve drum is constructed having a single layer of a close mesh screen cylindrically formed between a pair of end heads to provide support for and transmit torque to web material being processed. The close mesh screen is composed of a plurality of longitudinal and transverse wire lengths of relatively heavy gauge than are sinusoidally woven into a lattice having a multitude of small interstitial openings each with rounded edges to provide smooth, unabrasive support to the web material. The multitude of small openings the aggregate area of which comprises less than 50% of the screen surface provides an even distribution of heated air over the surface of the drum and exposes a high percentage of the supported web to the air for a fast, energy efficient heat-treating process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drying apparatus for use in a papermaking machine and comprising at least four press rollers in nip contact with one another in succession in a closed train to define a substantially sealed chamber between the press rollers and chamber end walls. At least one of the press rollers is a hollow roller having a pervious outer wall to support at least one endless felt disposed for advance over an outer support surface of at least some of the rollers and passing through all of the nip contacts. The endless felt is a pervious carrier for a paper sheet to be dried. Resilient support means is provided for at least one press roller. Drive means is also provided for at least one press roller. Conduit means permits air movement through the hollow roller and the chamber. Air displacement means is connected to the conduit means. The air movement passes through the sheet carried on the felt whereby to extract moisture from the sheet and for convection of the moisture by the conduit means.

Abstract: A drying apparatus for sheets of sliced veneer has two conveyor belts lying one above the other running together jointly around a partially curvilinear, looped path guided by a plurality of guide apparatuses, the belts being positioned so that the sheets may be inserted between the belts for transport in a direction transverse to their widths, wherein the conveyor belts run rectilinearly between at least two of the adjacent guide apparatuses for a distance at least equal to half the maximum width of the sheets fed between the belts. The guide apparatuses may be rotatable cylindrical structures, for example rollers or cylinders, whose axes of rotation preferably all lie in the same horizontal plane. These rotatable cylindrical structures may be provided with brakes, drying and heating units as well. Furthermore the drying apparatus provides a velocity difference between the belts of from 2% to 5% and the belts passing between adjacent pairs of rollers are inclined at angles from 30.degree. to 75.degree..

Abstract: The outer side surface of the drying cylinder (1) is delimited by a plurality of coaxial rims (2) having the same radius, arranged side by side and separated two by two by an axial space (7), and made of a good heat-conducting material. Each rim (2) is heated and cooled independently from the others by a heating member (8) and a cooling member (11) housed into a subrim (3) surrounding by the rim (2). The heating is provided for example by an electric resistance and the cooling by circulation of cold water, the control being provided by means of remote controlled relays (10). Each rim (2) is rotationally integral with a hub (5) wedged to a drive shaft (6). A comb (26) having teeth (27) engaged into the spaces (7) avoids the winding of material around the cylinder (1) which is in depression conditions in order to favor the heat exchanges by suction of the material against the cylinder (1). Applications to the equipment of dry ends and post dry ends of paper-, cardboard- or other web material machines.

Abstract: A device for drying textile material has a closed housing accommodating a conveying means comprising a sieve drum that is under a suction draft and that is covered to prevent flowthrough of gases in the zone not contacted by the textile material; a fan associated with an end face of the sieve drum for withdrawing the gaseous treatment medium from the sieve drum and for blowing the gaseous treatment medium back into a space around the sieve drum; and an annular gap provided between a fan intake connection, or duct, and a wall provided with the drum spider for supporting the sieve drum. The gap is surrounded by an annular duct open toward the gap into which terminates burners of a direct flame heating unit for heating said gaseous treatment medium.

Abstract: An process is disclosed for finish drying of tubular knitted fabrics from a wet condition to a substantially finished form in a single process. Wet treated and mechanically extracted fabric is significantly overspread laterally as it enters the upstream end of the dryer and, importantly, although already wet, the fabric is steamed. Thereafter, and throughout most of its travel through the dryer system, the fabric is handled with special care to avoid stitch tension to the greatest possible extent while the wet fabric is assuming geometric stability. The discharged fabric is unique in comparison to conventionally dried fabric in that it is virtually finished and ready for the cutting table. The invention also makes possible mechanical roller compacting of fabrics in wet condition, enabling the wet-compacted fabric to be dried to a substantially finished condition without significant loss of its compacting.

Abstract: A honeycomb grilled conduit is constructed of a channel having a pair of spaced-apart sidewall portions defining a channel opening with a honeycomb grill extending across the channel opening between the outer edges of the sidewall portions. The honeycomb grill of the conduit is raised outwardly of the edges of the sidewall portions so as to provide between the honeycomb grills of adjacent conduits an open flow area for the flow of the drying medium so as to provide a continuous drying surface.

Abstract: In a peripheral exhaust system for a high velocity dryer having dryer hood sections and respective supply and removal ducts associated with each section through which recirculating air used for drying is carried to and away from the sections, auxiliary exhaust ducts formed along the periphery of the sections adapted to receive a portion of the hot air used for drying that would otherwise enter the area surrounding the dryer hood and a portion of the cold air from the surrounding area that would otherwise enter the dryer hood. The exhaust ducts are connected by blowers to ducts which remove the air to a location remote from the web.

Abstract: A screen printing machine has at least one printing station wherein rotary or flat screens are used. Downstream of the printing station, there is provided a heated continuously or discontinuously driven roller over the heated jacket of which the web is trained. The web preferably consists of impermeable material. The heated roller defines a drying path. A cooling unit is disposed downstream of the drying path and is preferably defined by a cooling roller which is connected to a cooling device. A web supplying roller is mounted at the inlet of the machine and a takeup roller is mounted downstream of the cooling unit. The transport of the web may be controlled during forward movement as well as during rearward movement. The machine is compact because the cooling unit and one of the web supplying and takeup rollers are disposed at a level below the printing station.

Abstract: A web dryer structure for thermal removal of moisture from a traveling web such as a web of paper coming from the press section of a papermaking machine including a row of upper dryer drums and a row of lower dryer drums with the drums positioned to carry the web in a sinuous path successively between upper and lower drums and the web wrapping the upper and lower surfaces of the drums respectively with upper and lower looped felts wrapping the web on the upper and lower surfaces of the drums with the felt guided by guide rolls which for the upper felt are beneath upper drums and for the lower felts are above lower drums with the guide rolls being hollow roll shells and having glands therein divided so that a first portion of the guide roll faces the onrunning web and a second portion faces the offrunning web with vacuum means and pressure means connected to the interior of the guide rolls so that one portion is subjected to a vacuum, and the other portion is subjected to a pressure, and the arrangement accomm

Abstract: A system for drying a wet web of fibrous material carried through a rotary dryer on an air pervious support, without damage to the rotary dryer or the air pervious support in the event of an upset to the system comprising in combination (1) heater means for producing hot air; (2) a dryer unit, (3) an air mixer or heat exchanger for providing hot air at the desired temperature to the input section of the dryer; (4) recycle means for carrying air exiting the air output section of the dryer unit to the air mixer or heat exchanger; (5) a first line for carrying the hot air from the heater means to the air mixer or heat exchanger; (6) a first normally open damper means on the first line; (7) a second line for venting hot air away from the system; and (8) a second normally closed damper means on the second line, wherein when an upset in the system occurs, the hot air produced by the heater means and normally carried to the air mixer or heat exchanger is vented away from the system by opening the second normally clo