Abstract: A laser alignment system is affixed to a drilling machine M, the laser alignment system contains: a base, two first fixers, two lamp holders, two second fixers, two first resilient elements, two first adjustable screws, two second resilient elements, and two second adjustable screws. The base includes two symmetrical holding sections, two extensions, and two peripheral orifices. Each first fixer has a first arcuate portion, an accommodation hole, a first threaded hole, a limitation hole, a first protrusion and a second protrusion. Each lamp holder includes a peripheral knob, a first receiving orifice, a first rotation portion, a second rotation portion, and a swing portion. Each second fixer includes a second arcuate portion, a second receiving orifice, a first projection and a second projection.

Abstract: An apparatus for simulating an oscillating flight path is provided. The apparatus comprises a slide extending along a first axis; a support structure slidably coupled to the slide; and a table connected to the support structure. The support structure is operable to move along the slide. The table is coupled to the support structure and operable to rotate about a second axis orthogonal to the first axis. The table comprises a surface that is parallel to the second axis and that is operable to rotate about a third axis orthogonal to the second axis.

Abstract: A star scanner is provided that uses miniaturized high-speed electronics and an ultra-compact freeform optical design. The star scanner reduces instrument volume, reduces power consumption, and reduces costs, relative to existing star scanners. The optics can be used with a credit card-like footprint, electronics sensor board with optimally packed electronics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a measuring device for determining an angle (W; W10) from measured lengths (L1, L2, L3; L10, L20) and/or angles (?, ?) by way of trigonometric conditions. In a first embodiment, it is provided that a minimum length (L1) between a measuring point (P2) and a first wall surface (1), and a minimum length (L2) between the measuring point (P2) and a second wall surface (2), and a length (L3) between the measuring point (P2) and an intersecting point of the first wall surface (1) with the second wall surface (2) are determined from a measurement sequence of individual measurements. Based on these lengths, the required angle (W) between the first wall surface (1) and the second wall surface (2) is determined.

Abstract: In a case where generating a training image of an object to be used to generate a dictionary to be referred to in image recognition processing of detecting the object from an input image, model information of an object to be detected is set, and a luminance image of the object and a range image are input. The luminance distribution of the surface of the object is estimated based on the luminance image and the range image, and the training image of the object is generated based on the model information and the luminance distribution.

Abstract: A method for segmenting a projected pattern in an image recorded by a camera includes recording, by a camera in a learning phase, a multiplicity of images produced by virtue of a light source projecting the pattern from a plurality of different angles onto a projection surface in a clean room, wherein the projection surface has a plurality of respectively different distances from the light source for each angle; transforming the multiplicity of images into a frequency domain representation; obtaining a value range of occurring frequencies from the frequency domain representation of the multiplicity of images; and masking, in an application phase, frequencies other than the frequencies lying in the value range in a frequency domain representation of the image recorded by the camera, wherein a difference image produced in this manner is transformed back from the frequency domain representation.

Abstract: An inspection substrate for inspecting a component of an apparatus for processing production substrates, the inspection substrate has: a body having dimensions similar to the production substrates so that the inspection substrate is compatible with the apparatus; an illumination device embedded in the body, the illumination device configured to emit radiation toward a target area of the component of the apparatus; an imaging device embedded in the body, the imaging device configured to detect radiation scattered at the target area and generate an image from the detected radiation, wherein the illumination device is configured to emit the radiation such that radiation that is specularly reflected at the target area does not contribute to the image generated by the imaging device.

Abstract: A two-dimension layout system identifies points and their coordinates, and transfers identified points on a solid surface to other surfaces in a vertical direction. Two leveling laser light transmitters are used with a remote unit to control certain functions. The laser transmitters rotate about the azimuth, and emit vertical (plumb) laser planes. After being set up using benchmark points, the projected lines of the laser planes will intersect on the floor of a jobsite at any point of interest in a virtual floor plan, under control of a user with the remote unit. An “active target” can be used to more automatically create benchmarks. A laser distance meter can be installed on base units to automatically scan a room or a wall to determine certain key features.

Abstract: A device for surveying interior spaces and architectural features, which is adapted to be placed in environments for laying out the plan of such environments. The device includes an instrument for sensing the distance of a predetermined point relative to the position of the device, such as a laser distance meter or the like, there being provided a system that senses the rotation of such device. There are also provided an electronic control unit and a power supply and generation source, such as a battery or the like, for powering such device. The present invention also relates to a method of laying out and reconstructing plans of interior environments.

Abstract: An interference objective lens includes: an objective lens configured to converge a light to be emitted from a light source toward a measurement target; a reference surface unit having a reference surface; and a beam splitter configured to split the light having passed through the objective lens into a reference optical path facing toward the reference surface and a measurement optical path facing toward the measurement target, to synthesize a reflected light from the reference surface and a reflected light from the measurement target, and to output the same as an interference light, wherein the reference surface unit is configured to be replaceable.

Abstract: A robot includes a work tool that performs a work to a work point, and a moving unit that moves the work tool and changes the posture thereof. A console receives an operation to designate the coordinates of arbitrary two or three points on an inclined surface. Upon this operation, a processor calculates a direction of the work tool toward the work point from a work start point based on the coordinates of the arbitrary two or three points, next, a control unit moves the work tool to the work start point, directs the posture of the work tool toward the work point in accordance with the calculation by the processor, and causes the work tool to start a process to the work point.

Abstract: An apparatus, device, or method may detect aim or pointing direction of a firearm, and may display aim directions of the firearm for gunshots fired at a target. Sequence of bullet strikes by multiple gunshots may be determined. A method may comprise detecting gunshots of the firearm discharging live ammunition, measuring aim directions of the firearm substantially at times of detecting the gunshots, recording the times of the gunshots and/or sequence order of the gunshots, and generating output for displaying an image that includes bullet strike icons that represent bullet strikes on the target. Locations of the bullet strike icons in the image may be based, at least in part, on the measured aim directions of the gunshots.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for automating a manual process. The methods, systems, and apparatus include actions of identifying a process that (i) is manually performed by a user interacting with a computer, and (ii) is to be automated for performance by a robot that is configured to interact with another computer. Additional actions include obtaining one or more images taken of a display of the computer while the user is interacting with the computer in manually performing the process and applying a computer vision technique to identify one or more activities associated with the process. Further actions include, for each of the one or more identified activities, generating activity information associated with the activity and generating a process definition for use in causing the robot to automatically perform the process.

Abstract: A construction surveying device having a base, an upper part mounted on the base and can be rotated about an axis of rotation, a sighting unit having a laser source which is designed to emit a laser beam and a laser light detector, and an evaluation and control unit, a first rotary drive and a second rotary drive enable the upper part and the sighting unit to be driven and aligned, a spatial alignment of the sighting unit with respect to the base can be detected using two goniometers, and coordinates for space points can be determined using the evaluation and control unit, the construction surveying device has a horizontal line projection functionality which, at least sometimes, takes place automatically after triggering and is intended to measure and mark space points along a horizontal line, running in a horizontal plane, on an arbitrarily shaped surface.

Abstract: A robot control system for controlling a position and an attitude of a robot head is provided with an operating head held by an operator and a sensor for detecting a position and an attitude of the operating head. An attitude recognition portion of the control means recognizes an initial attitude of the operating head when a control switch provided at the operating head is turned on, and acquires a displacement vector from the initial attitude by a change in the attitude of the operating head. An attitude conversion portion converts the displacement vector from the initial attitude to a displacement vector from the reference attitude corresponding to a predetermined reference attitude, and the control means makes the attitude of the robot head follow the displacement vector from the reference attitude. In whatever attitude the operator holds the operating head, the position and the attitude of the robot head can follow the change in the position and the attitude of the operating head.

Abstract: Position measurements by a tracking system associated with a survey tool are corrected for tilt. The tracking station typically incorporates some offset from the surface across which a survey is conducted, and the offset will be subject to angular displacement as the tool tilts with respect to its normal orientation. The tracking system records the 3D position of the survey tool, with angular offset errors. In the disclosed examples, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a dual axis inclinometer or a combination of two single axis inclinometers measures the amount of angular offset. The angular offset data is used to correct the position data, e.g. to reduce or eliminate errors caused by the angular offset, e.g. from vertical. If the tool provides measurement data, e.g. GPR readings, processing of the measurement data from the survey tool uses the corrected position data, e.g. to produce images of sub-surface features or objects.

Abstract: A wireless substrate-like sensor is provided to facilitate alignment and calibration of semiconductor processing systems. The wireless substrate-like sensor includes an optical image acquisition system that acquires one or more images of targets placed within the semiconductor processing system. Analysis of images of the targets obtained by the wireless substrate-like sensor provides position and/or orientation information in at least three degrees of freedom. An additional target is affixed to a known location within the semiconductor processing system such that imaging the reference position with the wireless substrate-like sensor allows the measurement and compensation for pick-up errors.

Abstract: A working position measuring system, comprising a rotary laser device for irradiating and rotating a laser beam and a photodetection sensor device for receiving the laser beam and for detecting a working position, wherein the rotary laser device comprises a laser projector for projecting at least two fan-shaped beams with at least one beam tilted, and the photodetection sensor device comprises at least one photodetection unit for receiving the fan-shaped beams and an arithmetic unit for calculating an elevation angle relative to the rotary laser device based on photodetection signals produced when the photodetection unit receives the light beam.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image input apparatus into which a three-dimensional image as well as a two-dimensional image can be easily input. This image input apparatus includes an image pick-up unit, a projector unit, and a mover unit. The projector unit projects a predetermined projection light pattern onto an image object, and the image pick-up unit picks up the projection image containing distortions of the projection light pattern. The relative position between the projector unit and the image pick-up unit is fixed. The mover unit moves the image pick-up unit relatively with the projector unit, so that the image pick-up unit can pick up a plurality of projection images at different image pick-up locations.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of making the same for sensing inclination. The apparatus includes a member moveably positioned in a body, the member moves in response to gravity between two positions if the body is rotated relative to an axis exceeding a certain amount. A detector can be used to detect when the member moves and can automatically report rotation. A method of making an inclinometer includes creating the body by laminating layers, where a layer is prefabricated to include an appropriate cut-out to guide the member between the two positions. Another layer or layers can include the detector. An aspect of the invention comprises having each layer include prefabricated features for multiple inclinometers, and then superposing the prefabricated layers, activating adhesive between them to form a lamination defining a plurality of inclinometers, and then separating the lamination into individual inclinometers.

Abstract: A power tool having a work surface and a spindle attached to the power tool and defining an axis of operation of the power tool. In one embodiment, the power tool may include a bracket above the work surface. The bracket may include first and second bracket receptacles and first second holders movably supported in the first and second bracket receptacles. A first laser generator may be mounted in the first holder at a first angle relative to an axis of the first holder, and it may adjustably project a first fan beam. A second laser generator may be mounted in the send holder at a second angle relative to an axis of the second holder, and it may adjustably project a second fan beam. The first and second fan beams may be adjusted to intersect along the axis of operation of the power tool.

Abstract: Methods for measuring the low spatial reflectivity uniformity of a DMD spatial light modulator. These methods are unique since they compensate for the non-uniformities introduced by the tilt angle of the DMD mirrors in addition to the normal system non-uniformities introduced by the illumination source and optics. These methods flatten the image and remove all but the low spatial non-uniformities from the DMD mirrors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a white light source. This white light source comprises a plurality of amplified spontaneous emission light generating sections each comprising at least an active fiber. At least two of the amplified spontaneous emission light generating sections are connected together in series. The plurality of amplified spontaneous emission light generating sections generate amplified spontaneous emission lights having at least partially overlapping wavelength ranges. Furthermore, a white light source of the present invention includes amplified spontaneous emission light generating sections each comprising at least an active fiber. At least one of the amplified spontaneous emission light generating sections comprises a mirror.

Abstract: A wireless substrate-like sensor is provided to facilitate alignment and calibration of semiconductor processing systems. The wireless substrate-like sensor includes an optical image acquisition system that acquires one or more images of targets placed within the semiconductor processing system. Analysis of images of the targets obtained by the wireless substrate-like sensor provides position and/or orientation information in at least three degrees of freedom. An additional target is affixed to a known location within the semiconductor processing system such that imaging the reference position with the wireless substrate-like sensor allows the measurement and compensation for pick-up errors.

Abstract: A lens driving device which does not make larger an apparatus in which the device is installed, which ensures a longer span for preventing a tilt of a lens therein, and which allows an easy access to the lens after assemblage is disclosed. The lens driving device includes a stationary board; a lens frame holding a lens group; a moving body like a flat plate one end of which is fixed to the lens frame in which the moving body is slid over the stationary board; and a rod, extending in an optical direction of the lens, which guides the moving body in the optical direction and is driven by a piezoelectric element. In the arrangement, the other end of the flat plate is frictionally held by the rod over a predetermined distance in the optical direction. When the piezoelectric element is supplied with a voltage with a predetermined waveform, the lens frame is driven in the direction of the optical axis by the moving body frictionally engaging the rod.

Abstract: The apparatus and the system for precise vertical navigation of a grading machine in profile of a curved job site terrain is disclosed. The system includes an integrated satellite navigational receiver and a laser detector system. A plurality of laser systems generates a plurality of laser beams covering the curved job site terrain. The laser detector system mounted in the grading machine latches on a single laser beam at each location of the grading machine to obtain the precise vertical coordinate of the grading machine.

Abstract: The present invention provides a construction machine control system, which comprises a rotary laser irradiating system for irradiating a plurality of laser beams by separating in a vertical direction and for forming a plurality of laser beam reference planes by the plurality of laser beams, a construction machine having a ground leveling tool, a level sensor arranged on the ground leveling tool and for receiving and detecting the laser beams, a driving unit for driving the ground leveling tool to adjust height thereof, a control device for controlling the driving unit, and a GPS receiving system for detecting a position of the construction machine, wherein the control device detects the position of the construction machine by the GPS receiving system, the level sensor selects at least one of the plurality of laser beams and controls the driving unit based on a laser beam photodetecting position of the level sensor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rotary laser irradiating system, comprising a light emitter for emitting a laser beam, a rotator rotatably mounted on said light emitter for forming a laser reference plane by projecting and rotating the laser beam, and links for movably supporting said light emitter, wherein the links are tilted in such manner that it leans approximately toward the rotation center of said rotator, and the light emitter is movable approximately around said rotator. When the light emitter is tilted, the center of the rotator is not displaced almost at all within a predetermined range, and there is no need to compensate the position with respect to the target.

Abstract: The laser survey instrument according to the present invention comprises a rotary laser device and a photodetector for receiving a laser beam, wherein the rotary laser device comprises a light source unit for emitting the laser beam, a rotator for projecting the laser beam toward the photodetector by rotary irradiation, detection means for detecting status of the rotary laser device, and a control unit for changing the number of rotations of said rotator based on the result of detection from the detection means in order to transmit the detection result from the detection means to the photodetector, the photodetector comprises a photodetection unit for receiving the laser beam from the rotary laser device and for issuing a photodetection signal, display means having a display corresponding to the photodetection signal, and judging means for detecting the number of rotations of the laser beams from the photodetection signal of the photodetection unit and for operating the display means according to the rotating

Abstract: A laser transmitter and a method of transmitting a reference laser beam are provided comprising an auto scan dither mode. According to one aspect of the present invention, a laser transmitter is provided comprising a laser detection module, an optical system, and a controller. The laser detection module is operative to produce a reflected laser beam signal. The optical system is arranged to generate a reference laser beam selectively in one of a search mode and a target dither mode and to direct a reflected laser beam to the laser detection module. The optical system defines a rotational axis and the reference beam projects radially from the rotational axis. The search mode is characterized by movement of the reference beam through a rotational arc defined about the rotational axis and the target dither mode is characterized by movement of the reference beam through a dither zone occupying a portion of the rotational arc.

Abstract: A number of laser beam stations emit vertically separated parallel planes and/or ray-planes of laser light that can be discriminated by their respective plane elevations, modulation of the laser light, time synchronizing, etc. Identifying the laser plane would also imply an identification of the source laser beam station, and thus a precise indication of the elevation at the point of optical intercept. Alternatively, a single laser beam station is used that can emit several different monochromatic color planes and/or ray-planes of laser light. Monochromatic laser diodes, for example, are used for point-light sources and rotating or on-end conical mirrors are used to convert the diode laser light to the required monochromatic color planes and/or ray-planes of laser light.

Abstract: Images of an object viewed from a plurality of points of view is input through an image inputting unit. Change of orientation of the image inputting means, occurring when the images of the object are input, is detected. Change of position of point of view, occurring when the images of the object are input, is detected. Characteristic points are extracted from the image which is input previously, each of the characteristic points corresponding to a respective one of objects points on the object. Corresponding points are extracted from the image which is input currently, each of the corresponding points corresponding to a respective one of the characteristic points. The three-dimensional position of each of the object points is calculated, based on the change of orientation and the change of position of point of view of the image inputting unit and the data of the characteristic points and the corresponding points.

Abstract: A modular laser-based surveying system is disclosed which comprises a laser-based distance measuring module and a separable compass module removably coupled to the laser based distance measuring module. Each of these modules may be operated as stand alone units as each has its own power supply and display. The system further may comprise a separate angle encoder module adapted to be coupled to either the laser distance measuring module or the compass module and a data logger or computer for processing data transmitted from any or all of the modules.

Abstract: The sight comprises a support adapted for mounting onto an instrument to be aimed at a target, an optical device mounted onto the support for creating an image including a first sighting mark at a first finite distance with respect to the optical device, and a device mounted on to the support for providing a second sighting mark at a finite distance with respect to the first sighting mark. The instrument is aimed at the target by aligning the sighting marks. Since at least the first sighting mark is an image, its position can be chosen to improve the accuracy of aiming by alignment of the marks without having to physically accommodate the first mark.

Abstract: A tunable wavelength agile opto-electronic device for detecting and determining an angle of arrival of a collimated beam of radiation comprising a linearly variable optical filter superimposed over an elongated detector having at least one radiation detector element in each quadrant of the detector. Radiation that transverses that filter projects an image of a first portion of the filter onto two adjacent detector elements in separate quadrants at a first end of the elongated detector and an equal size image of a second portion of the filter onto two adjacent detector elements in separate quadrants at a second end of the elongated detector. A signal generated by radiation that transverses the filter onto a detector element in a quadrant at the second end is subtracted from a signal generated by radiation that transverses the filter onto an aligned detector element at the first end of the elongated detector to provide two difference signals, one for each side of the elongated detector.

Abstract: A laser scanner 50 includes a laser 76 affixed to a pendulum 66 with a damper 80 for damping the movement of the pendulum 66. The laser scanner 50 is controllable through a remote control 62 for positioning the laser beam as desired. Both horizontal and vertical laser beams can be projected in order to orient the laser scanner 50 with respect to gravity and simultaneously elevation.

Abstract: The target of the present invention is to provide an automatic high speed, low-cost, multi-mode three-dimensional(3D) surface profile measurement method. This method exploits the projected energy with a known spatially distributed wavelength spectrum on the surface of objects in the scene. The unique wavelength is encoded with geometry information of a unique projection ray of the radiation energy in 3D space. This wavelength of the projected energy is detected by a 2D image sensor array that is able to uniquely distinguish the wavelength of the radiation energy at the points of interest on the scene. The projection geometry information is recovered by using a color match scheme and the range values associated with every pixel of the 2D image sensor will be calculated through a straightforward triangulation algorithm. Full frames of 3D range images can then be obtained directly at the frame acquisition rate of the 2D image sensor array.

Abstract: This invention is a method for remotely obtaining roadway crown point elevation and horizontal location based on projecting a horizontal laser beam configured vertically in either a continuous or discrete manner across the roadway surface at a predetermined elevation substantially coincident with the crown point of the roadway. The highest elevation of the roadway partially occludes the vertically configured laser beam. The lowest elevation of the laser beam which contacts an array of vertically configured laser receivers positioned on the opposite side of the roadway is by necessity the elevation of the roadway crown. By using an optical detector at a known vertical offset from the laser beam emitter, the angle and hence the distance can be determined to the furthest laser impact with the roadway. This distance information can be combined with the known line between the laser emitter and laser receivers to resolve the horizontal coordinates of that point.

Abstract: A real time directional orientation apparatus is disclosed for use in a two pi (2.pi.) geometry. The apparatus is to be affixed to an object which translates in space. A cylindrical disk is suspended in a fluid in concert with a magnet. The cylindrical disk is disposed inside a cylindrical housing. A light source is in communication with the disk and the light is propagated through the disk where it is finally projected from the disk in a radial fashion. The light beam projected is detected by a bank of photon sensitive detectors lining the interior of the cylindrical housing. The light source is propagated through two coplanar, orthogonal light channels which emanate from the center of the disk in a radial fashion. The photon sensitive detectors register the orientation of the light channels against a known starting value.

Abstract: An interferometer (14) performs three topographical measures of an artifact (12) to determine taper between opposing surfaces (50 and 52) of the artifact (12) mounted on three points of support (30, 32, and 34). Two sets of three data points (60, 62, and 64 and 68, 70, and 72) are extracted from the first topographical measure and are used to calculate irregularities in one of the opposing surfaces (50). The second two topographical measures are made of the other artifact surface (52). Taper between the opposing surfaces (50 and 52) is calculated independently of both the surface irregularities and any angular deviations of the three points of support (30, 32, and 34).

Abstract: A scanning method and apparatus for an opto-electronic camera having a wide field of view and high resolution, wherein:for each value given to the angle of the deflector about the first axis of rotation the square of the value of the angle of the deflector about the first axis of rotation is calculated;a correction is added to the value of the angle of the deflector relative to its rotation about the second axis of rotation, the correction being in the form of a quantity proportional to the square of value of the angle of the deflector relative to its rotation about the first axis of rotation, thereby obtaining a corrected value for the angle of rotation, thereby obtaining a corrected value for the angle of the deflector relative to the second axis of rotation; andthe deflector is positioned relative to the second axis of rotation by applying the corrected value of the angle of the deflector.

Abstract: A stage light projector including an electronically controlled lens system capable of independently positioning two lenses of a triplet lens system to focus light from different selected back focal plane distances to project images having different selected sizes upon a screen or stage at a selected distance.

Abstract: The device comprises a horizontally and vertically movably supported laser (1), which is mounted in a forked carrier (7) so as to be rotatable through 360.degree. about a tilt axis (8) which extends at right angles to the laser exit beam (6) and which intersects this beam, in the manner of a theodolite.

Abstract: An electrooptical sensor system directly measures the angle between two nearly parallel collimated laser beams. After focussing with a positive lens, the beams pass through a photoelastic modulator, a quarter wave retardation plate, and two polarizers. The beams then hit a lateral cell position sensor. Electrical signals from the lateral cell are processed with special electronics to yield a voltage which is proportional to the angular difference between the two beams. The sensor measures extremely small angles and operates at a high bandwidth. Its primary application is in the control of phased array optical telescopes.

Abstract: Three linear direction measurement sensors mounted adjacent to one another comprise a device for simultaneously measuring the directions of a plurality of optical targets. Four linear direction sensors distributed over at least two locations comprise a device for simultaneously measuring the three-dimensional positions of a plurality of optical targets.

Abstract: Three axis attitude information is provided by a horizon sensor for a spin stabilized satellite having an optical system on the spinning member viewing normal to the spin axis with a linear array of detectors in its focal plane which scans a zone around the earth. The detectors are self scanned and sensitive to visible and UV light and respond to the sun illuminated crescent of the earth, moon, stars or other illuminated bodies. Accordingly, a linear array of detectors mounted on a rotating portion of the satellite views a line in space which scans a zone on the celestial sphere and from the position of two celestial objects within this zone such as the earth and the sun, and the known time, pitch, roll and yaw can be established. The system also has an automatic alignment feature in which the array can be accurately aligned with the spin axis and any misalignment can be determined from orbital data and corrections made in flight. With the wide 360.degree.

Abstract: The system has one or more vision units each of which has a head with a primary prism, a primary objective lens, and zoom optics including a plurality of lenses which form an optical path through which the image of an object may pass onto an area array sensor. Also provided is a reseau plate having a plurality of reseaus formed in a given pattern and a light source for projecting the image of the reseaus through the optical path onto the sensor for use for correcting in real time, optical distortion of the image of the object passing through the optical path including the lenses of the zoom optics. The unit is capable of movement about two perpendicular axis. Servo control devices operated by a computer are employed for automatically adjusting the focus, aperture, magnification, axial position of the reseau plate in consonance with the focus adjustment, and movement of the head about its two axes. The system also contains a central control processing head and a manual controller for the vision units.

Abstract: A surveying instrument in which the azimuth angle setting device is incorporated has a collimating telescope which is rotatable around at least a vertical axis. The azimuth angle setting device comprises horizontal angle detection means for producing an electrical signal corresponding to at least a horizontal angle around which the collimating telescope rotates, input means for entering a coordinate, memory means for storing the horizontal angle signal produced by the horizontal angle detection means and the input coordinate entered by the input means, and processing means for calculating a direction of magnetic north based on the coordinate of a measurement point at which the surveying instrument is mounted, entered to the memory means by the input means and a coordinate of a target to be collimated by the collimating telescope.

Abstract: The satellite locator means comprises a dual optical instrument which provides a portable, multiple eyepiece unit containing a plurality of lenses and mirrors. The outer housing has a handle to insure the steadiness and accuracy of the readings when the unit is being used. One eyepiece has a magnifying lens which views a magnetic compass and a bubble level. Another eyepiece contains a lens system which includes a crosshair to aid in the accuracy of the unit. The second eyepiece views an adjustable mirror controlled by an elevational setting system, operated by a cam linkage assembly.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an angle-measuring instrument such as a theodolite, tacheometer or the like having a coarse-fine drive arrangement for presetting a circle part of a graduated circle to a predetermined read-out value. In a preferred embodiment, a coaxial coarse-fine drive arrangement is actuated by a single control knob which is part of an adjustable drive which can be operated in two positions. In the first position, the adjustable drive functions as a coarse drive and includes a spur gear that meshes with a gear on the carrier of the graduated circle to permit adjusting the circle part to obtain a coarse setting thereof. When the control knob and adjustable drive are moved into the second position, the drive becomes completely disengaged from the carrier and functions as a fine drive that operates on a plane-parallel plate pivotally mounted in the read-out optical transmission path of the instrument to finely adjust the light rays passing therealong.