Abstract: The housing of a motion-picture camera has a cassette-receiving space into which at least one feeler projects to detect the insertion of a sound-film cassette differing in shape from a silent-film cassette. With both types of cassettes the film is intermittently transported past an image gate by a traction claw; in the case of a sound-film cassette a portion of the film downstream of the image window is accessible for engagement by a constant-speed feeder in the vicinity of a sound-recording head. The feed rate of the traction claw is stabilized by a centrifugal governor in the presence of a silent-film cassette; upon sensing a sound-film cassette, the feeler deactivates the governor and synchronizes the claw drive with the constant-speed feeder under the control of a mechanism, such as a loop detector, which measures the length of film between the image gate and the recording head.

Abstract: A sound motion picture camera, capable of using a film strip having a main stripe of magnetic recording material along one side edge of one surface and a balance stripe of magnetic recording material along the other edge of the same surface as well as its motion picture. The camera has a recording magnetic head arranged in correspondence with the main stripe and a second recording magnetic head arranged in correspondence with the balance stripe. Thus the same sound signal can be recorded on both the main and the balance stripe through first and second recording magnetic heads. Separate from the camera a sound recording/reproducing device for cooperation with the aforementioned film is provided with a sound recording/reproducing head and an erase magnetic head in a position corresponding to the main stripe and a sound reproducing head in a position corresponding to the balance stripe. A sound signal recorded on the balance stripe is reproduced by the sound reproducing head and heard through a speaker.

Abstract: A recording projector for sound motion-picture film is used to do dubbing or rerecording work. The operator presses a store button to store the frame count of the frame being projected, and in this way stores all the frame counts for the starts and ends of several scenes, after which dubbing work is done on the thusly defined scenes. The current frame count of the film is indicated using an electronic multi-digit display unit having a row of controllable digit zones each of the 7-segment type and having controllable decimal point places. The multi-digit display unit is mounted upside-down, so that the decimal-point places are near the tops of the digit zones. The frame count is displayed on the digit zones with conventional appearance. The number of decimal-point places made visible at any given time indicates the number of the scene involved, both during initial frame-count storing work and during post-storing work on the scenes.

Abstract: A photographic sound recording and reproduction method is disclosed wherein a sound track is formed by silver diffusion transfer processing. Film units suitable for this application are described which comprise a support, a layer containing silver precipitating nuclei, and a layer containing photosensitive silver halide crystals.In one embodiment, a photographic sound track may be produced in a silver diffusion transfer color motion picture film unit, which further comprises an optical color screen.

Abstract: A backup support arrangement is provided against which a film strip, carrying a magnetic sound track adjacent one edge, is biased by a sound recording/playback transducer in a multipurpose photographic film cassette having a sound capability. The support arrangement engages the side of the film strip opposite the side carrying the magnetic sound track and is resiliently mounted in a manner such that the force imparted upon the backside of the film strip is distributed so that a significantly greater biasing force is imparted upon the backside of the film strip adjacent the edge carrying the magnetic sound track than upon the remainder of the film strip.

Abstract: A sound motion picture camera having a monitor circuit for applying to an earphone an audio signal which is being recorded on the film is capable of warning of the exhaustion of the film through the earphone. A switch responsive to a mechanism for detecting the exhaustion of the film applies a signal from an oscillator to the earphone or actuates an oscillator connected to the earphone, to provide the warning when the film has been nearly exhausted or has been completely exhausted. A switching device periodically interrupts the oscillating electric signal so that a warning sound can be heard intermittently through the earphone. A delay circuit interrupts the actuation of the oscillator to cease the oscillating electric signal when a predetermined time has passed after the detection of the exhaustion of the film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a motion picture camera which includes a film feeding device for intermittently feeding a film for recording picture information on the film and the sound information on the film exposing part of the film. A sound recording device for recording sound information on the film, and a film constant speed feeding device for feeding the film to the sound recording position of the sound recording device at a constant speed are provided. A driving motor for driving the film constant speed feeding device and a reduction gear mechanism is provided between the driving motor and the film constant speed feeding device, whereby the driving power of the driving motor is transmitted to the film constant speed feeding device through the reduction gear mechanism in such a manner that the film constant speed feeding device is rotated at a constant speed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sound motion picture camera capable of the sound recording on the film at the same time with the film exposure by using a sound film cartridge containing a sound film and having an opening for enabling sound recording on the film by means of sound recording device, whereby the sound motion picture camera is provided with a preventive means for preventing the film cartridge from being improperly taken out of the cartridge loading chamber of the camera in the state in which the sound recording device is operatively engaged with the film in the opening of the film cartridge for recording the sound on the film.

Abstract: A system for detecting and reproducing variable-area-type optically recorded audio signals by cyclically detecting substantially only the position of a boundary of the sound track. In one embodiment, the boundary is detected by imaging the boundary onto an array of photosensors and scanning the array to provide an output signal containing a transition corresponding in the time domain to the position of the boundary. The transition signal is filtered and sliced to provide electrical interpolation to improve the resolution substantially over the special resolution of the photosensitive elements of the array. The system may also include a multitrack capability with means for minimizing the effect of film weave.

Abstract: A motion picture camera which can use a cartridge for film having a sound track includes sound recording means and a mechanism which actuates and releases the sound recording means to an operative state and to an inoperative state, respectively, in response to an actuation and a release of a shutter release member. All such parts which are needed to engage a film are arranged in a cartridge chamber defined in the camera housing so that the operator enables to readily insert a cartridge into the chamber so long as the sound recording means are set to their inoperative position.

Abstract: A sound movie projector includes, in a serial manner, a first sprocket, an intermittent film advance mechanism for advancing the film on a frame-by-frame basis past a projection gate, a sound recording and/or reproducing head assembly, a film drive roller assembly, and a second sprocket. The difference in film feeding speed at the projection gate and the sound reproducing station is detected by monitoring the length of the film disposed between the film drive roller assembly and the second sprocket by means of a pivotable sensing lever operatively engaged with a portion of the film having a substantially rectiliner configuration under normal conditions, and as a result of such monitoring, the film feeding speed at the film projection gate is appropriately adjusted in a continuous manner utilizing a cone pulley drive system.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved pinch roller moving device for a simultaneous image and sound recording cinecamera. The device includes a first lever on which the pinch roller is supported rotatably and transversely movably and a second lever rotatable to rotate the first lever to press the pinch roller against a capstan. A cam is provided to rotate the second lever and a third lever is provided to hold the first lever against rotation. The third lever is rotatable upon rotation of a second cam to release the first lever for rotation. A fourth lever is provided for maintaining the second lever in its rotated position. The device further includes means for transmitting rotation of a capstan driving motor to the cams. This motor is operable upon depression of a release button on the cinecamera.

Abstract: For use in a sound motion picture camera adapted to handle both sound and lent film and having a driven capstan at the sound station thereof, the capstan drive motor is used to power a driven component of an automatic focusing system by which a focusable objective lens can be focused automatically on a remote subject. By a control switch, associated with the camera operation control member, either manual or automatic focusing modes can be selected, the automatic mode being further selectable as being continuous during film transport operation or limited to a period before film transport operation begins.

Abstract: A pinch roller actuating device for a sound motion picture camera including portion connected to a rotatable pinch roller to maintain the roller out of and in engagement with a capstan responsive to a movable camera actuating member having a limiting stop which defines the maximum displacement of the actuating member. A spring member is provided to move the pinch roller into engagement with the capstan after the actuating member is displaced beyond its mid-point. A bracket is arranged to prevent movement by the spring when the stopper engages the connecting portion, and instantly engages the pinch roller with the capstan by being suddenly moved by the spring member when the connection between the stopper and the connecting portion is released.

Abstract: The sound-recording unit of the camera includes a counterpressure roller and a pressure pad. When the sound-recording unit is to be used, the counterpressure roller is to be moved into an operative position in which it presses the motion-picture film against the capstan of the unit, and the pressure pad is to be moved into an operative position in which it presses the motion-picture film against the recording head of the unit. When the sound-recording unit is not to be used, the counterpressure roller and pressure pad are to be moved into inoperative positions, to prevent permanent deformation. The camera is provided with a plurality of independently activatable motion-transmitting mechanisms, each activatable from the exterior of the camera. Each of the motion-transmitting mechanisms can be used to move the counterpressure roller and the pressure pad from their inoperative to their operative positions.

Abstract: In a dual film-gauge telecine apparatus two optical sound heads are provided in close proximity to the drive capstan. The drive capstan is provided with an annular groove to support one of the optical sound heads. The sound heads comprise a light source and light sensitive detector so disposed as to be in alignment on opposite sides of the edge of a film of the respective gauge.

Abstract: A sensing device for use with a motion picture projector for projecting a motion picture having a sound track with two or more sound channels, said projector having a light source for illuminating said sound track, said sensing device having a base or fixed portion adapted to be fastened to a suitable portion of the motion picture projector, such as a housing, and a moveable support member adjustably connected to said base portion, and adjustment means for adjusting said support member relative to said fixed portion, and two or more photo voltaic cells mounted on the moveable portion, each having a width dimension appropriate to the width of one of said sound channels, and each separated by a small gap.

Abstract: The camera includes a drive arrangement for effecting transport of sound motion-picture film through the camera along a predetermined path. A recording unit is operative for recording audio information onto the sound track of the motion-picture film. A suppressing device is automatically operative for preventing the recording of sound by the recording unit when the drive arrangement is being started up at the start of the filming of a scene and when the drive arrangement is being stopped at the end of the filming of a scene, to prevent the recording on the sound track of noise and interference signals generated by the drive arrangement.

Abstract: A motion picture sound reading system employing a light emitting diode source which is modulated at a carrier frequency several times higher than the highest sound-track frequency for exciting the optical sound track and a carrier-demodulation signal processing system for deriving a high-quality audio signal from the photoelectrically detected optical sound track.

Abstract: To eliminate the recording of undesirable sounds which can occur upon stang a sound motion picture camera in which sound is recorded simultaneously as the picture is recorded, a circuit shorting switch is installed in parallel with the sound recording head, and a film transport motor control switch is arranged to function opposite to the circuit shorting switch but in cooperation with that switch to stabilize the amplifier before film movement begins.

Abstract: A cine camera for taking talking pictures comprises a film-feeding mechanism which includes a driven capstan and a pinch roller normally spaced therefrom to facilitate insertion of a section of film therebetween when the camera casing is loaded with a sound-film cassette. A sensor, upon detecting the presence of such cassette in a receiving chamber of the casing, causes the pinch roller to move closer to the capstan, either via a mechanical linkage or by deactivating a detent normally blocking a displacement of the pinch roller under spring pressure. This displacement under the control of the sensor may establish a standby position, with the pinch roller still separated from the capstan by a clearance wider than the film thickness, that clearance being subsequently reduced by the operation of a trigger, a mode-selector switch or the like to clamp the film between pinch roller and capstan.

Abstract: A cine camera for taking talking pictures comprises a film-feeding mechanism which includes a driven capstan and a pinch roller normally spaced therefrom to facilitate insertion of a section of film therebetween when the camera casing is loaded with a sound-film cassette. A trigger, serving to close a switch for energizing the film drive, becomes effective to move the pinch roller -- mechanically or electromagnetically -- into a working position close to the capstan after a support for this roller has been moved from a retracted position into a standby position by the displacement of an independently operable external actuating member. Continued depression of the trigger may prevent the roller support from returning to its retracted position even if the actuating member is released.

Abstract: The camera has a picture image recording mechanism to record a picture image on a picture image recording part of the film, a sound recording mechanism to record sound information at the film having sound recording part, a constant speed film feeding mechanism having a capstan and a pinch roller to run the film at a constant speed at a sound recording head part of the sound recording mechanism, and a release member which controls initiation of a camera and is mechanically linked selectively with the sound recording mechanism and the constant speed film feeding mechanism, and which can simultaneously record a picture image and sound at the film within the cartridge when the film cartridge for simultaneous sound recording is loaded.

Abstract: A motion picture camera for simultaneous recording of picture and sound is provided with a starting and stopping device for controlling film transport mechanisms and displacing same into and out of operative orientation with the film as the camera is actuated and deactuated wherein the size of the film loop is maintained substantially constant before or after and during camera operation.

Abstract: A cine camera for taking talking pictures, in which a film is moved intermittently past an image gate by a reciprocating traction claw and continuously past a recording head by a rotating capstan coacting with a pinch roller, includes a latch by which the pinch roller can be held spaced from the capstan in an inactive position. The latching of the pinch roller in this inactive position, against the force of a biasing spring providing the necessary contact pressure during filming, is accomplished upon deactivation of the film drive by the residual kinetic energy of an inertial mass such as a flywheel which is coupled with either the capstan drive or the claw drive. The latch is released upon actuation of a trigger, either directly or through the intermediary of the claw drive. The biasing spring may be part of a toggle mechanism tripped by a presetting member, such as a sensor detecting the presence of a sound-film cassette in the camera.

Abstract: A motion picture projector with a rapid rewind system for returning a projected reel of film from the takeup reel back onto the supply reel at a substantially faster rate than the film is transported during projection. The rapid rewind system includes a drive train engageable with the supply reel to rotate the supply reel in a reverse direction at a substantially faster rate. An actuator is connected to the rapid rewind drive train to disengage the projection drive train and engage the rapid rewind drive train with the supply reel in response to movement of the takeup reel from its generally horizontal project position to a generally vertical rewind position.

Abstract: A sound recording and reproducing system comprising a motion picture camera in which there is a synchronization system for recording segments of sound from a signal produced by a microphone associated with the camera as analog samples alternatively read into each of two analog shift registers in increments of samples corresponding to one frame time of the taking picture cycle. Means are provided for recording each such approximately timed sample sequence onto the film adjacent the frame being photographed during pulldown of the film in the camera. For playback, a projector is provided which comprises two analog shift registers each alternatively used for taking the samples recorded on the film for each frame for storage during pulldown, and then to transmit the stored samples through a filter to a loud-speaker for reproduction at a continuous rate during projection of the photographic images recorded on the film.

Abstract: A motion picture film and sound editing-projecting system which utilizes a single sprocket wheel to advance the film and which includes record and reproduce heads within the sprocket wheel. The sprocket wheel is directly connected to the armature shaft of a stepping motor, and a flywheel is frictionally coupled to the armature shaft to eliminate the cogging effect without preventing rapid acceleration.

Abstract: A camera adapted for use with either a silent-film cartridge or a sound-film cartridge of larger size and having sound recording means including a capstan and a pressure roll movable into and out of engagement with the sound film against the capstan with a sensing means actuated by the sound-film cartridge inserted into the camera for permitting the actuation of a release mechanism for movement, through a mechanical linkage, of the pressure roll into engagement with the sound-film against the capstan and for deactivating the release mechanism upon insertion of a silent-film cartridge into the camera to permit disengagement of the pressure roll from the capstan.

Abstract: For a sound motion picture projector, an automatic threading and image-sound synchronization system is provided without added moving components. During threading the system establishes for image-sound synchronization the correct image-to-sound spacing of a film having the sound longitudinally spaced along the film from the related image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a camera allowing simultaneous sound recording into which a film magazine housing a photographing film which can record sound information thus allowing simultaneous sound recording and an ordinary photographing film magazine can be selectively loaded. Also provided is a detection device to distinguish the kind of film magazines mentioned above and a linking mechanism which shifts the camera into a sound recording state in correspondence with the closing action of the magazine chamber cover of a camera only when the above mentioned detection device detects the film magazine which allows simultaneous sound recording.

Abstract: A sound motion picture system in which sound is recorded on movie film. A constant speed capstan drives the film past a sound transducer, and a claw drives the film incrementally past a film gate. A projection lamp, a DC power supply, and an induction motor for driving the claw are energized from a common source. A film loop between the transducer and the film gate controls a switching circuit for unbalancing the current to the induction motor to control the speed of the motor without materially affecting the rms value of the current supplied to the lamp or the peak - to - peak value of the voltage supplied to the DC power supply.

Abstract: A movie camera of the kind adapted for simultaneous motion picture and magnetic sound recording on a film in a cartridge, in which sound recording means including a magnetic recording head and a capstan are disposed in the camera body, and a swingable lever carrying sound recording means including a pinch roller is disposed in the camera body to be held in a retracted position when the cover of the camera is fully opened and kept in such position for the loading and unloading of the cartridge. In the movie camera, means are provided so that the pinch roller carried by the swingable lever can be urged to a position closely adjacent to the capstan and held temporarily in such position when the cartridge is loaded and the cover is closed, and then the pinch roller can be urged further toward the capstan to bring the sound recording track portion of the film into pressure contact with the capstan in response to the manipulation of the release for starting the motion picture taking operation.

Abstract: A movie sound camera wherein the motor for the sound shaft of the sound recording unit is started by a self-arresting rotary programming device prior to completion of the circuit of a sound amplifier, and the circuit of the amplifier is completed prior to starting of the motor for the pull down in response to movement of camera release from the idle position. When the release is returned to the idle position, the programming device automatically arrests the motor for the pull-down prior and the motor for the sound shaft subsequent to opening of the amplifier circuit. The programming device further controls the sequence in which the film is pressed against the sound shaft and biased against the second recording head of the recording unit in response to movement of release from the idle position. The programming device forms part of a control unit and is rotated by a motor which is started in response to movement of release to or from the idle position.

Abstract: This specification discloses a motion picture projector device as audio-visual aid and an audio-visual system using the same. The device uses a film structure including an image information recording zone, a row of perforations along one side edge of the film, and a balance zone juxtaposed with said row of perforations along the one side edge of the film and having various signals recorded thereon in a straight line. These signals include a non-normal projection mode speech information signal, a transfer instruction signal for instructing the transfer of said non-normal projection mode speech signal to a record information member, a transfer stop instruction signal for stopping the transfer, and a reproduce instruction signal for instructing a reproduce mechanism to reproduce the non-normal projection mode speech information signal transferred to said record member.

Abstract: A movie camera capable of magnetic recording on a loaded film simultaneously with filming includes a pinch roller carried by a bracket which is swingable relatively to the camera body. The pinch roller is movable relatively to the bracket. The bracket is movable in response to the closing operation of a lateral cover of the camera to a position where the pinch roller is adjacent to a capstan and restrained immovably in the position. In response to the operation of a release element for initiating recording, the pinch roller is moved by a spring member into rolling engagement with the film to urge the same into contact with the capstan for recording on the film along a recording track.

Abstract: A motion picture camera having a magnetic sound recording head, a pressure plate for holding the film tight against the sound head, a capstan driven at a uniform rate for advancing the film uniformly past the sound head, a drum for holding the film tight against the capstan and a sensor or feeler for sensing the film loop between the optical film gate and the sound recording head. The capstan and the recording head are mounted in stationary locations on one side of a mounting plate, the flywheel of the capstan is located on the opposite side of the mounting plate, and the pressure plate, the drum, and the feeler are mounted on a lever which swings in a plane parallel to the mounting plate and is located on the same side of the mounting plate as the capstan and recording head.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a motion picture camera which includes an openable cover for loading a film magazine containing a film capable of recording sound information. A sound recording device for recording the sound information on the film and a movable device for moving either the sound recording device or the film to a position at which the sound can be recorded is also included. An operation device for operating the opening and the closing of the openable cover can be displaced to three positions, i.e. the first, the second and the third position. The operation is carried out stepwise so that, at the first position, the movable device operates while the openable cover is locked; at the second position, the movable device does not operate while the openable cover is locked; and at the third position, the movable device does not operate while the openable cover is freed. At least one of the three position being non-linear with respect to the other two.

Abstract: A Super-8 mm. movie film with two amplitude modulated optical sound tracks, one in each margin of the film. A method for optically recording and reproducing audio information with high fidelity on a very narrow sound track. A scanning apparatus has lens and masks which accurately define and direct a light beam on the film sound track for high fidelity reproduction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a camera capable of simultaneous film and sound recording and into which film magazine housing a film with a sound recording belt can be loaded. The camera has a sound recording device for recording sound on said sound recording belt of the film while photographing is made and also a driving device to continuously run the above mentioned film against said sound recording device. The camera can be shifted to the simultaneous sound recording state in response to the shutter release operation of the camera being in the preparation completion state for photographing with simultaneous sound recording.

Abstract: In a sound motion picture camera, a pinch roller actuating device for displacing the pinch roller into engagement with a constantly rotating capstan for transporting an elongated web such as sound film. The pinch roller contacting device includes a manually actuatable camera operating trigger member movable into and out of operative engagement with a control member provided with a neutral portion and an active portion which moves the pinch roller into engagement with the capstan. The neutral portion is provided to move the control member slightly, if at all, even if the trigger member is moved significantly after the pinch roller has contacted the capstan through displacement by the active portion.

Abstract: A motion picture camera provided with a synchronous recording system which is adapted for use with either a sound film cassette or a silent film cassette, the sizes of the both cassettes being different. The motion picture camera is provided with a control mechanism operable according to the type of film cassette loaded within the camera. This control mechanism is adapted to set the camera so as to carry out a normal photographing operation, when a sound film cassette is loaded in the camera, and to set the camera so as to carry out a silent photographing operation, when a silent film cassette is loaded.

Abstract: The invention provides a system for developing sync pulses when PICOR is used on sound film systems. The sprocket holes in the feed track of the film are used in conjunction with a light source and a photocell to develop sync pulses which are required to synchronize a rotating electronic switch with periodic sequential information recorded on the sound track of the film.

Abstract: A continuous motion picture projection apparatus for use with a film strip having two side by side data tracks each comprising a photographic image track and a synchronized sound track. The first half of the program is carried by one data track and the other half by the second data track. The apparatus includes a main drive assembly which moves the film strip through the unit alternately in a forward and reverse direction and further comprises an illumination system, a projection lens system and a sound track sensor system. These systems are movable between a first position in alignment with the first data track and a second position in alignment with the second data track. Mechanisms associated with each of the systems are operably coupled with the main drive assembly and serve to automatically move the systems between their first and second positions upon reversal of the drive assembly.

Abstract: A system is described for digital, as opposed to the usual analog, recording of a sound track in synchronism with a visual image on a motion picture film and automatically reproducing the sound in synchronism with the visual image. In one embodiment of the invention, a camera employs a linear array of light-emitting diodes across the sound track to enter a digital representation of the sound on the same frame as the synchronous visual image. The digital, specifically binary, signals which excite the light-emitting diodes are produced by analog to digital conversion of samples of the sound waveform. The binary representations are entered into shift registers at a uniform rate, and read out to the light-emitting diodes in a burst during the film advance interval immediately following shutter closure, thereby entering on the film track an optical record of all the binary pulses derived from sound produced during the just concluded frame interval.