Abstract: A liquid droplet flight device is provided that moves an ink or the like using a comparatively low voltage and stably causes flight of even a high viscosity ink or the like. When causing droplets of a liquid inside a liquid retaining section to fly onto a medium transported between liquid droplet discharge means and an opposing electrode in the liquid droplet flight device, a high voltage is applied to the flight electrode from a bias power source to generate an electric field between the flight electrode and the opposing electrode. On/off control of flight control means is performed in this state to apply a drive voltage of a low voltage to an EW drive electrode from a drive power source such that the liquid inside a slit moves to a leading end portion of the flight electrode due to an electrowetting phenomenon, and the liquid that has moved to the leading end portion of the flight electrode flies toward the opposing electrode through the electric field such that a liquid droplet lands on the medium.

Abstract: Fluid temperature control and sensor calibration is disclosed. In an embodiment, a fluid temperature control unit includes a heater configured to heat a first fluid in a first fluid path, a first temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the first fluid in the first fluid path, a second temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of a second fluid in a second fluid path, and a controller configured to control the heater on the basis of the temperature sensed by the first sensor and the temperature sensed by the second sensor.

Abstract: Provided is a receiver including a receiving unit, a demodulator-decoder unit, a synchronization detecting unit, and an output control unit. The receiving unit receives digital broadcasting. The demodulator-decoder unit obtains an output including a transport stream through a demodulating processing and a decoding processing performed on a reception signal received by the receiving unit. The synchronization detecting unit secures synchronization on the basis of the reception signal received by the receiving unit, and generates a timing signal to be used in the demodulating processing and in the decoding processing. The output control unit outputs the output including the transport stream from the demodulator-decoder unit if the synchronization is secured. The output control unit fixes a logic level of the output including the transport stream if the synchronization is not secured.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing electric microcontact printing is provided. A stamp is brought into contact with the surface of a substrate to provide high resolution features. Aspects of the invention may be used for data storage, microcontact printing, and for other applications requiring high resolution pattern transfer.

Abstract: A system and method of channel estimation for a multi-user broadband wireless channel estimation in multiple antenna receiver systems use a specifically selected delay in the pilot symbol sequence portion of the transmission which is a multiple of the minimum Cyclic Prefix delay length. This insures that the time-frequency slot information bursts will always be separated in the time domain. A matched filter output in the receiver is formed by multiplying each pilot symbol by the conjugate of the training symbols of the first user. Estimation of the channel response may include three different versions of the efficient estimation calculations, namely Constrained Inverse Deconvolution, Iterative Low Complexity, and Extrapolated Matched Filter estimations. The first two methods do not require matrix multiplication (using only Fourier transforms), while the third method utilizes a smaller matrix multiplication than previously taught.

Abstract: A serial recording system printer continuously records a plurality of pages on a continuous recording sheet repeatedly fed/stopped and conveyed with a constant conveyance step width. A cutter is disposed on a downstream side of a print head so that the position of the cutter can be changed in the conveyance direction. The cutter position is moved for each page in accordance with the dimension of the page, and the sheet is cut. It is assumed that a signal indicating a terminal or front end position of the page is a start point, and that a product (n?) of a conveyance step width (?) and the number of repetitions (n) is set as a conveyance distance of the recording sheet. The cutter is moved to be positioned so that a distance (A) to the cutter from a print end position of a page terminal end or a print start position of a page front end agrees with the conveyance distance (n?).

Abstract: An electronic paper printer is provided that is capable of describing display patterns properly and definitely on rewritable electronic paper. An electronic paper printer 1 has a describing head 3 for describing display patterns on electronic paper 2 capable of having display patterns rewritten thereto and erased therefrom, using electrophoresis, an erasing head 4 for erasing display patterns described on the electronic paper 2, a drive mechanism (not shown) for driving the describing head 3 and the erasing head 4 so that they turn, and a conveyor mechanism (not shown) for conveying the electronic paper 2. The describing head 3 is configured by a pair of drums 31 and 32 supported so that they freely turn. The erasing head 4 is configured by a pair of drums 41 and 42 supported so that they freely turn.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, a resistant layer of each writing electrode is formed substantially in a semi-circular convex shape projecting upwardly. The top of the resistant layer is a spherical surface so that the resistant layer is in point contact with the charged layer of the latent image carrier. Because of point contacts, foreign matters adhering to the surface of the latent image carrier are easily allowed to pass, thereby preventing the occurrence of filming on the surface of the latent image carrier.

Abstract: Writing electrodes of a writing device are kept in contact with a latent image carrier with a small pressing force by a weak restoring force of a substrate. An electrostatic latent image is written on the latent image carrier by applying or removing charge relative to the latent image carrier which is already uniformly charged by a charge control device. The application or removal of charge is conducted via charge-transfer between the latent image carrier and the writing electrodes which are in contact with each other. The electrostatic latent image is developed by a developing device to form a developing powder image and this developing powder image is transferred to a receiving medium such as a paper by a transferring device. Since the writing electrodes are employed as the writing device, the apparatus can be manufactured smaller and simply and can steadily write an image.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus which can forms a high-quality image with high resolution while stabilizing potential and size of an electrostatic latent image and in which the wearing of electrodes and a latent image carrier can be reduced, thereby improving the durability thereof. The image forming apparatus comprises a latent image carrier 2 and a substrate 3a on which a plurality of writing electrodes 3b are formed along the axial direction of said latent image carrier. The latent image carrier 2 and the substrate 3a are arranged in elastic contact with each other so as to form an electrostatic latent image on the latent image carrier 2.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus of the present invention, a resistant layer 13 of each writing electrode 3b is formed substantially in a semi-circular convex shape projecting upwardly. Therefore, the top of the resistant layer 13 is a spherical surface so that the resistant layer 13 is in point contact with the charged layer 2d of the latent image carrier 2. Because of point contacts, foreign matters adhering to the surface of the latent image carrier 2 are easily allowed to pass, thereby preventing the occurrence of filming on the surface of the latent image carrier 2.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, a resistant layer of each writing electrode is formed substantially in a semi-circular convex shape projecting upwardly. The top of the resistant layer is a spherical surface so that the resistant layer is in point contact with the charged layer of the latent image carrier. Because of point contacts, foreign matters adhering to the surface of the latent image carrier are easily allowed to pass, thereby preventing the occurrence of filming on the surface of the latent image carrier.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of writing electrodes are supported by an elastic and flexible substrate such that the writing electrodes are aligned in a plurality of rows each extending in the axial direction of the latent image carrier (in the main scanning direction). The writing electrodes are each formed in, for example, a triangle and alternately inverted. In this case, one end of a writing electrode is overlapped with a next writing electrode, as seen in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the latent image carrier (the rotational direction of the latent image carrier; the feeding direction). Therefore, this design prevents occurrence of image defect due to linear stains and allows foreign matters adhering to the surface of the latent image carrier to pass through spaces between the adjacent writing electrodes.

Abstract: Writing electrodes of a writing device are kept in contact with a latent image carrier with a small pressing force by a weak restoring force of a substrate. An electrostatic latent image is written on the latent image carrier by applying or removing charge relative to the latent image carrier which is already uniformly charged by a charge control device. The application or removal of charge is conducted via charge-transfer between the latent image carrier and the writing electrodes which are in contact with each other. The electrostatic latent image is developed by a developing device to form a developing powder image and this developing powder image is transferred to a receiving medium such as a paper by a transferring device. Since the writing electrodes are employed as the writing device, the apparatus can be manufactured smaller and simply and can steadily write an image.

Abstract: According to the present invention, writing electrodes 3b of a writing device 3 are kept in contact with a latent image carrier 2 with a small pressing force by a weak restoring force of a substrate 3a. An electrostatic latent image is written on the latent image carrier 2 by applying or removing charge relative to the latent image carrier 2 which are already uniformly charged by a charge control device 7. The application or removal of charge is conducted via charge-transfer between the latent image carrier 2 and the writing electrodes 3b which are in contact with each other. The electrostatic latent image is developed by a developing device 4 to form a developing powder image and this developing powder image is transferred to a receiving medium 5 such as a paper by a transferring device 6.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus of the present invention, a resistant layer 13 of each writing electrode 3b is formed substantially in a semi-circular convex shape projecting upwardly. Therefore, the top of the resistant layer 13 is a spherical surface so that the resistant layer 13 is in point contact with the charged layer 2d of the latent image carrier 2. Because of point contacts, foreign matters adhering to the surface of the latent image carrier 2 are easily allowed to pass, thereby preventing the occurrence of filming on the surface of the latent image carrier 2.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus of the present invention, a plurality of writing electrodes 3b are supported by an elastic and flexible substrate 3a such that the writing electrodes are aligned in a plurality of rows each extending in the axial direction of the latent image carrier (in the main scanning direction). The writing electrodes 3b are each formed in, for example, a triangle and are arranged in such a manner that the orientations of the triangles of the writing electrodes are alternately inverted. In this case, one end of the triangle base of a writing electrode is overlapped with one end of the triangle base of a next writing electrode 3b, as seen in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the latent image carrier 2 (the rotational direction of the latent image carrier 2; the feeding direction).

Abstract: An electrostatic recording medium includes a charge retentive layer located on a conductive substrate. An image recording surface on the charge retentive layer includes an array of discrete, conductive segments present in the image recording surface. A multiple electrode assembly having an array of recording electrode tips may be aligned for engagement with the image recording surface. Relative movement between the recording head and the electrostatic recording medium may be provided in such a manner that certain members of the recording electrode tips momentarily achieve Ohmic contact with respective elements of the discrete conductive segments present in the image recording surface. A latent image may be created in the electrostatic recording medium as the charge retentive layer receives an imagewise pattern of localized, discrete charges according to a variable voltage potential present at the tips of the recording electrode during the respective moments of Ohmic contact.

Abstract: A system and method of reducing striations in electrostatic printing is provided by varying plate firing sequences in a pattern of nib groups on the writing head of an electrostatic printer to visually mute the effects of sequence striations. This variation, in combination with other techniques, minimize multiplexing striations that affect adversely the print quality of data emerging from high speed, wide width electrostatic printers.

Abstract: A writing head suitable for use in an electrostatic marking device includes a plurality of first surface conductive pads permanently fixed to a first surface of the first head member and disposed in a lengthwise row, and a plurality of second surface conductive pads permanently fixed to the second surface of the first head member. Each second surface conductive pad is paired with one of the first surface conductive pads, and the pair of pads is electrically connected by way of a conductive via extending through the first head member. A plurality of conductors is disposed on the first head member in a substantially equally spaced and parallel relationship, with one end of each conductor being permanently connected to a respective one of the first surface conductive pads. The other end of each conductor, referred to as a nib, being exposed in at least one line at the first edge of the first surface and lying in a plane perpendicular to the first surface.

Abstract: Electrographic printing apparatus for forming a toner image on a recording medium includes: a magnetic brush having a rotatable magnetic core and a stationary outer shell; a developer supply for supplying a magnetic developer powder to the magnetic brush; a print head on the outer shell; and a receiver electrode arranged in spaced relation to the print head to define a recording region through which the receiver can be moved.

Abstract: A wiring according to the present invention is made of a chromium layer and a chromium nitride layer. To make the wiring, a layer of chromium is deposited on a substrate, and then a layer of chromium nitride is deposited. A layer of photoresist is covered on the layer of chromium nitride and patterned, the layers of chromium and chromium nitride are wet etched in sequence using the photoresist pattern as a mask. Since the layer of chromium nitride is etched more quickly than the layer of chromium, the layer of photoresist and the layer of chromium are separated from each other and the chromium layer is isotropically etched to form a pattern having an edge with a gentle slope.

Abstract: An electronic printing device is disclosed which uses flexible whiskers to transfer a charge corresponding to an image to a dielectric recording surface. The recording surface preferably has areas of differing conductivity so that microfields form on the dielectric surface. Ink, preferably non-charged, may then be attracted to the recording surface through dipole forces and later transferred to paper.

Abstract: This invention relates to the charging member portion of an image forming apparatus. A plurality of charging members are disclosed that maintain a uniform spacing between a charge-receiving member and the discharging portion of the charging members' electrodes despite surface irregularities and surface waviness on the charge-receiving member. One charging member is in the form of a flexible sheet provided with ventilation holes in a non-contacting portion thereof, permitting the air produced by the rotation of the charge-receiving member to escape through the holes to suppress the lifting of the charging member. Pressure fins can be added to the charging member on the downstream of the ventilation holes for further suppressing any lifting. Another charging member includes a semiconductive member or a electret member on at least the surface of the charging member on the side opposite the charge-receiving member. This permits the charging member to be electrostatically attracted to the charge-receiving member.

Abstract: An apparatus and method provide direct electrostatic printing onto an information carrier. Computer-generated electronic signals define an image and are converted to a pattern of electrostatic fields to selectively control the deposition of charged toner particles in an image configuration directly onto the information carrier. The electrostatic fields are applied via a set of print electrodes which selectively permit or restrict the transport of the charged toner particles from a particle source toward the information carrier. Periodically variable deflection potentials are applied to a set of deflection electrodes to modify the trajectories of the toner particles as they are transported toward the information carrier to direct the toner particles in a direction transverse to the direction of the movement of the information carrier.

Abstract: An edge electrode member includes an insulating sheet preferably made of polyamide, a number of control electrodes and a control voltage applying circuit provided on the insulating sheet. The control electrodes are formed independently of each other at a recording edge portion of the edge electrode member. The recording edge portion member is disposed upstream of the recording position so that the direction of an electric field coincides with the transport direction of the support member when control of flows of toner powder is changed. The image forming apparatus can output an image of a high picture quality free from toner powder trailing.

Abstract: A switched capacitor network includes a switch device alternatingly charging two first capacitors having the same capacitance from a signal voltage source with polarities being opposite relative to a ground potential and then discharging each of the two first capacitors through the input circuit of a respective differential amplifier. The switch device alternatingly charges two second capacitors having the same capacitance in phase opposition with one another from a reference voltage source with the same polarities relative to the ground potential and then discharges each of the two second capacitors through the input circuit of a respective one of the differential amplifiers, in synchronism with the charging and discharging of the two first capacitors.