Abstract: Circularly polarized directional antennas and methods of fabrication are provided. An antenna comprises conductive elements above a conductive reflector. The conducting elements are spaced radially outward from the center axis. The elements may be spaced equidistantly about each other or may be spaced between 10 and 80 degrees apart. The elements may be straight or curved. The elements may be a parallel to the reflector or may curve away or toward the reflector. The lengths and widths of each conductive element are adjusted to create or receive a circularly polarized wave of particular rotation based on the location in the element system. The elements are located within a printed circuit board that is bonded to a coaxial cable feedline placed above a metallic reflector. Each conducting element comprises a metallic wire.

Abstract: An antenna array and a user equipment (UE) including the antenna array. The antenna array includes a plurality of unit cells. Each unit cells includes first and second patches, phase shift transmission lines, a third patch, and a transmission line. The first and second patches radiate at a first frequency band and positioned in a first plane of the antenna array. The phase shift transmission lines connect the first and second patches and shift a phase of a signal between the first and second patches. The third patch is positioned in a second plane of the antenna array and beneath the first patch and radiates at a second frequency band that is lower than the first frequency band. The transmission line excites at least the third patch.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inductive antenna formed from at least two pairs of segments (32, 34) geometrically butted together and each comprising first (322, 342) and second (324, 344) parallel conductors insulated from each other, each pair having, at each end, a single terminal for the electrical connection of its first conductor to that of the neighboring pair, in which said pairs are of a first type (3), in which the conductors are interrupted approximately at their mid-points so as to define the two segments, the first (respectively second) conductor of one segment being connected to the second (respectively first) conductor of the other segment of the pair, or of a second type, in which the first conductor is interrupted approximately at its mid-point so as to define the two segments, the second conductor not being interrupted.

Abstract: Embodiments provide single-sided and multi-layered circular polarized, self-contained, compound loop antennas (circular polarized CPL). Embodiments of the CPL antennas produce circular polarized signals by using two electric field radiators physically oriented orthogonal to each other, and by ensuring that the two electric field radiators are positioned such that an electrical delay between the two electric field radiators results in the two electric field radiators emitting their respective electric fields out of phase. Ensuring the proper electrical delay between the two electric field radiators also maintains high efficiency of the antenna and it improves the axial ratio of the antenna.

Abstract: A radio communications device includes a base unit having an enclosure and a radio system inside the enclosure. The device also includes an antenna unit detachably connected to the enclosure of the base unit. The antenna unit includes one or more antennas, each having an electrical radio frequency (RF) connection to the radio system via a non-conductive coupling through the enclosure.

Abstract: A dipole antenna includes a substrate, a first conductive slice and a second conductive slice. The substrate has a first surface, a second surface and a first conductive hole. The second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface, and the first conductive hole passes through the first surface to the second surface. The first conductive slice is disposed on the first surface and has a feeding point. The second conductive slice is disposed on the second surface and has a ground point. The first conductive slice and the second conductive slice are disposed interlacedly and electrically connected to each other via the first conductive hole. The total length of the first conductive slice, the second conductive slice and the first conductive hole has to match the operating frequency of the dipole antenna.

Abstract: An integrated resonator and dipole for generation of high power directional RF energy.

Abstract: A radio communications device includes a base unit having an enclosure and a radio system inside the enclosure. The device also includes an antenna unit detachably connected to the enclosure of the base unit. The antenna unit includes one or more antennas, each having an electrical radio frequency (RF) connection to the radio system via a non-conductive coupling through the enclosure.

Abstract: A broadband antenna system is disclosed. The antenna system relates to a modified conical structure, wherein the feed region of the cone is cut away to form a hollow “coneless” cylinder, and the distribution of one or more tapered feed points around the circumference of the cylinder allows a plurality of feed lines, cables, piping, or other structures to be run through the center of the antenna without interfering with the performance of the antenna system. The invention further relates to a stacked broadband antenna system wherein additional coneless elements, as well as other types of antennas or devices, may be stacked collinearly on, or disposed coaxially to, the cylindrical antenna structure, and fed, powered or operated via the plurality of feed lines, cables, piping or other structures. The overall system may thus provide a wide range of transmitting, receiving, sensing and other capabilities.

Abstract: A lossless broadband dipole antenna of length L having three collinear parts including a central part and two external parts. The parts are separated by slits, with a first feeding point for the antenna being located at a first end of one of the external parts nearest the slits, and a second feeding point being located at a second end of the other external part nearest the slits. The two feeding points of the antenna at the slits are arranged at a distance d from each other along the length L of the antenna, d/L being chosen such that d L = 0.37 ± 0.04 .

Abstract: An antenna assembly is provided for mounting on a predetermined support structure positioned on a surface, the support structure having a peripheral edge at an elevated position above the surface. The antenna assembly includes an antenna and a support for supporting the antenna at an elevated position above the surface when mounted on the support structure. The support is adapted to support the antenna at a sufficient height above the surface to provide a direct path for electromagnetic radiation from at least a portion of the antenna to a position on the surface external of the peripheral edge of less than or equal to about 4.5 meters from substantially any point on the peripheral edge, or to a position on the surface at a point positioned 3 meters from the front of the support structure and 3 meters from a side of the support structure.

Abstract: A module for receiving one or more electromagnetic waves moving along a path in a direction of propagation. The module includes a first electrically conductive strip disposed in a first pattern and a second substantially electrically conductive strip disposed in a second pattern. The first and second strips are positioned substantially parallel to each other and spaced apart, and are electrically connected to each other. The first and second patterns are substantially opposite to each other, so that current passing through the first and second strips generates respective electromagnetic fields which are substantially opposed to each other. The first strip is positionable in the path of the electromagnetic wave and substantially transverse to the direction of propagation, to provide a protected region from which said at least one electromagnetic wave is substantially excluded.

Abstract: An asymmetric flat dipole antenna includes a first radiating body, a second radiating body, and a conductivity element. The first radiating body has a first frequency radiator, at least two second frequency radiators, and a first electrically connecting part. The second radiating body also has a first frequency radiator, at least two second frequency radiators, and a second electrically connecting part. In the first and second radiating bodies, the first frequency radiator and the second frequency radiators are extended from a side of the first electrically connecting part or the second electrically connecting part. The first frequency radiator is neighbored on the second frequency radiators. The first frequency radiator and the second frequency radiators of the second radiating body are extended from the second electrically connecting part and have the extended direction reversed to the first radiating body.

Abstract: A hooked stub collinear array antenna formed from a single conductor. The antenna operates at a design frequency having an associated wavelength. The antenna includes a plurality of radiating elements that are substantially one half the wavelength. The radiating elements are aligned with a longitudinal axis of the antenna. The antenna further includes a delay element connected between each of the plurality of radiating elements. The delay element is aligned with a transverse axis approximately ninety degrees from the longitudinal axis. The delay element extends approximately one quarter of the wavelength from the longitudinal axis and adjacent delay elements of a plurality of delay elements are sequentially rotated at 90 degree intervals relative to each other about the longitudinal axis. The total length of the delay element is approximately one half the wavelength.

Abstract: A dual band and broadband flat dipole antenna comprises a first radiating body, a second radiating body, and a conductivity element. The first radiating body has two first frequency-radiating parts, two second frequency-radiating parts, and a first electrically connecting part. The first and second frequency-radiating parts are extended from a side of the first electrically connecting part. The second frequency-radiating parts are disposed between the first frequency-radiating parts. The second radiating body similar to the first radiating body has two first frequency-radiating parts, two second frequency-radiating parts, and a second electrically connecting part. The first and second frequency-radiating parts are extended from a side of the second electrically connecting part with the direction reversing to the extending direction of the first radiating body.

Abstract: A multiple frequency band antenna includes a dipole antenna (4a), which is formed of two dipole antenna elements (8a, 10a). Two extension elements (24a, 26a) extend outward from respective ones of opposed outer ends of the dipole antenna (4a). The length of the dipole antenna (4a) is determined to make the multiple frequency band antenna capable of receiving radio waves in the UHF band, and the sum of the lengths of the dipole antenna (4a) and the extension elements (24a, 26a) is determined to make the multiple frequency band antenna capable of receiving radio waves in the VHF band. PIN diodes (28a, 34a) are connected between the respective extension elements (24a, 26a) and the respective outer ends of the dipole antenna (4a).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a collinear antenna structure. The structure comprises a dipole antenna, a coil, and a set of stacked radiator, wherein the length of the dipole antenna is ½&lgr;, the ground end and the signal end of the dipole antenna are connected to a coaxial cable, the length of the cable line is less than ¼&lgr;, one end of the cable line is connected in series to the top of the signal end, wherein the stacked radiator comprising at least two parallel radiators in series, the length of each radiator is ½&lgr;, the distance between the two radiators is about 1.0 to 4.0 mm, one of the stacked radiator is axially connected in series to the other end of the coil, thus forming the structure of the antenna.

Abstract: A parallel fed colinear dipole array antenna for broadcasting and receiving a signal of a selected wavelength. The antenna comprises a plurality of elongate dipole antennas attached end-to-end in a linear array. A power divider divides and transmits a signal in parallel to each of the dipole antennas. The linear spacing of the dipoles is correlated with the dimensions of the dipoles and the selected wavelength, such that the signals of the dipole antennas interfere with each other when broadcast, so as to focus signals which propagate substantially perpendicularly to the linear array, and to diminish other signals.

Abstract: A printed conductive mesh dipole antenna, and a method of use of the antenna. The printed dipole antenna includes a dielectric substrate 12 and a conductive mesh 14 formed of a plurality of symmetric shapes 18 printed on the dielectric substrate. Each of the symmetric shapes is coupled to at least one other of the shapes, and placed periodically on the dielectric substrate proximate to at least one other of the shapes. The periodic placement of the shapes forms a symmetric pattern of a conductive mesh on the dielectric substrate. The antenna is preferably part of a cellular or cordless telephone handset.

Abstract: A steerable dipole array including a plurality of end loaded electrically short dipole antenna sections arranged along a common longitudinal axis. The antenna sections include active transmit/receive modules with a common DC power line used to power the modules being used as part of the radiating system while for maintaining DC continuity in the DC power line. The DC power line includes a pair of capacitively coupled electrical conductors extending in an axial direction adjacent the antenna sections and having RF chokes formed therein located adjacent the outer end portions of the antenna sections for reducing the mutual coupling between the electrical conductors and dipole antenna sections.

Abstract: Antenna systems employing multiple linear polarization antennas that have capacitively loaded magnetic dipoles and that are magnetically coupled to generate a circular polarization. In a first embodiment of the present invention, two intersecting linearly polarized antennas elements are arranged to obtain a circular polarization. In a second embodiment, a first linearly polarization antenna is placed orthogonally to a second linearly polarization antenna where a single active feed excites the first linearly polarization antenna.

Abstract: A direction-finding antenna constructed from polymer composite materials which are electrically conductive is shown with the polymer composite materials replacing traditional metal materials. An inherent advantage of replacing metal materials is significantly lower radar reflectivity (radar cross section) and lower weight. The reduced radar reflectivity reduces the range of detectability of the antenna by possible adversaries. Despite significantly lower radar reflectivity, the antenna assembly has direction-finding characteristics which are essentially equivalent to traditional metal antennas.

Abstract: A single element, multi-frequency dipole antenna including two substantially equal arm sections of conductive material extending co-axially in a straight line in opposite directions from each other, each arm section being a mirror image of the other arm section throughout its entire length, each arm section including at least two contiguous shorter sub-sections of j.sub.1, j.sub.2, . . . j.sub.n lengths, wherein j.sub.1 represents the length of the innermost sub-section, sub-sections terminated by discontinuities wherein j.sub.1 represents the 1/4 wavelength of the highest resonant frequency and each consecutive-integer sequence of j sub-sections represent the 1/4 wavelength of lower resonant frequencies.

Abstract: A sectionalized electromagnetic antenna formed of a plurality of co-linear stacked dipole sections. Each of the sections includes a plurality of co-linear conductor elements for conducting an electrical current. A phasing section is disposed between the conductor elements to shift the phase of current through the adjacent conductor element. A connector fitting is located at each end of each of the sections for detachably mechanically and electrically connecting one of the sections to another of the sections. Sections may be added or removed from an antenna of the present invention to obtain a desired gain, radiation pattern or overall length.

Abstract: Tunable high-frequency antenna which has, over its length dimension, a number of built-in switches by means of which antenna sections are defined and frequency tuning takes place through antenna length matching by disconnecting and connecting said antenna sections. The antenna comprises a pair of parallel wire conductors, incorporated in series with the switches, which form a dipole antenna and which are used both for the high-frequency antenna current conduction and for feeding the switches. The antenna is provided at its central feed point with a control circuit for the frequency tuning. Each switch is formed by a bistable relay with an associated drive circuit which no longer requires power after switching, the disconnected antenna sections with the switches associated thereto being electrically isolated from the remaining part of the antenna after completion of the length matching.

Abstract: In a printed circuit embodiment, dielectric boards in a multilayer arrangement have their ends protruding from a ground plane. Sets of printed dipole elements are disposed along the edge of each board. Each set of dipole elements has three feed ports. Bandpass filters are provided for each feed port. Phase shifters are coupled to each of the feed ports through its respective bandpass filter. At the low band, the outer feed ports are shorted by the filters so that the two sections of dipole elements to the left of the center feed port form one lone band dipole arm, and the two sections of dipole elements to the right of the center feed port form the other low band dipole arm. The low band dipole is driven at the center feed port. At the high band, the center feed port becomes an open circuit so that the two sections to the left thereof form one high band dipole, and the two sections to the right thereof form a second high band dipole. The two outer feed ports drive the dipole array at the high band.

Abstract: The antenna represents colinearly arranged half-wave dipoles. On the side of each final half-wave dipole is a quarter-wave dipole. The connection between the dipoles is alternately capacitive and inductive each providing a phase shift within the range of from 60 to 120 electrical degrees. The terminal of the antenna is asymmetrically deduced from the free end of one of the final half-wave dipoles and the adjacent end of the nearby quarter-wave dipole. This antenna can be used in reception and transmission of electromagnetic energy and shows a considerably increased gain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dipole antenna for monitoring electromagnetic radiation fields over an extended frequency range with essentially flat characteristics. The dipole antenna includes two arms, each of which is divided into two or more conducting elements. In one arm, a relatively low resistance is connected in series between the segments, and in the other arm, a relatively large resistance is connected in series between the segments.

Abstract: A collinear dual dipole antenna is split into two sections which are connected by a central conductor extending in spaced parallel relation within hollow support mast sections, and forming an effective transmission line providing RF continuity at a high band frequency f, and discontinuity at a low band frequency 1/2 f. The configuration provides a dual band antenna operating in either band from a single source without filtering and without modification of the antenna. In the high frequency band, the antenna operates as a dual dipole array. In the low frequency band, the antenna operates as a single dipole array with each mast section and its respective dipole acting as half of the single dipole array.

Abstract: An antenna comprising a metal panel on which are mounted two parallel collinear dipole arrays spaced on the order of a half-wavelength from each other. Each dipole array is of the order of 9 wavelengths long and is fed at its center. Half way between the two collinear arrays is mounted a zigzag antenna with its center located half way between the centers of the collinear arrays which may be staggered with respect to each other. The two collinear arrays are fed in the same relative phase with each other. The zigzag antenna and the dipole array may be fed from different sources operating at different frequencies or they may be fed from the same source and phased to radiate circularly polarized waves. A plurality of the panel antennas may be mounted around a metal cylinder to serve as an omnidirectional antenna. A square tower may serve as the metal cylinder. Several levels of one to four antennas may be mounted on a square tower depending on the shape of the area to be served.

Abstract: An antenna comprising a collinear array of "thick" and "thin" elements selected to produce a given current distribution so that when the antenna is vertically polarized a circular horizontal plane pattern and a highly directional vertical plane pattern are produced which has a single principal lobe directed generally at the horizon.

Abstract: This disclosure deals with a three-element unit array (or stacked groups of the same) that enables the use of very large length-to-diameter dipole elements to cover broad frequency bands, greater than 2:1 in frequency ratio, by novel feed structures exciting the element gaps.

Abstract: This invention comprises an antenna array of collinear, end-fed dipoles spaced substantially less than one-quarter wavelength from the reflector. Consecutive dipoles are energized through phasing loops with the end dipole energized by a coaxial feeder or by one of the two output ports of a balun. A radome with a helically wound resistance heating wire is used to protect the array from the elements. Means comprising the addition of small auxiliary radiators at one of the ends of each dipoles are provided to reduce radiation polarized perpendicular to the axis of the array.