Abstract: The invention provides a method of filling a PDLC cell, a polymerizable mixture suitable for this purpose as well as a display device provided with such a PDLC cell. The mixture in accordance with the invention comprises two types of non-volatile reactive monomers, the first type of monomer being readily miscible with liquid crystalline material and the second type of monomer being poorly miscible with the liquid crystalline material. Such mixtures prove to be very stable. In addition, when such mixtures are used in cells, problems regarding compositional drift do not occur. Cells in which the inventive mixture is used demonstrate a relatively low hysteresis as well as a relatively low switching voltage. By virtue thereof, it is very attractive to use these cells in a display device.

Abstract: Liquid crystal compounds of formula (I) are described, where formula (I) is given as R1—A—(X)m—(B)n—R2 where A is selected from naphthyl, fluorinated naphthyl, brominated naphthyl, B is selected from phenyl, methylated phenyl, brominated phenyl, fluorinated phenyl, thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine. R1 and R2 are independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, akynyl, thioalkyl, Br, CN, SCN, NCS, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroalkoxy and hydrogen, X is selected from C≡C, COO and C≡C, m is 0 or 1, n is 0 or 1 where m is 1 and n is 0 where m is 0; provided that where A is naphthyl, n is 1 and m is 0 then B is selected from methylated phenyl, brominated phenyl, thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine; and further provided that where A is naphthyl, X is C≡C, m is 1 and n is 1, then B is selected from thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display has a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal between transparent substrates, and a plurality of phase gratings are formed in the holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal so as to selectively reflect light components for the three primary colors.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display element in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in polymer composition sandwiched between a pair of substrates each having an electrode at the inside thereof, the liquid crystal droplets are formed to have substantially the same shape and size with minimized variations in particle size so that the liquid crystal droplets can be stably kept in the bipolar-form orientation pattern within a wide temperature range, to minimize hysteresis of transmittance of light to a voltage applied across the electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device, materials for making the device, and method of making and using the device, and several applications of the device, having memory is responsive to respective inputs to assume respective optical responses; the liquid crystal may be liquid crystal microencapsulated in a containment medium; the memory capability of the device allows the device to hold a prescribed optical response condition even though one of the inputs changes between respective states or values.

Abstract: Briefly, according to one aspect of the invention, liquid crystal material is microencapsulated by a method utilizing an interfacial polymerization reaction which creates a combination of polyurethane and polyurea polymers which form the capsule walls surrounding the discrete liquid crystal droplets. The formed capsule walls are designed to have an adjustable refractive index so as to allow for the matching of the refractive index to that of the liquid crystal and polymeric binder materials. This allows for the production of a liquid crystal droplet surrounded by polymer film, which is optically clear when the liquid crystal director is aligned with the electric field. The microencapsulated liquid crystal droplets improves the dye stability of a dichroic dye and enhances the contrast of a liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A method of the present invention for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal region surrounded by a polymer material, includes the steps of: attaching a pair of substrates to each other, each having at least an electrode film; disposing a precursor mixture containing a liquid crystal material, a polymerizable resin material and a polymerization initiator, between the pair of substrate; precipitating a liquid crystal droplet by varying a temperature of the precursor mixture; growing the precipitated liquid crystal droplet; curing the polymerizable resin material at a temperature allowing the liquid crystal droplet to be 80% or more of a pixel in size and to be independently present within a pixel region; and applying an external field across the substrates to pre-tilt the molecules of the liquid crystal droplet.

Abstract: A holographically formed reflective display includes first and second substrates, a liquid crystal material located between the first and second substrates and a plurality of anisotropic polymer sheets separating the liquid crystal material into a plurality of liquid crystal material regions. The anisotropic polymer sheets reduce haze in the display and operates in the reverse mode when viewed from various viewing angles. The holographically formed reflective display may be used to form a color liquid crystal display and a color projection system.

Abstract: A paper-white reflective display that has improved photopic white reflectance, a high contrast, a lack of haze or opaqueness when viewed from various viewing angles and lower drive voltages. The paper-white reflective display includes first and second substrates, a plurality of groups of liquid crystal and polymer layers located between the first and second substrates, each of the plurality of groups of liquid crystal and polymer layers being reflective of different wavelengths of light and a voltage source connected between the first and second substrates that selectively applies a voltage to all of the liquid crystal and polymer layers.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element includes a polymer liquid crystal composite layer in which liquid crystal droplets are dispersed and held in a continuous phase of matrix comprising polymer compound, or liquid crystals are dispersed and held in networks of matrix of a three dimensional network form comprising polymer compound. All areas of this polymer liquid crystal composite layer, except a non-active area, in which cracks will develop, in the vicinity of a sealant, is formed as an active area, so that, even when the cracks develop, stripy display unevenness caused by the cracks can be prevented from being visually confirmed on a display screen.

Abstract: A liquid crystal optical device including a liquid crystal/polymer composite film including of a matrix polymer composed mainly of a transparent resin having an ionic dissociative group and, dispersed therein, a liquid crystal particle; and conductive substrates sandwiching the liquid crystal/polymer composite film therebetween, at least one of the conductive substrates being transparent.

Abstract: A polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device is disclosed. A polymer dispersed liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a pair of substrates inside which electrodes are formed, respectively. The substrates are disposed to be opposite to each other and to be spaced to a cell gap. A liquid crystal polymer network and liquid crystal droplets which are phase separated from each other, are interposed between the substrates. The liquid crystal polymer network is perpendicularly arranged to the planes of the substrates regardless of presence or absence of electrical field. The liquid crystal droplets includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules and are dispersed in the liquid crystal polymer network. The liquid crystal polymer network has a birefringe index which is similar to that of the liquid crystal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a pair of electrode substrates opposing each other, a polymer wall, and a liquid crystal region surrounded by the polymer wall, the polymer wall and the liquid crystal region being sandwiched by the pair of electrode substrates. At least one of a concave portion and a convex portion is formed on a surface of at least one of the pair of electrode substrates facing the liquid crystal region, and liquid crystal molecules are oriented in the liquid crystal region axial-symmetrically around the vicinity of the at least one of concave portion and convex portion as an axis vertical to the electrode substrates.

Abstract: Polymer/cholesteric liquid crystal dispersions are provided in which the liquid crystal phase separated from the polymer matrix to form droplets. The cholesteric liquid crystals were positive dielectric anisotropic. At a zero field condition, the liquid crystal in the droplets was bistable, that is, the liquid crystal can be in either the reflecting planar state or the scattering focal conic state. When the liquid crystal 101 was in the planar texture, the helical axis of the liquid crystal was more or less perpendicular to the cell surface; colored light 105 was Bragg reflected. When the liquid crystal 101 was in the focal conic texture, the helical axis was more or less parallel to the cell surface, incident light was scattering 106 in the forward direction.

Abstract: A polymer dispersed liquid crystal electro-optical device comprising a liquid crystal polymer complex layer having a liquid crystal and a polymer, wherein said liquid crystal and said polymer are aligned in the same direction when no electric field is applied, and an electrode structure formed on each side of said liquid crystal polymer complex layer for applying an electric field to said liquid crystal polymer complex layer to align said liquid crystal along the electric field so as to render said liquid crystal polymer complex layer in a light-scattering state.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises extended polymer networks formed in the liquid crystal cells. By adding a monomer and a photo-initiator into the liquid crystal material of a liquid crystal display, applying a bias voltage and exposing the display under a UV light, a polymer network can be formed. The polymer network modifies the electro-optical characteristic of a liquid crystal display device. With different bias voltages, polymer networks of different structures can be formed so that the color difference of the liquid crystal display with respect to red, green and blue light can be minimized. Liquid crystal display devices of fast switching response and low color dispersion can be fabricated.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device according to this invention realizes three-dimensional picture images without using lenticular lenses etc. In addition, this liquid crystal display device has a transparent picture screen so that remote display picture images or three-dimensional picture images of high luminance are seen multiplexed with the background. The display device is constructed by arranging picture elements in which volume-phase type holograms are formed by a periodical construction of liquid crystals and polymers. Diffraction light from first picture element groups which are distributed uniformly reaches a left eye of an observer while diffraction light from second picture element groups which are distributed uniformly reaches a right eye of an observer. The condition of the picture elements are switched to diffract irradiated light or to transmit the light, thus a desired picture image comprising a dot matrix can be displayed.

Abstract: Disclosed are uniformly sized domains of liquid crystals, a method for forming the domains, and their performance in polymer dispersed liquid crystal displays. The method provides the ability to form discrete domains of liquid crystal surrounded by a polymer shell, also known as polymer encased liquid crystals, or PELCs. Further, the method provides for the ability to make PELCs that have uniformly sized particles. Displays made comprising uniformly sized PELCs demonstrate markedly improved electro-optical performance over displays made by conventional polymer dispersed liquid crystal processes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel includes a first substrate on which pixel electrodes are formed in a matrix pattern, a second substrate on which a counter electrode is formed, an ultraviolet reducing layer formed on one of the first and second substrates and corresponding to the matrix pattern of the pixel electrodes and a polymer dispersion liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second. The liquid crystal layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet light from the side on which the ultraviolet reducing layer is formed. The polymer dispersion liquid crystal layer is arranged between the counter electrode and each pixel electrode and has an average liquid crystal drop diameter which is larger than that arranged in other areas.

Abstract: A method for the loading and alignment of liquid crystal polymers in electro-optic and electro-active devices by in-situ polymerization between substrates of liquid crystal monomers. The molecular weight of the resulting liquid crystal polymer is controlled by the addition of a chain transfer reagent, for example, a thiol-containing compound which may be a liquid crystal material.

Abstract: In a light control element whose reflection factor or transmission factor varies in response to an external stimulus such as voltage by having layer structure in which the refractive index varies periodically, design is made such that the difference in refractive index between adjacent layers in a reflected state becomes sufficiently great and the half-amplitude level of reflection spectrum becomes sufficiently high. A light control layer is interposed between supporting plates, and the light control layer is obtained by alternately laminating a nonsensitive layer and a sensitive layer in the Z-axis direction.In the nonsensitive layer, the oriented direction of the liquid crystal is fixed in the X-axis direction, while in the sensitive layer, the liquid crystal is oriented in the X-axis direction. On the supporting plate, a pair of electrodes and facing to each other in the Y-direction are so formed as to extend in a striped shape in the X-axis direction respectively.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell filled with a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer 15 comprising liquid crystal droplets 15.sub.1 dispersed in a polymer 15.sub.2 between a first glass base plate 11 with a first transparent electrode 12 and a second glass base plate 13 with a second transparent electrode 14, is placed between crossed Nicols formed by a first polarizer 16 and a second polarizer 17, with a backlight 18 situated on the outer side thereof, the diameter of the liquid crystal droplets 15.sub.1 is between 3 .mu.m and 100 .mu.m, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal droplets 15.sub.1 are twisted to between 30.degree. and 180.degree.. The liquid crystals used have a dielectric anisotropy .DELTA..epsilon. which is negative when the frequency of the electric field is high and positive when the frequency is low, and by adjusting the dielectric anisotropy .DELTA..epsilon. via the frequency of the electric field it is possible to form liquid crystal droplets of a desired diameter.

Abstract: A broadband reflective display has improved reflectivity as well as a lack of haze or opaqueness when viewed from various viewing angles, a reduced drive voltage compared to conventional devices and an improved peak photopic reflectance. The broadband reflective display includes a plurality of pairs of substrates, a plurality of groups of alternating liquid crystal and polymer layers formed between each of the pairs of substrates, each of the groups of liquid crystal and polymer layers being reflective of different wavelengths of light.

Abstract: A mixed material of liquid crystals and resin is dropped on at least one substrate in an amount greater than the amount needed to cover a display area for the LCD panel. The substrate is adhered to another substrate, and excess material is removed to the outside of a display area. The phase-separation of the liquid crystals and resin is carried out by irradiating light while pressure is added to at least one substrate, so that a liquid crystal display panel applied to a liquid crystal display device or a light shutter can be manufactured without applying a complex vacuum device.

Abstract: A polymer-dispersed liquid crystal device comprises a multiplicity of droplets of a birefringent, functionally nematic liquid crystal material dispersed in a matrix comprising the reaction product of ultraviolet radiation polymerizable materials. The device specularly transmits incident light as a function of the magnitude of an electric field applied across the device. The difference between a first applied voltage corresponding to a first percentage of the total incident light transmitted by the device as specular light and a second applied voltage corresponding to a second percentage of the total incident light transmitted by the device as specular light is greater than or equal to 15 volts. As a result, a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal device according to the invention displays a variable grey scale which has a uniform optical transmission. A method for preparing a PDLC device in general is also disclosed.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device according to this invention realizes three-dimensional picture images without using lenticular lenses etc. In addition, this liquid crystal display device has a transparent picture screen so that remote display picture images or three-dimensional picture images of high luminance are seen multiplexed with the background. The display device is constructed by arranging picture elements in which volume-phase type holograms are formed by a periodical construction of liquid crystals and polymers. Diffraction light from first picture element groups which are distributed uniformly reaches a left eye of an observer while diffraction light from second picture element groups which are distributed uniformly reaches a right eye of an observer. The condition of the picture elements are switched to diffract irradiated light or to transmit the light, thus a desired picture image comprising a dot matrix can be displayed.

Abstract: Bright-polarizer-free, active-matrix liquid crystal displays (AMLCDs) are formed on plastic substrates. The primary components of the display are a pixel circuit fabricated on one plastic substrate, an intervening liquid-crystal material, and a counter electrode on a second plastic substrate. The-pixel circuit contains one or more thin-film transistors (TFTs) and either a transparent or reflective pixel electrode manufactured at sufficiently low temperatures to avoid damage to the plastic substrate. Fabrication of the TFTs can be carried out at temperatures less than 100.degree. C. The liquid crystal material is a commercially made nematic curvilinear aligned phase (NCAP) film. The counter electrode is comprised of a plastic substrate coated with a transparent conductor, such as indium-doped tin oxide (ITO). By coupling the active matrix with NCAP, a high-information content can be provided in a bright, fully plastic package.

Abstract: A mixed material of liquid crystals and resin is dropped on at least one substrate in an amount greater than the amount needed to cover a display area for the LCD panel. The substrate is adhered to another substrate, and excess material is removed to the outside of a display area. The phase-separation of the liquid crystals and resin is carried out by irradiating light while pressure is added to at least one substrate, so that a liquid crystal display panel applied to a liquid crystal display device or a light shutter can be manufactured without applying a complex vacuum device.

Abstract: Polymeric dispersed liquid crystal composites containing a polymeric continuous phase and a discontinuous phase comprising a metallo organic mesogen. Also included are electro-optical films of such compositions and electro-optical devices containing such compositions. The continuous phase is a thermosetting or thermoplastic polymeric composition. The discontinuous phase may also contain non-metal containing liquid crystals that are compatible with the metallo organic mesogen.

Abstract: Disclosed are uniformly sized domains of liquid crystals, a method for forming the domains, and their performance in polymer dispersed liquid crystal displays. The method provides the ability to form discrete domains of liquid crystal surrounded by a polymer shell, also known as polymer encased liquid crystals, or PELCs. Further, the method provides for the ability to make PELCs that have uniformly sized particles. Displays made comprising uniformly sized PELCs demonstrate markedly improved electro-optical performance over displays made by conventional polymer dispersed liquid crystal processes.

Abstract: An encapsulated liquid crystal layer is patterned by placing a mask into contact with a coated substrate. The mask is held against the substrate, for example, by a vacuum, to form a seal. The assembly is submerged in a solvent to dissolve the exposed region of the encapsulated liquid crystal material.

Abstract: The liquid crystal device is constituted by disposing a display layer between a pair of electrode plates. The display layer comprises a porous polymer material having open pores partially filled and a low-molecular weight mesomorphic compound impregnating the porous polymer material. The display layer is free from an unfilled portion of the low-molecular weight mesomorphic compound to be effective for providing a liquid crystal device showing a high transmittance and a good contrast. The display layer also comprises a three dimensional network structure coated with a polymer layer, and a low-molecular weight mesomorphic compound impregnating the three-dimensional network structure. The display layer is free from a fibrous part which is unstable against an applied voltage to be effective for providing a liquid crystal device showing no hysteresis.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates; and an electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer includes a polymer dispersed liquid crystal material having a polymer phase and a liquid crystal phase, and fulfills the conditions represented by:2.585.multidot.d.sup.(-1/3) -0.3<R<2.585.multidot.d.sup.(-1/3) +0.3where d represents the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the unit of micrometers and R represents the characteristic length of the liquid crystal phase in the unit of micrometers.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device of this invention includes: a pair of substrates facing each other and a display medium sandwiched between the pair of substrates. In this liquid crystal display device, at least one of the pair of substrates is a flexible film having polarizer properties and the display medium includes a liquid crystal phase and a polymer phase.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising a pair of electrodes formed on a pair of substrates, a pair of orientation films formed on the substrates to cover said electrodes, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the substrates, wherein a plurality of pixels are provided between the facing sides of the pair of electrodes, and the liquid crystal layer comprises, in each pixel, regions with continuously or stepwise varying threshold values.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a novel Polymer-Dispersed Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Display (PDF LCD). The active matrix LCD such as a TFT LCD, the solution of low response speed of nematic LCD, requires very high production costs. The FLCD utilizing ferroelectric liquid crystal exhibits highly rapid response speed, but results in an unstable structure, difficult fabrication, and incompetency of expressing gray scales. Meanwhile, the PD LCD exhibits a simple structure, wide viewing angle and high strength, but low contrast thereof disqualifies it for image displays. The present invention combines the PD LCD and FLCD, that is, droplets of ferroelectric liquid crystal are dispersed in a polymer matrix to include the merits and compensate for the shortcomings of each. As a result, there is provided a novel PDF LCD having very rapid response speed, resistance to external shock or heat, and high contrast.

Abstract: A liquid crystal layer composing a liquid crystal display apparatus is formed by being laminated with a plurality of single particle layers of liquid crystal micro-capsules having a uniform size and being arranged in a two-dimensional crystal array, the liquid crystal micro-capsule being formed by cladding a liquid crystal droplet with a medium having a constant thickness. The liquid crystal micro-capsule is formed by being cladded with a medium composed of gelatine and gum arabic. Further, the single particle layer has a filling medium for making the surface flat and filling the gaps among the liquid crystal micro-capsules. The filling medium is composed of gelatine and gum arabic.

Abstract: This invention provides liquid crystal compositions for light controlling materials of light scattering type having both memory and high speed response characteristics. The composition neither needs a temperature controlling device nor a device for imparting a shear stress as a memory erasing device, because the composition comprises a two-frequency addressing liquid crystal or such liquid crystal with an ionic component.The two-frequency addressing liquid crystal responds to an electric field and exhibits a positive dielectric anisotropy or a negative dielectric anisotropy depending on the frequency region of the electric field. Because the flat shaped particles of the present invention exhibit an affinity with the liquid crystal, the particles are dispersed in the liquid crystal and form liquid crystal domains effectively.

Abstract: A method for forming a uniformly-spaced plastic substrate liquid crystal cell (100) includes the step of forming a cell with a liquid crystal-monomer mixture (150) disposed between upper and lower plastic substrates (111, 112). The cell (100) is then exposed to ultraviolet light (170) causing the monomer to be selectively polymerized to form support walls (108) between substrates (111, 112) of the cell in the light-intense areas. The monomer may be selectively polymerized by exposing the cell (100) through a mask (180, 188). The distance between the substrates (111, 112) is maintained before the walls (108) are formed by dispersing plastic ball spacers (114) between the substrates (111, 112). During exposure to the UV light, the substrates (111, 112) are sandwiched between substantially planar supports (182, 184) to maintain contact between the substrates (111, 112) and the spacers (114) and thus a uniform distance between the substrates (111, 112).

Abstract: A pair of substrates both having electrodes are arranged to oppose each other and bonded via a sealing member. A liquid crystal/polymer composite film is formed inside this structure, and color filters of red, green, and blue are formed on one of the two substrates. This liquid crystal/polymer composite film consists of liquid crystal domains and a polymer. The liquid crystal domains are so formed that regions corresponding to the color filters of different colors have an essentially equal optical effect on light components having the respective transmission wavelength bends of these color filters. The polymer is formed by polymerizing a photosetting polymeric material.

Abstract: A polymer dispersed liquid crystal optical device is presented which has optical elements which control reflection, transmission and diffraction of incident light entering the device by adjusting the magnitude of the electrical field applied to the device between a maximum and a minimum limits. An optical element consists of a polymer material having an electrical field-independent refractive index, and a liquid crystal material having an electrical field-dependent refractive index. The optical elements are distributed through the device at specific inter-element spacings, thus enabling to generate reflection of incident light in accordance with Bragg's law of reflection. The inter-element spacings can also be varied by the application of the field, thus enabling to generate reflection of light of a desired wavelength. Such optical elements are ideal for use in full color optical display apparatus of a matrix driven type.

Abstract: An electrooptical system is disclosed in which a PDLC film is positioned between 2 electrode layers. The PDLC film contains a liquid crystal mixture forming microdroplets in an optically isotropic, transparent polymer matrix. The liquid crystal mixture comprises one or more compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, Q, Y and n are as herein defined, and one or more reactive liquid crystalline compounds. The PDLC film exhibits improved switching times, especially at low temperatures.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making a liquid crystal composite in which droplets of a liquid crystal material are dispersed in a polymer matrix. At least one further material separates the liquid crystal material from the polymer matrix. This construction permits the polymer matrix to be selected on the basis of its environmental properties and the further material to be selected on the basis of its orientational interactions with liquid crystal material. Light valves made from such a composite exhibit improved electro-optical properties.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making a liquid crystal composite including a dye. The method comprises forming volumes in which a liquid crystal material is surrounded by a containment medium, forming a dye dispersion, combining the dye dispersion and the volumes of liquid material, and treating that combination to facilitate the transfer of the dye into the volumes of liquid crystal material.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel includes a first substrate on which pixel electrodes are formed in a matrix pattern, a second substrate on which a counter electrode is formed, an ultraviolet reducing layer formed on one of the first and second substrates and corresponding to the matrix pattern of the pixel electrodes, and a polymer dispersion liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates. The polymer dispersion liquid crystal layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet light from the side on which the ultraviolet reducing layer is formed such that the polymer dispersion liquid crystal layer arranged between the counter electrode and each pixel electrode has an average liquid crystal drop diameter which is larger than that arranged in other areas.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device according to this invention realizes three-dimensional picture images without using lenticular lenses etc. In addition, this liquid crystal display device has a transparent picture screen so that remote display picture images or three-dimensional picture images of high luminance are seen multiplexed with the background. The display device is constructed by arranging picture elements in which volume-phase type holograms are formed by a periodical construction of liquid crystals and polymers. Diffraction light from first picture element groups which are distributed uniformly reaches a left eye of an observer while diffraction light from second picture element groups which are distributed uniformly reaches a right eye of an observer. The condition of the picture elements are switched to diffract irradiated light or to transmit the light, thus a desired picture image comprising a dot matrix can be displayed.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel having a polymer/liquid crystal composite film (PDLCD panel). The method includes the steps of preparing an upper substrate including active circuit portions having a pixel electrode and a TFT element and a capacitor, preparing a lower substrate including a black matrix, a color filter and common electrodes, joining the upper and lower substrates with a spacer to define a cell gap therebetween, injecting a composition comprising a liquid crystal, a UV curable monomer, a photo-curing initiator and a UV absorbent into the gap, and illuminating the composition with UV light.

Abstract: When two substrates for a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal display panel are joined with a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer therebetween, a substrate supporting stage of a substrate joining machine is controlled to keep the uniformity in the screen of a space between the two substrates at a visually satisfactorily uniform level, thereby enabling to produce a liquid crystal display device provided with a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal layer having high uniformity in the screen. The above stage is preferably a transparent plate such as a quartz substrate. The transparent plate is used to uniformly and effectively irradiate the liquid crystal layer with ultraviolet rays to cure the liquid crystal layer by photo-setting.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a pair of electrode substrates and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal complex film interposed between the pair of substrates. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal complex film includes a liquid crystal composition and a polymer resin composition. It is ensured that a value .DELTA.T is 25.degree. C. or less, and a glass transition temperature T.sub.g of the polymer resin composition is 60.degree. C. or more, the value .DELTA.T being defined as a difference between a phase transition temperature T.sub.CI of the liquid crystal composition between a liquid crystal phase and an isotropic liquid phase thereof and a phase transition temperature T.sub.matrix of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal complex film.

Abstract: An empty cell is produced by adhering an array substrate and a counterelectrode substrate with a sealant resin of a predetermined height. A mixture liquid comprising liquid crystal and a polymerizable photosetting resin is injected into the empty cell. Then, the cell is interposed between a flat rigid bench and a flat rigid plate, and the mixture liquid is heated to make it transparent. Then, the thickness of the mixture liquid is measured with an interferometer. If the measured thickness deviates from a predetermined range, the flat rigid plate is pressed until the measured thickness changes into the predetermined range. Then, the mixture liquid is irradiated to form a liquid crystal/resin composite layer. Then, the pressure is removed. Thus, a liquid crystal/resin composite layer of uniform thickness can be obtained.