Abstract: High processing accuracy of a workpiece is maintained even if the workpiece is misaligned. A laser processing apparatus includes: a setting section that sets a pattern area and a distance measurement position on a captured image; a condition setting storage section that stores image information in the pattern area; a position correction section that detects a misalignment of a new workpiece different from a workpiece used to set the pattern area and corrects the distance measurement position on the new workpiece; a distance measurement section that measures a distance based on a light reception position of distance measuring light in a distance measuring light receiving section; and a Z scanner that adjusts a focal position based on a measurement result of the distance measurement section prior to irradiation of the workpiece with laser light.

Abstract: A system and method for operating a depth sensor. A configuration operation can be performed by storing a first sequence of operation steps which define a first depth sensing mode of operation, and a second sequence of operation steps which define a second depth sensing mode of operation, in the memory. In response to a first request for depth measurements according to the first depth sensing mode of operation, the depth sensor can be operated in the first mode of operation by causing it to execute the first sequence of operation steps. In response to a second request for depth measurements according to the second depth sensing mode of operation, and without performing an additional configuration operation, the depth sensor can be operated in the second mode of operation by causing it to execute the second sequence of operation steps.

Abstract: A computer includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing instructions executable by the processor to collect first sensor data from a time-of-flight sensor, collect second sensor data from one or more sensors, generate a virtual map of at least one of a light reflectivity or a depth from the time-of-flight sensor from the collected first sensor data and the collected second sensor data, determine a difference between the light reflectivity or the depth of each pixel of the first sensor data from the light reflectivity or the depth of each corresponding pixel of the virtual map, determine an occlusion of the time-of-flight sensor as a number of pixels having respective differences of the light reflectivity or the depth exceeding an occlusion threshold, and actuate a component to clean the time-of-flight sensor when the occlusion exceeds an occlusion threshold.

Abstract: A distance image generating device includes a light emitter that emits light pulses; a light receiver that includes light receiving elements and receives reflected light; a distance calculator that generates a distance image based on an amount of the reflected light; and a light amount adjuster that determines an emission count in accordance with which the light emitter is to emit the light pulses and an exposure count in accordance with which the light receiver is to receive the reflected light based on the distance image and causes the light emitter to emit the light pulses in accordance with the determined emission count and the light receiver to receive the reflected light in accordance with the determined exposure count. The distance calculator calculates the distance based on an amount of the reflected light received at the exposure count by the light receiver.

Abstract: A location tracking system using encoded light beams emitted from a stationary beacon and a receiver mounted onto an object within a three-dimensional (3D) space within the field of view of the stationary beacon. The receiver receives and processes the encoded light beams from two or more stationary beacons. The receiver is configured to decode information from the received light beams and to calculate the position of the object within the 3D space over a span of several meters, with resolution in the range of a few mm or cm. The receiver location is calculated as a single point at the intersection of three light beam or angular planes. A typical configuration of one-dimensional array beacon consists of a plurality of light sources mounted on a cylindrical curved surface of a particular radius.

Abstract: A triangulation scanner having an enclosure, a projector coupled to the enclosure and configured to emit a first light, and three cameras also coupled to the enclosure. The scanner further includes at least one processor to determine the three-dimensional coordinates in a local frame of reference based at least in part on receiving the first light.

Abstract: Provided is a measurement device or the like that expands a dynamic range easily and promptly as appropriate even when three-dimensional data or the like on some parts of a measurement target object is not acquirable, so that the data can be acquired. A measurement device includes a light source unit that sequentially emits a plurality of beams of distance measurement light to an identical target object, based on predetermined fixed output information, a light reception unit that receives reflected light, from the target object, based on which the measurement device acquires measurement information, and an output value reducing unit and/or an input value reducing unit, the output value reducing unit reducing an output value of the light source unit, the input value reducing unit reducing an input value of the reflected light to the light reception unit.

Abstract: Apparatus for isolating transmit and receive optical beams having a common wavelength to ensure genderless interoperability in an optical communication system comprises a transmit path that propagates a transmit optical beam at a particular base wavelength and a receive path that propagates a receive optical beam at the same particular base wavelength wherein at least a portion of the receive path is separate from the transmit path. The apparatus further comprises an annular mirror having a receive beam region and a center aperture and the transmit path includes a steering mirror and the receive path also includes the steering mirror. The steering mirror has a single surface that reflects an entirety of the transmit optical beam transmitted along the transmit path and the single surface of the steering mirror reflects an entirety of the receive optical beam received along the receive path. A method of isolating transmit and receive optical beams in an optical communication system is also disclosed.

Abstract: A received light signal of the measurement light which is reflected from the subject and is then incident on a distance image sensor is acquired from the distance image sensor and a distance image is generated on the basis of the acquired received light signal. The position of a leading end of a medical instrument inserted into the subject is acquired. A leading end position image indicating the position of the leading end of the medical instrument in the subject is acquired. A projection image which is projected to the subject and corresponds to a surface shape of a corresponding part of the subject corresponding to the position of the leading end is generated from the leading end position image, on the basis of the shape of the subject detected from the distance image and the position of the leading end. The projection image is projected to the corresponding part.

Abstract: An eyeglass frame shape measurement device measures a shape of an eyeglass frame. The eyeglass frame shape measurement device includes a light projecting optical system that has a light source and emits a measurement light flux from the light source toward a groove of a rim of an eyeglass frame, a light receiving optical system that has a detector and causes the detector to receive a reflected light flux of the measurement light flux emitted toward the groove and reflected by the groove, an acquiring means section that acquires a cross-sectional shape of the groove based on the reflected light flux received by the detector, a change section that change a light receiving position of the reflected light flux, and a control section that control the change section to change the light receiving position of the reflected light flux so that the detector receives the reflected light flux.

Abstract: A home improvement installation configuration system causes a device to output a user interface having a sector with a graphic representation of the installation and a sector with user-selectable input fields for dimensions of the installation. The system accesses a data store of design models and facets. When the user interface receives an installation design type and a number of facets of the installation, the system will extract a design model from the data store so that the extracted model corresponds to the design type and the number of facets. The user interface will output the graphic representation, receive dimension values, and augment the graphic representation with indicia of the dimension values. It will also identify facet(s) that are operable with the extracted model and that have measurements which correspond to the received dimensions. The system will cause the user interface to display each identified facet for selection.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) scanner having two cameras and a projector is detachably coupled to a device selected from the group consisting of: an articulated arm coordinate measuring machine, a camera assembly, a six degree-of-freedom (six-DOF) tracker target assembly, and a six-DOF light point target assembly.

Abstract: A device and method for characterizing objects to be identified by acquiring sensor data, which includes a first source of sensor information and a second source of sensor information. The method includes determining at least one object to be identified based on the sensor data. The method and the device also include selecting the sensor information from the first source which is assigned to the object to be identified. The method also includes characterizing the object to be identified by information based on the selected sensor information from the first source.

Abstract: An error of a measured distance is reduced. An optical measurement device (100) includes: a light source (10), which emits lights; a sensor head (30), which condenses reflected lights reflected by a target (TA); a light reception portion (40), which is configured in a manner that each of a plurality of pixels is capable of detecting a light reception amount, and which obtains a light reception amount distribution signal of each pixel for the condensed reflected lights; a measurement portion (51), which measures a distance from the optical measurement device (100) to the target (TA) based on the light reception amount distribution signal; and a correction portion (52), which corrects the measured distance that is measured based on a predefined characteristic value in a waveform of the light reception amount distribution signal.

Abstract: A light-deflection three-dimensional imaging device and a projection device, and the application thereof are provided. The light-deflection three-dimensional imaging device includes a projection device, a receiving device and a processor. The projection device includes a light source, a grating, a condensing lens group, a light deflection element and an emission lens, wherein after the modulation by the grating, the aggregation by the condensing lens group and the deflection by the light deflection element, the projection light transmitted by the light source penetrates the emission lens and is emitted from a side surface of the projection device.

Abstract: A home improvement installation configuration system causes a device to output a user interface having a sector with a graphic representation of the installation and a sector with user-selectable input fields for dimensions of the installation. The system accesses a data store of design models and facets. When the user interface receives an installation design type and a number of facets of the installation, the system will extract a design model from the data store so that the extracted model corresponds to the design type and the number of facets. The user interface will output the graphic representation, receive dimension values, and augment the graphic representation with indicia of the dimension values. It will also identify facet(s) that are operable with the extracted model and that have measurements which correspond to the received dimensions. The system will cause the user interface to display each identified facet for selection.

Abstract: Provided are mechanisms and processes for augmenting multi-view image data with synthetic objects using inertial measurement unit (IMU) and image data. In one example, a process includes receiving a selection of an anchor location in a reference image for a synthetic object to be placed within a multi-view image. Movements between the reference image and a target image are computed using visual tracking information associated with the multi-view image, device orientation corresponding to the multi-view image, and an estimate of the camera's intrinsic parameters. A first synthetic image is then generated by placing the synthetic object at the anchor location using visual tracking information in the multi-view image, orienting the synthetic object using the inverse of the movements computed between the reference image and the target image, and projecting the synthetic object along a ray into a target view associated with the target image.

Abstract: A cuboidal container measurement system for cuboidal box dimension measurement, the (CCM) system a transmitter (Tx) unit and a receiver (Rx) unit. The (Tx) unit includes a barcode, a Tx infrared communication system, and an Rx infrared communication system. The system further includes a wireless system, a Tx proximity sensor, a first laser rangefinder system that emits a laser to the Rx unit when the Tx unit is placed on a second edge of the cuboidal box, wherein the first laser rangefinder system measures a distance between the Tx unit and the Rx unit, a second laser rangefinder system that receives the laser from the Tx unit and emits a laser pointing down to the surface supporting the cuboidal box, and an Rx infrared communication system that wirelessly communicates a set of cuboidal box dimensional measurements made by the second laser rangefinder system to the Tx unit.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) scanner having two cameras and a projector is detachably coupled to a device selected from the group consisting of: an articulated arm coordinate measuring machine, a camera assembly, a six degree-of-freedom (six-DOF) tracker target assembly, and a six-DOF light point target assembly.

Abstract: A method and a device for the optical viewing of objects, the method comprising the stages of illuminating an object with ultraviolet radiation, and acquiring an image of the object thereby illuminated using a lens comprising at least a forward optical group and an aperture diaphragm exhibiting a transparent window located at a focal point of the forward optical group defined for the ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: A system includes one or more memory devices operable to store surface profile data and a processor operable to execute logic. The processor accesses the surface profile data for a first surface of a first component and a second surface of a second component, and determines, based at least in part on the surface profile data for the first and second surfaces, a best-fit between the first and second surfaces. The processor determines a first distance from a first edge-of-part point on the first surface to the best-fit, and a second distance from a second edge-of-part point on the second surface to the best-fit. The processor determines a flushness between the first surface and the second surface based at least in part on the first and second distances.

Abstract: A method for aligning a scan laser beam on a wafer include scanning a scan laser beam across a laser beam sensor along a scan line, picking up a scan laser beam, at a first position, using a first optical slit of the laser beam sensor to generate a first electrical pulse, picking up the scan laser beam, at a second position, using a second optical slit of the laser beam sensor to generate a second electrical pulse, picking up the scan laser beam, at a third position, using a third optical slit of the laser beam sensor to generate a third electrical pulse, and determining a spot size and a position of the laser beam based on the first to third electrical pulses.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a user interface apparatus for vehicles including light sources, a touch sensor to sense touch, light guides to transfer light generated by the light sources, and a top cover to cover the light sources, the touch sensor and the light guides and to transmit light emitted from the light guides to the interior of a vehicle. The light sources includes a first light source and at least one second light sources, the light guides includes first and second light guides to receive light generated by the first light source and to transfer the light to first and second regions and at least one third light guide configured to receive light generated by the at least one second light source and to transfer the light to a third region, and light generated by the first light source is dispersed and provided to the first and second light guides.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining density or density gradient of molten foamed glass in a glass melter, an apparatus downstream of a glass melter, or both. A molten foamed glass is generated having molten glass and bubbles entrained therein and/or a layer of glass foam on a top surface thereof in a melter. At least a portion of the molten foamed glass is transferred into an apparatus positioned downstream of the melter, and the density or density gradient of the molten foamed glass in the melter or downstream apparatus is determined as a function of distance from a structural feature of the melter or downstream apparatus, or both, using one or more electromagnetic (EM) wave-based sensors.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) scanner having two cameras and a projector is detachably coupled to a device selected from the group consisting of: an articulated arm coordinate measuring machine, a camera assembly, a six degree-of-freedom (six-DOF) tracker target assembly, and a six-DOF light point target assembly.

Abstract: There are provided an optical displacement measurement system, an imaging condition optimization method, and an imaging condition optimization program which facilitate setting of an optimal imaging condition. States of a plurality of imaging parameters for setting an imaging condition are set by an imaging setting unit. When the set state of any of the plurality of imaging parameters is changed, a plurality of pieces captured image data according to respective imaging conditions are generated by a light receiving unit. Profile data indicating a profile shape is generated by a profile generation unit based on each piece of generated captured image data. Based on each piece of generated profile data or captured image data corresponding to the profile data, a degree of reliability of a profile shape indicated by the profile data is calculated by a reliability calculation unit.

Abstract: An arrangement is disclosed for increasing dynamics in color-coded triangulation by using an adapted narrow band color filter. Spectral passage ranges of the color filter overlap with sensitive spectral ranges of a camera sensor. However, the spectral passage ranges are, in contrast to the sensitive spectral ranges of the camera sensor, spectrally disjunct, and the transmitted colors can therefore be clearly identified.

Abstract: A video game device and method are provided. The device is a cordless touch-free video game device that is plug and play. The device includes an array of light transmitters for transmitting a light signal to an object. The object can be retroreflectors that are attached to a user's feet or hands. Upon striking the objects, the transmitted signal is reflected, producing a reflected light signal. A light receiver including a detection array receives the reflected signal from the objects and the reflected signal is transformed into a second signal used to send and track motion of the objects. The motion is used by a game device that determines an activity of the user by sensing the type of user movement performed. The device is ideally suited for controlling cursor position for use with video dance games.

Abstract: A method of obtaining information indicative of the topography of a surface of a flexible substrate, the method including directing a beam of radiation at the surface of the flexible substrate; and detecting changes in intensity distribution, or angle of reflection, of the beam of radiation after the beam of radiation has been reflected from the surface of the substrate to obtain information indicative of the topography of the surface of the flexible substrate.

Abstract: A system is disclosed. The system includes a processing subsystem that determines preliminary voltages corresponding to a plurality of blades based upon blade passing signals (BPS), and generates a plurality of clearance values by normalizing the preliminary voltages for effects of one or more operational parameters, wherein the plurality of clearance values are representative of clearance of the plurality of blades.

Abstract: Improving automated package delivery to mobile delivery receptacles to allow accurate and reliable package deliveries comprises a delivery receptacle for an automated package delivery via an unmanned aerial delivery device. The delivery receptacle is notified of a pending delivery and travels to a receiving location. The delivery receptacle emits infrared (“IR”) beacons from one or more IR beacon transmitters. An aerial delivery device detects the IR beacon and uses the beacons to navigate to the delivery receptacle. The delivery receptacle receives IR beacon responses from the aerial delivery device and continually or periodically directs the IR beacons in the direction of the aerial delivery device. The aerial delivery device deposits the package in the delivery receptacle. After receiving the package, the delivery receptacle transports the package to a secure location, such as into a garage.

Abstract: Apparatus for monitoring a thickness of a silicon wafer with a highly-doped layer at least at a backside of the silicon wafer is provided. The apparatus has a source configured to emit coherent light of multiple wavelengths. Moreover, the apparatus comprises a measuring head configured to be contactlessly positioned adjacent the silicon wafer and configured to illuminate at least a portion of the silicon wafer with the coherent light and to receive at least a portion of radiation reflected by the silicon wafer. Additionally, the apparatus comprises a spectrometer, a beam splitter and an evaluation device. The evaluation device is configured to determine a thickness of the silicon wafer by analyzing the radiation reflected by the silicon wafer by an optical coherence tomography process. The coherent light is emitted multiple wavelengths in a bandwidth b around a central wavelength wc.

Abstract: Methods and systems for image acquisition are described. In an example, a computing device may be configured to cause incremental relative rotation of a projector with respect to an image-capture device through multiple discrete angles. At each angle of the multiple discrete angles, the computing device may be configured to cause the image-capture device to capture a first image of an object, cause the projector to project a pattern on the object, and cause the image-capture device, while the pattern is projected on the object, to capture a second image of the object.

Abstract: The invention concerns a light beam position detector with a detection window, for detecting a position of a striking light beam within the detection window, which detection window comprises a first PSD based on the lateral photoelectric effect, in particular with two output signals dependent on the striking position of the light beam, and an electronic readout circuitry for the PSD. The detection window further comprises at least a second PSD based on the lateral photoelectric effect, being aligned in a geometrical line in succession with the first PSD, so that the first and the at least second PSD define the detection window.

Abstract: A lens frame, made from metal, retaining a light-emitting lens and a light-receiving lens is retained between a second mold and a third mold both of which are made from light-shielding resins. Anchors are formed by filling light-shielding resin for forming the third mold into fixing slots formed in an upper surface of the second mold and through holes formed in the lens frame. Since the lens frame is made from metal, thermal expansion of the lens frame is hardly caused by ambient temperature changes and self-heating. This causes little difference in the amount of change in difference between the lenses. Further, the lens frame is fixed with anchors between the second mold and the third mold. This suppresses the occurrence of sliding caused by difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the lens frame and the second and third molds.

Abstract: Systems and methods for inspection of a specimen are provided. One system includes an illumination subsystem configured to illuminate the specimen by scanning a spot across the specimen. The system also includes a non-imaging detection subsystem configured to generate output signals responsive to light specularly reflected from the spot scanned across the specimen. In addition, the system includes a processor configured to generate images of the specimen using the output signals and to detect defects on the specimen using the images. In one embodiment, the non-imaging detection subsystem includes an objective and a detector. An NA of the objective does not match a pixel size of the detector. In another embodiment, the non-imaging detection subsystem includes an objective having an NA of greater than about 0.05. The system may be configured for multi-spot illumination and multi-channel detection. Alternatively, the system may be configured for single spot illumination and multi-channel detection.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a distance between charged particle beamlets in a multi-beamlet exposure apparatus. The apparatus is provided with a sensor comprising a converter element for converting charged particle energy into light and a light sensitive detector provided with a two-dimensional pattern of beamlet blocking and non-blocking regions. The method comprises scanning a first beamlet over the pattern, receiving light generated by the converter element, and converting the received light into a first signal. Then the two-dimensional pattern and the first beamlet are moved relatively with respect to each other over a predetermined distance. Subsequently, the method comprises scanning a second beamlet over the pattern, receiving light generated by the converter element, and converting the received light into a second signal. Finally, the distance between the first beamlet and second beamlet is determined based on the first signal, the second signal and the predetermined distance.

Abstract: A method for performing an action at a device is disclosed. A first signal is sent into a first zone from a first light source, wherein the first signal identifies the first zone. The first signal is received at the device when the device is in the zone. The device determines from the received first signal that the device is in the first zone and performs the action at the device based on the device being in the first zone. A second variable light source may send a second signal into a second zone, wherein the second signal identifies the second zone. Triangulation may be performed to determine a location of the device using the first signal and the second signal. Alternately, a parameter of motion of the device may be determined using the received messages.

Abstract: A system and method of for performing an action at a device is disclosed. A first signal is sent into a first zone from a first light source, wherein the first signal identifies the first zone. The first signal is received at the device when the device is in the zone. The device determines from the received first signal that the device is in the first zone and performs the action at the device based on the device being in the first zone. A second variable light source may send a second signal into a second zone, wherein the second signal identifies the second zone. Triangulation may be performed to determine a location of the device using the first signal and the second signal. Alternately, a parameter of motion of the device may be determined using the received messages.

Abstract: The invention provides a positioning device for locating a planar light beam emitted by an optical triangulation sensor across a diameter of a hole formed in a surface of an object. The positioning device has an adjustable guiding element which is capable of locating an optical triangulation sensor at the same distance away from holes have a range of diameters. The guiding element is movably mounted relative to a platform that is fixed to the optical triangulation sensor. The guiding element comprises a body which is insertable into the hole, the body having a pair of contact surfaces for contacting diametrically opposed portions of the hole, the pair of contact surfaces being opposed to each other in a direction orthogonal to the plane of the planar light beam.

Abstract: An optoelectronic sensor for recognizing object edges of objects moved relative to the sensor, has a light transmission device with at least one light transmitter, in particular at least two light transmitters, for generating a respective collimated or focused transmitted light beam. The sensor has at least two light receivers for imaging a light spot produced by the respective transmitted light beam on an object, wherein the two light receivers are arranged on two mutually opposite sides of the light transmission device, and has an evaluation unit which is designed to compare the two reception intensities of the two images of the respective light spot taken by the two light receivers with one another and to evaluate the result of the respective comparison to recognize an object edge.

Abstract: A method of measuring spherically mounted retroreflector (SMR) with a 3D coordinate measurement device such as a laser tracker. The SMR includes an open-air cube corner retroreflector having a vertex point located near a sphere center of the SMR. Measurements of the SMR to the vertex point are moved to the SMR sphere center by accounting for SMR depth error and SMR runout error.

Abstract: A method for optically monitoring an object within a monitoring area includes transmitting light rays with a light transmitting unit that form a line of light on the object. The line of light reflected from the object is imaged on an array of receiving elements that detects the reflected line of light and produces receiving element signals that correspond to measuring points on the object. The receiving element signals are evaluated to structure a distance profile of the object using a triangulation principle. The evaluating includes generating at least one evaluation window which covers in a first direction a local region extending along the line of light and in a second direction a distance range, and using the measuring points located farthest outside within the evaluation window for a left limit point and a right limit point for determining object data.

Abstract: A method of focus measurement of the embodiment irradiates exposure light from a first direction and projects first and second line-and-space patterns on a substrate. Further, exposure light is irradiated from a second direction and third and fourth line-and-space patterns are projected on the substrate. By measuring a distance between the first and third line-and-space patterns on the substrate, a sum of a dislocated amount caused by dislocation of focus and an overlap dislocation amount between the first and third line-and-space patterns is calculated as a first dislocated amount. Further, by measuring a distance between the second and fourth line-and-space patterns on the substrate, an overlap dislocation amount between the second and fourth line-and-space patterns is calculated as a second dislocation amount. Further, based on the first and second dislocation amounts, the focus dislocation amount is calculated.

Abstract: A method for calibrating an optical arrangement in respect to a global coordinate system is provided. The optical arrangement includes a rigid carrier, an optical acquiring unit and a light emitting unit both releasably connected to the carrier. The optical acquiring unit or the light emitting unit is calibrated in respect to a reference coordinate system offline and independently from the optical arrangement. Values of a conversion matrix are determined for converting the calibration data into corresponding calibration data in respect to the global coordinate system. A calibration of the entire optical arrangement is performed once in respect to the global coordinate system. During the intended use of the optical arrangement, the calibration data acquired for the unit and/or the respective values of the conversion matrix are considered when generating control signals for the unit and/or when processing sensor signals received from the unit.

Abstract: A proximity sensor including a housing, a plurality of light pulse emitters for projecting light out of the housing along a detection plane, a plurality of primary light detectors for detecting reflections of the light projected by the emitters, by a reflective object in the detection plane, a plurality of primary lenses oriented relative to the emitters and primary detectors in such a manner that for each emitter-detector pair, light emitted by the emitter of that pair passes through one of the primary lenses and is reflected by the object back through one of the primary lenses to the detector of that pair when the object is located at a position, from among a primary set of positions in the detection plane, that position being associated with that emitter-detector pair, and a processor for co-activating emitter-detector pairs, and configured to calculate a location of the object in the detection plane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a set of optical imaging functions that describe the imaging of a measuring volume onto each of a plurality of detector surfaces on which the measuring volume can be imaged at in each case a different observation angle by means of detection optics. In addition to the assignment of in each case one image position (x, y) to each volume position (X, Y, Z), the method according to the invention envisages that the shape of the image of a punctiform particle in the measuring volume be described by shape parameter values (a, b, 100 , I) and that the corresponding set of shape parameter values be assigned to each volume position (X, Y. Z) for each detector surface.

Abstract: A medical Wide-Field-Of-View optical-tracking-system for determining the position and orientation of a target-object in a reference coordinate system. The system includes at least three light-emitters, at least one optical-detector and a processor. The processor is coupled with each optical-detector. One optical-detector is a Wide-Field-Of-View optical detector, which acquires an image of the light-emitters within the field-of-view thereof. Each Wide-Field-Of-View optical-detector includes an optical-sensor and two optical-receptors. The processor determines the position and orientation of the target-object in the reference coordinate system according to representations of the light-emitters. Each light-emitter is within the field-of-view of an optical-detector. Each optical-detector and each light-emitter is attached to one of the target-object and a reference-location.

Abstract: A motion sensing method for an object includes: receiving a distance detection result which is used for indicating distance detection information of the object in a neighborhood of a motion sensing apparatus; and determining whether to perform optical motion sensing upon the object of the neighborhood according to the distance detection result.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to measure at least one physical characteristic of a threaded surface (e.g., an internally threaded surface) of an object is provided. The apparatus uses optical triangulation to perform non-contact characterization of the threaded surface. The apparatus can be used to characterize various aspects of the threaded surface, including generating the measurements required to produce a longitudinal cross-sectional profile of the threaded surface.