Abstract: A liquid crystal display device and a temperature control method thereof are provided by the present application; the liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display module and a control module, the control module is connected to the liquid crystal display module; the control module includes a temperature detection unit, a temperature adjustment unit, and a control unit. A temperature a part of the liquid crystal display module located in a display area and a temperature of a part of the liquid crystal display module located in the non-display area can be independently controlled in the present application, so that these two areas can quickly reach a target temperature threshold according to their own temperatures, so as to prevent a temperature of entire the liquid crystal display module from being too high or too low.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided, including a first flexible substrate, a second flexible substrate, and an electrode layer. The second flexible substrate is disposed opposite to the first flexible substrate. The electrode layer is formed on the first flexible substrate. The first flexible substrate has a first light transmission chromaticity coordinates (x1, y1), the second flexible substrate has a second light transmission chromaticity coordinates (x2, y2), and x1?x2?0.002 or y1?y2?0.002.

Abstract: A liquid lens structure has an adjustable and continuous range of optical power. The liquid lens structure comprises a substrate layer and a deformable membrane which enclose a volume of liquid. The substrate layer is at least partially transparent in the optical band. The deformable membrane comprises a ground layer, two membrane layers, and two conductive layers. Each of the two conductive layers control electrical voltage applied to one of the membrane layers in reference to the ground layer, wherein each membrane layer deforms in response to applied electrical voltage. The deformation of the two membrane layers adjusts a curvature of the deformable membrane which provides the adjustable continuous range of optical power to the liquid lens structure.

Abstract: The disclosed liquid lens array may include a plurality of independently operable array sections, each of which may include (1) a base layer, (2) an aperture plate overlapping the base layer, the aperture plate defining a plurality of apertures extending through the aperture plate between an inner surface of the aperture plate facing the base layer and an outer surface of the aperture plate, (3) a liquid reservoir disposed between the base layer and the aperture plate, and (4) a side wall at least partially surrounding the liquid reservoir, the side wall extending between the base layer and the aperture plate. At least a portion of at least one of the base layer or the side wall may be deformable in the presence of an electrostatic field to change liquid volumes extending from the liquid reservoir at least partially through the apertures defined in the aperture plate. Various other methods, systems, and devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: A display device is provided, including a first flexible substrate, a second flexible substrate, an electrode layer, and a TFT circuit. The second flexible substrate is disposed opposite to the first flexible substrate. The electrode layer is formed on the first flexible substrate. The TFT circuit is formed on the first flexible substrate. The first flexible substrate has a first light transmission chromaticity coordinates (x1, y1), the second flexible substrate has a second light transmission chromaticity coordinates (x2, y2), and x1?x2?0.002 or y1?y2?0.002.

Abstract: The disclosed liquid lens array may include a plurality of independently operable array sections, each of which may include (1) a transparent base layer, (2) an aperture plate overlapping the transparent base layer, the aperture plate defining a plurality of apertures extending through the aperture plate between an inner surface of the aperture plate facing the transparent base layer and an outer surface of the aperture plate, and (3) a liquid reservoir disposed between the base layer and the aperture plate. The liquid lens array may also include driving circuit for operating at least one array section of the plurality of array sections to change liquid volumes extending from the liquid reservoir at least partially through the apertures defined in the aperture plate of the at least one array section. Various other methods, systems, and devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: A laminated glazing includes a first glass sheet, a first interlayer sheet made of thermoplastic polymer; optionally a solar-protection sheet or functional metal layer having reflective properties in the infrared region and/or in the solar radiation region; a sheet of pressure-sensitive adhesive, in direct contact with a heat-sensitive functional sheet; a second glass sheet; the first glass sheet being in direct contact with the interlayer sheet; the second glass sheet being in direct contact with the sheet of pressure-sensitive adhesive; the sheet of pressure-sensitive adhesive and the second glass sheet are in direct contact at the external face of the latter.

Abstract: Provided is an optical film having high contrast and excellent visibility. The optical film includes: a transparent screen; and a transparent reflecting layer that is disposed on one main surface of the transparent screen, in which in the transparent screen, a ratio T15/T30 of a light amount T15 of transmitted light at an angle of 15 degrees with respect to a normal direction of the main surface to a light amount T30 of transmitted light at an angle of 30 degrees with respect to the normal direction of the main surface is 2.0 or higher, and the ratio R15/R30 of the light amount R15 of reflected light at an angle of 15 degrees with respect to the normal direction of the main surface to the light amount R30 of reflected light at an angle of 30 degrees with respect to the normal direction of the main surface is 2.0 or lower.

Abstract: An optical modulation device includes: a first substrate and a second substrate that face each other; and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate that includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. The first substrate includes a plurality of unit regions, a common electrode and a first aligner, and the second substrate includes a plurality of unit regions, a plurality of upper-plate electrodes that include a plurality of first electrodes extending in a first direction and a plurality of second electrodes extending in a second direction crossing the first direction, and a second aligner.

Abstract: A non-mechanical optical beam steering device includes one or more polarization gratings (PG) coupled to one or more Steerable Electro-Evanescent Optical Refractors (SEEOR). It provides the coarse steering advantage of the PG and also the continuous fine steering advantage of the SEEOR. The result is far less complexity, size, weight, and cost over the alternative non-mechanical beam steering approaches as well as considerably less complexity, size, weight, cost, scanning-time, and mechanical breakdown over the more traditional gimbaled mirrors commonly used.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a shape-variable optical element including: a shape-variable lens; a first electrode unit configured to be connected to the shape-variable lens; a second electrode unit configured to face the first electrode unit; and a deformation part configured to be disposed between the first electrode unit and the second electrode unit.

Abstract: An electro-optical devices includes: a first substrate; a second substrate having one surface opposite to the first substrate; a support member configured to hold the first and second substrates with the second substrate located outside the first substrate, and to include a frame portion surrounding the first and second substrates; a first conductive film formed on the other surface of the second substrate; and a conductor layer placed between the frame portion and the first and second substrates, and electrically connected to the first conductive film. The first conductive film is held at a constant potential via the conductor layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes a TFT array substrate, a color filter substrate, and a liquid crystal layer encapsulated between the TFT array substrate and the color filter substrate. The TFT array substrate, the color filter substrate and the liquid crystal layer collectively form a display area, and a margin area surrounding the display area, where the display area includes sub-pixel units surrounded by data lines and scanning lines. Either of the TFT array substrate and the color filter substrate includes heating metal members, and a pair of connection electrodes electrically connected to the plurality of heating metal members, where the heating metal members are formed on an inner side of the TFT array substrate and/or the color filter substrate and are located in the display area, and where the pair of connection electrodes are configured to provide a voltage to the heating metal members.

Abstract: A phase change material display device includes a first substrates a first electrode, a heat generation layer, a phase change material layer and a second electrode. The first electrode is disposed on the first substrate. The heat generation layer is on the first electrode. The phase change material layer is on the heat generation layer, and is configured with a phase change material of which optical characteristic is changed depending on temperature. The second electrode is disposed on the phase change material layer.

Abstract: A donor substrate includes a base substrate; a light reflection layer on the base substrate and partially overlapping the base substrate; a light-to-heat conversion layer on the base substrate, and including a combination layer including an insulating material and a first metal material; and a transfer layer on the light-to-heat conversion layer. A ratio of the first metal material in the combination layer to the insulating material in the combination layer increases as a distance from the base substrate increases along a thickness direction of the light-to-heat conversion layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal shutter includes: a first plate including a first transparent electrode layer, a second plate disposed parallel to the first plate and including a second transparent electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first plate and the second plate and is configured to transmit or block light according to a first potential difference between the first transparent electrode layer and the second transparent electrode layer, and a heating electrode configured to generate a second potential difference for generating heat in the first transparent electrode layer.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a humidifying unit that generates humidified gas, a drying unit that dries ink applied to a sheet by a recording unit, a first duct that supplies gas discharged from the drying unit to at least one of the humidifying unit and the recording unit, and a second duct that supplies the humidified gas generated by the humidifying unit to the recording unit.

Abstract: A heater for a display such as a liquid crystal display (LCD). The heater includes a transparent film, a transparent conductive layer formed on a surface of the transparent film, and an optically clear adhesive (OCA) disposed over the conductive layer. The heater may be laminated directly to a rear transparent (e.g., glass) plate of an LC cell of the LCD using the OCA in a manner that is substantially free of air gaps or bubbles between the heater and the LC cell. Front and rear polarizers may be respectively disposed on outside surfaces of the LC cell and the heater.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a body of fluid, a lower conductor layer disposed below the body of fluid, and a dielectric layer disposed between the body of fluid and the lower conductor layer, connected to the lower conductor layer and supporting the body of fluid. The dielectric layer includes a matrix and a liquid crystal material disposed in the matrix and including liquid crystal molecules. The dielectric layer has a segment disposed adjacent to the fluid. When the segment of the dielectric layer is exposed to an electric field, the body of fluid undergoes electrowetting or dielectrophoresis mechanism, and the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules that are disposed in the segment of the dielectric layer is changed.

Abstract: Liquid crystal waveguides for dynamically controlling the refraction of light. Generally, liquid crystal materials may be disposed within a waveguide in a cladding proximate or adjacent to a core layer of the waveguide. In one example, portions of the liquid crystal material can be induced to form refractive or lens shapes in the cladding that interact with a portion (e.g. evanescent) of light in the waveguide so as to permit electronic control of the refraction/bending, focusing, or defocusing of light as it travels through the waveguide. In one example, a waveguide may be formed using one or more patterned or shaped electrodes that induce formation of such refractive or lens shapes of liquid crystal material, or alternatively, an alignment layer may have one or more regions that define such refractive or lens shapes to induce formation of refractive or lens shapes of the liquid crystal material.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates, liquid crystal molecules positioned between the first and second substrates, a heat generating electrode for generating heat in response to a direct current being supplied to the heating electrode, and a backlight unit for irradiating light onto the first and second substrates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system and method for the optical calibration of the temperature of a micro-environment. The system comprises a thermochromic liquid crystal in combination with a luminophore. The steps of the method comprise providing in combination in the micro-environment at least one thermochromic liquid crystal and a luminophore, varying the temperature of the environment while irradiating the combination with light that includes light at one or more excitation wavelengths of the luminophore, and monitoring luminescence emitted by the combination while recording the temperature of the environment.

Abstract: Liquid crystal waveguides for dynamically controlling the refraction of light. Generally, liquid crystal materials may be disposed within a waveguide in a cladding proximate or adjacent to a core layer of the waveguide. In one example, portions of the liquid crystal material can be induced to form refractive or lens shapes in the cladding that interact with a portion (e.g. evanescent) of light in the waveguide so as to permit electronic control of the refraction/bending, focusing, or defocusing of light as it travels through the waveguide. In one example, a waveguide may be formed using one or more patterned or shaped electrodes that induce formation of such refractive or lens shapes of liquid crystal material, or alternatively, an alignment layer may have one or more regions that define such refractive or lens shapes to induce formation of refractive or lens shapes of the liquid crystal material.

Abstract: A flat panel liquid crystal display has a front plate and a rear plate with a layer of liquid crystal material maintained in a cavity between them. A thin film transistor array layer is disposed in the cavity, as is an integral heater with a grid of intersecting sets of horizontal and vertical conductors. The heating capacity of the heater is predeterminably set by selectively interrupting continuity of at least some of the intersecting conductors. In some embodiments, the discontinuities occur in only one set of the intersecting conductors.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display panel, a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a TFT substrate and a color filter substrate. An ITO film is formed on a front surface of the color filter substrate. By supplying an electric current to the ITO film at the time of staring an operation of the liquid crystal display panel, a temperature of the liquid crystal layer is elevated to a level which allows the liquid crystal layer to perform a normal operation within a short time. By forming a plating electrode on two sides of the color filter substrate, it is possible to uniformly supply an electric current to the ITO film thus enabling uniform heating of the color filter substrate.

Abstract: A flat panel liquid crystal display has a front plate and a rear plate with a layer of liquid crystal material maintained in a cavity between them. A thin film transistor array layer is disposed in the cavity, as is an integral heater with a grid of intersecting sets of horizontal and vertical conductors. The heating capacity of the heater is predeterminably set by selectively interrupting continuity of at least some of the intersecting conductors. In some embodiments, the discontinuities occur in only one set of the intersecting conductors.

Abstract: A method comprising arranging a first heating element on a first liquid crystal elastomer, arranging a first layer of thermal paste on the first heating element, and arranging a second liquid crystal elastomer on the first layer of thermal paste.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a first liquid crystal elastomer, a first heating element, a first layer of thermal paste, and a second liquid crystal elastomer. The apparatus further comprising a second heating element, a second layer of thermal paste, and a third liquid crystal elastomer. The heating element can be a nickel-chromium heating element. A method comprising arranging a first heating element on a first liquid crystal elastomer, arranging a first layer of thermal paste on the first heating element, and arranging a second liquid crystal elastomer on the first layer of thermal paste.

Abstract: A liquid crystal component module comprises a liquid crystal dielectric layer, first and second electrically conductive layers disposed to oppose each other with the liquid crystal dielectric layer interposed therebetween, a voltage applying device which applies a DC voltage to the liquid crystal dielectric layer so as to control the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal dielectric layer, a temperature regulating element for changing the temperature of the liquid crystal dielectric layer, and a temperature control device which changes the temperature of the liquid crystal dielectric layer by means of the temperature regulating element so as to cause transition of the liquid crystal dielectric layer between solid phase and liquid phase.

Abstract: A method and system for removing heat from an LED facilitates the fabrication of LEDs having enhanced brightness. A thermally conductive interposer can be attached to the top of the LED. Heat can flow through the top of the LED and into the interposer. The interposer can carry the heat away from the LED. Light can exit the LED though an at least partially transparent substrate of the LED. By removing heat from an LED, the use of more current through the LED is facilitated, thus resulting in a brighter LED.

Abstract: A method and system for removing heat from an LED facilitates the fabrication of LEDs having enhanced brightness. A thermally conductive interposer can be attached to the top of the LED. Heat can flow through the top of the LED and into the interposer. The interposer can carry the heat away from the LED. Light can exit the LED though an at least partially transparent substrate of the LED. By removing heat from an LED, the use of more current through the LED is facilitated, thus resulting in a brighter LED.

Abstract: A memory device includes first electrodes, second electrodes, third electrodes, heaters, and memory cells between the first electrodes and the heaters. Each third electrode is provided on the heaters, and each second electrode is provided at a side portion of the heaters. Each memory cell contains an electroconductive liquid crystal compound having a long linear conjugate structure and exhibiting a smectic phase as a liquid crystal phase. Information can be written in the memory cells by selectively heating the heaters to cause the corresponding memory cells to have both electroconductivity and optical anisotropy.

Abstract: An optical element comprises a pair of substrates each having an electrode and bonded together with a gap therebetween and a light adjusting material including a liquid crystal and enclosed in the gap. Each of the pair of substrates has an electrode connecting portion to be connected to an external circuit. At least a part of the electrode connecting portion of each of the substrates is located on the same side as that of the optical element. The electrode connecting portion of one of the substrates and the electrode connecting portion of the other of the substrates have respective electrode portions at regions that are not opposed to each other. The electrode portion of each of the electrode connecting portions is connected to the external circuit.

Abstract: A thin and compact liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel with first and second substrates, each having a display area and a non-display area, which are bonded to each other and separated from each other by liquid crystal material. A thermally conductive layer is formed on any one of the first and second substrates to prevent the liquid crystal material from becoming too cool, thereby preventing temperature-dependent formation of bubbles within the liquid crystal material. Such a liquid crystal display device may be simply fabricated.

Abstract: A flat panel display having a black mask EMI layer isolated from Vcom and tied to zero potential. The flat panel display has a integral metal heater layer and thermal sensor that are in close proximity to the liquid crystals to provide efficient heating and temperature sensing.

Abstract: An in-plane switching (IPS) mode liquid crystal display (LCD) device is disclosed which includes a heater line to achieve an improvement in reliability under low temperature conditions. The LCD device includes a first substrate and a second substrate which face each other, a gate line and a data line which are formed on the first substrate such that the gate line and the data line cross each other to define a pixel region, a common electrode and a pixel electrode which are formed on the first substrate in the pixel region, a heater line formed on the first substrate such that the heater line corresponds to the common electrode adjacent to one side of the data line, and a liquid crystal layer formed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A backlight unit includes at least one cold cathode fluorescent lamp arranged at a lower end of a bottom cover, external electrode fluorescent lamps arranged on the bottom cover above the cold cathode fluorescent lamp, and inverters disposed on a rear side of the bottom cover for driving the at least one cold cathode fluorescent lamp and the external electrode fluorescent lamps.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is disclosed. The disclosed device includes a first substrate including a plurality of gate and data lines defining a plurality of pixel regions, heating conductive lines having first conductive lines formed substantially in parallel with the gate lines and second conductive lines formed substantially in parallel with the data lines, thin film transistors (TFT) connected to the corresponding gate lines and data lines, and pixel electrodes connected to the corresponding TFTs. The disclosed device also includes a second substrate including a plurality of color filters formed corresponding to the pixel regions, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. At least one of the second conductive lines is separated from at least one of the first conductive lines.

Abstract: Device for controlling spreading of liquid crystal including a stage, and variable temperature controlling means in the stage for controlling spreading of the liquid crystal, wherein the variable temperature controlling means is formed of a heating wire, and controls a temperature within a varied temperature of approximately 30°-120°, thereby reducing gaps of liquid crystal drops.

Abstract: There is provided an LCD (liquid crystal display device) having a function of temperature maintenance. The LCD includes: a liquid crystal panel having a common heating electrode and a temperature detection unit formed in a predetermined region of the liquid crystal panel, for detecting a temperature of the liquid crystal panel and controlling a current applied to the common heating electrode.

Abstract: A flat panel display having a black mask EMI layer isolated from Vcom and tied to zero potential. The flat panel display has an integral metal heater layer and thermal sensor that are in close proximity to the liquid crystals to provide efficient heating and temperature sensing.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a recording method for recording an image on a thermosensible image bearing medium that contains liquid crystal material. The liquid crystal exhibits a cholesteric phase at a temperature range higher than a room temperature so as to reflect selected wavelength of light based on heated temperature within the temperature range. Since the cholesteric liquid crystal material has a different response time for each selective reflection wavelength, an optimum energy application time is required for obtaining a desired recording color. Accordingly, in the recording method, it is getting higher the heating temperature, shorter the application time. The application time can be adjusted by the pulse width and/or pulse number of the applied energy.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) includes an LCD panel providing a surface. A flexible heating system of the invention includes a substantially transparent flexible sheet substrate disposed adjacent the surface of the LCD panel and a substantially transparent resistive heating element formed on the flexible sheet substrate. One or more serpentine shaped thermal sensors are formed in the resistive heating element. Control circuitry coupled to the serpentine shaped thermal sensors and to the substantially transparent resistive heating element and other heaters controls the heating element and other heaters based resistances of the serpentine shaped thermal sensors.

Abstract: An optical path deflecting element easily can realize a uniform alignment condition although liquid crystal of a large cone angle is used therein. In the optical path deflecting element, a slope region is formed between two transparent substrates arranged to have a slope angle &thgr;. A liquid crystal layer of a chiral smectic C phase is provided in the slope region. The liquid crystal is aligned in a single-stable condition where a stable condition direction and an unstable condition direction coexist. Here, the stable condition direction is the major axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules aligned in a rubbing direction, and the unstable condition is the major axis direction at time when a voltage is applied between transparent electrode films. In such a single-stable liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal can be uniformly aligned more easily than in a case where the liquid crystal is aligned in a bistable condition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal cell (1) has electrical heating formed by an electrically conductive heating layer (3) on a substrate (2). On opposite sides, a clamp (4) forming a busbar in each case reaches over the substrate (2) and bears on the heating layer (3) by a limb (5). For connection to the heating current source, a spring element (7) is arranged between a limb (6) of the clamp (4) and a printed circuit board (8).

Abstract: A heat reversible recording medium is disclosed which includes a cholesteric liquid crystal compound. By selective application of differing temperature profiles, regions of the recording medium can be fixed in states which selectively reflect light in different wavelengths thus providing the ability to fix color images in the medium. The disclosure also includes a method of recording a color image using a medium which includes a cholesteric liquid crystal compound, an apparatus for fixing an image in the recording medium as well as several cholesteric liquid crystal compounds which are suitable for use in the method and apparatus.

Abstract: A pressure sealing apparatus and method for a ferroelectric liquid crystal display is disclosed for improving an alignment characteristic of a liquid crystal. In the apparatus and method, simultaneously with a pressurization of a liquid crystal display panel into which a liquid crystal has been injected, the liquid crystal display panel is subjected to a temperature treatment along with an application of an electric field.

Abstract: An interback-type device in which a substrate 9 is carried into the device from one side of the device and is inverted in the device to be carried out and returned to the same side, a plurality of vacuum processing chambers 21, 22, 23 are longitudinally-provided and hermetically connected, and a carry system which passes through these vacuum chambers for carrying the substrate along established carry lines 94, 95L, 95R is provided. The carry line includes an outward carry line 94 toward an inversion position and return carry lines 95L, 95R returning from the inversion position, and the outward line 94 and return carry lines 94, 95L, 95R are different parallel paths, and the return carry lines 95L, 95R are branched in plurality. The outward carry line 94 and return carry lines 95L, 95R are established to pass through the same three processing chambers 21, 22, 23.

Abstract: A transflective color display having apertures in reflective electrodes through which light from a backlight (9) passes in the transmissive mode. The switching behavior for both the reflective and the transmissive mode is made identical by introducing a retardation plate (11). The transmission efficiency is further increased by using only a monochrome green mode in transmission.

Abstract: A thermosensitive display device including a thermosensitive material applied in a thin layer, and an array of resistors arranged on a thin flexible film. Each one of said resistors has a thin planar configuration and extends in the plane of said flexible film and essentially covers a square-shaped area. The resistors are arranged to emit host energy all over said square-shaped area when fed with electricity. The thin layer with thermosensitive material is applied directly in thermal contact with the thin flexible film. The device further including means for controlling the temperature in each of said areas.