Abstract: An optical film printer has a projector station and a camera station each of which interchangeably receive a complete 16 mm, regular 8 mm, or super-8 mm film transport unit, including drive sprocket wheels and incremental film advance mechanism. A lens is disposed between the stations. A pair of output members of a power transmission system rotate responsive to a drive motor. Each film transport unit incrementally advances film past an aperture responsive to rotation of an input member that engages one of the output members and when received by the corresponding station. Each film transport unit advances the same number of frames per unit angular displacement of the output members. The unit at the projector station is movable toward and away from the camera station, and the lens is adjustable in three directions. The power transmission system permits each output member to be independently driven in both directions or to be driven in synchronism.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a motion picture camera using a film cartridge in whose film winding up shaft a reverse preventing mechanism for preventing the reversed rotation of the winding up shaft is provided whereby the reversion preventing mechanism is released by pushing the central part of the winding up shaft along the axial direction, being characterized in that on the part on which the film cartridge is loaded a movable releasing mechanism for releasing the film reversion preventing mechanism is provided in such a manner that at the time of loading a film cartridge in the motion picture camera the releasing mechanism is recessed from the part on which the film cartridge is to be loaded to a position at which the loading of the film cartridge is possible by means of a control mechanism, while after having loaded the film cartridge the film reversion preventing mechanism is returned to a position at which the film reversion preventing mechanism operates.

Abstract: A projector and/or viewer (monitor) for motion-picture films continuously unwinding and winding on a spool within a magazine, characterized by comprising: a casing or case having a translucent wall operating as a screen and on another wall an opening for inserting and removing the magazine; a frame internally of said case defining a housing which at one end thereof communicates with the opening in said case and intended for the passage of the magazine, while another end thereof has a slit or opening for exposing the frames of the film moving in front of it and an optical projection system, said frame carrying: a light source mounted sidewise of the magazine housing for illuminating through a reflecting means the film frames; an electrical motor controlling a rotating shutter disc, having on one face a U-shaped cam for operating the claw for drawing the film in front of the exposition slit or opening, and by means of mechanical drives also controlling the pin of the film spool contained in the magazine and fan

Abstract: The housing of a motion-picture camera has a cassette-receiving space into which at least one feeler projects to detect the insertion of a sound-film cassette differing in shape from a silent-film cassette. With both types of cassettes the film is intermittently transported past an image gate by a traction claw; in the case of a sound-film cassette a portion of the film downstream of the image window is accessible for engagement by a constant-speed feeder in the vicinity of a sound-recording head. The feed rate of the traction claw is stabilized by a centrifugal governor in the presence of a silent-film cassette; upon sensing a sound-film cassette, the feeler deactivates the governor and synchronizes the claw drive with the constant-speed feeder under the control of a mechanism, such as a loop detector, which measures the length of film between the image gate and the recording head.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a camera allowing simultaneous sound recording into which a film magazine housing a photographing film which can record sound information thus allowing simultaneous sound recording and an ordinary photographing film magazine can be selectively loaded. Also provided is a detection device to distinguish the kind of film magazines mentioned above and a linking mechanism which shifts the camera into a sound recording state in correspondence with the closing action of the magazine chamber cover of a camera only when the above mentioned detection device detects the film magazine which allows simultaneous sound recording.

Abstract: Display apparatus for viewing a film strip which includes a cartridge having two separate reels for holding film strip for and after it passes a projection mechanism. The projection mechanism includes a light source and two prisms and a screen for viewing.

Abstract: The disclosed structure facilitates threading the film by eliminating both the intermittent movement and the film metering sprocket from the film chamber. Noise is reduced by driving the intermittent movement with a single cam, and faster faster pulldown is obtaind by combining the single cam movement with a re-entrant claw, which also facilitates positioning the movement in a separate sealed compartment. Drive mechanism for a film sprocket in the throat of the magazine includes improved positive clutch structure. Registration pins are driven by an improved linkage which facilitates film threading.

Abstract: A mechanism for conditioning a film cassette for plural film handling modes. The mechanism is effective to condition the film cassette for particular film handling modes by controlling the entry of light into the cassette and controlling the status of the film guides and the film pressure plate at the film gate area.

Abstract: The camera is for use with film cartridges and is provided with an internal support member within the camera housing which has a film engagement surface thereon. Side walls of a guide channel extend from the support member substantially beyond the plane of the film engagement surface. When the cartridge is fitted in the camera the cartridge web is located in the guide channel together with the film and the film engagement surface presses against the film to bring this into contact with a film conveying surface on said cartridge.

Abstract: A film cartridge for audio-visual projectors comprising a concavity portion provided in a part of a side wall thereof and capable of cooperating with a sprocket means provided on a projector body to run the endless film in the cartridge, and a groove formed in a part of a peripheral edge thereof to contain a film loop to be formed by a loop setting means provided in the projector body, thereby to simplify the entire structure of the film cartridge.

Abstract: A tape cassette having two substantially coplanar reels with tape wound on at least one of the reels and extending along a defined path within the cassette housing to the other reel, the ends of the tape being attached to the respective reels. The path is at least partly defined by guide means comprising a guide member to control the location of one edge of the tape very accurately. The guide member has at least one surface portion with a conical configuration, and the tape makes contact with this conical portion around only a limited arc. The axis of the conical portion of the guide member is substantially parallel to the axis of the adjacent roller, and the included conical angle defined by the conical surface is very small. The guide member has a shoulder that extends substantially perpendicularly outwardly from the conical axis at the constricted end of the conical surface to serve as a guide surface for one edge of the tape.

Abstract: A movie camera of the kind adapted for simultaneous motion picture and magnetic sound recording on a film in a cartridge, in which sound recording means including a magnetic recording head and a capstan are disposed in the camera body, and a swingable lever carrying sound recording means including a pinch roller is disposed in the camera body to be held in a retracted position when the cover of the camera is fully opened and kept in such position for the loading and unloading of the cartridge. In the movie camera, means are provided so that the pinch roller carried by the swingable lever can be urged to a position closely adjacent to the capstan and held temporarily in such position when the cartridge is loaded and the cover is closed, and then the pinch roller can be urged further toward the capstan to bring the sound recording track portion of the film into pressure contact with the capstan in response to the manipulation of the release for starting the motion picture taking operation.

Abstract: A spherical shell mounted on a base for pivoting movement about a diameter has a first aperture in which a frosted groundglass screen is mounted parallel to the pivot axis. Images are sequentially projected on the screen from the vertically upright beam of a cassette-type sound projector by a deflecting mirror. Cassettes are inserted in and withdrawn from the projector through a second aperture subjacent the first aperture. The perforated cover normally closing the second aperture carries the loudspeaker of the sound system. Cooling air is blown on the projector lamp from bottom openings of the shell by a fan arranged between the shell and a bracket on which the projector rests.

Abstract: The invention has for its object a cinecamera comprising an incorporated pressure pad and which is designed to use a loading clip of the type having a first gate with a pressure pad incorporated in the clip and a second film passage gate without an incorporated pressure pad.Said camera comprises means for making the pressure pad incorporated in the loading clip inoperative and its incorporated pressure pad is arranged to co-operate with that portion of the film passing in front of the said second gate.

Abstract: A sound motion picture production and sound editing system comprising a film cassette containing a strip of photosensitive film having a sound track thereon, a supply of processing composition and a processor programmed to apply the processing composition to the film upon manipulation of the film in the cassette; a film drive projection and sound reproducing system adapted to receive the cassette, and containing cyclic drive means responsive to the insertion of a cassette and to a signal produced by the cassette indicating whether or not the film has been processed for manipulating the film, to cause processing if the film has not been processed, and then to project it while reproducing sound recorded on the film; or simply to project the film, while reproducing the sound recorded on it, if it has been processed, in which a sound array comprising a recording and reproducing transducer and a film drive capstan are engaged with the film during projection, to permit recording on, or playback from the sound track

Abstract: A movie camera capable of magnetic recording on a loaded film simultaneously with filming includes a pinch roller carried by a bracket which is swingable relatively to the camera body. The pinch roller is movable relatively to the bracket. The bracket is movable in response to the closing operation of a lateral cover of the camera to a position where the pinch roller is adjacent to a capstan and restrained immovably in the position. In response to the operation of a release element for initiating recording, the pinch roller is moved by a spring member into rolling engagement with the film to urge the same into contact with the capstan for recording on the film along a recording track.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a motion picture camera which includes an openable cover for loading a film magazine containing a film capable of recording sound information. A sound recording device for recording the sound information on the film and a movable device for moving either the sound recording device or the film to a position at which the sound can be recorded is also included. An operation device for operating the opening and the closing of the openable cover can be displaced to three positions, i.e. the first, the second and the third position. The operation is carried out stepwise so that, at the first position, the movable device operates while the openable cover is locked; at the second position, the movable device does not operate while the openable cover is locked; and at the third position, the movable device does not operate while the openable cover is freed. At least one of the three position being non-linear with respect to the other two.

Abstract: A control system for a cassette-load movie camera having an automatic exposure control system. A variable neutral density filter adjusts the exposure control system to the film sensitivity, and a sensitivity range control adjusts the exposure control system alternatively for a range of high film sensitivities or a range of low film sensitivities. Cassette indicia automatically effect a filter setting and sensitivity range setting upon placement of the cassette within the camera. A switching system controls energization of the exposure control system in relation to energization of the camera drive motor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a camera capable of simultaneous film and sound recording and into which film magazine housing a film with a sound recording belt can be loaded. The camera has a sound recording device for recording sound on said sound recording belt of the film while photographing is made and also a driving device to continuously run the above mentioned film against said sound recording device. The camera can be shifted to the simultaneous sound recording state in response to the shutter release operation of the camera being in the preparation completion state for photographing with simultaneous sound recording.

Abstract: A motion picture camera provided with a synchronous recording system which is adapted for use with either a sound film cassette or a silent film cassette, the sizes of the both cassettes being different. The motion picture camera is provided with a control mechanism operable according to the type of film cassette loaded within the camera. This control mechanism is adapted to set the camera so as to carry out a normal photographing operation, when a sound film cassette is loaded in the camera, and to set the camera so as to carry out a silent photographing operation, when a silent film cassette is loaded.

Abstract: A cartridge primarily for microfilm, or cassette, contains a supply reel and a sub-cartridge take-up means. Suitable guides in the cartridge or cassette automatically thread film from the supply reel past a cutter and into the sub-cartridge. To remove exposed film before the supply reel is exhausted, the cutter is operated, and the sub-cartridge is removed and replaced. The nature of the cutter and threader depends upon costs and convenience. At one extreme, they may be hand operated devices and at the other extreme automatic or a remotely controllable device.

Abstract: A film strip projector which is provided with synchronized audio accompaniment. A film strip is framed with respect to a projection aperture by a selectively operable framing device. Once the film strip is initially framed, the film strip is advanced frame by frame by a Geneva type film advance mechanism. The audio accompaniment is carried on a dual track audio tape, one track of which carries the audio message pertinent to a particular frame and the other track of which carries a control signal for the film drive mechanism. All of the operative components of the film transporting mechanisms are mounted on a unitarily molded chassis. The chassis includes features for mounting a set of optics for easy removal and cleaning.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for depositing a layer of processing fluid on an exposed film strip contained with the processing fluid and fluid depositing means in a multipurpose film cassette of the type in which the film strip is exposed, processed and viewed by projection without removal from the cassette. The processing fluid is doctored onto the emulsion side of the exposed film strip during rewinding movement of the strip under an applicator nozzle opening. The film strip is supported under a biasing force toward the nozzle approximating in magnitude the hydrodynamic force developed by doctoring the processing fluid against the other side of the film strip thus to achieve a net balance of forces on opposite sides of the film strip so that foreign particles such as dust and the like will pass the doctoring surface without deleterious accumulation of such particles thereon.

Abstract: Photographic processing and projector apparatus having a drive system including a gear train for advancing and rewinding the film on spools within a film cassette. Included in the gear train is an inertia dumper which is operative at the conclusion of a high speed rewind run to reduce film tension and cassette shock caused by the abrupt cessation of film movement at the end of the film.

Abstract: In a motion picture camera which permits selective use of a magazine A of the type having an unreleasable reverse-preventing means provided on a take-up shaft for taking up thereon exposed film and a magazine B of the type having an extraneously releasable reverse-preventing means provided on a take-up shaft and which has a take-up gear rotatable in response to a motor and a member secured to the gear for rotating the take-up shaft with rotation of the gear, there is provided detector means displaceable to a first position upon insertion of the magazine A and to a second position upon insertion of the magazine B to identify the magazine inserted. The take-up gear is integrally formed with the detector means for displacement in the axial direction thereof.

Abstract: A small motion picture camera having a telescopic viewfinder enclosed in a separate housing which is mounted on the top of the camera body while the camera is being used for taking pictures. When not being used for taking pictures, the viewfinder housing is shifted to the front of the camera where it serves as a protective cover for the camera lens and a portion of the driving motor, thus reducing the height dimension of the camera to such extent that the camera can easily be slipped into the user's pocket of average conventional size. The length of the viewfinder housing is equal to the height of the camera body, and the thickness of the viewfinder housing from side to side is equal to the thickness of the camera body, so that when the viewfinder housing is mounted in the transporting position on the front of the camera body, it forms a smooth prolongation of the body. Batteries for powering the driving motor of the camera are also contained in the viewfinder housing, along with the viewfinder telescope.

Abstract: A control system for a cinematographic film cassette processor/projector unit. The control system includes a function programmer comprising an operating cycle selector responsive to a processed/unprocessed indicator on the cassette to program the control system for either a processed-film operating cycle or an unprocessed-film operating cycle and a logic unit for programming the sequence and execution of the plural operational modes of the apparatus during an operating cycle. The control system further includes a reel drive control circuit having plural speed and direction drive control modes programmed by the function programmer, a mode change actuator circiut responsive to cessation of film movement to actuate a change in the operational mode of the processor/projector by changing the logic state of the logic disc assembly, and a manually-actuatable replay circuit.