Abstract: An apparatus and a method for the contactless detection of vehicles via one or more magnetometers for measuring the geomagnetic field, in which at least one magnetometer includes a device for measuring the gravitational field.

Abstract: A method of using a directional sensor for the purposes of detecting the presence of a vehicle or an object within a zone of interest on a roadway or in a parking space. The method comprises the following steps: transmitting a microwave transmit pulse of less than 5 feet; radiating the transmitted pulse by a directional antenna system; receiving received pulses by an adjustable receive window; integrating or combining signals from multiple received pulses; amplifying and filtering the integrated receive signal; digitizing the combined signal; comparing the digitized signal to at least one preset or dynamically computed threshold values to determine the presence or absence of an object in the field of view of the sensor; and providing at least one pulse generator with rise and fall times of less than 3 ns each and capable of generating pulses less than 10 ns in duration.

Abstract: A handheld, portable device is used to facilitate inspection of vehicles, by wirelessly conveying an activation command to the vehicle to actuate a vehicle component, to facilitate inspection of the actuated component. The activation command is received by a wireless data link in the vehicle, which is electrically/logically coupled to either a switch that controls actuation of the component, an actuator configured to manipulate the component, and/or a vehicle processor configured to selectively convey an actuation command to the component. In some embodiments, in response to conveying the activation command, the handheld device enables the user to input a condition of the actuated component, which is added to an inspection record. In some embodiments, the handheld device sends a query to the vehicle, which results in the handheld device providing an indication to a user of each component in the vehicle that is capable of remote actuation.

Abstract: A parking assistance system for a vehicle includes multiple on-board cameras (11, 12, 13, 14) each configured to capture an image of a surrounding area of the vehicle, overhead image generating means (21) for joining the captured multiple images and generating an overhead image viewed from above the vehicle, and display means (22) for displaying the generated overhead image and a steering wheel turning frame corresponding to a steering wheel turning position at which steering wheel turning is performed on the way of reverse movement of the vehicle to a predetermined target parking position.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controlling engine restarting of a vehicle includes a hood opening recognition switch automatically on when a hood of the vehicle is opened and outputting a hood opening recognition signal; a front sensor installed on the front of the vehicle and outputting a sensing signal by sensing an object positioned with a predetermined distance in front of the vehicle; a determination unit verifying whether at least one of the hood opening recognition signal and the sensing signal is inputted in the state where an engine of the vehicle is off; and a setting unit setting a lock of restarting of the engine when it is verified that at least one of the hood opening recognition signal and the sensing signal is inputted.

Abstract: A parking meter receives data indicative of a remote payment being completed and displays an amount of time purchased by the remote payment for a parking session. The parking meter determines an amount of time remaining in the parking session and powers down at least a portion of a meter communication subsystem subsequent to receiving the data indicative of the remote payment being completed. The parking meter wakes up the powered down portion of the communication subsystem upon determining that the amount of time remaining is below a threshold time, and can receive an indication of additional time being paid for remotely, and can update the displayed time remaining to reflect the additional time.

Abstract: A display apparatus for a vehicle includes: a shooting element for shooting a predetermined area around the vehicle to obtain a shot image around the vehicle; an image conversion element for converting coordinates of the shot image to generate a mirror conversion image, wherein the mirror conversion image provides a first image of a first area around the vehicle reflected on an in-vehicle mirror, the first image being viewed from a passenger of the vehicle, and wherein the passenger sits down on a predetermined seat of the vehicle; and a display element for displaying the mirror conversion image.

Abstract: A method of identifying an intersection for a collision warning system is disclosed. The method includes steps of selecting an identified intersection where a driver intends to turn from a set of potential intersections. The collision warning system is then controlled according to the identified intersection.

Abstract: A meter-less remote parking monitoring system, incorporating a plurality of vehicle detector and Radio Frequency Identification Reader (RFID) units deployed in individual parking spaces; a plurality of Cellular Gateway Radios, each Cellular Gateway Radio being connected to one of said plurality of vehicle detector and Radio Frequency Identification Units; a Command and Control Server; the plurality of Cellular Gateway Radios being connected to said Command and Control Server via the internet.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein comprise a system and method for improving visibility of a roadway using an improved visibility system. The method comprising receiving data from a plurality of fog detectors located proximate a roadway and determining, based on the data from the plurality of fog detectors, that fog is present about the roadway. The method further comprising obtaining, after the determining that fog is present about the roadway, a plurality of images of the roadway by activating a plurality of cameras located proximate the roadway. The method further comprising creating a composite image by combining two or more of the plurality of images, wherein the composite image depicts the roadway unobstructed by fog and transmitting the composite image to a display device located in a vehicle traveling along the roadway.

Abstract: A method of using airport surveillance data to determine a location of a delay and an amount of time a vehicle is subjected to the delay during a movement of the vehicle between locations including obtaining a time-ordered sequence of data points representing the movement of the vehicle, creating a speed vector (sv) for each data point, replacing ground speed elements in the speed vector (sv) with a one when the ground speed element is less than a speed threshold, performing a spatial density test on each data point in a sequence of consecutive one entries, defining a starting and stopping index for a consecutive sequence of data points as a preliminary hold, determining whether to merge adjacent preliminary holds, determining a time duration of each preliminary hold and eliminating any preliminary hold having a time duration less than a predetermined time duration and outputting the results.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus suitable for recording a traffic signal violation at an intersection controlled by a traffic light is described. The image recording apparatus includes a first camera focused on the intersection, and a second camera focused on a first lane of a street leading to the intersection. A first control circuit is coupled to the first camera causes the first camera to capture a first image at substantially an instant of time that the traffic light indicates a change of traffic control status. The apparatus also includes a detection circuit to detect when a portion of a vehicle crosses a trigger location in the first lane after the change in traffic control status. A second control circuit coupled to the second camera causes the second camera to capture a close-up image of the vehicle in the event that the detection circuit detects the portion of the vehicle at the trigger location after a change in traffic control status.

Abstract: A method is described for providing assistance during a parking maneuver of a vehicle, in particular of a motor vehicle, into a parking space, the parking space and a boundary object located in the area of the parking space being detected by a sensor array while the vehicle is driving by the parking space. To further simplify the parking maneuver, a boundary object type is assigned to the detected boundary object, and parking information relating to the feasibility of a parking maneuver into the parking space is generated as a function of the assigned boundary object type and as a function of the position of the boundary object in the area of the parking space.

Abstract: Provided are an adaptive communication method and a sensor node for performing the same. The sensor node adaptively selects transmitted signal output strength and a wakeup zone of transmitted data based on a received signal strength indication of a control packet received from a sink node and existence of an obstacle acquired through a sensor, and transmits data based on the adaptive selection. Also, during an operation as a receive mode, the sensor node wakes up and determines whether to receive the data from the transmit node based on wakeup zone configuration information per sensor node received from the sink node and a wakeup zone selected by a sensor node currently operable as a transmit node.

Abstract: A method using airport surveillance data to output a location of a delay and an amount of time a vehicle is subjected to the delay during a movement of the vehicle between two locations, the delays being observed in the surveillance data as a knot of several data points. A first method is used to identify proposed knots based on distances between individual data points within the data. A second method is used to identify proposed knots based on the speed of the vehicle. Another method can be used to separate proposed knots have been incorrectly joined together. This method performs the separation by arranging the data points into a two-dimensional grid to form clusters of grid cells having data points. The location of the individual cells is then analyzed to determine whether clusters should be separated. Each of the remaining clusters defines a hold where the vehicle is delayed.

Abstract: A passive activator, used in combination with a vehicle sensing arrangement in a roadway, includes an electrically conductive material such as a wire mesh and placed inside or within a vehicle tire. The electrically conductive material portion forms a closed loop. The electrically conductive material portion may also include a protective layer or liner to prevent damage to the tire or to an inner tube of the tire. The passive activator causes sufficient disturbance of the electro-magnetic field to activate a vehicle detection sensor located in a roadway when a tire equipped with the passive activator passes over the roadway induction loop.

Abstract: A method using airport surveillance data to output a location of a delay and an amount of time a vehicle is subjected to the delay during a movement of the vehicle between two locations, the delays being observed in the surveillance data as a knot of several data points. A first method is used to identify proposed knots based on distances between individual data points within the data. A second method is used to identify proposed knots based on the speed of the vehicle. Another method can be used to separate proposed knots have been incorrectly joined together. This method performs the separation by arranging the data points into a two-dimensional grid to form clusters of grid cells having data points. The location of the individual cells is then analyzed to determine whether clusters should be separated. Each of the remaining clusters defines a hold where the vehicle is delayed.

Abstract: Method of detecting vehicles on at least one stretch of a carriageway implementing at least two types of detection chosen from: a video detection comprising a step of acquiring and processing the video images of at least one zone, termed the video monitoring zone, of the stretch of carriageway; an acoustic detection comprising a step of acquiring and processing the sound originating from at least one zone, termed the acoustic monitoring zone, of the stretch of carriageway; a radar detection comprising a step of emitting a microwave electromagnetic radiation towards at least one zone, termed the radar monitoring zone, of the stretch of carriageway and a step of acquiring and processing the microwave electromagnetic radiation reflected, and comprising at least one step of processing the results of the optical and/or sound and/or radar detections so as to deliver an item of information regarding the presence or absence of at least one vehicle.

Abstract: A method is provided for initiating a parking maneuver for parallel parking a vehicle between a first object and a second object. A target parking space is measured. A determination is made whether the measured target parking space is sufficient to allow an autonomous parallel parking maneuver. A region of feasible starting locations is determined to successfully perform the parallel parking maneuver between the first object and the second object if the available parking space is sufficient. A position of a midpoint of a rear axle is determined in relation to the designated region. A determination is made whether the midpoint of the rear axle is within the designated region. A driver of the vehicle is signaled in response to an instantaneous location of the midpoint of the rear axle vehicle being a feasible starting location to initiate the parallel parking maneuver.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus suitable for recording a traffic signal violation at an intersection controlled by a traffic light is described. The image recording apparatus includes a first camera focused on the intersection, and a second camera focused on a first lane of a street leading to the intersection. A first control circuit is coupled to the first camera causes the first camera to capture a first image at substantially an instant of time that the traffic light indicates a change of traffic control status. The apparatus also includes a detection circuit to detect when a portion of a vehicle crosses a trigger location in the first lane after the change in traffic control status. A second control circuit coupled to the second camera causes the second camera to capture a close-up image of the vehicle in the event that the detection circuit detects the portion of the vehicle at the trigger location after a change in traffic control status.

Abstract: A parking assist apparatus outputs display of a synthesized image of the periphery of a vehicle as a bird's-eye view image, and superimposes, on the synthesized image, turning guide lines based on the current steering angle of the vehicle and straight driving guide lines, along which the vehicle drives in a straight line after turning in accordance with the turning guide lines.

Abstract: A handheld, portable device is used to store data that indicates an operator was sufficiently close to each of a plurality of components during a safety inspection to actually inspect the components. The portable device includes a sensor that detects tokens, such as radio frequency identification tags, which are affixed adjacent to the components. Messages appearing on a display of the portable device prompt the operator to proceed to each checkpoint, determine a state of the component disposed there, and if the component is not operating properly, indicate a plurality of predefined conditions from which the operator can choose to identify the observed condition of the component. The state and condition of each component entered during the safety inspection are stored as data that are subsequently transferred to a remote data storage site over a wire or wireless link.

Abstract: A system configured for parking management in a parking facility, the system comprising a plurality of parking spaces, and a plurality of sensor units corresponding to the plurality of parking spaces, each of the plurality of sensor units being configured to detect a parking status of a corresponding one of the plurality of parking spaces and transmit a first message including the parking status of the corresponding one parking space in a wireless communication network.

Abstract: A motorcycle-detecting device according to the present invention is mounted on an automotive vehicle. The device includes ultrasonic sensors for detecting objects around the vehicle, a device for predicting that a motorcycle is approaching the vehicle, and a device for adjusting a detection distance and a detection sensitivity of the ultrasonic sensors. When the predicting means predicts a motorcycle approach, the adjusting device makes the detection distance longer than a normal distance and the detection sensitivity higher than a normal sensitivity. Illuminating devices may be mounted on the vehicle to make the motorcycle passing by visible. A warning may be given to a driver when a motorcycle passing by is actually detected by the sensors. Information regarding the detected motorcycle may be given to other vehicles. According to the present invention, the motorcycle passing by the vehicle is surely and stably detected to thereby avoid any traffic accident with the motorcycle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating a position and an orientation of a mobile robot. The apparatus includes: a ceiling image grabber for obtaining a ceiling image of an area where the mobile device travels; a mark detector for detecting a retro-reflective artificial mark from the ceiling image, the retro-reflective artificial mark including a first mark and a second mark, each including a non-reflective portion and an infrared reflective portion; and a position & orientation estimator for estimating a position and an orientation of the mobile device using a position of the artificial mark or encoder information according to whether detection of the artificial mark is successful.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that includes cameras encased in vandalism and weather resistant housings, which attach to the outside or inside of a tunnel. The cameras provide for overhead, side, front, and rear views of a vehicle as the vehicle approaches and enters the tunnel and as the vehicle exits and leaves the tunnel. In order to provide the views, the camera devices are strategically located at the entrance of the tunnel, at the exit of the tunnel, and within the tunnel. The cameras are attached directly to the structure of the tunnel or are attached to a frame that can be installed inside the tunnel or attached to the tunnel.

Abstract: At least one waveform characteristic of a vehicular sensor waveform is reported in a wireless vehicular sensor network. The vehicular sensor waveform results a vehicle's presence near a wireless vehicular sensor node. The waveform characteristic may be rising edge, falling edge, waveform duration and/or waveform midpoint of vehicular sensor waveform. Report transmission uses at least one wireless physical transport. Transmitting the report may initiate a response across the wireless physical transport, preferably from an access point, an acknowledgement of receiving the report. The transmitted report may be received by an access point in the wireless vehicular sensor network. The wireless vehicular sensor network may create any of a vehicular traffic report, a vehicular parking report, and/or a vehicular speeding report, based upon the received vehicular sensor waveform report.

Abstract: A detecting device for detecting moving target vehicles from a moving host vehicle, comprising a first detector means mounted to the host vehicle and aligned to a stationary target area for generating at least a first output representative of the stationary target area at least at a time T1, a second detector means mounted to the host vehicle and aligned to the stationary target area for generating at least a second output representative of the stationary target area at least at a time T2, and a control system to receive the first and second outputs and to compare the first output at T1 to the second output at T2 to identify any differences between the outputs, whereby a target vehicle moving in the stationary target area may be detected.

Abstract: Methods and systems for processing images corresponding to views external to a vehicle are disclosed. A system in accordance with one embodiment of the invention includes first and second signal receiving portions configured to receive a signal corresponding to an image of a view external to the vehicle and a speed of the vehicle, respectively. A signal processing portion can direct to a first display portion a first signal corresponding to the image and to a second display portion a second signal corresponding to the image, with the first and second display portions positioned at different locations of the vehicle. The second signal can be delayed by a time that corresponds at least approximately inversely to the speed of the vehicle. Accordingly, a viewer seeing both display portions can receive a visual indication that the vehicle is moving.

Abstract: An accessory (502) removably attached to a portable computing device (504) and handheld, portable readers (578, 141, 143, and 632) are used to generate and store data that indicate an operator was sufficiently close to each of a plurality of components during an inspection to actually inspect the components. The portable device includes a sensor that detects tokens such as radio frequency identification tags, which are affixed adjacent to the components. Messages appearing on a display and/or audible instructions from the portable reader prompt the operator to proceed to each checkpoint where the state of the component at that location is determined. The date, time and coordinates of each component's inspection (and optionally, the component's state) are included in the data produced by the portable reader. The data are temporarily stored in the portable reader and subsequently transferred to a remote data storage site.

Abstract: A lane monitoring system deployed on a vehicle is provided for monitoring the position of the vehicle relative to a lane in which the vehicle is traveling. The system comprises a front camera for capturing front lane image data relating to an area substantially to the front of the vehicle and a rear camera for capturing rear lane image data relating to an area substantially to the rear of the vehicle. A processor is coupled to the front camera and the rear camera and is configured to receive the front lane image data and the rear lane image data. The processor is further configured to determine the position of the vehicle relative to the lane boundary from (1) the front lane image data when the front camera is operational, and (2) the rear lane image data when the front camera is not operational and the rear camera is operational.

Abstract: A beam radiator that radiates visible light beams having a predetermined wavelength onto a road surface to inform drivers of other vehicles of the existence of a self-owned vehicle or to let a driver of the self-owned vehicle confirm a traveling path thereof is disposed in a front portion of a body of the self-owned vehicle. An optical filter is disposed substantially all over a windshield in front of a driver seat. The filter is designed to have a characteristic of being more permeable to light having wavelengths close to a wavelength of visible light beams radiated from the beam radiator 24 than to light having a wavelength different from those wavelengths. In this construction, the driver is prevented from finding it difficult to visually recognize a visible light pattern resulting from visible light beams radiated from the self-owned vehicle or another vehicle owing to sunlight or the like, and visual recognizability of the visible light pattern is enhanced.

Abstract: An intersection assistance system includes at least one vehicle sensor and a gap estimator. The vehicle sensor is configured to obtain vehicle information on vehicles approaching the intersection along a main roadway. The gap estimator is configured to estimate gap information relating to a gap between the vehicles based on the vehicle information. The gap information includes a length of the gap, a location of the gap, and a velocity of the gap. In a method of obtaining information for use in assisting a driver of an entering vehicle to safely enter an intersection, vehicle information is obtained on vehicles traveling toward the intersection on a main roadway. Next, gap information is estimated relating to a gap between the vehicles based on the vehicle information. The gap information includes a length of the gap, a location of the gap, and a velocity of the gap.

Abstract: A lane deviation alarm system is comprised of a forward-observed-point calculating section that calculates a forward observed point by multiplying a vehicle speed of a host vehicle and an anticipated deviation time; a forward-observed-point lateral-displacement calculating section that calculates a lateral displacement at the forward-observed-point, on the basis of a yaw angle and the forward-observed-point; a lane deviation tendency determining section that determines whether the host vehicle is in a lane deviation tendency, on the basis of the forward-observed-point lateral-displacement; and a criteria changing section that changes a criteria for determining a lane deviation tendency of the host vehicle, on the basis of a detecting condition of the lane defining line.

Abstract: An engine block heating system for a vehicle and the associated method of its operation. The engine block heating system has an electrical heating element that is coupled to the vehicle's engine. A power cord is provided for supplying electricity to the electrical heating element from a source external to the vehicle. A sensor is provided for detecting whether or not the power cord is connected to the vehicle. A disruption switch is coupled to both the starting circuit of the vehicle and the sensor. The disruption switch disrupts the starting circuit of the vehicle when the sensor detects that the power cord is connected to the vehicle. As such, the vehicle cannot be started when the power cord of the engine block heating system is attached to the vehicle.

Abstract: An event detection and storage system comprising: a vehicle detection device connected to an input vehicle, a traffic sign red light detector, a registered vehicles monitoring array, a control module that manipulates an infraction film in association with the registered vehicles monitoring array, a video capture device that supplies images to the control module, and reception device connected to the radar, an excess speed alert device, and a semaphore control connected to an output port, the system being configured in such manner that during the operation thereof there is generated the film such that when an event occurs, there is obtained a film of the moments that preceded the event, during the event and after the event. The invention also discloses an event detection method using the above system.

Abstract: A parking area control and management system employs a card reader, which reads identification information from a card commonly carried by a person, such as a driver's license or credit card. A record is made of the identification information upon entrance of a vehicle into the parking area. The person may subsequently leave the parking area on foot and regain entry to the parking area by presenting the same card. Later, the same card is used to exit the parking area, via the vehicle, and to validate that the same person is leaving with the vehicle. The parking area control and management system also includes sensors, such as loop detectors and electric eyes, to determine if a second vehicle or a pedestrian follows behind a vehicle entering into, or exiting from, the parking area.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus is disclosed for recording traffic signal violations such as a traffic light signal changing to a red light. The apparatus includes a capturing unit for capturing a first image substantially at an instant of time that a control signal changes its status and a storing unit for storing the first image at least temporarily. The apparatus includes a detecting unit for detecting presence of a vehicle or object beyond a location at which the vehicle or object is required to stop in response to the change in status and a device responsive to the detecting unit for recording a first image in the event that the detecting unit detects presence of the vehicle or object beyond the location. The apparatus may include a deleting unit for deleting the first image in the event that the detecting unit does not detect presence of the vehicle or object beyond the location.

Abstract: A system and method of automatically controlling vehicle headlamps including an image sensor and a controller to generate headlamp control signals.

Abstract: The positions of an object on the sideward position of a vehicle are detected at prescribed time intervals. An expected locus of the object is computed on the basis of the positions of the object detected at the prescribed time intervals. An expected locus of the vehicle is also computed. It is determined whether or not there is a danger of collision on the basis of both the expected loci of the object and the vehicle. In this configuration, a periphery monitoring apparatus can be proposed which is capable of determining the danger of collision on the basis of the mutual movements of the vehicle and object.

Abstract: The present invention provides a protective maintenance service system capable of raising an alarm for the replacement of a part when the degradation of an inspection required part reaches the prescribed criteria of replacement. Of the respective inspection required parts stored in the vehicle inspection parts database for the respective vehicles stored in the vehicle database provided by a business unit in advance, the time of part replacement is determined on the basis of the data detected by a part condition sensor for a part having a part condition sensor, and on the basis of the time, which is obtained from the service life compensated with an actual service environment, for a part without a part condition sensor.

Abstract: An automatic garage door system includes a controller. The controller receives information on the vehicle's position from a vehicle parking unit. When the automatic system is on, the system determines if the garage door is open via a garage door position sensor. When the garage door is open, the controller signals a remote interface unit located inside the house to indicate that the garage door is open. The vehicle parking unit determines if a car is entering or leaving the garage. When no vehicle is entering or leaving the garage, the garage door is automatically closed after a predetermined time interval. When a vehicle is entering the garage, the vehicle's position is monitored by the vehicle parking unit, which displays the vehicle position information to the vehicle driver with a visual parking indicator.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for sensor signal prediction and for improving sensor signal response time, is disclosed. An adaptive filter or an artificial neural network is utilized to provide predictive sensor signal output and is further used to reduce sensor response time delay.

Abstract: A system for assisting the traffic safety of vehicles for improving the visibility, including a camera monitoring the road of an oncoming lane of a vehicle making a right turn at an intersection; a display board placed at a position above the road leading up to the intersection in a manner visible to the driver of the vehicle; a control device for control so that the image of the road obtained by the camera is displayed on the display board, a near infra-red illumination unit for illuminating the road so as to enable an image of the road to be obtained by the camera and so as not to temporarily blind the drivers of the vehicles on the road, an image recognizing device for recognizing an object moving on the road approaching the intersection based on the image of the road obtained by the camera, a radar for emitting a radar wave to an object moving on the road approaching the intersection to obtain information on the position and speed of the moving object from the reflected wave, and a vehicle-mounted voice o

Abstract: An apparatus of the invention includes a device for triggering a camera to photograph a vehicle within a traffic intersection, where the triggering of the camera is dependent on the speed of the vehicle before entering the intersection and may also be dependent on presence information. The device includes a sensor system (or “sensor array”) to transmit signals corresponding to a moving vehicle and a control system for processing the signals and triggering the camera. The signals preferably include “position signals” from which a transit time can be calculated, and “presence signals,” from which presence information can be obtained, particularly the location of the rear of the vehicle or the location of the rear wheels of the vehicle. A trigger time for taking a picture of the vehicle may be calculated from the transit time.

Abstract: A traffic management systems, combining different monitoring capabilities, beginning with standard WIM (Weigh in Motion) systems for axle weight measurements, combined with tire pressure monitoring in motion and suspension monitoring in motion, whereby for all three specialties, novel road embedded force measuring sensors are used, partly for force measurement and partly for switching operation upon touching the edge of the sensors by the onrolling tire, whereby all possible combinations of the three specialties are within the scope of the invention.

Abstract: A system for correlating the route of travel of an emergency vehicle with a railroad crossing by, when the crossing is blocked, sensing the presence of a train and communicating between the railroad crossing, police stations, fire stations, and an emergency vehicle dispatch center.

Abstract: An apparatus of the invention includes a device for triggering a camera to photograph a vehicle within a traffic intersection, where the triggering of the camera is dependent on the speed of the vehicle before entering the intersection and may also be dependent on presence information. The device includes a sensor system (or "sensor array") to transmit signals corresponding to a moving vehicle and a control system for processing the signals and triggering the camera. The signals preferably include "position signals" from which a transit time can be calculated, and "presence signals," from which presence information can be obtained, particularly the location of the rear of the vehicle or the location of the rear wheels of the vehicle. A trigger time for taking a picture of the vehicle may be calculated from the transit time.

Abstract: A vehicle detectors with at least one inductive loop is used as a sensor. An oscillator circuit comprises a fixed-frequency oscillator, which is directly connected to one of the inductive loops' two terminals, for purposes of exciting said loop. In addition, a phase/amplitude controller is arranged between the fixed-frequency oscillator and the other terminal, which forms a summation point of the inductive loop to deliver a compensation signal that is derived from the transmit signal in an amplitude-controlled and phase-controlled manner. The inductive loop, the fixed-frequency oscillator and the phase/amplitude controller form a bridge circuit in which (with reference to the resulting voltage at the summation point) the transmit signal and the compensation signal add up to zero in the resting state of the inductive loop. A detection signal for the presence of a vehicle in the detection range of the induction loop is derived from a voltage at this summation point which deviates therefrom.

Abstract: A lane change detecting system includes an emission unit for emitting a predetermined signal, the emission unit being provided in a boundary between lanes of a road so that the predetermined signal emitted by the emission unit is affected by a mobile body which crosses the boundary between the lanes, a receiving unit which is provided in the boundary between the lanes for receiving the predetermined signal emitted by the emission unit and outputting a receiving signal corresponding to the received signal, and a determination unit for determining, based on a state of the receiving signal from the receiving unit, whether a mobile body crossed across the boundary between the lanes.