Abstract: A phased array antenna module for use in the gigahertz bandwidth. The module includes a metallic core with a pair of chip carrier assemblies secured to opposite sides of the core. The core has an internal waveguide with a signal splitter for directing electromagnetic wave energy evenly to the two chip carrier assemblies. A flexible, cylindrical connector assembly electrically couples the chip carrier assemblies to an aperture board. The aperture board includes a plurality of dipole antenna radiating elements. The module core is coupled directly to a cold plate. A direct thermal path is created between the chip carrier assemblies, the module core and the cold plate for highly efficient cooling of the electronic components on the chip carrier assemblies.

Abstract: A device for modifying electromagnetic illumination of a reflector aperture defined by a reflector surface is mounted in front of the reflector aperture in a spaced apart relationship relative to the reflector surface. The device at least partially covers the reflector aperture and provides an illumination control means for at least partially and selectively modifying electromagnetic illumination of the reflector aperture. The device may include a membrane-like substrate that is substantially transparent to electromagnetic radiation. A supporting member may support the substrate in the spaced apart relationship relative to the reflector surface.

Abstract: A hexagonal array structure of a dielectric rod for shaping a flat-topped element pattern (FTEP) is provided. The hexagonal structure of dielectric rods forming a flat-topped element pattern (FTEP) includes: a center element for forming a unit radiation pattern of the FTEP through an electromagnetic wave mutual coupling by receiving a polarization signal of a basic mode; a plurality of first ring elements arranged at vertexes of a regular hexagon based on the center element for forming the unit radiation pattern by electromagnetic wave mutual coupling with the center element and an electromagnetic wave; and a circular waveguide array supporting unit for supporting the center element and the plurality of first ring elements.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus in which a combination of rectangular waveguides 9a and 10a and a combination of rectangular waveguides 9b and 10b are disposed bilateral symmetrically to each other, and a waveguide orthomode transducer 13 is disposed above a waveguide orthomode transducer 8 is provided. Therefore, the profile of the antenna apparatus can be reduced and the stability of installation of the antenna apparatus can be improved without impairing the electric characteristics of the antenna apparatus. Since the antenna apparatus has a bilateral symmetric structure, it excels in weight balance and offers stable performance from the viewpoint of mechanism.

Abstract: A millimeter wave (MMW) antenna array includes a continuous transverse stub (CTS) radiating aperture comprising a set of spaced continuous transverse stubs, each having a longitudinal extent. A series feed system is coupled to an excitation source for exciting the stubs with MMW electromagnetic energy having a linear phase progression along the longitudinal extent of the stubs to produce an array beam which can be scanned over a beam scan range by changing the excitation frequency.

Abstract: An antenna concept for radiating intense, high power electromagnetic fields in the RF regime without electrical breakdown. The invention accomplishes this with high aperture and power efficiency, high gain, and in a geometry that is compact and conformal to a planar or curved surface. The antenna concept is compatible with standard rectangular waveguide feeds, or other hybrid transmission line geometries.

Abstract: A slim television broadcast receiver employing antennas in which a waveguide is formed by a metallic plate and a copper foil on a printed circuit board. An insulating magnetic element is loaded so as to block one of a pair of aperture planes of the waveguide, and the aperture area is enlarged by beveling the other aperture plane. Tuning elements are provided on opposed sides with respect to the center part of the other aperture, which antennas are placed on opposed side ends of the slim television broadcast receiver, thereby performing electronic tuning and phase synthesis diversity reception.

Abstract: A phased array antenna is made up of linear arrays. Each of the linear arrays has a printed circuit board spine. Split waveguides are formed from two symmetrical portions conductively joined to ground on opposite sides of the printed circuit board spine. Planar transmission line-to-waveguide transitions are mounted on the printed circuit board spine within the split waveguides. Phase shifter/TTD devices are mounted on the circuit board spine within the split waveguides for steering the phased array antenna beam. Bias and control circuitry is etched on the circuit board spine for biasing and controlling the phase shifter/TTD devices. The phased array antenna may be made up of the linear arrays combined into a two-dimensional array and fed with a waveguide feed or a printed feed manifold attached to the printed wiring board spine.

Abstract: A multi-beam antenna system is described herein that can be used in microwave frequency applications between 1 GHz and 100 GHz. The multi-beam antenna system covers four 90° sectors for full 360° coverage. Each 90° sector is covered with at least 1 narrow steerable transmit (TX) and 1 narrow steerable receive (RX) beam. The beams are steered in the azimuth dimension.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vehicle mountable satellite antenna as defined in the claims which is operable while the vehicle is in motion. The satellite antenna of the present invention can be installed on top of (or embedded into) the roof of a vehicle. The antenna is capable of providing high gain and a narrow antenna beam for aiming at a satellite direction and enabling broadband communication to vehicle. The present invention provides a vehicle mounted satellite antenna which has low axial ratio, high efficiency and has low grating lobes gain. The vehicle mounted satellite antenna of the present invention provides two simultaneous polarization states. In one embodiment, an inverted L-shaped waveguide has a first wall extending vertically downward from a top surface. The top surface can include a ridge portion. The top surface includes a plurality of radiating elements for forming a radiating surface.

Abstract: A phased array antenna includes a substrate, and dipole element arrays extending in concentric rings about an imaginary center point on the substrate. Each dipole element array includes dipole antenna elements arranged in an end-to-end relation and having a dipole size different than a dipole size of dipole antenna elements of at least one other dipole element array. A ground plane is adjacent the dipole element arrays, and a spacing between the dipole element arrays and the ground plane is different between the dipole element arrays having different size dipole antenna elements.

Abstract: A sector antenna apparatus mounted on a vehicle has a casing, in which six horn antennas having apertures over an angular range of 180 degrees and extending radially are accommodated. The proximal ends of the horn antennas are connected to an antenna changeover switch. A portion of the horn antennas which emits beam radiation in the forward and backward direction and diagonal direction of the vehicle have large apertures, and a portion of the horn antennas which emits beam radiation to the right and left of the vehicle have a small aperture. Thus, the required antenna characteristics, such as angular resolution, beam width, antenna gain, are achievable in the required direction.

Abstract: An isolation shield improves the F/B ratio for a directional antenna radiating a electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of ?XMT with a TE20 mode waveguide. The system includes a directional antenna and a waveguide adapted for attachment to one side of the directional antenna. The waveguide defines a channel spanning and positioned adjacent to the side of the directional antenna. The channel has a width and depth that are functions of ?XMT. The waveguide excites a null in the E-field within the channel. The null being adjacent to the edge of the directional antenna and thereby improving the F/B ratio of the directional antenna.

Abstract: A multiband phased array antenna includes a substrate, and dipole element arrays extending outwardly from an imaginary center point on the substrate. Each dipole element array includes dipole antenna elements arranged in an end-to-end relation and having a dipole size different than a dipole size of dipole antenna elements of at least one other dipole element array. A ground plane is adjacent the dipole element arrays and has a different spacing therefrom in an outward direction from the imaginary center point. The different spacing between the ground plane and the dipole element arrays increases from the imaginary center point towards an edge of the substrate.

Abstract: A phased array antenna system having a corporate waveguide distribution network stripline printed circuit board. The stripline printed circuit board receives electromagnetic (EM) wave energy from a 1×4 waveguide distribution network input plate and distributes the EM wave energy to 524 radiating elements. The stripline circuit board enables extremely tight spacing of independent antenna radiating elements that would not be possible with a rectangular air filled waveguide. The antenna system enables operation at millimeter wave frequencies, and particularly at 44 GHz, and without requiring the use of a plurality of look-up tables for various phase and amplitude delays, that would otherwise be required with a rectangular, air-filled waveguide distribution structure. The antenna system can be used at millimeter wave frequencies, and in connection with the MILSTAR communications protocol, without the requirement of knowing, in advance, the next beam hopping frequency employed by the MILSTAR protocol.

Abstract: A planar array antenna comprising at least two groups of radiating elements, the two groups being arranged on one plane and connected to one coupling point respectively by means of one transmission network respectively. A wave guide configuration connects the coupling points to a common central coupling point. The E field vectors of the electromagnetic waves directed into the wave guide configuration are oriented parallel to the flat sides of the planar array antennae.

Abstract: A phased array antenna having a low profile (approximately ? wavelength) wide bandwidth (approximately 50%). The invention teaches making such an antenna using open channel resonators and monopole wave launchers. The wave launchers may conveniently be made on circuit card assemblies with strip lines that mimic coaxial cable monopole wave launchers. The channel resonators may be made in sections that are soldered to the circuit card assemblies. The circuit card assemblies have plated through holes that trace the edges of the resonator sections to provide electrical continuity.

Abstract: When a converter 14 is rotated via a rotation mechanism 17, the arrangement inclination angle of two primary radiators 15a and 15b can be adjusted in the range of 0 to 20 deg. with respect to an axis which is in parallel with the ground. Also the reception polarization angle due to probes of the primary radiators 15a and 15b can be adjusted in the range of 0 to 20 deg. while maintaining a preset difference in polarization angle among the satellites. Therefore, the arrangement inclination angle of the primary radiators 15a and 15b for respectively receiving signals from the two satellites, and the reception polarization angle in the primary radiators 15a and 15b can be simultaneously easily adjusted by rotating the converter 14 via the rotation mechanism 17.

Abstract: A parallel plate septum polarizer used in low profile, dual polarized, antenna applications such as satellite communications from a moving vehicle. The polarizer allows a wide waveguide to be fed from two thinner waveguides. Each thin waveguide operates with one propagating mode. These modes have the same field structure, wave velocity and wave impedance. Three waveguide modes can propagate in the wide guide. Two modes are desirable and are used to transmit or receive dual polarized signals. They have different field structures, wave velocities and impedances. The polarizer allows each mode in the thin guides to couple to both the desired modes in the wide guide. At the same time there is very little coupling with each other and with the undesired third mode in the wide guide. There is also very little reflection of the incident modes from the polarizer junction.

Abstract: A portable communication device has an antenna configuration that allows to form various different antenna directivity configurations. In particular, a control device discriminates between a transmitting state and a receiving state of the communication device. As based thereon, it effects various non-uniform selection patterns among the directivity configurations.

Abstract: When manufacturing waveguides, for example densely located waveguide channels, for electromagnetic waves such as microwaves, the channels are produced from rod-shaped bodies (1) of a material permeable to the waves and non significantly attenuating the waves. The bodies (1) can for example project from a base plate (3) and their side surfaces are coated with electrically conducting material but not their free end surfaces (5). The interior of the bodies form the waveguide channels, which have their walls formed from the layer of electrically conducting material. By giving the rod-shaped bodies suitable shapes for example an antenna side or half of a waveguide antenna can be manufactured. The rod-shaped bodies can before applying the electrically conducting material be coated with one or several layers of non-attenuating and non-conducting lacquer filling pores and smoothing the surface of the bodies.

Abstract: A dual circular polarization waveguide (24) is described which has a septum (36) which divides the waveguide (24) into two separate compartments (38, 40) each with a probe (30A, 30B) passing through the end wall (32) of the waveguide (24) into the compartment (38, 40) to detect respective signals in each of the compartments (38, 40). The septum (36) is proportioned and dimensioned to convert the left and right circularly polarized signals, into substantially linearly polarized signals as the signals pass along the waveguide (24) past the septum (36) so as by the time the signals reach the probes (30A, 30B) they are linearly polarized. The probes (30A, 30B) which pass through the rear wall (32) of the waveguide (24) are oriented such that they couple into the magnetic field of the primary or fundamental waveguide mode.

Abstract: A multiple-beam antenna is provided which is capable of receiving radio waves from two satellites by one down converter and readily adjusting a polarization displacement due to a locational difference in receiving areas. Probes for vertically and horizontally polarized waves are inserted to two circular waveguides corresponding to signals from two satellites. One end of each probe is bent to have an angle for adjustment of the polarization displacement where it is installed. The other end of each probe is mounted on a board of a down converter via a through hole.

Abstract: A method for producing an antenna for a radiocommunications apparatus entails that the antenna is injection moulded in a two-shot method. The antenna will then form a continuous piece of at least two different materials. A first material, which is configurationally stable and electrically insulating, and a second material, which is electrically conductive, are employed. An antenna for a radiocommunications apparatus is produced from at least two different materials by injection moulding. The first material is configurationally stable and electrically insulating, while the second material is electrically conductive.

Abstract: A conformal phased array antenna and associated method of repairing the antenna are provided. The antenna has individual subassemblies or line replaceable units such that the antenna can be repaired without completely removing the entire antenna. The antenna generally includes a planar antenna subassembly including an array of RF modules disposed in a reference plane. The antenna also typically has a contoured waveguide subassembly including a contoured aperture honeycomb structure. The contoured aperture honeycomb structure defines a number of passages that are in communication with respective RF modules. The exterior surface of the contoured aperture honeycomb structure that faces away from the planar antenna subassembly is contoured such that at least portions of this surface are at an oblique angle with respect to the reference plane. This contoured surface may advantageously be shaped to match the contour of the surface of the structure to which the antenna is mounted.

Abstract: The invention relates to a planar array antenna comprising at least two groups of radiating elements, the two groups being arranged on one plane and connected to one coupling point respectively by means of one transmission network respectively. A wave guide configuration connects the coupling points to a common central coupling point. The E field vectors of the electromagnetic waves directed into the wave guide configuration are oriented parallel to the flat sides of the planar array antennae.

Abstract: A sector antenna apparatus mounted on a vehicle has a casing, in which six horn antennas having apertures over an angular range of 180 degrees and extending radially are accommodated. The proximal ends of the horn antennas are connected to an antenna changeover switch. A portion of the horn antennas which emits beam radiation in the forward and backward direction and diagonal direction of the vehicle have large apertures, and a portion of the horn antennas which emits beam radiation to the right and left of the vehicle have a small aperture. Thus, the required antenna characteristics, such as angular resolution, beam width, antenna gain, are achievable in the required direction.

Abstract: A satellite is linked to a number of gateways by a number of feeder links. When a degraded link is detected among the feeder links, communications are switched from the degraded link to a diversity link shared among the feeder links. In one embodiment, said diversity link is connected to a diversity gateway located outside a service area of the satellite. In another embodiment, the diversity link comprises channels distributed among the feeder links within the service area.

Abstract: A phased array antenna having a low profile (approximately ⅛ wavelength) wide bandwidth (approximately 50%). The invention teaches making such an antenna using open channel resonators and monopole wave launchers. The wave launchers may conveniently be made on circuit card assemblies with strip lines that mimic coaxial cable monopole wave launchers. The channel resonators may be made in sections that are soldered to the circuit card assemblies. The circuit card assemblies have plated through holes that trace the edges of the resonator sections to provide electrical continuity.

Abstract: An antenna formation device/method has been developed to create variable shaped antennas using predetermined interference patterns to expose and develop a photoresist layer that is etched on a substrate to form the structure corresponding to the desired variable shaped antenna.

Abstract: Each of a first minute radiation pattern and a second minute radiation pattern is provided on a first circuit board so as to be inclined electrically by about 45° from the respective axial lines of a first probe for vertically polarized waves and a second probe for horizontally polarized waves. The first minute radiation pattern is approximately perpendicular to a phase conversion portion of a first dielectric feeder, and the second minute radiation pattern is approximately parallel with a phase conversion portion of a second dielectric feeder. The phase conversion portion of the first dielectric feeder is longer than that of the second dielectric feeder.

Abstract: A dual band, higher and lower frequency range transducer with a circular coaxial waveguide feed is described having a first junction for connection of a lower frequency range outer waveguide of the coaxial waveguide feed to at least two rectangular or ridge waveguides offset from the longitudinal axis of the transducer and a second junction for connection of the at least two rectangular or ridge waveguides to a further waveguide. A third junction is provided for connecting an inner waveguide of the coaxial waveguide feed to a higher frequency range waveguide. The transducer comprises at least first and second parts joined across a first plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and including at least a portion of the higher frequency range waveguide extending within the first plane of the join. A seal such as an “O” ring seal may be placed easily in the plane of the join thus preventing moisture ingress.

Abstract: A device for heating relatively wide planar materials is formed by at least two parallel waveguides. Each waveguide has an opening that forms a single opening for a planar material. The planar material is propelled in a direction parallel to the propagation of an electronic wave. If each waveguide is kept in TE mode, heating is uniform across the planar material. Power splitters, septums, tuning stubs, and impedance matching can be used to control the heating in each waveguide.

Abstract: A conformal phased array antenna and associated method of repairing the antenna are provided. The antenna has individual subassemblies or line replaceable units such that the antenna can be repaired without completely removing the entire antenna. The antenna generally includes a planar antenna subassembly including an array of RF modules disposed in a reference plane. The antenna also typically has a contoured waveguide subassembly including a contoured aperture honeycomb structure. The contoured aperture honeycomb structure defines a number of passages that are in communication with respective RF modules. The exterior surface of the contoured aperture honeycomb structure that faces away from the planar antenna subassembly is contoured such that at least portions of this surface are at an oblique angle with respect to the reference plane. This contoured surface may advantageously be shaped to match the contour of the surface of the structure to which the antenna is mounted.

Abstract: A phased array antenna system including a plurality of metal, column-like elements formed adjacent the RF probes for improving the electrical performance of the system. In one embodiment a hole is formed in a multi-layer, probe-integrated printed wiring board of the system and metal material is plated thereon to fill the hole. The metal, column-like elements are each disposed generally in between associated pairs of the RF probes. The metal, column-like elements essentially form metal pins that improve the return loss bandwidth, probe-to-probe isolation, insertion loss bandwidth, higher order mode suppression and cross-polarization generation.

Abstract: A phased array antenna system formed from an antenna-integrated printed wiring board for performing the functions of a waveguide impedance matching layer, a honeycomb support structure, RF antenna probes, DC logic and RF distribution. The printed wiring board construction of the present invention significantly reduces the number of component parts required to form a phased array antenna assembly, as well as simplifying the manufacturing process of the antenna assembly. The antenna-integrated printed wiring board is formed from an inexpensive, photolithographic process to create a single part (or optionally a two part) structure for performing the above-listed functions.

Abstract: An antenna array comprises a substrate; a plurality of projecting, tapering structures disposed in an array and attached to a first major surface of said substrate, the plurality of projecting, tapering structures defining a plurality of waveguides therebetween; and a plurality of box-shaped structures disposed in an array and attached to a second major surface of the substrate, the plurality of box-shaped structures defining a plurality of waveguides therebetween, the plurality of waveguides defined by the plurality of projecting, tapering structures aligning with the plurality of waveguides defined by the plurality of box-shaped structures. The substrate includes a plurality of probes for feeding the plurality waveguides.

Abstract: A system and method for calibrating a phase array antenna using a near-field probe and focused null and a signal coherent with the beam received or transmitted at the null location of the probe. In the transmit mode, a base-band phase comparator circuit is established by locating the first probe at the angular location of the null and the first probe measures the field at the null while an offset phase reference probe, or second probe, measures the field at one of the sum peaks of the difference lobes as the reference. In the transmit mode, the method uses the pattern characteristics of the difference pattern to allow direct measurement of the phase reference by the second probe that is located at one of the sum peaks of the difference pattern. In the receive mode, the signal source provides the reference and the second probe is not necessary.

Abstract: When manufacturing waveguides, for example densely located waveguide channels, for electromagnetic waves such as microwaves, the channels are produced from rod-shaped bodies (1) of a material permeable to the waves and non significantly attenuating the waves. The bodies (1) can for example project from a base plate (3) and their side surfaces are coated with electrically conducting material but not their free end surfaces (5). The interior of the bodies form the waveguiding channels, which have their walls formed from the layer of electrically conducting material. By giving the rod-shaped bodies suitable shapes for example an antenna side or half of a waveguide antenna can be manufactured. The rod shaped bodies can before applying the electrically conducting material be coated with one or several layers of non-attenuating and non-conducting lacquer filling pores and smoothing the surface of the bodies.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) power distribution network includes a block assembly having integrated therein a network of waveguides and a plurality of waveguide power dividers. The block assembly has an input waveguide and N output waveguides. The waveguides and waveguide power dividers form a waveguide network for dividing the power of an RF signal present at the input waveguide among the N output waveguides. The RF distribution network can be adapted for use as a feed network for phased array antenna systems.

Abstract: A microwave antenna for use in a sectorized cellular communication system comprises a wide-flare pyramidal horn having two pairs of opposed flared side walls. At least one of the two pairs of opposed walls has corrugated interior surfaces. The length of the horn and the flare angle of the walls having the corrugated interior surfaces are selected to produce a ratio &Dgr;e/&lgr; greater than 1.5, where &Dgr;e/&lgr;=[&agr;/(2/&lgr;)] tan (&agr;e/2) is the spherical-wave error of said horn, &lgr; is the free space wavelength of the microwave signals to be transmitted by said antenna, &agr; is the horn's aperture width, and &agr;e the half-angle of the horn in the horizontal plane.

Abstract: A waveguide array antenna is composed from a number of open waveguides lying in one plane on the radiation side, of which a part is fed on the reverse side thereof, while the other ones are closed off. On the radiation side there is provided at least one two-layer structure, integrated with the open waveguides and consisting of a dielectric layer and a perforated, electrically conductive layer, in which two-layer structure, together with the layer or the face on which this two-layer structure has been provided, a periodically repeating electromagnetic resonance pattern can be generated in parallel directions relative to said face, of which the energy, outputted via the perforations, forms a transmission beam.

Abstract: An integrated dual-directional feed horn, for receiving RF signals from two satellites in small angle, includes a LNBF (first low noise block with integrated feed) and a second LNBF. The antenna dish focus the received RF signals onto receipt points of the focus plane, and the two LNBFs receive focused RF signals. The first LNBF receives circular polarized waves from the BSS satellite. The second LNBF receives linear polarized waves from the FSS satellite. One characteristic of the invention relies on integrating two LNBFs and making the two LNBFs adjacent to each other in the direction of short axis. Accordingly, the two LNBFs receive RF signals from two satellites in small angle. Increasing the length of the long axis thereof increases the areas of the wave-guides. The signal gain and communication quality are obtained.

Abstract: A waveguide network has a first port and a plurality of second ports connected to a two dimensional rectangular array of antenna elements. The second ports and antenna elements are oriented in a fixed direction. The waveguide network includes at least three successive sets of junctions and bends including a first set connected to the first port and a last set connected to the second ports. The junctions and bends in each set are all E-plane junctions and E-plane bends or are all H-plane junctions and H-plane bends, and successive sets alternate between a set of E-plane junctions and E-plane bends and a set of H-plane junctions and H-plane bends. The bends in at least one set lead in the fixed direction, and the bends in at least one other set, not including the last set, lead in a direction opposite to the first direction. Preferably, the waveguide bends in each set, other than the first set and possibly the last set, lead in a direction opposite to the bends in the previous set.

Abstract: An antenna system that employs an antenna element for both transmit and receive functions, where a dual band polarizer is used to convert linearly polarized signals to circularly polarized signals and vice versa for two frequency bands. The dual band polarizer includes a waveguide including corrugated structures extending from opposing sidewalls, where ridges in the structures extend perpendicular to the propagation direction of the signal. The height of the ridges taper from a lowest height at the ends of the waveguide to a largest height at the middle of the waveguide. The corrugated structures interact with the field components of the signal in the direction perpendicular to the ridges that cause that component to be delayed relative to the field components parallel to the ridges so that the signal changes accordingly and maintains the same magnitude.

Abstract: The invention concerns an array of radiating elements. A first plurality of antenna elements in a first plane in an array configuration is configured for operating on a first band of frequencies. A second plurality of planar antenna elements in an array configuration is configured for operating on a second frequency band, the second plurality of antenna elements is also positioned in the first plane. A first effective ground plane is provided for the first plurality of antenna elements and a second effective ground plane is provided for the second plurality of antenna elements. A first spacing between the first plurality of elements and the first effective ground plane is different from a second spacing between the second plurality of elements and the second effective ground plane. According to one embodiment, the second plurality of elements are adjacent to one another in a unitary cluster that is disposed within the first plurality of elements.

Abstract: A directional coupler includes two non-radiative dielectric lines, each formed by a dielectric strip between flat conductive surfaces placed substantially parallel to each other, such that the two non-radiative dielectric lines are close to each other. The main transmission mode of electromagnetic waves at the frequency used is an LSE mode, the electromagnetic waves being propagated in the non-radiative dielectric lines. Therefore, the insertion loss due to mode switching in the coupling portion of the primary line and the secondary line which form the directional coupler can be reduced, and leakage of the electromagnetic waves from the gap between the primary line and the secondary line of the directional coupler when they are separated from each other can be suppressed.

Abstract: Each of a first minute radiation pattern and a second minute radiation pattern is provided on a first circuit board so as to be inclined electrically by about 45° from the respective axial lines of a first probe for vertically polarized waves and a second probe for horizontally polarized waves. The first minute radiation pattern is approximately perpendicular to a phase conversion portion of a first dielectric feeder, and the second minute radiation pattern is approximately parallel with a phase conversion portion of a second dielectric feeder. The phase conversion portion of the first dielectric feeder is longer than that of the second dielectric feeder.

Abstract: In a satellite broadcast reception converter, probes are equipped in a circular hole formed in a first circuit board, and plural fixing holes are formed around the circular hole. Snap pawls are formed at the open ends of the waveguides formed of sheet metal. The respective snap pawls are inserted in the fixing holes of the first circuit board so as to project to the back surface side of the first circuit board, and the fixing holes of the short caps are snapped into the snap pawls, whereby the first circuit board 6 is pinched and fixed between the waveguides and the short caps.

Abstract: A side-mounting waveguide including a satellite down converter and a receiving horn antenna connected to the satellite down converter is characterized in that a circuit board of the satellite down converter is located at one side of the receiving horn antenna such that a transverse plane of the circuit board is in parallel with a direction in which the receiving horn antenna extends, and that a plastic rod is plugged into an opening of the receiving horn antenna to provide enhanced wave converging ability. With the side-mounting waveguide, the spacing between two adjacent satellite down converters and accordingly two adjacent receiving horn antennas is effectively reduced to correspond to the reduced angle contained between two satellites.