Abstract: Provided is a method of measuring a recombination lifetime of a silicon substrate, which is capable of evaluating metal contamination and crystal defects in a silicon substrate manufacturing process and a device manufacturing process with high accuracy. The method includes: measuring a recombination lifetime of a silicon substrate after subjecting a surface of the silicon substrate to chemical passivation processing; and performing ultraviolet protection processing of protecting at least the silicon substrate from ultraviolet rays during a period from the chemical passivation processing to a time when the measurement of the recombination lifetime is completed.

Abstract: A document camera and its light box are provided in the disclosure. The light box includes a base, a light guiding plate embedded in the base, and a light source device movably disposed on the base. The light guiding plate has a light input face and a light output face which are both light transmissive from the base. When the light source device is moved to face the light input face, the light source device provides lights outwards the light guiding plate via the light input face, otherwise, when the light source device is moved away from the light input face, the light source device provides light to the light output face down wards.

Abstract: This invention provides a small form factor apparatus for selectively producing one or more of a plurality of wavelength distributions of radiation, comprising a UV Light Emitting Diode (LED) as the primary UV LED radiation source and one or more wavelength transforming (WT) materials separated from the primary UV LED radiation source, that in response to irradiation by the primary UV LED radiation source, produce transformed radiation having a wavelength distribution that is different from the wavelength distribution of the primary UV LED radiation source. None, one, or more than one of the various WT materials may be selected by the user, to allow either the primary UV radiation, or the transformed radiation, or both simultaneously, to be to be emitted from the apparatus in a preferred direction.

Abstract: The invention relative to a positioning device for the scanned object of a scanner may make a positioning function to a document or a book to be scanned. Through designing a positioning element on the shell body of a scanner, a book of many pages may be positioned or secured on the positioning element, which may be designed on the scanning window. According to the size, the form, or the thickness of the book, an appropriate positioning element may be used, and its number is selectively applied. The book is placed on the positioning element, wherein the middle recession part of the book is placed at the top end of the positioning element, by which a bulged-out part is formed and sandwiched into the middle recession part of the book to thereby secure the book in the positioning element.

Abstract: An apparatus for viewing originals in a flatbed scanner includes a fixed copy holder and a movable scanning unit with a light source for illuminating the original to be scanned, an optoelectronic transducer, and a scanning lens for projecting a scanned line of the original onto the optoelectronic transducer. Fitted below the copy holder is a light source, and fastened on the scanning unit is a dispersion foil drawn under the copy holder by the scanning unit when the scanning unit is brought into a parking position and drawn away by the scanning unit when the scanning unit is moved over the copy holder during scanning. The dispersion foil is stretched tight by a suitable stretching apparatus when the scanning unit is in the parking position.

Abstract: Systems, devices and methods are provided for viewing a pattern of fluorophors capable of fluorescing when exposed to visible light, e.g., fluorescently stained DNA, protein or other biological material. The system includes a light source emitting light in the visible spectrum, such as a fluorescent lamp used in domestic lighting, a first optical filter capable of transmitting light from the source at wavelengths capable of exciting the fluorophors and of absorbing light of other wavelengths, and a second optical filter capable of blocking substantially all the light from the source not blocked by the first filter, so that the only light reaching the viewer is light produced by fluorescence of the fluorophors.

Abstract: A photoengraving machine comprised of a cabinet with a flash light mounted in an upper lever thereof facing down towards a fixture seat. The fixture seat is secured on a slide-in chassis in the cabinet. The fixture seat comprises an adjustable clamping assembly to securely hold different sizes of stamps. Consequently, a prefabricated stamp with a stamping face made of a black EVA sheet can be securely held on the fixture seat to be photoengraved in the cabinet under a flash lighting. Thus, the process of photoengraving for stamping face is simplified and the quality of the photoengraving is ensured by the photoengraving machine.

Abstract: An image exposing apparatus for imagewise exposing on a light-sensitive material, consists of: a plurality of light emitting element rows; a light mixing device for mixing light emitted from the plurality of light emitting element rows to form emergent light in a line in which rays of light are mixed on the same line; and a moving device for moving at least one of the light-sensitive material and the light mixing device, so that an exposure line that is formed when the light-sensitive material is exposed to the emergent light in a line is moved in a direction having a directional component perpendicular to the exposure line.

Abstract: An improved machine for insolating photopolymer plates and comprising a device secured sidewise onto the frame and delivering a flow of cooling air tangentially to the top part of the frame of the machine to avoid the formation of defects on the photosensitive polymer plate disposed upon the top part of the frame, in view of the energy radiated by the ultraviolet source insolating the plate, the machine permitting the insolation of photopolymer plates for flexographic printing.

Abstract: A transilluminator having a housing having therein a window, a first light source supported within the housing for transmitting light through the window and illuminating a sample adjacent the window, and a second light source which is mounted outside the housing and which is movable between a first position wherein the second light source is removed from the window, and a second position wherein the second light source is over the window for transmitting light onto a sample adjacent the second light source.

Abstract: A transilluminator comprising a housing having therein a UV-transmissible window and a UV light source supported within the housing for transmitting UV light through the window. A surface within the housing reflects an image of the light source through the window so that the light source appears at the window to be more than one light source.

Abstract: A transilluminator including a housing with a top wall having a UV-transmissible window and an upwardly extending projection. A UV light source is supported within the housing for transmitting UV light through the window and a UV-blocking cover with a hinge assembly is provided for movement of the cover between a blocking position and a non-blocking position. The hinge assembly has an undercut, and the protector plate includes a rearward portion which extends into the undercut when the plate is positioned over the window. The plate also includes a forward portion having an aperture through which the projection extends when the plate is positioned over the window. The plate is secured to the top wall by sliding the rearward portion of the plate into the undercut and then lowering the forward portion of the plate so that the projection extends into the aperture.

Abstract: A device for selectively recording charges for copies made on a copying machine by way of two or more accounting means connected at the same time via the device to the copying machine, comprising means for coupling the device to the copying machine, a plurality of connection points each one of which is connectable separately to a different accounting means and control means which selectively activates one of the accounting means for recording of the charges and the method of accomplishing the recording of such charges.

Abstract: A compact, multi-function screen printing table is provided which, with the exception of the emulsion rinsing step, permits all of the steps of a screen printing process to be carried out at a single, space-saving work station. The upper side of the table is provided with a translucent foam-backed glass cover plate which cooperates with a clear glass base plate to form a vacuum exposure chamber and, when in a lowered position, also forms a convenient work surface for screen assembly, layout and stripping purposes. The cover plate is also used in conjunction with an automated printing arm assembly to carry out the actual imprintation process. The cover plate is movably mounted on the base plate and may be selectively and adjustably moved to effect precise registration and alignment between a printing screen and a substrate. Suitable backlighting and exposure lighting systems are disposed in a housing which depends from the table top.

Abstract: An exposure unit for exposing a photosensitive image recording medium with light for forming an image corresponding to an original. The exposure unit comprises a light source; an original mounting table for mounting the original thereon, the original mounting table being disposed above the light source and extending over a light path zone so as to maintain the original at the light path zone, the photosensitive image recording medium being travelled over the original; contact means disposed above the photosensitive image recording medium for providing an intimate contact between the original and the photosensitive image recording medium when the original is brought into the light path zone for allowing a light to pass through the original and to reach to the photosensitive image recording medium; and, means for guiding travel of one of the original and the photosensitive image recording medium.

Abstract: A reproduction camera comprising an original plane, an objective plane, and a picture plane, a raster, a film, and a preferably transparent recording sheet being situated on a glass plate in the picture plane, and a rubber cover optionally being situated on the recording sheet during a reproduction. The recording sheet is preferably adhered along one side to the glass plate therebelow. Static electricity may, however, occur when a rubber cover in a pivotably mounted lid has been pressed towards the adhered recording sheet and is subsequently opened. The attractive force between the cover and the recording sheet caused by the charge may become so strong that the recording sheet follows the lid when said lid is opened. In addition the operator can be subjected to electric shocks.

Abstract: A solar reactive device is set forth for imparting images on light sensitive paper. Light sensitive paper is positioned within an open container whereupon a positive transparency is positioned thereover and finally a plastic-like cover encloses the contents. The container is positioned to receive solar light for a time period, whereupon the plastic-like cover is removed along with the positive transparency. Further utilization of solar light effects clarification of an image imparted via the removed positive transparency.

Abstract: A device for and method of editing a reproduction to be made by using a diazo process in which the device comprises a portable body adapted to be hand held. The body has a chamber and a port that provides access from the chamber outwardly of the body. An electric light source is disposed in the chamber of the body to provide light through the port with the electric light source having sufficient illumination to expose a light sensitive diazo compound. Electrical power provides power to the electric light source such that light from the electric light source in the body is directed through the port onto the light sensitive diazo compound of any undesired portion of the reproduction prior to developing the reproduction.

Abstract: An illumination housing includes a glass platen for supporting a document, the platen having at least one surface area uniformly roughened. In one embodiment, both surfaces are uniformly roughened by an etching process. The surface of the platen are thus rendered diffusely reflective to specular hot or cold light spots formed by light reflected from optical components within the illumination system and compensates for platen-derived specular reflections into the projection lens.

Abstract: The exposure device is especially intended for use with the contact print of circuit patterns on printed circuit boards, and is composed of a tubular light source extending with the length thereof throughout the exposure field width and disposed in a housing light-permeable over the exposure field, with the light source being disposed within a reflector open toward the exposure field and a light-directing grid covered by the side flanks of the reflector being located underneath the light source, and a heat insulating plate being provided underneath the light directing grid.

Abstract: Vacuum printing apparatus is provided including a light box having an upwardly facing ground glass illuminated surface. A manually movable vacuum box is movable independently of the light box and is operated face down with a vacuum chamber above the photosensitive printing material and a transparency, the vacuum box resting on the light box for exposure.

Abstract: Film copying apparatus especially for copying a negative film such as an X-ray film upon an underlying sensitized film by exposure to light rays for a predetermined timed interval. The apparatus comprises a four-sided frusto-pyramidal housing structure in which an outer housing formed from a folded sheet of plastic material and an inner housing of a light reflecting metal are secured in nested relation and coact to provide a light chamber having a bottom light transmitting opening that is spanned by a transparent light transmitting window.

Abstract: A method for providing an image of zones of ultraviolet absorbing material in a medium substantially transparent to ultraviolet light, such as nucleic acid in a polyacrylamide gel, comprises the steps of placing in juxtaposition to the gel standard photographic film and directing ultraviolet light to the gel such that the photographic film is in the path of light exiting the gel. The zones in the gel absorb one or more discrete wavelengths of ultraviolet light, and the film is exposed by incident ultraviolet light such that a photographic image of the nucleic acid zones is created on the photographic film. Apparatus for providing ultraviolet images of ultraviolet light absorbing material in a medium relatively transparent to ultraviolet light comprises an enclosure in which a medium with zones of ultraviolet light absorbing material is placed.

Abstract: An apparatus for exposing photosensitive media is disclosed in which the light reaching the photosensitive layer of the media is monitored, with the exposure being terminated after the desired amount of light has been received. A multiple exposure control is also provided which adjusts the relative exposures during first and second exposures of the photosensitive material. A special roller curtain mechanism is also disclosed. In addition, the apparatus includes a vacuum system for generating a vacuum, as the curtain descends with the vacuum being drawn between the blanket or curtain and a glass plate which supports the sensitized media and originals being copied. The surface supporting the sensitized materials is inclined to facilitate loading and unloading of the apparatus and also the operation of the curtain.

Abstract: A light box is for supporting a stack of essentially transparent sheets including photo material which is insensitive to daylight and sensitive to shortwave light, and a record carrier film having transparent regions in the form of the characters or other representations to be produced and an opaque background to shortwave light. The illumination by the light box facilitates positioning of the record carrier film relatively to the photo material, and a grid can be a further help in positioning. A flash device having an aperture, the size of which corresponds to the size of the character or other representation, is for producing the shortwave light to blacken the photo material corresponding to the selected record on the record carrier film.

Abstract: A microfilm duplicator for duplicating images received from a microfiche onto a duplicating medium. Images from the master microfiche are transferred to the duplicating medium at an exposure station. A duplicating medium support frame is operator moveable to cause the duplicating medium to be transported to a developing station wherein the duplicating medium is developed. The duplicating medium is then transported to a clearing station wherein unimaged areas are cleared from the duplicating medium and the duplicate is discharged at a discharge station. While one duplicate is being developed, a second duplicate can be exposed at the exposure station thus increasing throughput of the device.

Abstract: A box type contact printer for photographic plate making is disclosed. A lower frame and an upper frame positioned thereon, the latter being made of a transparent material, are pivotally connected to each other at their rear ends so that a photosensitive material and an original picture put thereon may be positioned between the two frames, and a shield box having a front opening for covering the frames includes an exposure light source in its inside top. The front opening is adapted to be covered by a roll-up curtain. At least one lower front corner portion of the side walls of the shield box is diagonally cut off, and the upper frame is provided with a shield plate which is disposed so as to shield the cut-off portion of the cut off side wall when the lower and the upper frames are closed.

Abstract: Dry-process imaging apparatus for flash imaging an imaging film having a layer of an energy dispersible image forming material on a surface thereof. The apparatus comprises a source of electromagnetic or radiant energy, radiant energy collecting and guiding means, and support means including masking means for the imaging film. The apparatus is especially suitable for flash imaging microfiche cards, and enables an imaging energy source such as, for example, a Xenon flash tube, to be operated at lower energy levels for shorter time periods while achieving uniformity of energy distribution over a comparatively large area at the film plane.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for alternatively positioning a quartz or pinpoint light above a vacuum printing frame in a lithographic process. Either a quartz or a pinpoint light is required to produce fine line contacts, duplicates and reverses which are subsequently arranged in the desired orientation and transferred onto a printing plate for offset printing. The apparatus is located over a vacuum printing frame, or similar device, and has both the quartz light and pinpoint light attached to a movable housing. The housing is movable along two rails so as to accurately position either of the lights in its proper position over the printing frame. Movement of the housing is initiated by the operator and ceases when the housing contacts a limit switch.

Abstract: Apparatus for duplicating microfiche, which is of moderate cost yet which operates rapidly to make duplicates of high quality from both jacketed and unjacketed microfiche. A relatively uniform and collimated light source is provided for use with jacketed microfiche, by utilizing a bank of fluorescent aperture lamps and a bank of cylindrical lenses between the lamps and microfiche, with the side of the lenses closest to the microfiche being flattened and with the lenses having baffles of lower index of refraction than the clear segments of the lenses. A developing station for holding gaseous ammonia or other developing medium, is sealed by an inflatable seal.

Abstract: A light exposure device including an open-ended housing with trapezoidal side walls and a rectangular top wall contiguous therewith. The internal surface of the top wall and major portions of the internal surfaces of the side walls are light-diffusing while the remaining portions of the side wall internal surfaces are specular reflective. These surfaces are arranged such that the reflective surfaces direct light from the device's light source to the diffusing surfaces whereby only the diffused light passes through the housing's open end. A portable copier which utilizes the above device is also described.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for printing a border on a photographic print. The apparatus is particularly useful for printing black borders which have always been difficult and costly to produce. The apparatus includes a light source within an enclosure having a translucent flat top surface to emit light and a straight edge at one side thereof, the enclosure having sides formed from opaque material. A further flat surface is positioned in the same plane as the translucent surface extending from the straight edge, a platen is formed from opaque material extending over the translucent surface with a sealing and pressure strip over the straight edge, a right angle corner frame positioned on the translucent surface with one arm having an edge parallel to the straight edge, an adjustable guide means for the corner frame and a locking means for locating the corner frame in a position on a linear path.

Abstract: A positioning device is disclosed, designed for use in the color separation plate making industry, whereby several sets of original films may be mounted on base sheets, each member of a set being mounted on a different base sheet in the same position relative to the members of the other sets. The invention employs a rotating frame which has several faces on which base sheets are mounted, and incorporates a positioning device adapted to locate original films accurately at corresponding positions on the different faces. Thus the invention achieves its desired result accurately, conveniently, and cheaply.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for duplicating on microfiche the intelligence appearing on a photoplastic microfiche master by irradiating the duplicate through the master with high intensity moderately collimated light. Photoplastic film having a relatively thick thermoplastic layer is used as the master. The master and the duplicate are separated by a gap of predetermined size, which gap can be filled by air, plastic, glass or any other transparent medium. Multiple light sources isolated from one another, are used and provision is made for absorbing and dissipating some of the heat before the light reaches the master. Means are provided for assuring relatively uniform light intensity across the entire recording face and for assuring consistent irradiation of the duplicate irrespective of lamp age or line voltage variations.

Abstract: A portable low-cost copier comprises a housing having a bottom surface at which a photosensitized sheet and an original can be disposed. Disposed within the housing is a chemical flashlamp which is ignited to make the copy.

Abstract: A multi-purpose laboratory light box for observation and photographic procedures comprises a box of convenient size having two slidable top panels adapted to be moved toward and away from each other to provide an opening of variable width and location. The box is covered with light-absorbing black material inside and out. A pair of tubular fluorescent lamps are mounted respectively within the box on the facing edge portions of the two top panels, the lamps being adjacent the panels and substantially flush with the facing edges of the panels. In use, the lamps are energized to provide light in the variable opening between the top panels for purposes of observing and photographing desired characteristics of various laboratory specimens. Fluorescent lamps of different characteristics such as white light and ultraviolet light are useable interchangeably, depending on requirements.

Abstract: Photoresist coated transparent structures are supported in a black body (reflectionless) holder during activating exposure of the photoresist. When the photoresist coated structure is positioned in the holder, there is no reflecting surface close enough to the photoresist coated structure for photoresist-activating radiation which has once passed through the structure to be reflected back into the photoresist with sufficient intensity to expose the photoresist.