Abstract: A method comprising receiving sensor data from a sensor, obtaining image data from a graphical effects shader based on the sensor data, blending the image data with a plurality of application surfaces to create a blended image, and transmitting the blended image to a display. The method may further comprise blending a color image with the blended image in response to a reduction in ambient light. Also disclosed is a mobile node (MN) comprising a sensor configured to generate sensor data, a display device, and a processor coupled to the sensor and the device display, wherein the processor is configured to receive the sensor data, obtain image data generated by a graphical effects shader based on the sensor data, blend the image data with an application surface associated with a plurality of applications to create a blended image, and transmit the blended image to the display.

Abstract: A computing system includes a video source to provide a video stream and a virtual desktop server. The virtual desktop server includes a media application to provide media streaming that includes the video stream and an overlay on the video stream. An accelerated content redirection module redirects a portion of the media streaming by providing a placeholder to indicate positioning geometry of the video stream within a media window, with the placeholder to include the overlay. Providing the placeholder includes providing a first color for an underlay of the placeholder at a first time, and providing a second color for the underlay of the placeholder at a second time. A geometry tracking module detects the placeholder and determines positioning geometry associated therewith, and determines a color and an alpha blending factor of the overlay based on calculations involving the first and second colors for the underlays of the placeholder.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide an apparatus that includes interface circuitry and processing circuitry. The interface circuitry is configured to receive signals carrying metadata for visual track composition from multiple visual tracks. The visual track composition includes alpha compositing, and can include spatial compositing and background compositing. The processing circuitry is configured to parse the metadata to extract configuration information for the visual track composition. Further, the processing circuitry receives a first sample from a first visual track and a second sample from a second visual track, and combines the first sample with the second sample to generate a composite sample based on the configuration information for the visual track composition.

Abstract: A technology of preventing feeling of a viewer on brightness from significantly changing when content is switched is provided. A video display device (1) includes a calculation unit (23) that calculates video feature relating to a display video, and a mute video display unit that displays a mute video posterior to a first display video, in which luminance of the mute video is luminance corresponding to a value of the video feature relating to the first display video.

Abstract: A technology of preventing feeling of a viewer on brightness from significantly changing when content is switched is provided. A transmitting device (1) includes a calculation unit (12) that calculates a video feature of a transmission video signal, and a mute video generation unit (13) that generates a mute video posterior to a first video signal, in which luminance of the mute video is luminance corresponding to a value of a video feature relating to the first video signal.

Abstract: A laser projection display device (1) includes a laser source (5), a laser driver (4) that drives the laser source, a scanning unit (7) that scans and projects laser light generated by the laser source, a liquid crystal element (14) that transmits the laser light at a predetermined transmittance, and a liquid crystal driver (17) that changes the transmittance by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal element. When a light quantity of the laser light generated by the laser source corresponds to a case in which the laser source operates in a nonlinear area, the laser driver shifts an operation point to an area other than the nonlinear area by increasing a driving level of the laser source by a predetermined amount G, and the liquid crystal driver decreases the transmittance of the liquid crystal element by a predetermined amount 1/G.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light and display content integration method, applied to a display device. The display device is an integrated screen, comprising a display area and a light area. The light area is illuminated by an LED array located behind the display area and around a periphery of the display area. The method is configured to integrate, according to an input signal, display content of the display area and a display status of the LED array. The LED array comprises a plurality of light assembly units. The display area is partitioned into a plurality of video regions according to the amount of the light assembly units, and each of the video regions corresponds to one of the light assembly units. The present invention controls, according to different input signals, an output of a corresponding light signal and display signal by analyzing a type of the input signals.

Abstract: An image display apparatus is disclosed. The image display apparatus includes a display panel, a backlight unit including a plurality of light sources to output light to the display panel, an image receiver to receive multiple images from a plurality of image sources, and a controller to perform control to display the multiple images received from the image receiver and to independently perform local dimming on each of the multiple images according to multiple image display input, and thus performs local dimming for each multiple image during display of the multiple images.

Abstract: The invention discloses a method for editing propagation of video and image content based on local feature structure preservation, comprising: mapping all pixels in the input original image and/or video key frames to a selected feature space; finding K nearest neighbor pixels for each pixel according to feature vectors' Euclidean distance in the selected feature space; using Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) dimension reduction to construct the locally linear relationship between each pixel and its K nearest neighbor pixels in the selected feature space; According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately perform such image or video processing as automatic color transformation, interactive color editing, gray image colorization, video cloning and image matting.

Abstract: A method for color grading input video data for display on a target display comprises obtaining target display metadata indicative of a capability of the target display, obtaining input video data metadata indicative of image characteristics of the input video data, automatically determining initial values for parameters of a parameterized sigmoidal transfer function, at least one of the initial values based at least in part on at least one of the target display metadata and the input video data metadata and mapping the input video data to color-graded video data according to the parameterized transfer function specified using the initial values.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to methods and systems for fitting a mesh to an image of a document page and correcting a distortion in the image of the document page using the mesh. A rectangular-form mesh may be overlaid on a displayed document image. Corner points in the rectangular-form mesh may be moved to coincide with corner points of a document page in the displayed document image, and a corner-aligned mesh may be overlaid on the displayed document image. A cubic Bezier curve may be fit to the top edge of the document page, a cubic Bezier curve may be fit to the bottom edge of the document page and an edge-aligned mesh may be overlaid on the displayed image. An inverse projective transformation may be applied to the patches of the mesh to correct the distortion in the image of the document page.

Abstract: The described embodiments comprise a system that adjusts pixel values to produce visual effects in a frame to be displayed. During operation, the system receives coordinates and pixel-adjustment values for one or more control points within the frame. Next, the system calculates pixel-adjustment values for pixels in the frame based on the coordinates and the pixel-adjustment values for the one or more control points. The system then applies the pixel-adjustment values to the pixels within the frame and displays the frame.

Abstract: Apparatus and systems utilizing fixed point filtering to perform floating point texture filtering. A texture pipe unit consisting of a texture addressing unit, texture cache unit, and texture filter unit accepts texture requests for a specified pixel from a resource and returns formatted bilinear filtered results based on the specific pixel's corresponding four texels. The texture filtering unit consists of a pre-formatter module, interpolator module, accumulator module and a format module. The pre-formatter module accepts texel data in a floating point or fixed point format. However, if the data is in a floating point format the pre-formatter module converts the floating point data into a normalized fixed point data format whereby the interpolator module may perform its bilinear interpolator functions using standardized fixed point systems and apparatus without necessitating the use of floating point arithmetic units.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide an effective keypad assembly and keypad layout for mobile computing devices. In particular, embodiments of the invention provide keyboard layouts and designs. Additionally, embodiments described herein provide for stack components to make keyboards operable on small-form factor devices.

Abstract: A cumulative function of image is obtained according to its gray levels of pixels. This function is then mapped to obtain a backlight modulation function according to a reference line. The backlight brightness provided for different regions of the liquid crystal display are decided by the backlight modulation function while displaying the images.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for a bilinear filter system comprising a pre-formatter module, a bilinear module, an accumulator module, and a format module. The pre-formatter module is configured to receive texel data and convert it to a normalized fixed point format. The bilinear module is dynamically reconfigurable to perform an interpolation or an extended precision interpolation on the normalized fixed point texel data from the pre-formatter module and generate re-normalized floating point texel data. The interpolator analyzes the exponent range of fixed point texel data from the pre-formatter module to determine if an extended precision calculation is appropriate. The accumulator module is configured to accumulate floating point texel data from the bilinear module to achieve the desired level of bilinear, trilinear, and anisotropic filtering. The format module is configured to convert texel data from the accumulator module into a standard floating point representation.

Abstract: Circuits, methods, and apparatus that provide texture caches and related circuits that store and retrieve texels in an efficient manner. One such texture circuit can provide a configurable number of texel quads for a configurable number of pixels. For bilinear filtering, texels for a comparatively greater number of pixels can be retrieved. For trilinear filtering, texels in a first LOD are retrieved for a number of pixels during a first clock cycle, during a second clock cycle, texels in a second LOD are retrieved. When aniso filtering is needed, a greater number of texels can be retrieved for a comparatively lower number of pixels.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for a bilinear filter system comprising a pre-formatter module, a bilinear module, an accumulator module, and a format module. The pre-formatter module is configured to receive texel data and convert it to a normalized fixed point format. The bilinear module is dynamically reconfigurable to perform an interpolation or an extended precision interpolation on the normalized fixed point texel data from the pre-formatter module and generate re-normalized floating point texel data. The interpolator analyzes the exponent range of fixed point texel data from the pre-formatter module to determine if an extended precision calculation is appropriate. The accumulator module is configured to accumulate floating point texel data from the bilinear module to achieve the desired level of bilinear, trilinear, and anisotropic filtering. The format module is configured to convert texel data from the accumulator module into a standard floating point representation.

Abstract: Each of a plurality of polyhedron spaces is defined by a plurality of first vertices. Each of the plurality of first vertices is defined by a plurality of sets of third color data that are defined in the second color space. A color data setting unit sets a plurality of sets of fourth color data that are defined in a first color space in one to one correspondence with the plurality of third color data sets. A second dividing unit divides each of a plurality of polyhedron spaces into a plurality of smaller polyhedron spaces by a division number set for the each polyhedron spaces. Each of the plurality of smaller polyhedron spaces is defined by a plurality of second vertices and the plurality of first vertices. Each of the plurality of second vertices is defined by a plurality of sets of fifth color data defined in the second color space.

Abstract: A system and computer-implemented method for rendering images on a two-dimensional display, such as a computer, handheld device, or television screen, so that the images appear to be positioned in a three-dimensional space is disclosed. The images may be graphics files or standard files with an associated thumbnail image. Numerous layouts of the images on the display are disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention pixel processing system and method provide convenient and efficient processing of pixel information. In one embodiment, quotient-remainder information associated with barycentric coordinate information indicating the location of a pixel is received. In one exemplary implementation quotient-remainder information is associated with barycentric coordinate information through the relationship c divided by dcdx, where c is the barycentric coordinate for a particular edge and dcdx is the derivative of the barycentric coordinate in the screen horizontal direction. The relationship of a pixel with respect to a primitive edge is determined based upon the quotient-remainder information. For example, a positive quotient can indicate a pixel is inside a triangle and a negative quotient can indicate a pixel is outside a triangle. Pixel processing such as shading is performed in accordance with the relationship of the pixel to the primitive.

Abstract: Circuits, methods, and apparatus that provide texture caches and related circuits that store and retrieve texels in an efficient manner. One such texture circuit can provide a configurable number of texel quads for a configurable number of pixels. For bilinear filtering, texels for a comparatively greater number of pixels can be retrieved. For trilinear filtering, texels in a first LOD are retrieved for a number of pixels during a first clock cycle, during a second clock cycle, texels in a second LOD are retrieved. When aniso filtering is needed, a greater number of texels can be retrieved for a comparatively lower number of pixels.

Abstract: A method of converting a three primary color input signal into a four primary color drive signal, includes defining three functions representing the first, second, and third drive signals as a function of the fourth drive signal, determining the intersection values of the fourth drive signal at a set of intersections of the three functions mutually, and of the three functions and a line defined by the fourth drive signal being equal to itself, determining boundary values of a valid range of the fourth drive signal in which all drive signals have valid values, determining calculated values of the first, second and third drive signals at the intersection values and the boundary values, calculating the maximum value (Vmax) or minimum value (Vmin) of the calculated values at the intersection, and selecting the intersection value at which the maximum value or minimum value is minimum or maximum, respectively.

Abstract: A reconfigurable floating point data filter may be implemented by configuring a texture filter in response to state data, where the state data specifying at least a data width of input texture data to be filtered, where the input texture data is in a floating point format, filtering the input texture data using the texture filter, and then reconfiguring the texture filter to be substantially fully utilized when the data width of the input texture data changes.

Abstract: In a technique for rendering non-linear BRDFs that are stable in both the temporal and spatial domains, without serious interruption to the content creation pipeline used in most games, non-linear content is linearized by rendering in texture space at a fixed resolution. A MIP-map chain is calculated from this texture. The complete MIP-map chain is used for rendering on a display device. Low resolution reflectance parameters are used to approximate the highest resolution reflectance parameters as the object becomes smaller on the display device. The low resolution reflectance parameters are calculated using non linear fitting techniques.

Abstract: A method for generating bump map data substantially in real time for use in a 3-dimensional computer graphics system. Data is received which defines an area to which a texture is to be applied. Texture data to apply to the area is also received. This data includes surface height data. A set of partially overlapping samples of texture data are then filtered and surface tangent vectors derived therefrom. A bump map surface normal is then derived from the tangent vectors.

Abstract: A saltating sample image enhancement system and method that provides an image processing operation in which a filter considers one or one or more exact source image pixels; one or more bilinearly interpolated source image samples, where the bilinear weights are coupled to the position of the target pixel relative to the source pixels; and (optionally) one or more linearly interpolated source image samples, where the linear weights are coupled to the position of the target pixel relative to the source pixels. The filter can construct a spatially continuous image statistic.

Abstract: Subsets of volume data are sequentially stored for volume rendering from two dimensional textures. For example, pairs of adjacent two-dimensional images are loaded into RAM or cache. Strips of texture data are interpolated for polygons extending between the two-dimensional images. The strips or polygons are more orthogonal to a viewing direction than the two-dimensional images. After interpolating texture data from the two-dimensional images for a plurality of non-coplanar polygons, the texture data is rendered. The rendered information represents one portion of the three dimensional representation. Other portions are rendered by repeating the process for other pairs or subset groups of adjacent two-dimensional images. A lower cost apparatus, such as a programmed computer or a GPU with a limited amount of memory, is able to render images for three dimensional representations of very large three-dimensional arrays. The images may be rendered without copying volume data for different main axes.

Abstract: The present invention relates, in general, to technology applied to entertainment information devices, such as video game machines or computer game programs, information devices for representing geo-spatial information, or information devices for performing three-dimensional rendering using computer graphics and, more particularly, to a protruded displacement mapping method, which represents an object as protruding from a surface. In the image-based protruded displacement mapping method of the present invention, an intersection point search step of searching for an intersection point of a surface of a protruding object, defined by the displacement information, and an observers sight line, and displaying the shape of the protruding object on the polygonal surface, is performed.

Abstract: In systems and methods for graphic reproduction of an image including textural information, multiple rows or blocks of texture data can be retrieved from system memory in response to the single read command. In this manner, efficient use of system bus is achieved, and an increase in the texture cache hit ratio is realized, leading to more efficient system operation, and reduced system bus usage for texture data retrieval.

Abstract: A driving method and a driving device are provided for an LED element in which light emitting layers different from each other in light emission wavelength peak, put on each other with a barrier layer being interposed, are sandwiched by a pair of p-type and n-type layers, and color of emitted light from which substantially depends only upon driving current value. The method comprises a driving current value calculation step of obtaining a value for designating a current value corresponding to a desired color of emitted light from the LED element; a driving current generation step of generating a driving current having the current value designated by the value obtained in the driving current value calculation step; and a driving current supply step of supplying the LED element with the driving current generated in the driving current generation step.

Abstract: Subsets of volume data are sequentially stored for volume rendering from two dimensional textures. For example, pairs of adjacent two-dimensional images are loaded into RAM or cache. One or more strips of texture data are interpolated for polygons extending between the two-dimensional images. The strips or polygons are more orthogonal to a viewing direction than the two-dimensional images. After interpolating texture data from the two-dimensional images for a plurality of non-coplanar polygons, the texture data is rendered. The rendered information represents one portion of the three dimensional representation. Other portions are rendered by repeating the process for other pairs or subset groups of adjacent two-dimensional images. A lower cost apparatus, such as a programmed computer or a GPU with a limited amount of memory, is able to render images for three dimensional representations of very large three-dimensional arrays. The images may be rendered without copying volume data for different main axes.

Abstract: A configurable filter module for providing shared filter resource between an overlay engine and a texture mapping engine of a graphics system. The configurable filter may comprise a plurality of linear blend units each of which receives data input from one of the overlay engine and a mapping engine cache, and generates a linear blend filter output respectively; and a filter output multiplexer which receives data output from the linear blend units and selects a proper byte ordering output, wherein the linear blend units serve as an overlay interpolator filter to perform linear blending of the data input from the overlay engine during a linear blend mode, and serve as a texture bilinear filter to perform bilinear filtering of the data input from the mapping engine cache during a bilinear filtering mode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for interpolating values for a color space from an input color value. A unit hypercube enclosing the input value is generated based on values from a look up table. A set of boundary conditions are then imposed on the unit hypercube. To perform the actual interpolation, an initial barycentric projection is performed from a selected vertex of the unit hypercube through the input value onto a boundary of the unit hypercube. If the projection satisfies one of the boundary conditions, an interpolated value is calculated using the projection by back substitution. If the initial projection does not satisfy a boundary condition, an intermediate value is generated from the previous projection and successive barycentric projections are performed using respectively different vertices of the unit hypercube through intermediate values onto a boundary of the unit hypercube until a projection satisfies one of the boundary conditions.

Abstract: There are provided a drawing device and an information processing apparatus which are capable of reading out texture data from a memory at a high speed. A storage circuit stores respective information items of each of texture pixels constituting the texture data and at least one texture pixel in a vicinity of the each of the texture pixels, in a continuously-accessible region thereof. An address calculation circuit calculates, based on texture coordinates corresponding to each pixel of the polygons, an address where a corresponding set of the information items are stored. A readout circuit reads out the corresponding set of the information items from the address calculated by the address calculation circuit. A synthesis circuit synthesizes the corresponding set of the information items read out by the readout circuit. A drawing circuit draws, based on texture pixel information synthesized by the synthesis circuit, a corresponding pixel of the polygons.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel (500) is provided with a connection switching circuit (502) for connecting a video signal line driving circuit (300) to a plurality of video signal lines (Ls). The connection switching circuit (502) includes analog switches (SWi) that correspond to the video signal lines (Ls) and one side of each of the analog switches (SWi) is connected to one of the video signal lines (Ls). The video signal lines (Ls) are grouped together into groups of two video signal lines (Ls) that are spaced apart by one video signal line. The groups of video signal lines (Ls) respectively correspond to output terminals (TSj) of the video signal line driving circuit (300). The other sides of the analog switches (SWi) connected to the video signal lines (Ls) of the same group are connected to one another, and connected to one output terminal (TSj).

Abstract: A memory write section 2 writes texture data in a number capable of being transferred at a time and written in one address, in one of first through fourth texture memories 1a through 1d in common by single write operation. If the V coordinate of texture data to be written is an even number, the texture data is written in the first, second, third and fourth texture memories 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d in this order. If the V coordinate is an odd number, the data is written in the third, fourth, first and second texture memories 1c, 1d, 1a and 1b in this order.

Abstract: A non-blocking always visible display application is provided to copy and save first pixel values corresponding to a first display screen area, blend the copied first pixel values with second pixel values corresponding to a non-blocking always visible display to generate third pixel values, and replace the original first pixel values with the third pixel values to effectuate display of the non-blocking always visible display. In one embodiment, the application further monitors for display operations that impact the first display screen area, and re-blend accordingly. In one embodiment, the re-blending and replacement are advantageously delayed. In another embodiment, the application further intercepts and causes cursor events to be handled properly, based at least in part on a current blending bias between the non-blocking always visible display, and the underlying display windows.

Abstract: A system, method and medium renders an object into a 3-dimensional (3D) graphic image. The rendering system includes a polygon processing unit to calculate a plurality of LOD values of a plurality of fragments corresponding to a plurality of vertices of a predetermined polygon, among a plurality of fragments constructing the predetermined polygon, a span conversion unit to interpolate a plurality of LOD values of remaining fragments apart from the plurality of fragments corresponding to the vertices of the predetermined polygon, using the calculated LOD values, and a texture mapping unit to map one of a plurality of textures with various resolutions to a corresponding fragment of the fragments constructing the predetermined polygon, on the basis of the LOD values interpolated by the span conversion unit.

Abstract: A configurable filter module for providing shared filter resource between an overlay engine and a texture mapping engine of a graphics system. The configurable filter may comprise a plurality of linear blend units each of which receives data input from one of the overlay engine and a mapping engine cache, and generates a linear blend filter output respectively; and a filter output multiplexer which receives data output from the linear blend units and selects a proper byte ordering output, wherein the linear blend units serve as an overlay interpolator filter to perform linear blending of the data input from the overlay engine during a linear blend mode, and serve as a texture bilinear filter to perform bilinear filtering of the data input from the mapping engine cache during a bilinear filtering mode.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a command analyzing unit obtaining color information of each endpoint of an object by analyzing a drawing command, a draw processing unit obtaining the color information of successive scanned points inside the object through incremental interpolation of the color information, thereby successively producing the color information for an entirety of the object, and an image processing unit processing the color information outputted by the draw processing unit.

Abstract: A method, a circuit arrangement and a display device which suppresses motion blur due to motion integration carried out along a motion trajectory on the image data, which occurs in matrix type displays in which a motion trajectory is integrated by the viewer and/or the display, includes an inverse integration filtering of the video signal. To avoid de-blurring in image regions where motion cannot be detected, or image is low and to avoid noise modulation, motion estimation as well as further image characteristic are used.

Abstract: A sub-system and method to receive input image pixel amplitude data at an input pixel resolution and to output image pixel amplitude data in one or two dimensions at a higher pixel resolution includes a computer system-executable algorithm with user-programmable coefficients. The programmable coefficients are user-selectable according to the nature and quality of the input image data such that sharpness of the output image data can be at least partially tailored to the image.

Abstract: A method and system for processing an image including capturing an image and storing the image as image pixel data. Each image pixel datum is stored in a respective memory location having a corresponding address. Threshold pixel data is selected from the image pixel data and linear spot segments are identified from the threshold pixel data selected. The positions of only a first pixel and a last pixel for each linear segment are saved. Movement of one or more objects are tracked by comparing the positions of first and last pixels of a linear segment present in the captured image with respective first and last pixel positions in subsequent captured images. Alternatively, additional data for each linear data segment is saved such as sum of pixels and the weighted sum of pixels (i.e., each threshold pixel value is multiplied by that pixel's x-location).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for rendering images are presented. The method includes the step of segmenting at least one reference image in a reference image space into a plurality of tiles, each tile defined by a corresponding set of image samples. The connectivity of each of the samples is determined based on the relative curvature of a surface of the corresponding tile at the sample coordinates. Color and depth information between adjacent, connected samples is bi-linearly interpolated to form a corresponding set of sub-samples. The set of sub-samples are warped from the reference image space to a destination image space. A final pixel color for each of a plurality of groups of sub-samples in the destination image space is computed as a weighted average of the color information of the sub-samples for each respective group. The final pixel colors are combined to render a final image in the destination image space from the at least one reference image.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for filtering textures applied to a surface of a computer generated object permits an application program running on a computer system to significantly increase the graphics capabilities and performance of the computer. Rendering data for a pixel of the object is received from the application program, and a first and second set of texture coordinates is generated. Next, the first and second sets of texture coordinates are used to obtain a first and second texture sample from a texture image. The first and second texture samples are then blended together to produce a texture sample having a greater degree of filtering. This produced texture sample having a higher degree of filtering is stored in a frame buffer for subsequent display.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for tissue dependent filtering for digital image magnification includes using bilinear interpolation and digital convolution filters to approximate bicubic interpolation for digital image magnification. A library of set s of representative images may be created for particular anatomies and particular imaging modalities. Two-dimensional convolution filter coefficients may be estimated using a set of representative images chosen for a particular anatomy. The two-dimensional convolution filter coefficients may be employed to form a two-dimensional convolution filter to be used with bilinear interpolation to magnify a digital image.

Abstract: In a method for two-dimensional pixel representation of an object on a display device, to represent the object surface using polygonal surface elements pixel values are determined for vertices of the surface elements in a central processing unit. The pixel values are transferred, along with the coordinates of the vertices, to an image generating unit such as a graphics card, where the pixel values for all pixels in the representation are determined by interpolation.

Abstract: A method for rendering a three-dimensional terrain, the method including providing at least one previous display pixel having a previous ray from a point of view through the at least one previous display pixel to a previous terrain unit intersecting an axis of the previous ray, the previous ray having a length, and computing a subsequent ray from the point of view through a subsequent display pixel, whereby the subsequent ray has a length equal to the length of the previous ray.

Abstract: A pixel is textured by storing a first texel reference value, a second texel reference value, and texel mapping values where each texel mapping value represents a k-tuple of (ternary) references to the first texel reference value, the second texel reference value and a third texel reference value to thereby represent a block of texels. A pixel value for the pixel is generated from the stored texel values and the pixel is displayed responsive to the generated pixel value. In some embodiments, respective pluralities of texel reference values and texel mapping values that map thereto are stored for respective ones of a plurality of overlapping blocks of texels. In further embodiments, a first mipmap value for a pixel is bilinearly interpolated from the retrieved texel values for the set of nearest neighbor texels. A second mipmap value for the pixel is generated by averaging the retrieved texel values for the set of nearest neighbor texels.