Abstract: A concentrator (11) coupled to a wired network (13) also acts as a master device relative to each of a plurality of ad hoc wireless communication networks (15), thereby permitting wireless communication devices in the ad hoc networks to access the wired network. The concentrator utilizes antenna array processing and beamforming techniques when communicating with the devices of the various networks, in order to advantageously reduce communication interference between the networks.

Abstract: An planar ultra wide bandwidth (UWB) antenna that provides integration of electronics is disclosed. The antenna has a first balance element that is connected to a terminal at one end. A second balance element is connected to another terminal at one end. The second balance element has a shape that mirrors the shape of the first balance element such that there is a symmetry plane where any point on the symmetry plane is equidistant to all mirror points on the first and second balance elements. Each of the balance elements is made of a generally conductive material. A triangular shaped ground element is situated between the first balance element and the second balance element with an axis of symmetry on the symmetry plane, and oriented such that the base of the triangle is towards the terminals. Accordingly, the ground element and each of the balance elements form two tapered gaps which widen and converge at the apex of the ground element as the taper extends outwardly from the terminals.

Abstract: An energy transfer system is disclosed. The system includes patch elements, shielding layers, and energy rectifying circuits. The patch elements receive and couple radio frequency energy. The shielding layer includes at least one opening that allows radio frequency energy to pass through. The openings are formed and positioned to receive the radio frequency energy and to minimize any re-radiating back toward the source of energy. The energy rectifying circuit includes a circuit for rectifying the radio frequency energy into dc energy. A plurality of energy rectifying circuits is arranged in an array to provide a sum of dc energy generated by the energy rectifying circuit.

Abstract: A patch antenna apparatus with a simple structure can obtain an improved desired projection area in accordance with a projection space. The patch has a dielectric substrate with a grounding conductor on its bottom surface. On the dielectric substrate is formed at least one conductor patch having a first feeding point for producing resonance in parallel to the X-axis at a predetermined resonance frequency and a second feeding point for producing resonance in parallel to the Y-axis at the resonance frequency. A controller for a power distributing and combining circuit controls each of radio signals of the resonance frequency fed to the first and second feeding points so as to change at least one of the amplitude and phase thereof.

Abstract: An antenna includes a radiation conductor unit constructed with a plurality of radiation conductors having different lengths which extend in parallel to each other from an electricity-supplying conductor and a grounded conductor unit which opposes said plurality of radiation conductor in an approximately parallel manner with a predetermined distance therebetween. The radiation conductor unit and the grounded conductor unit are contained in an insulating casing constructed by a pair of cases which is fixed to each other. The casing is provided with a plurality of projections for positioning the radiation conductor unit and the grounded conductor unit.

Abstract: The invention relates a printed bi-polarization acrial comprising first, second and third superimposed substrate lates (1, 2. 3); a first metal deposit (4), situated on the external face of said first substrate plate (1) which defines at least one first radiating element (5, 6) of the dipole type, in the form of a T, the horizontal bar of said T being constituted by two radiating lateral strands separated by a coupling slit; a first power supply line (7) pursuant to a first polarization, situated between said first and second substrate plates (1, 2) and supplying power to said at least one first radiating element (5, 6); a second metal deposit (8).

Abstract: An internal dipole bowtie/meander antenna for a mobile terminal is capable of operating in two distinct RF bands. The antenna includes a resonating element and a ground element positioned on opposite sides of a dielectric material. The dielectric material is positioned generally perpendicular to a ground plane of the antenna. Tuning elements may be added to vary the coupling of the antenna elements to the ground plane.

Abstract: A broadband partial fan cone direction finding antenna and array disclosed. The antenna includes a radiator having a partial cone shape. The radiator substantially occupies a spatial area defined by a portion of a cone and the cone is defined by a cone axis, a cone height, and a cone angle. The cone has a base and an apex, and the portion of the cone is defined by a cone sweep angle. The cone sweep angle is determined as the angle subtended by a projection of the portion of the cone projected onto a plane that is perpendicular to the cone axis. The cone sweep angle is less than 360° so that the portion of the cone is bounded on its sides by edges which extend radially from the apex of the cone outward to the base of the cone.

Abstract: In a mobile communication system, each base station is provided with an array antenna, a section for estimating the respective directions of one or more mobile stations with which the base station is in communication, based on estimated incoming directions of radio waves received from these mobile stations, and sections for operating on respective signals of the antenna elements constituting the array antenna such as to shape the radiation pattern of the antenna to form peaks of directivity which are oriented in the estimated directions of these mobile stations, and can include a capability for shaping these peaks in accordance with estimated positions of these mobile stations, thereby minimizing interference between transmissions from that base station and communication being executed between other adjacent stations of the system, and minimizing the number of different transmission frequencies required in the overall system.

Abstract: The invention relates to active repeaters for transmission systems used in mobile telephony. The active repeater comprises an antenna constituted by a plurality of juxtaposed radiating elements which are grouped together in two separate identical matrix arrays, amplification paths for connecting each radiating element of one array to the radiating element of the other array having the same matrix position, with each amplification path having identical gain and phase shift so that the wave received by the first array at an angle of incidence &thgr; is retranmsitted by the second array as a wave having an angle of incidence &bgr; such that &thgr;=&bgr;. The invention is applicable to mobile telephone systems.

Abstract: A hybrid geostationary and low earth orbit (LEO) ground station antenna provides a geostationary receive antenna (30) which generates a narrow receive antenna beam for use with geostationary satellites. The ground station antenna can be either manually positioned so that the normal boresight of the antenna is directed toward the geostationary satellite serving the subscriber, or may be positioned using a cradle (170) which provides motion in the pitch, roll, and yaw axes. The ground station antenna also includes a LEO receive antenna (40) and a LEO transmit antenna (50) which receive which communicate with LEO satellites by way of wider beam, lower gain antenna beams. The geostationary receive antenna (30) is used in conjunction with the LEO satellites and during operations which involve communication with both types of satellites.

Abstract: An antenna comprising the following members are provided: a first board-shaped dielectric material; a cylindrical member, provided on one face of the first board-shaped dielectric material, in which a part of a side wall may be cut off; plural second board-shaped members provided as radiating on the outer surface of the cylindrical member, one end face of each second board-shaped member being in contact with the surface of the first board-shaped dielectric material; and plural sets of plural pole members perpendicular to the surface of the first board-shaped dielectric material, made by forcing out corresponding portions of the first board-shaped dielectric material, the sets radiating from the outer surface of the cylindrical member and the plural pole members in each set being arranged in a line, and each set existing between two positional directions of the adjacent two second board-shaped members.

Abstract: This array antenna with anti-jamming in reception for radioelectrical or ultrasound waves is provided with radiating elements fitted out individually or in groups with amplitude-controlled and phase-controlled passive or active modules enabling aiming at transmission as well as at reception by analog beam-forming. It possesses a reception anti-jamming circuit carrying out successively two reduced, adaptive computational beam-forming operations, one in elevation which is performed on a grouping, in horizontal alignments, of the reception signals of the radiating elements and working on the reception signals by modifying the settings of the controlled modules and the other in relative bearing, performed on a grouping, in vertical alignments, of the signals of the radiating elements that which it phase-shifts and adds up to form a reception channel for the total antenna.

Abstract: A broadband array antenna which delivers an axisymmetric main lobe. The antenna includes patches arranged with an interruption of periodicity in one of the planes and is corner-fed by tree like feed lines from a central point of energization. Opposite each path is a parasitic element for broadening the band. This device can be used in particular with measurement radar.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dipole array antenna that is particularly useful at UHF and microwave frequencies. In an exemplary embodiment, the antenna is comprised of two dipole radiating elements--a driven dipole of length L1 and an unfed element closely spaced from the driven element, of length L2. The ratio L1/L2 is at least 1.1, and may be optimally set at about 1.3. Preferably, at a reference frequency in which VSWR is minimum, the length L2 of the unfed element is less than 0.45 wavelengths, and optimally, is in the range of 0.39-0.42 wavelengths, with dipole spacing in the range of 0.07 to 0.11 wavelengths at the reference frequency. Advantageously, the antenna exhibits a low VSWR in a 50 ohm system over an operating frequency band, whereby a matching network can be avoided. High gain and front-to-back ratio is also realizable while antenna size is kept small.

Abstract: Cellular antenna systems are provided for airship-type support at a position in the stratosphere. A single antenna system (20) may provide cellular communication for earth-based users located anywhere within a circle 400 miles in diameter (10). By use of array assemblies (21a) each providing 12 side-by-side beam positions per quadrant, with higher and lower elevation beams (32a', 36a') at each beam position, coverage can be provided for 96 cells arranged side-by-side in inner and outer annular bands (10). A turnstile-type antenna (26) provides coverage for a 97th central circular cell. By allocation of available groups of cellular frequencies in repetitive patterns around the outer annular band (1-6, FIG. 1), with frequency reuse in offset positions around the inner annular band, 16 times frequency reuse is provided while maintaining acceptable co-channel interference levels.

Abstract: A phased antenna array includes conductive stubs integrated with at least one of the radiators of the array. The conductive stubs form a ground plane for the array. Preferably, each horizontally polarized radiator of the array has a plurality of conductive stubs integrated therewith. Voids between adjacent radiators and conductive ground stubs may be filled with a conductive material to provide electrical contact therebetween. Conductive stubs on opposing faces of adjacent radiators are preferably interlocking. Advantageously, the conductive stubs are triangular.

Abstract: A compact broadband microstrip antenna for mounting to one side of a ground plane comprises a closed (usually circular) array of antenna elements positioned to one side of a substrate for spacing the antenna elements a selected distance above the ground plane, the antenna elements being adapted to be electrically driven out of phase from one another to excite one or more spiral modes. In another form, a compact microstrip antenna comprises one or more antenna elements positioned to one side of a magnetic substrate for spacing the antenna elements a selected distance from a ground plane, the magnetic substrate being chosen to have a relative permittivity which is roughly equal to its relative permeability. In a third form, a microstrip antenna is adapted for operating in a single mode and radiation from other modes is suppressed by varying the spacing above the ground plane in the radiation zones so that only radiation in the desired mode is fostered.

Abstract: An optical waveguide (34) is formed in a substrate (32) made of an electro-optic material. A plurality of stripline electrodes (36) are formed on the substrate (32) in spaced relation along the optical waveguide (34). A stripline antenna (38) is connected to the upstream end of each electrode (36). An electromagnetic waveguide (40) directs an electromagnetic signal to the antennas (38), which couple the electromagnetic signal to the electrodes (36). The electromagnetic signal propagates along the electrodes (36) and electro-optically modulates an optical signal propagating parallel thereto through the optical waveguide (34).

Abstract: A microstrip antenna array for use at millimeter wave frequencies for radiating and receiving a broadside beam of energy in which a first symmetric edge-fed array has its radiating elements physically interleaved with the radiating elements of a center-fed array. Using this configuration, the antenna performance remains relatively stable over both temperature and frequency.

Abstract: A flat antenna particularly suited for mounting to a briefcase as part of a cellular telephone. The antenna has a radiator conductor and ground-plane conductor spaced from each other and mounted at right angles on an insulating support, preferably cardboard. The cardboard also serves as a mounting structure for a cable having two conductors, one soldered to the ground-plane conductor and a second soldered to the radiator. The flat structure is mounted in a panel of a carrying case and the cable is routed to a suitable transceiver.

Abstract: A directional detector of changes in a local electrostatic field comprising two parallel flat coils of copper wire, separated by an electrically grounded plane rectangular conductor that is coated on both sides with an insulator, and associated signal conditioning electronics has been constructed. The combination of coils and plane rectangular conductors forms two independent wideband antennas which, when placed in an unobstructed electromagnetic radiation field, have induced in them electric currents of equal peak-to-peak values. When the combination was brought near an ungrounded body, such as a person standing on an insulator to earth, a coupling of high frequency potentials of the ungrounded body and the nearest coil occurred, while the coil farthest away from the body, due to the presence of the electrically grounded plane rectangular conductor, was unaffected.