Abstract: A flicker band automated detection system and method are presented. In one embodiment an incidental motion mitigation exposure setting method includes receiving image input information; performing a motion mitigating flicker band automatic detection process; and implementing exposure settings based upon results of the motion mitigating flicker band automatic detection process. The auto flicker band detection process includes performing a motion mitigating process on an illumination intensity indication. Content impacts on an the motion mitigated illumination intensity indication are minimized. The motion mitigated illumination intensity indication is binarized. A correlation of the motion mitigated illumination intensity and a reference illumination intensity frequency is established.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus that includes a device for discharging charge or F/E-IC for discharging charge accumulated in an imaging device or CCD and for canceling exposure in a discharging term of the charge. The imaging apparatus also includes a light shielding device or mechanical shutter unit for a mechanical shutter, which shields light by the mechanical shutter, and a control device or CPU block for hastening by a predetermined time the charge discharging term of the CCD in the discharging device and a light shielding timing of the mechanical shutter in the light shielding device, when a shutter speed for recording a subject is more than a predetermined time.

Abstract: A color photographing device is equipped with a light-receiving section having a red pixel selectively receiving red light and outputting a red pixel signal and a green pixel selectively receiving green light and outputting a green pixel signal. The color photographing device is further equipped with an optical filter disposed on the side with a light-receiving surface of the light-receiving section. The optical filter substantially equalizes the signal level of the red pixel signal and the signal level of the green pixel signal when achromatic color illuminated by a solar light source in the daytime is photographed. Therefore, a white balance gain Wr at about 5000K can be lowered as compared with a conventional color photographing device. Accordingly, reduction of color noises and enhancement of gradation can be expected.

Abstract: A projector includes: an imaging structure that photographs an image projected on a projection object to take a photographed image; an imaging control module that performs exposure adjustment in the imaging structure to attain a preset target exposure; a control module that sets the target exposure in the imaging ctrl module; an angle information acquisition module that obtains angle information representing an inclination of the projector to the projection object; and a storage unit that stores a map representing a variation in target exposure against the angle information. The control module controls the angle information acquisition module to obtain the angle information, refers to the map stored in the storage unit to specify a target exposure corresponding to the obtained angle information, and sets the specified target exposure in the imaging control module.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a pre-combination processing unit configured to perform a pre-combination process so that a plurality of frames of image data having continuity in time are used as combination-use image data to be combined, an operation detection unit configured to detect operation input information used for a combination process, and a combination processing unit configured to perform a combination process on the combination-use image data of the plurality of frames obtained in the pre-combination process according to the operation input information detected by the operation detection unit so as to generate combined-image data representing a still image.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a digital camera having a live view mode for continuously capturing and displaying a series of subject images, in which when the live view mode is selected, a computation part initializes an aperture mechanism based on photographing lens-specific information. Since the aperture mechanism is controlled based on the photographing lens-specific information in a live-view initialization process, the possibility of damaging an imager while a photographer is framing a picture can be reduced. The photographing lens-specific information includes, for example, focal length information and maximum aperture value information. The computation part can be configured, for example, to initialize the aperture mechanism in such a manner that the amount of light from the sun per unit area, or the total amount of light from the sun, will always become almost equal regardless of the kind of photographing lens.

Abstract: An image pickup device includes a group of photoelectric conversion cells that output distance-measurement signals for phase difference detection. Each photoelectric conversion cell includes a photodetector and a pupil restricting unit. The photodetector generates the distance-measurement signal. The pupil restricting unit restricts a size of a pupil area, from which arrival light has exited, to a predetermined size in an exit pupil of a taking optical system, object light exiting from the exit pupil of the taking optical system, the arrival light arriving at the photodetector. The predetermined size is less than half a size of an entire area of the exit pupil.

Abstract: An image processing device includes a camera that picks up an image, an image density recognizer that recognizes density of the image, and an exposure controller that in an exposure control period automatically controls an exposure of the camera based on the density recognized. The exposure controller period includes at least a maximum exposure period during which the exposure is set to a maximum exposure, a minimum exposure period during which the exposure is set to a minimum exposure, and a normal exposure period during which the exposure is set to in between the maximum exposure and the minimum exposure.

Abstract: A method of exposure control for an imaging system. A predetermined number of images are captured by one or more imagers, wherein the images are defined by an image resolution matrix. The images are masked to establish a region of interest within the image resolution matrix and brightness of the images is analyzed within the region of interest. An exposure time is calculated for a subsequent image capturing step based on the brightness analysis, and an exposure time setting of the imager(s) is adjusted during the subsequent image capturing step based on the calculated exposure time.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a level of direct illumination for an imaging system is dynamically adjusted based on a level of at least one of ambient illumination or displayed illumination. A level of the at least one of ambient illumination or displayed illumination may be detected. The level of direct illumination may be altered based on the detected level of the at least one of ambient illumination or displayed illumination. Operation of a non-visible light-sensitive image sensor of the imaging system may be adjusted based on the altered level of direct illumination.

Abstract: A digital imaging system such as a camera, in which the ISO sensitivity of a digital imaging sensor is dynamically adjusted in response to factors such as zoom, focal distance, available light, color of the image, charge status of the flash device, and so forth.

Abstract: A method and system generate an enhanced output image. A first image is acquired of a scene illuminated by a first illumination condition. A second image is acquired of the scene illuminated by a second illumination condition. First and second gradient images are determined from the first and second images. Orientations of gradients in the first and second gradient images are compared to produce a combined gradient image, and an enhanced output image is constructed from the combined gradient image.

Abstract: An image-pickup apparatus which improves the S/N ratio of an image-pickup system, prevents image blur and saturation of signals from an image-pickup device, and enables taking an excellent image, is disclosed. The camera of the invention which takes images through an image-taking optical system having a shake correction unit which drives a part of an image-taking optical system to correct image blur caused by camera shake and includes an image-pickup device which photoelectrically converts an object image formed by the image-taking optical system and a control circuit which controls operations of the camera, wherein the control circuit changes the sensitivity and the exposure time of the image-pickup device whether the shake correction unit is in operation or not.

Abstract: Backlight correction by the following steps. The location of a dark distribution is determined, and a dark distribution histogram ratio is calculated. Next, the location of a bright distribution is determined, and a high-brightness slice set value is set. A determination is made as to whether or not a subject is in a backlighted state. When the subject is not in a backlighted state, the high-brightness slice set value is used unchanged. On the other hand, when the subject is in a backlighted state, the dark_ratio is normalized so that, for example, backlight correction is carried out so that a high-brightness component limiter value of an integration signal of a peak-value-detected output is decreased.

Abstract: Backlight correction by the following steps. The location of a dark distribution is determined, and a dark distribution histogram ratio is calculated. Next, the location of a bright distribution is determined, and a high-brightness slice set value is set. A determination is made as to whether or not a subject is in a backlighted state. When the subject is not in a backlighted state, the high-brightness slice set value is used unchanged. On the other hand, when the subject is in a backlighted state, the dark_ratio is normalized so that, for example, backlight correction is carried out so that a high-brightness component limiter value of an integration signal of a peak-value-detected output is decreased.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising: an image sensing device having a plurality of pixels for receiving light from an object upon separating the light into respective ones of different color components; an optical guidance device for accepting light rays in different directions from the same part of the object and guiding the light rays to the image sensing device; and a phase-difference determining device for determining a phase difference in an output signal of the image sensing device with respect to each of the light rays accepted in the different directions by the optical guidance device, determination being performed based upon a signal obtained by combining output signals of pixels, among the plurality of pixels, that correspond to prescribed different color components.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus causes an illuminating unit and an imaging unit to equally split a predetermined exposure time into a plurality of split exposure times, and acquire an image with illumination and an image without illumination in each of the split exposure time. A luminance difference image for a particular split exposure time is calculated by subtracting the image without illumination from the image with illumination of the exposure time. The luminance difference images of all the split exposure times are integrated.

Abstract: A digital image forming device and a digital image forming method used thereon are provided. The digital image forming device includes a light metering device, a processor, a frequency generator, a timing generator, and a light sensor. The light metering device detects a surrounding light value and transmits it to the processor. The processor generates an illumination parameter according to the surrounding light value and transmits it to the frequency generator. The frequency generator then generates a frequency based on the illumination parameter and transmits it to the timing generator. The timing generator generates an exposure time and controls the light sensor to detect the outside light and therefore form an image.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to systems and methods for minimizing motion clutter in image-generation devices. Temporally-interleaved image-subtraction reduces the magnitude of motion clutter and has no adverse effect on the desired ambient-light cancellation of static images. Embodiments of image-generation devices employing temporally-interleaved image-subtraction include single, double, triple, and series accumulator configurations. All four embodiments allow synchronization with scene illuminators and may be implemented on a single electronic chip. Temporally-interleaved image-subtraction is particularly well suited for use in video eyetracking applications where ambient light and scene motion can cause significant problems.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention a shutterless single lens digital still camera includes an internal processor and auto exposure algorithm that automatically adjusts the exposure of the camera in high and low ambient lighting conditions. The auto exposure algorithm causes the camera to generate a signature of a current ambient luminance level and then in response to the signature to generate automatically an exposure setting.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus including a device for discharging charge or F/E-IC for discharging charge accumulated in an imaging device or CCD and for canceling exposure in a discharging term of the charge. The apparatus also includes a light shielding device or mechanical shutter unit for a mechanical shutter, which shields light by the mechanical shutter, and a control device or CPU block for controlling the discharging term of the discharging device and the light shielding timing of the mechanical shutter. The charge discharging term of the CCD in the discharging device is shortened and a light shielding timing of the mechanical shutter in the light shielding device is hastened by the control device or CPU block, when a computer exposure time computed by the control device or CPU block for recording a subject is shorter than an image recording term of one frame.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to provide a solid-state image sensing apparatus capable of performing high-precision AF and AE without adding any camera mechanism or increasing power consumption. To achieve this object, at least S1 and S2 among photoelectric conversion cells output signals not for forming an image signal in a solid-state image sensing apparatus in which photoelectric conversion cells for converting an optical image formed by an optical system into an electrical signal are two-dimensionally laid out.

Abstract: An electronic camera in which an analog signal output from a CCD image sensor is AD-converted and digital processing is performed on the AD-converted by an A/D converter in an analog front end, and the AD-converted signal DMA-transferred to a RAM through line memories in a signal processor. The signal processor controls a basic operating clock signal generated from a clock signal generation circuit so that the frequency of the clock signal is reduced during a read period in which processing including AD conversion of the analog signal output from the CCD image sensor is performed.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention a shutterless single lens digital still camera includes an internal processor and auto exposure algorithm that automatically adjusts the exposure of the camera in high and low ambient lighting conditions. The auto exposure algorithm causes the camera to generate a signature of a current ambient luminance level and then in response to the signature to generate automatically an exposure setting.

Abstract: In a television camera apparatus, while a high luminance level range is detected from a picture signal which is acquired by imaging a moving photographing object by using an image pick-up element or acquired by imaging a subject almost in a static state that enters into a visual field of the image pick-up element by remotely rotating or elevating the image pick-up element, such a range which becomes a high luminance level is predicted based upon a temporal change and the like of this detected range, and such a transmission light amount control is carried out in such a manner that a light amount of imaging light of the predicted range, which is received by a light receiving plane of the image pick-up element, is extincted.

Abstract: Object: To broaden the range of photographing of object, until illumination of 0.02 lux. Construction: In the case of sufficient bright object, photographing is performed by a conventional circuit at a high S/N ratio, at a high degree. In the case of an insufficient bright object, inserting auxiliary amplifying circuit m, m1, m2 or em and ignoring the S/N ratio, and raising the amplification degree. In the case of sufficient bright object, photographing is performed by high S/N ratio, and high degree, in the case of insufficient bright object, an auxiliary amplifying circuit m, m1, m2 or em is inserted ignoring the S/N ratio until utility noise composite of 20 dB (10%).

Abstract: If an electronic camera is set in an image-capturing sensitivity automatic control mode, a program autoexposure calculation is executed based upon the subject brightness and the image-capturing sensitivity setting to determine a control aperture value and a control shutter speed. If the correct exposure is not achieved, a control exposure sensitivity is calculated based upon the exposure deviation and the image-capturing sensitivity setting is adjusted accordingly. If an internal flash unit or an external flash unit is utilized, an autoexposure calculation is executed by using the flash unit synchronizing speed, the subject brightness and the image-capturing sensitivity setting to determine the control aperture value.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for driving a solid-state image pickup device and a camera provided with the driving function. In the method for driving the solid-state image pickup device and the camera according to the present invention, the frame rate of the image pickup device is varied according to the frequency of illumination or the brightness. Alternatively, the frame rate of the image pickup device is varied and an electronic shutter is driven at the same time according to the brightness. Consequently, it is possible to suppress occurrence of flicker and give a liberal brightness condition under which an image can be picked up.

Abstract: An electronic still camera comprises an image sensor which allows each of its horizontal lines to be individually specified so that a video signal contained in each specified horizontal line can be read, a storage circuit for storing the video signal read from the image sensor, a selecting circuit for selecting a high-speed continuous shooting mode, and a controlling circuit for executing, when the high-speed continuous shooting mode is selected by the selecting circuit, control to effect a high-speed reading for reading the video signal from the image sensor by thinning out the horizontal lines of the image sensor, and to cause the storage circuit to store video signals for a plurality of pictures obtained by the high-speed reading.

Abstract: An image-capturing device captures a subject image through an exchangeable lens. A white balance sensor that is set at a position conjugate with the position of the image-capturing device relative to the exchangeable lens to receive the light from the subject image and outputs color signals. A white balance adjustment signal calculation circuit calculates white balance adjustment basic signals based upon the color signals output from the white balance sensor and weighting points in conformance to the photographic range, the number of sets of red color data and the subject brightness value. Adjustment signals to be used for white balance adjustment are determined based upon the weighting points and the adjustment basic signals.

Abstract: A visual sensor capable of expanding a dynamic range with a little load of processing for arithmetic operations and performing a stable detection not affected by change of conditions such as ON/OFF state of projection of reference light. A multiplying parameter A (A>1) and the number N of times of image capturing are set in accordance with ON/OFF state of the reference light projection. N images are captured with a shutter speed varying by successively multiplying an initial value by (1/A). Values of density of each pixel in the captured images are summed. Values of constants B and C in equations: 1=B·Zmax+C; 0=B·Zmin+C are obtained based on the maximum value Zmax and the minimum value Zmin of the summed values of densities of all the pixels. An output value Z′ of each pixel is obtained according to an equation: Z′=B·Z+C, using the determined values of B and C.

Abstract: An input filter for use in a re-multiplexing module to process input packet data, includes an input interface that receives the input packet data, an input processor that is designed to write data to a packet buffer, and a packet identifier table containing PID values for filtering the input packet data. The input filter is implemented as hardware, thereby eliminating the limitations encounted in software filtering of data packets.

Abstract: A remote controlled television monitoring system for day and night monitoring includes a camera unit in the form of a housing having first and second cameras. The first camera principally monitors during daylight conditions; while the second camera monitors during low light or night conditions. The second camera preferably has a high low light sensitivity. Both of the cameras have automatic iris over ride for manual control of the camera iris. Each of the cameras optionally has an azimuth generator to indicate angular position of the camera. An adjustable zoom lens is coupled to each of the cameras. In one aspect, a light intensifier is coupled between the lens and the second camera for intensifying light received by the second camera. The light intensifier preferably has internal automatic brightness control.

Abstract: A digital camera has a half mirror that splits the optical path from a taking lens to the image-sensing device and an optical viewfinder that offers the light reflected from the half mirror as a visible image. Inside the optical viewfinder, a photometric device is disposed. The amount of light measured by the photometric device is used for exposure control in ambient-light shooting and for automatic light adjustment in flash shooting.

Abstract: A fiber optic display sign has an optical system with enhanced light efficiency so that the display system is suitable for outdoor use. A number of fiber optics have light receiving ends arranged in a compact bundle for receiving an image from an image generator, the fiber optics coupling the image to the output ends thereof for display. An array of lenses is positioned adjacent the output ends of the fiber optics for directing or aiming the light from the fiber optics to control the viewing angle of the image displayed. The array of lenses may be fixed with respect to the output ends of the fiber optics or the lens array may be movable with respect thereto so as to vary the viewing angle. The image generator employs a light source formed of a densely packed array of white light emitting diodes to provide enhanced brightness.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed whereby generally matched exposures for at least first and second photoresponsive materials generally concurrently can be obtained, wherein the first photoresponsive material is more photoresponsive than the second.

Abstract: A camera provided with a housing having a plurality of entrance windows through each of which extraneous light rays are taken in, an image pickup device mounted in this housing, an optical element that is disposed in the housing and is operative to form images obtained from extraneous light rays taken in through the plurality of entrance windows on the imaging plane of the image pickup device, a light Shielding member that is provided in such a way as to be upright on the imaging plane of the image pickup device and to divide the imaging plane of the image pickup device into imaging fields on which images are respectively formed from the extraneous light rays taken in through the plurality of entrance windows, an aperture limitation remember that is placed in a stage preceding the light shielding member and has an aperture to limit the size of an incidence optical path of each of extraneous light rays from which images are formed on the imaging plane of the image pickup device, a diaphragm member that is disp

Abstract: This invention relates to auto variable anti-blooming bias circuits which can automatically vary the anti-blooming bias of the CCD image sensors according to the intensity of light incident thereon. The circuits comprise a DC voltage generation part for receiving signals fed-back from the output terminal of the CCD image sensor and generating DC voltage by averaging the applied signals, an input voltage generation part for receiving DC voltage transmitted from the DC voltage generation part and generating variable input voltage according to the received DC voltage, and an anti-blooming bias generation part for receiving the variable input voltage transmitted from the input voltage generation part and reference voltage and transmitting to the input, terminal of the CCD image sensor as an anti-blooming bias after comparing the two signals.

Abstract: A back light detecting method, a back light detecting device and an image pick-up camera for detecting a back light state in view of the pick-up state of a subject. Concerning a pixel other than the pixel within the brightness level between two slice levels given from the outside, its brightness level is integrated to distinguish a subject area AR.sub.M from a background area AR.sub.L. A back light state BLS is estimated from the area HIST.sub.M and the brightness level Y.sub.M of the subject area AR.sub.M. Thereby the back light state can be detected more correctly.

Abstract: An electro-developing recording medium has a plurality of recording areas for recording R, G and B color images. The exposure operation is performed so that the aperture value and the basic exposure time are determined. The R/G signal and the B/G signal outputted from the white balance sensor are read. The basic exposure time is adjusted in accordance with the R/G signal and B/G signal, so that the actual exposure times regarding the R and B images are calculated. When the shortest exposure time of the actual exposure times corresponding to R, G, and B images is shorter than a limit value, a warning sound may be outputted by a buzzer. Further, the aperture value may be increased by an amount corresponding to, for example, 0.5 Ev. In accordance with the increased aperture value, the exposure time is recalculated.

Abstract: Apparatus that performs automatic gain control (AGC) for an electronic imaging camera, especially in outdoor surveillance applications. A fiber optic link is used to collect ambient light and couple this light onto a small portion of a light sensing array of the camera. A reference voltage produced by the light sensing array in response to the light from the fiber is used by AGC circuits in the camera to control the integration time of light sensing elements of the array, the gain of the camera's video amplifier, and lens aperture, if necessary. These camera gain controls are adjusted to maintain the reference voltage derived from the light provided by the fiber optic link to be within a predefined range as the ambient light level varies due to weather conditions and time of day. Methods of providing automatic gain control correction are also disclosed.

Abstract: A zone for measuring distance is enlarged by adding an area where a contrast ratio is relatively high in the case of the photographing against the light. Thus, the sensitivity for judging a contrast ratio is increased and improper focusing is prevented. The brightness when an evaluative value is a maximum and the brightness at a moment when the evaluative value is not at maximum, for example when it is at a minimum, are compared. If the difference of brightness becomes too large, the maximum evaluative value is ignored and the detection is repeated. The determination of when the difference in brightness is too large is made to be dependent on parameters such as gain of the AGC circuit, gain of the amplifier and iris opening which affect the noise in the evaluative value so as to more accurately judge when the when the maximum evaluative value should be ignored.

Abstract: In a device for controlling an imaging device, a voltage .phi.V.sub.SUB which is applied to a substrate of a CCD is changed in accordance with an exposure compensation value. Switches are turned ON or OFF in accordance with the exposure compensation value, and an MPU 15 accordingly controls a substrate voltage control circuit. When the exposure compensation value has a positive value, the substrate voltage .phi.V.sub.SUB is set to a high value, so that the saturation level of the CCD becomes low; thus, an overflown surplus electric charge caused by a large amount of incident light is easily absorbed by a depletion layer of the CCD. When the exposure compensation value has a negative value, the substrate voltage .phi.V.sub.SUB is set to a low value. As a result, the saturation level of the CCD becomes high, and thus the dynamic range for sensing image luminances of varying levels is increased.

Abstract: An image pickup device including an image pickup unit for converting an optical image of a subject to an image signal, a signal processor for producing a video signal from the image signal, an ambience determining unit for determining image pickup ambience of the subject, and a control unit for controlling image quality of the video signal output from said signal processor in accordance with a result of the determination of the ambience determining unit. The image quality control unit includes at least one of a white balance control unit, an exposure control unit, and a configuration correction/chroma signal gain control unit. The control characteristic of the image quality control unit is changed depending on the result of the determination of the ambience determining unit.

Abstract: An improved automatic exposure control system for an electronic still camera which uses a variable amplifier to amplify the output signal of an image sensor. A low electrical gain is used when the scene is bright enough to provide a sufficiently fast shutter speed and depth of field in order to keep from blurring the image to be captured. The gain is increased as the scene illumination decreases. Some amount of increased gain is preferably used even before the aperture of the camera is fully opened. The gain of the variable gain amplifier is adjusted as the user changes the focal length (zoom) setting, as the required shutter speed and f-number needed to provide a blur-free image depends on the lens focal length. The gain may also be adjusted as a function of focus distance setting.

Abstract: An accumulation time control apparatus comprises a plurality of sensors and a control circuit to control charge accumulation times of the sensors, respectively, wherein on the basis of the accumulation time in either one of the sensors whose accumulation amount has first reached a predetermined level, the control circuit sets the accumulation times of the other sensors.

Abstract: A photometric device for use in a camera includes, but is not limited to, a segmented brightness measuring unit which segments a photographic scene of a camera into multiple areas and which outputs corresponding multiple photometric values. A spectral analysis unit performs spectral analysis of the spatial frequency of a photographic subject using the corresponding multiple photometric values output by the segmented brightness measuring unit. Also, a photometric computation unit computes photometric values based on the spectral pattern of the photographic subject output by the spectral analysis unit. The spectral analysis unit may be disposed within the photometric device, or may be located elsewhere in a camera's body.

Abstract: A camera which sets an aperture value of an internal aperture in accordance with the open aperture value of a photographic lens aperture of an installed photographic lens. A reduction optical system reduces an optical image formed by the photographic lens when the photographic lens is installed on the camera, the optical image being reduced by a reduction ratio. An internal aperture of the camera has a settable aperture value. A control unit receives the open aperture value of the photographic lens aperture when the photographic lens is installed on the camera, conveys the open aperture value in accordance with the reduction ratio of the reduction optical system, and sets an aperture value of the internal aperture in a range having a lower limit of approximately the converted open aperture value.

Abstract: In a photographing device of the kind having a plurality of blades disposed one after another in an overlapping manner in the direction of the optical axis of a photo-taking lens, with an exposing aperture part for high luminance included in an exposing aperture hole formed in each of the blades, and performing exposure control for an exposure surface by driving and moving these blades relative to each other in the direction of traversing the optical axis, the fore end positions, relative to the optical axis, of the exposing aperture parts for high luminance included in the exposing aperture holes formed respectively in the blades are arranged to be located farther away from the optical axis accordingly as the blades are located farther away from the exposure surface.

Abstract: Object: To broaden the range of photographing of object, until illumination of 0.02 lux. Construction: In the case of sufficient bright object, photographing is performed by a conventional circuit at a high S/N ratio, at a high degree. In the case of an insufficient bright object, inserting auxiliary amplifying circuit m, m1, m2 or em and ignoring the S/N ratio, and raising the amplification degree. In the case of sufficient bright object, photographing is performed by high S/N ratio, and high degree, in the case of insufficient bright object, an auxiliary amplifying circuit m, m1, m2 or em is inserted ignoring the S/N ratio until utility noise composite of 20 dB (10%).