Abstract: A system and a method for holographic refraction eye testing device is disclosed. The system renders one or more three dimensional objects within the holographic display device. The system updates the rendering of the one or more three dimensional objects within the holographic display device, by virtual movement of the one or more three dimensional objects within the level of depth. The system receives input from a user indicating alignment of the one or more three dimensional objects after the virtual movement. The system determines a delta between a relative virtual position of the one or more three dimensional objects at the moment of receiving input and an optimal virtual position and generates prescriptive remedy based on the delta.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for optical coherence tomography (OCT) of an eye are provided. The apparatus comprises a camera system, an OCT image-acquisition unit, and a control unit.

Abstract: The invention provides a hybrid OCT scanning device which improves OCT scanning of targets, including adaption for a ophthalmic targets (i.e. cornea, retina and fovea areas). The invention provides a movable beam modifying element which is adapted to be interposed in the probe radiation directed to the target, and the interposition of the movable element is synchronous with the periodicity of the OCT scan beam. The beam modifying element may include any of angular deflection regions, optical delay regions, or combinations of deflection and delay regions. Such regions of deflection and/or delay translate into a governable scan range, both lateral and depth, of a target region.

Abstract: A corneal hydration sensing system includes an illumination system configured to provide an illumination beam of terahertz radiation, an optical system arranged in an optical path of the illumination system to relay and direct at least a portion of the illumination beam of terahertz radiation onto a cornea of a subject and to receive at least a portion of terahertz radiation reflected from the cornea to provide a return beam of terahertz radiation, and a detection system arranged in an optical path of the return beam of terahertz radiation. The detection system is configured to provide a detection signal from detecting at least a portion of the return beam of terahertz radiation. The corneal hydration sensing system also includes a signal processing system configured to communicate with the detection system to receive the detection signal. The signal processing system processes the detection signal to provide a measure of an amount of hydration sensed in the cornea of the subject.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of calculating tear film lipid and aqueous layer thicknesses and/or corneal surface refractive index from interferometry data obtained from simultaneous measurements of the aqueous and lipid layers of the tear film along with a measurement of the corneal surface reflectance.

Abstract: A system includes a mirror having an axis extending through a central portion thereof, and a portion of the mirror being configured to repeatedly oscillate between a first position and a second position around the axis, so as to record a field of up to 200 degrees of a portion of the central and peripheral retina, a first scanner configured to use a spectral domain optical coherence tomography system to obtain a non-contact wide angle optical coherence tomography-image of the portion of the central and peripheral retina, and a second scanner configured to obtain an image of the retina, wherein the mirror is configured to oscillate so as to move the focal point of the mirror from one side of a pupil to another side, thereby permitting scanning light inside the eye to cover a predetermined peripheral field, thus creating a two dimensional or three dimensional image of the field.

Abstract: A system for imaging of the central and peripheral retina, includes one of a concave mirror and an elliptical mirror having an axis and being configured to rotate around the axis and a scanner configured to using a spectral domain optical coherence tomography system to obtain a non-contact wide angle OCT-image of a large portion of the central and peripheral retina.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an optical system for a fundus camera for reflection-free opthalmoscopy having a beam path with refractive and reflective optical elements which are used substantially in common for illumination and observation or recording. An imaging mirror system substantially comprising a plurality of reflecting optical elements in the form of mirrors and is provided for illuminating and imaging the fundus. At least one optical element, for example, mirror, is formed as a freeform mirror with an imaging, reflecting freeform surface. The optical elements are arranged in a housing in a precisely defined position and attitude relative to one another in such a way that an imaging of the reflecting surfaces of the optical elements on the image of the imaged retina is prevented within a wide diopter range of the patient's eye to be examined.

Abstract: A deformable mirror device includes a substrate; a plurality of electrodes provided on the substrate; a spacer disposed on the substrate; a support member disposed above the spacer and having an opening passing through from a first face of the support member facing to the substrate to a second face of the support member opposite from the first face; a deformable electrode film formed below the first face of the support member so as to be opposed to the electrodes with a distance and so as to cover the opening; an insulation film provided between the deformable electrode film and the support member; a reflection film provided on a face of the deformable electrode film opposite from the electrodes so as to overlap the opening; and a plurality of through holes passing through the reflection film and the deformable electrode film and disposed so as to overlap the opening.

Abstract: Two problems arise when measuring length at the eye by short-coherence interferometry. First, the measurement focus and coherence window usually do not coincide. Second, the scanning process along the eye axis is time-consumin g. Both result in poor signal quality and inaccurate measurements. The present application is directed to a short-coherence interferometer in which a right-angle mirror and focusing optics jointly carry out a periodic back-and-forth movement in such a way that the measurement beam focus which is generated by the focusing optics and imaged on the eye by relay optics is moved synchronously with the coherence window from the cornea along the optic axis of the eye to the fovea centralis. Further, different path lengths are generated in the measurement beam path and reference beam path by means of a plurality of reflectors, so that the scanning process is limited to distances which are smaller than the optical length of the eye.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drive circuit for driving a capacitive electromechanical transducer device. The capacitive electromechanical transducer device is constituted of two electromechanical transducer parts consisting of a first capacitive electromechanical transducer part and a second capacitive electromechanical transducer part and is operated in response to two-phase sinusoidal signals having mutually opposite phases. The drive circuit includes an inductor which resonates with the first electromechanical transducer part and the second electromechanical transducer part, and a resonance frequency of the resonance circuit is set substantially equal to an operation frequency of the electromechanical transducer device.

Abstract: A battery powered, hand held device to determine of there is significant retinal ischemia in the eye of a patient. The device detects the consequences of impaired blood flow in the eye of the patient and has a light source for emitting a light and a diffuser or diffuse spheroidal reflector that redirects the light from the light source toward the patient's eye. A set of electrodes contact the patients skin proximate to the eye and receives an electrical signal representing the eye's electrical response to the light stimulus. A microcontroller interprets the electrical signal sensed by the electrodes by using an algorithm to determine the degree of retinal ischemia of the patient. In one embodiment, there is a control that establishes the intensity of the light stimulus by measuring and using the area of the pupil.

Abstract: A rapid iris acquisition, tracking, and imaging system can be used at longer standoff distances and over larger capture volumes, without the active cooperation of subjects. The captured iris images can be used for biometric identification. Light illuminates the subjects' eyes. Eye reflection from the eyes is used to steer a high resolution camera to the eyes in order to capture images of the irises.

Abstract: A rapid iris acquisition, tracking, and imaging system can be used at longer standoff distances and over larger capture volumes, without the active cooperation of subjects. The captured iris images can be used for biometric identification. Light illuminates the subjects' eyes. Reflections from the eyes are used to steer a high resolution camera to the eyes in order to capture images of the irises.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drive circuit capable of suppressing the power consumption required for driving a capacitive electromechanical transducer device. For driving the capacitive electromechanical transducer device constituted of two electromechanical transducer parts consisting of a first capacitive electromechanical transducer part and a second capacitive electromechanical transducer part and operated in response to two-phase sinusoidal signals having mutually opposite phases, the drive circuit includes an inductor which resonates with the first electromechanical transducer part and the second electromechanical transducer part, and a resonance frequency of the resonance circuit is set substantially equal to an operation frequency of the electromechanical transducer device. The first electromechanical transducer part and the second electromechanical transducer part are driven by the resonance circuit having such a constitution.

Abstract: An improved ophthalmic fundus contact lens to observe and irradiate the interior of the eye. Internally the device consists of a ring of contiguous mirrors (12) with identical angulations arranged around a posterior concave lens (10). The outside surface of the instrument contains a wall (14) of exterior housing. A glass or transparent material (16) covers the anterior opening of the lens. The invention is particularly useful for faster and safer panretinal photocoagulation (PRP).

Abstract: An apparatus (100) for obtaining an image of the eye, has an alignment section (160) for aligning the pupil of the eye along an optical axis and a pupil sensor (170) for identifying pupil location and dimensions. An illumination section (112) has a light source (114) for providing an illumination beam and a spatial light modulator (125) for positioning and shaping the illumination beam according to the sensed location and dimensions of the pupil. An illumination beam partitioning mechanism (50) segments the illumination beam directed toward the pupil of the eye into at least one light-bearing segment (150) and at least one blocked segment. An actuator (132) coupled to the illumination beam partitioning mechanism (50) scans the at least one light-bearing segment (150) of the illumination beam across the pupil of the eye. An image sensor (146), aligned along the optical axis, obtains reflected light from the eye.

Abstract: An apparatus (220) for obtaining a scanned image of an eye has a reference locator for pupil alignment apparatus along an optical axis. A pupil profiling apparatus for obtaining an outline of the pupil has a pupil profiling light source (176), a sensor (170) for detecting reflected light, and a control logic processor (104) for computing an outline of the pupil according to detected light. An illumination apparatus (112) for directing visible illumination into the eye has a spatial light modulator (125) for shaping an illumination beam according to the detected outline, a scanning element (229), and a camera (146) for obtaining the scanned image by sensing a portion of the reflected illumination.

Abstract: A device 10 for rotationally moving a mirror includes a mirror mount 20 connected to a pivot lever 22. A motor 12 having a lead-screw 14 moves the lead-screw in a linear manner along an axis 26. An elongated angled member 18 is connected to the lead-screw 14 and abuts the pivot lever 22. The elongated angled member 18 is set at a non-parallel angle with respect to the lead-screw 14 so that as the lead-screw 14 is moved along its axis 26 the elongated angled member 18 causes the pivot lever 22 to pivot, and in turn, causes the mirror 20 to rotate.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus suitable for capturing a image of one or more of a user's facial features is disclosed. The apparatus includes a spherical cold mirror which presents a concave surface to the user and is disposed between the user and the camera. The user is able to conclude that he is close enough to the camera for successful image capture when the reflection he sees in the mirror is the right way up. In a preferred embodiment, markings are provided on the front surface of the mirror to aid the user in placing his eye within a predetermined range of distances from the camera. The imaging apparatus is suitable for use in iris recognition apparatuses and provides a relatively inexpensive alternative to known apparatuses.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical member for splitting or combining luminous flux, the optical member including a base body made of a transparent material originally having an internal transmittance of approximately 100%. The base body includes a colored portion which is formed in an entire interior of the base body or on at least one of a light entrance plane and a light exit plane of the base body, whereby the internal transmittance of the optical member is reduced when the luminous flux to be used for observation and examination is split or combined by the optical member. Accordingly, the optical member can reduce the generation of ghost images caused by reflection of the luminous flux by a back plane of the optical member. Also disclosed are an observation apparatus and an examination apparatus for observing or examining an object by means of the luminous flux split or combined by the above optical member.

Abstract: A binocular indirect ophthalmoscope has illumination optics which have a tilted mirror that can be substantially-linearly displaced, by use of a first control, perpendicular to a beam path of an illumination beam exiting the ophthalmoscope, and that can be independently pivoted, by use of a second control, about an axis perpendicular to the beam path of the illumination beam and perpendicular to a direction of linear displacement, the mirror directing light of the illumination beam onto a retina of a patient. First and second controls for linearly moving and pivoting a tilted mirror are coupled to each other in such a way that the second control can be held at a fixed position relative to a housing of an ophthalmoscope.

Abstract: Ophthalmologic apparatus includes a light source for obliquely directing light beams into an eye to be examined to illuminate a region of interest therein, a lens system for viewing the region of interest, an optical magnifier assembly for magnifying the viewed region of interest, and an image intensifier for intensifying the image of the viewed region of interest. The light source directs light into the eye from opposite sides thereof to intersect in the plane of the region of interest in the eye.

Abstract: A magnifying binocular ophthalmoscope that employs a telecentric ocular lens in front of a viewing mirror assembly in order to provide parallel light rays from the lens to the viewing mirror assembly and from there to two direction changing mirrors that direct the light to the viewer's eyes. Also disclosed is the use of prisms between an objective lens and an ocular lens, the prisms redirecting the optical paths from the viewing mirror assembly and causing the optical path to cross its path within the prism so as to increase the length of the path and invert the image vertically and horizontally. Also disclosed is an assembly for illuminating and directing light that includes first and second stages that are movable along a viewing direction and carry respective first and second mirrors, the second stage being mounted for both movement with the first stage and movement relative to the first stage.

Abstract: An ophthalmoscopic attachment 1 for a surgical microscope 13 accommodates an optical system 14 which erects an inter-image of the fundus (or other particular area of the vitreous body of the eye) produced by at least one ophthalmoscopic lens 8 and interchanges the optical viewing paths. The optical system 14 is located directly behind the produced inter-image at a point where the stereoscopic optical viewing paths are still intertwined. The optical system 14 is configured either as a triplet with field lenses or as a straight-view inversion prism. The attachment also includes a lens 15 that is (a) positioned between the optical system 14 and the lens end of the attachment, and (b) movable along the optical axis of the attachment to put the critical section of the eye into focus.

Abstract: This invention provides a corneal shape measuring apparatus that can correctly measure the shape of the cornea of a subject's eye from an image of a target reflected by the cornea even if the optic axis of a hand-held indicator is inclined with respect to the optic axis of the measuring system when measurements are made. A computing control circuit computes the inclination with respect to the measuring optic axis of an indicator plate from the shape of a guide hole in the indicator plate which had previously been input and the shape of the image of the guide hole, and corrects the image of the indicator reflected by the cornea of the subject's eye based on this inclination.

Abstract: An eye movement tracker for stabilizing in two dimensions a diagnostic, treatment or other ophthalmic illumination on the fundus has a laser source which produces a narrow directed tracking beam, an optical steering assembly for controllably directing the beam to illuminate a region of the fundus, and an optical imaging assembly for imaging the illuminated region on a spatially-distributed photodetecting element. A tracking circuit scans the detecting element to detect motion of a spatially variant intensity feature and controls the optical steering assembly to redirect the optical path and maintain the feature in a fixed position. This repositions the diagnostic or other illumination, maintaining it in a fixed position on the fundus during eye movement. Scanning rates many times those of conventional systems are achieved, effectively stabilizing even very rapid eye movements. A viewing port provides an operator with a 30 degree field of the subject's eye fundus.