Abstract: The device comprises a drum drier with parallel streams (1) fed with recycled materials and a drum drier and countercurrent mixer (2) fed with virgin aggregates at its entry end (2a). The exit end (1b) of the drum with parallel streams (1) through which the dried and preheated recycled materials leave is connected to a ring (26) for introducing materials through the side wall of the countercurrent drum (2) through a chute for transferring the recycled materials. The ring (26) for introducing the recycled materials opens into a recycling and mixing zone (23) situated in the countercurrent drum (2) around the body of the burner (10), between the flame zone (22) and the mixing zone (24). The dried and heated recycled materials (8) are transferred continuously into the recycling zone (23) of the countercurrent drum (2).

Abstract: A high density, single pass heat exchanger (26) is provided which is designed for drying products such as bakery wastes, alfalfa, peat moss, wood or similar fibrous products. The exchanger (26) has a series of circumferentially spaced, inwardly directed heat transfer sheet metal flights (48) presenting a central flight-free zone (74), together with a series of baffles (282-288) in axially spaced relationship along the length of the exchanger (26). A number of annular deflectors (294-298) are mounted within the exchanger (26) between adjacent baffles (282-288), such that the baffles (282-288) and associated deflectors (294-298) cooperate to cause the material being dried to follow an essentially serpentine, generally helical path (300). The exchanger (26) is capable of efficiently removing moisture from wet products by virtue of the fact that the diameter (R) of the exchanger (26) to the diameter (r) of the internal flight-free central zone (74) is from about 1.4-2.4.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating refuse by non-combustibly shrinking polyfoam plastics in the refuse. The trash is heated at a temperature between 250.degree. F. and 500.degree. F. for a minimum period of time. A rotatable chamber heats the refuse and transports the refuse for the minimum period of time. An operator controls the rate of rotation of the chamber and thus the time of heating in accordance with the moisture content of the refuse. A steam/air mixture used as a heat medium serves to kill bacteria in the refuse in addition to shrinking and drying the refuse.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a high bulk density particulate detergent composition, of a bulk density greater than 0.7 g./cc. and preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.0 g./cc., includes turbodrying a mixture of synthetic anionic organic detergent, preferably of sodium C.sub.12-13 linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, water, and fabric softening bentonite, in which turbodrying process the mixture is repeatedly subjected to centrifugal and axial forces which create thin films of the mixture, which are pulled apart, due to such forces, to form particles, which are further turbodried and thereby converted to high bulk density particles of substantially globular shape and desired particle sizes. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the mixture charged to the turbodryer is made by turbomixing and aqueous solution, dispersion or paste of anionic detergent with bentonite, and the mixture made thereby is directly turbodried.

Abstract: The rotary drum dryer includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced flights in each of a plurality of axially spaced flight sections. A radially inwardly directed dam is interposed between each flight section and serves as a pivotal mount for the flights of each section. The dams are provided with arcuate slots having a plurality of detent positions arranged about mounting holes for pins secured to the flights and forming the pivot axis therefor. The angular position of the flights is adjustable by locating bolts on the flights in selected detented positions in the arcuate tracks. The combination of pivotally mounted flights and dams affords more uniform veiling across the drum interior and provides efficient heat transfer to the aggregate from the hot gases of combustion.

Abstract: A system and method for removing drag-out adhering surface treating solutions from barrels and their loads of articles in bulk after electroplating and/or chemical surface treatments and the recovery (recycling) of said solutions.

Abstract: A rotary drum for tumbling a granular product therein for heat transfer or drying with arcuate baffles mounted on the inner surface of the drum with the concave surface of the baffles facing outwardly and the baffles having rims at the ends to restrict discharge of material from the baffles and the baffles being offset circumferentially in a trailing downstream direction with openings through the baffles and an angled downstream edge of certain baffles with other baffles having a portion of the downstream edge removed and the baffles formed in two sections hinged to each other with the ends secured to the inner surface of the drum.

Abstract: A dryer drum for drying bulk material including a rotating drum having an inlet for material to be dried at one end and an outlet for dried material at the other end, a center shaft extending therethrough, vanes mounted on the shaft circumferentially spaced from each other and axially spaced along the shaft, the vanes having a first panel extending substantially in a radial plane parallel to the axis of the shaft, a second panel attached to the first panel and facing in a downstream direction and a third panel attached to the second panel; wherein the bulk material to be dried moves in sliding movement over the panels and is mechanically conveyed toward the dryer inlet.

Abstract: An improved multiple-pass drum dryer (12) is provided which includes an enlarged, flighted premixing zone (65) including a frustoconical, converging transition section (68) leading to an innermost passageway (138) of a concentric multiple-pass final drying section (24). Product and drying air fed to the premixing zone (65) undergo an acceleration in the transition section (68), whereupon product and air are decelerated during travel through the multiple-pass final drying section (24). In this way, product is moved along a first region (66) of the premixing zone (65) at a relatively low average speed so that the initially wet product is proximally exposed to heated gases emitted from a burner for a maximally effective time period. The product then experiences a relatively rapid acceleration in the transition section (68) due to negative pressure from a downstream fan and decreasing cross-sectional area in the transition section (68).

Abstract: A reverse flow post-mixer attachment for direct-fixed asphaltic concrete mixers includes a modified discharge box for the downstream end of the drum and an enclosure for the downstream portion of the drum forming a passage along the exterior of the drum. If the smoke point of the liquid asphalt to be added to the material in the drum meets an established standard it is injected into the material upstream of the downstream end of the drum and discharged from the latter end in the normal manner. If the smoke point of the asphalt does not meet the standard, the material exiting the drum is diverted into the passage along the exterior of the drum and the asphalt added there out of the burner stream in the durm. The material and asphalt are then mixed and moved through the passage and finally discharged.

Abstract: An improved, high efficiency rotary drum dryer and method is disclosed which achieves outstanding thermal efficiencies by provision of a multiple-pass rotary dryer designed so that the product to be dried is first conveyed through an outermost drum of relatively large cross-sectional area and then through succeeding internal drums of progressively smaller cross-sectional areas. In this way, the velocity of induced air currents traveling through the dryer increases from pass to pass, with the result that the net velocity of product through successive passes also increases. The preferred dryer also includes housing structure in surrounding relationship to the innermost drum permitting introduction of relatively low humidity ambient-derived air into the central drum so as to lower the partial pressure of moisture in the drying atmosphere, thus promoting the final stage of drying.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a high bulk density particulate detergent composition, of a bulk density greater than 0.7 g./cc. and preferably in the range of 0.8 to 1.0 g./cc., includes turbodrying a mixture of synthetic anionic organic detergent, preferably of sodium C.sub.12-13 linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, water, and fabric softening bentonite, in which turbodrying process the mixture is repeatedly subjected to centrifugal and axial foces which create thin films of the mixture, which are pulled apart, due to such forces, to form particles, which are further turbodried and thereby converted to high bulk density particles of substantially globular shape and desired particle sizes. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the mixture charged to the turbodryer is made by turbomixing an aqueous solution, dispersion or paste of anionic detergent with bentonite, and the mixture made thereby is directly turbodried.

Abstract: A rotatable hollow drum for a dehydrator has an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end. A longitudinal shaft extends axially from one end of the drum to the other. A plurality of circumferentially-spaced, longitudinally extending flights are mounted to the inner side of the hollow drum. A plurality of circumferentially-spaced flights is also mounted to the shaft with each of these flights also extending along the shaft. The flights on both the drum and shaft uniquely comprise a plurality of tines which may have their ends bent, at progressively increasing angles, for intercepting, turning, separating and enhancing the conveyance of pieces of material being dried in the dehydrator as the pieces travel from one end to the other as the dehydrator rotates. This action promotes constant movement of the material in the dehydrator to provide uniform drying of individual pieces while reducing the likelihood of blockage caused by the accumulation of pieces.

Abstract: A reverse flow post-mixer attachment for direct-fixed asphaltic concrete mixers includes a modified discharge box for the downstream end of the drum and an enclosure for the downstream portion of the drum forming a passage along the exterior of the drum. If the smoke point of the liquid asphalt to be added to the material in the drum meets an established standard it is injected into the material upstream of the downstream end of the drum and discharged from the latter end in the normal manner. If the smoke point of the asphalt does not meet the standard, the material exiting the drum is diverted into the passage along the exterior of the drum and the asphalt added there out of the burner stream in the drum. The material and asphalt are then mixed and moved through the passage and finally discharged.

Abstract: An improved laundry drier which includes an outer case as well as an inner case and a tub which is rotationally driven. There is provided a heating housing having heating elements contained therein. A blower is located beneath the heating elements in the heating housing. A first electromagnetic valve is located in a passage of a suction duct. A branch duct is formed into the passage and is in fluid communication with a suction end of the blower. A second electromagnetic valve is formed in the branch duct to control fluid communication between the passage of the suction duct and a spraying duct. There is provided a vacuum apparatus disposed therein. Hot air may be circulated through the spraying duct and finally through the blower and the heating elements in the heating housing during a drying process.

Abstract: An improved, high efficiency rotary drum dryer and method is disclosed which achieves outstanding thermal efficiencies by provision of a multiple-pass rotary dryer designed so that the product to be dried is first conveyed through an outermost drum of relatively large cross-sectional area and then through succeeding internal drums of progressively smaller cross-sectional areas. In this way, the velocity of induced air currents traveling through the dryer increases from pass to pass, with the result that the net velocity of product through successive passes also increases. The preferred dryer also includes housing structure in surrounding relationship to the innermost drum permitting introduction of relatively low humidity ambient-derived air into the central drum so as th lower the partial pressure of moisture in the drying atmosphere, thus promoting the final stage of drying.

Abstract: A dryer includes: a housing, an eddy-flow turbo fan having an inner cylinder formed with plural blades each having an inclined groove protruding upwardly outwardly and backwardly relative to the rotating direction of the fan to be tangential to the inner periphery of the inner cylinder and an outer cylinder formed with plural blades each protruding upwardly inwardly and backwardly to be tangential to the outer periphery of the outer cylinder, a heater disposed around the fan, a wet feed means fluidically communicated to a lower hopper of the fan, and a dry discharge means fluidically communicated with an upper annular port of the fan, whereby upon the rotation of the fan, a hot air stream as heated by the heater will be guided inwardly upwardly by the outer cylinder and the other hot air stream will be guided outwardly upwardly by the inner cylinder to thereby form an eddy air flow to dry the wet product as spirally floated on the eddy air stream in an efficient and economic way.

Abstract: An improved, high efficiency rotary drum dryer and method is disclosed which achieves outstanding thermal efficiencies by provision of a multiple-pass rotary dryer designed so that the product to be dried is first conveyed through an outermost drum of relatively large cross-sectional area and then through succeeding internal drums of progressively smaller cross-sectional areas. In this way, the velocity of induced air currents traveling through the dryer increases from pass to pass, with the result that the net velocity of product through successive passes also increases. The preferred dryer also includes housing structure in surrounding relationship to the innermost drum permitting introduction of relatively low humidity ambient-derived air into the central drum so as to lower the partial pressure of moisture in the drying atmosphere, thus promoting the final stage of drying.

Abstract: Apparatus for the drying of ferrous or non-ferrous turnings or scrap comprises a vertical axis drier (1) in which a drum (2) which encloses a transporter (3) for the turnings in question is mounted transversely. The turnings are heated indirectly via the drum (2) to evaporate their liquid content, while a protective atmosphere is maintained within the drum to prevent oxidation of the material. The vapors leaving the drum (2) are burnt in the drier (1) to heat the material and render the operation of the apparatus self-sufficient. As an alternative the vapors can be treated to recover their oil content, e.g. by distillation.

Abstract: A grain roasting machine includes an elongated hollow roasting drum mounted for rotation about its fore-and-aft longitudinally extending central axis and a burner for producing a roasting flame within the drum in a direction extending generally longitudinally of the drum from one end toward the other end of the drum. The flame is produced in the longitudinal direction but offset to one side of the central axis of the drum. Vanes disposed on the interior of the drum sidewall and extending longitudinally between the ends thereof carry grain placed in the drum along a first arcuate path which skirts the periphery of the flame and then drop the grain in a second linear path in which most of the grain falls across the drum and directly through the roasting flame before returning to the first path.

Abstract: A rotary drying system for particulate material includes a rotary dryer of the multiple pass drum construction with a horizontal axis of rotation. A furnace is coupled to one end and a horizontally disposed centrifugal separator of the scroll type is coupled to the opposite end. A small cyclone separator is coupled to the scroll separator and connected in a closed loop system with the scroll separator for continuous recycling air therethrough. The rotary dryer has essentially the largest vertical dimension and therefore the profile of the system is minimized. The rotary dryer is formed with an inner cylinder of a conical taper with a relatively small inlet end and progressively increasing passageway diameter to a large discharge end coupled to an intermediate passageway between the inner cylinder and an intermediate constant diameter cylinder. The intermediate passageway continuously expands in cross-section to a final discharge passageway formed by an outer concentric cylinder.

Abstract: An apparatus for rapid burning of thermally pretreated, at least partially calcined fine grained product to produce cememt clinker which includes a thermal reactor having a firing chamber and means for introducing the product to be treated in concurrent flow with and in the area of a flame in the firing chamber. The means for introducing the product includes a vertical shaft which discharges into the firing chamber, together with a deflector which is disposed in the area of the discharge orifice of the shaft, the deflector serving to deflect the hot product which strikes the deflector with substantial kinetic energy due to the force of gravity. The product is broken up into small particles by impacting with the deflector, and is directed substantially parallel to the flame in the firing chamber. The deflector extends at an obtuse angle relative to the axis of the shaft. The apparatus can be connected to a fuel supply and can be utilized as a burner.

Abstract: An outer cylindrical drum has an inner drum concentrically mounted therein in spaced relationship, to form coextensive outer and inner drying chambers that are connected to a common source of hot exhaust gases from a sugar factory boiler. Raw bagasse is first passed through the outer annular chamber to effect primary drying thereof, and then a portion of the primary dried bagasse is divided from the remainder and is passed through the inner chamber to produce secondary dried bagasse. The conveyance path between the point where the primary bagasse is divided and the inlet of the inner chamber is short in both time and distance to preserve heat in the divided portion, and an entrainment unit is utilized to preheat the divided portion before it enters the inner chamber.

Abstract: Moist pourable material which is required to be in dry condition, is dried by heating and drying a portion of the material and then mixing this portion with the remaining moist portion, so that the heat of the heated dry portion will heat and dry the remaining portion. A method and an apparatus are disclosed.

Abstract: An asphalt plant apparatus is disclosed having a material lifter cage arranged in coaxial relationship within a mixing drum. The lifter cage includes a plurality of cage lifters having a trough-like configuration for collecting material in the drum and spilling the material in a veil over the cross section of the drum as the cage lifters pass through a rotational path of travel. The cage lifters are divided into two sets alternately arranged about the lifter cage. The two sets consist of a first set of cage lifters having a material retaining surface fixed at an angle with respect to a radial line extending from the axis of rotation and a second set of cage lifters fixed at an angle approximately 20.degree. different from that of the first set. As the cage lifters pass through the path of travel, the first set of lifters spills material over an arc of the path approximately 20.degree.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying two materials comprising two coaxial cylinders, means for rotating the coaxial cylinders, means for introducing a first material into one end of the inner cylinder, means for heating the first material, means for moving the first material in response to the rotation of the cylinders along the interior of the inner cylinder so same is discharged from a second end thereof into an adjacent end of the outer cylinder, means for introducing a second material into the said adjacent end of the outer cylinder, and means for moving the first and second materials in response to the rotation of the cylinders along the interior of the outer cylinder in a direction contra to that of the movement of the first material in the inner cylinder so said first and second materials are discharged from the other end of the outer cylinder. The first material is dried in the inner cylinder by direct heating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for utilizing solar energy in a water and/or waste management system. At least one rotary chamber having a porous or perforated outer wall structure and an inner disposed filter is oriented within a drying structure having a transparent surface of substantial area for allowing solar radiation to be directed through the drying structure onto said rotary chamber. Water or waste material is directed into said rotary chamber, and free water drained therefrom, leaving a sludge like material within the interior of said rotary chamber. To effectuate drying, the rotary chamber is rotatively driven and solar energy in the form of heat is collected about the exterior of the rotary chamber and utilized to dry the interior sludge. At night and when available solar radiation is minimum, drying is achieved by conventional heating means.

Abstract: The rotatable dryer drum in a dehydrator for crop material is provided with a plurality of centrally disposed flighting panels for escalating turbulence in the material-entraining heated airflow passing through the drum as well as to increase the available heat transfer area, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of the dehydrator. The panels are supported in offset, thermally isolated relation to the sidewall of the drum by a series of elongate struts spaced along the length of the drum and extending between the sidewall and the panels such that the flighting resists thermal warpage and requires only a minimum amount of welding for installation. In preferred forms there is provided a dropout chamber adjacent the drum outlet for collecting material separated from the airflow, the chamber having a mechanical conveyor for bulk discharge of the collected material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for drying and pelletizing organic material such as animal waste, sewage and the like. The organic material is dried in two stages using a high temperature, rotating primary drying drum, and a lower temperature secondary louvred drying drum. The primary drum includes an inlet section and an outlet section. The inlet section includes a plurality of transverse chain curtains for increased heat transfer to the organic material, for breaking up the organic material and for cleaning the sides of the drum. The primary drum outlet section includes a plurality of vanes angularly attached to the inside of the drum to form an auger to retain the material in the drum until it is partially dried to a desired level. The organic material is then transported to the secondary louvred dryer. The louvred dryer includes an input section, an output section and a central pelletizing section formed by adjacent portions of the input and output sections.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for heating and removing moisture from moist or watery material, wherein a watery material is introduced into one end of a rotating cylindrical drum having a section divided into a number of longitudinally extending compartments including a center compartment and circumferential compartments surrounding the center compartment and each accommodating freely disposed packing members. A hot gas is blown axially through the drum while the packing members in the respective compartments are caused to tumble in contact with the watery material to transfer the sensible heat of the hot gas thereto.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in drying various kinds of finely divided materials utilizing microwave heating means for heating a rotating drum through which the material to be dried is drawn by suction. The apparatus includes means for separating the dried material from the air in which it is entrained during its travel through the drum.

Abstract: An improved rotating drum dryer and/or mixer for drying or mixing materials on a continuous basis is disclosed. The dryer and/or mixer includes a rotatable drum having an inlet end for receiving materials and a forced air burner for directing a stream of heated gases axially through the drum. A heat dispersing means such as an array of spaced deflecting bars is disposed downstream from the source of heated gases. The dispersing means provides the interior of the drum with a more uniform radial temperature distribution and minimizes the central high temperature zone normally associated with such drum dryers and/or mixers. Minimization of the central high temperature zone results in lowered production of smoke and other noxious emissions by an operating dryer or mixer.

Abstract: A new industrial laundry dryer-conditioner is provided, within a single module, that has continuous flow capabilities for integration with advanced industrial washing apparatus, of the continuous flow type, for continuously and automatically processing laundry items through both the washing and the drying cycles.