Abstract: A diffuse reflectance apparatus includes a housing having a window formed therein, and a diffuse reflectance mirror spaced from the window and having an aperture extending therethrough. A light source provides a beam of light. A first mirror assembly is positioned to reflect the beam of light through the aperture such that it passes through the window. A second mirror assembly is positioned to reflect scattered light from the concave mirror to a detector.

Abstract: A light microscope having a specimen plane, in which a specimen to be examined is positioned, having a light source to emit illuminating light, having optical imaging means to convey the illuminating light into the specimen plane, having a first scanning means, with which an optical path of the illuminating light and the specimen can be moved relative to each other to produce an illumination scanning movement of the illuminating light relative to the specimen, having a detector means to detect specimen light coming from the specimen and having electronic means to produce an image of the specimen based on the specimen light detected by the detector means at different specimen regions. A second scanning means is present, with which it can be adjusted which specimen region can be imaged on a determined detector element.

Abstract: An image reading device has a light source section that includes light sources of a plurality of colors and that emits light in one color during a period for reading one line and switches the color of the light source lit cyclically from one line to the next, an image sensor that reads one color per line, a data generation section that generates image data of the light source color which is the color of the light source lit during reading, a memory that stores a plurality of lines' worth of the image data, and a remaining color component generation section that determines the pixel value of a color component other than the light source color based on the pixel values of pixels around a pixel of interest.

Abstract: An image scanner includes: a light source that irradiates, with light, a recording medium on which an image is formed; a light receiving portion that receives light reflected by the recording medium; a reflecting portion that has plural reflecting surfaces respectively disposed at positions having different distances in an optical axis direction from the light receiving portion; and a processing portion that generates information on the image formed on the recording medium and information for measuring illumination depth of the light source, by use of the light received by the light receiving portion.

Abstract: An LED module includes first through third LED chips and two Zener diodes for preventing excessive voltage application to the first and the second LED chips. A first lead includes a mount portion on which the first through third LED chips and the two Zener diodes are mounted. A resin package covers part of the first lead and includes an opening for exposing the three LED chips and two Zener diodes. A single insulating layer bonds the first and second LED chips to the first lead. A single conductive layer bonds the third LED chip and two Zener diodes to the first lead. The Zener diodes are arranged between the first, second LED chips and the third LED chip.

Abstract: A rectangular plate optical reflecting mirror is provided in an optical scanner. The optical reflecting mirror reflects an optical beam onto a surface to be scanned. The optical reflecting mirror includes a center portion and end portions in a longitudinal direction. The center portion has a greater thickness than that of the end portions. Accordingly, rigidity of the optical reflecting mirror can be increased, and its characteristic frequency can be set at a high value. Thus, resonance of the optical reflecting mirror can be prevented from occurring as a result of vibration of a housing which vibrates with a plurality of vibration modes.

Abstract: An image pick-up apparatus includes: a color imager having a color filter formed on a light receiving surface thereof; a monochrome imager not having a color filter formed on a light receiving surface thereof; a light guiding unit for guiding, to the color imager and/or the monochrome imager, light originating from a subject; and an image formation unit for forming an image from a signal based on an output from the color imager and/or the monochrome imager.

Abstract: An optical scanning apparatus, including: light sources; a deflector configured to deflect beams emitted from the light sources; and imaging optical systems configured to focus the beams deflected by a deflecting surface of the deflector on surfaces to be scanned, respectively, wherein: the beams entering the deflecting surface are P-polarized beam; the optical scanning apparatus further includes at least one reflection optical element reflecting a beam in a sub-scanning cross section on each of optical paths from the deflecting surface to the surfaces to be scanned; the optical paths include first and second optical paths having different numbers of the reflection optical elements from each other; and the optical scanning apparatus further includes an adjustor configured to adjust an output of a light source corresponding to at least one of the first and the second optical paths from among the light sources so that predetermined conditions are satisfied.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which can perform a multiple exposure with a plurality of laser lights driven by the PWM signal without deteriorating the image quality of a line image and a character image. Scanning start points are controlled to be different between a first light beam and a second light beam, among a plurality of light beams emit from a light source, exposing the identical pixel position.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for chromatic distortion reduction. Relative chromatic distortion information for an imaging system may be obtained, where the relative chromatic distortion information indicates relative displacement of a first color signal and a second color signal from a reference color signal in an image. The relative chromatic distortion information may be used to modify image data.

Abstract: The appearance of a color print viewed under UV illumination is predicted using a target comprising color patches each printed using a known coverage of printer colorant(s). In one case, the target is illuminated using a UV light source and an electronic image of the target is captured using a digital camera or the like. In another case, a spectrophotometer is used both with and without a UV cutoff filter to measure the target. The captured image data or the spectrophotometric measurements are used to derive a UV printer characterization model that relates any arbitrary combination of printer colorants to a predicted UV color appearance value. Metameric colorant mixture pairs for visible light and UV light viewing can be determined using the UV model together with a conventional visible light printer characterization model. A visual matching task is used to determine a correction factor for the UV printer characterization model.

Abstract: A laser driving device that drives a semiconductor laser based on a light-emitting signal includes an expansion circuit that expands a pulse width of the light-emitting signal based on a known difference between the pulse width of the light-emitting signal and a lighting pulse width of the semiconductor laser when the semiconductor laser emits light according to the light-emitting signal, and a driver that outputs a driving signal to the semiconductor laser according to an output signal of the expansion circuit.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a light source; a bar-shaped light-guiding element having a first light-emitting section, which propagates light from the light source and irradiates an document from an oblique direction, and a second light-emitting section emitting light in a carrying direction of the document; a lens converging the light reflected from the document; a sensor receiving the light passed through the lens; a reflector disposed on the opposite side of the light-guiding element, by reflecting the light from the second light-emitting section such that an optical path of the light emitted from the second light-emitting section is located between the lens and the document, and irradiating the document from an oblique direction; and first and second light-scattering layers formed in areas opposed to the first and the second light-emitting sections, respectively, in the light-guiding element.

Abstract: An object is to provide an imaging optical system having a very simple structure that can read image while maintaining excellent image quality without suffering from significant asymmetrical aberrations. An imaging optical system for image reading is adapted to form an image of image information on a surface of an original onto a line sensor while changing a relative position of the original surface and the line sensor to allow the line sensor to read the image information. The imaging optical system includes two off-axial reflecting surfaces, and the two off-axial surfaces are a plus deflecting surface and a minus deflecting surface, or a minus deflecting surface and a plus deflecting surface disposed in the mentioned order from the original surface side, where an off-axial reflecting surface that deflects a reference axis beam clockwise is defined as a minus deflecting surfaces and an off axial reflecting surface that deflects the reference axis beam anticlockwise is defined as a plus deflecting surface.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first toner image forming section that forms a visible toner image, a second toner image forming section that forms an invisible toner image, in which a resolution of the invisible toner image is lower than a resolution of the visible toner image, and a transfer section that transfers to a medium the visible toner image and the invisible toner image.

Abstract: A surface-emitting laser array includes a plurality of light emitting parts arranged in a two-dimensional formation having two orthogonal directions. When the plurality of light emitting parts are orthogonally projected on a virtual line parallel to one of the two orthogonal directions, a spacing between two of the plurality of light emitting parts along the virtual line is equal to an integral multiple of a predetermined value. The plurality of light emitting parts include a first light emitting part, a second light emitting part adjacent to the first light emitting part, and a third light emitting part adjacent to the second light emitting part, and a spacing between the first and second light emitting parts differs from a spacing between the second and third light emitting parts.

Abstract: A laser scanning optical system converts a plurality of beams emitted from the laser diode (LD) into parallel light using a collimator lens, shapes the parallel light using an aperture, and executes exposure of a plurality of lines simultaneously on a photoreceptor drum. To cause a necessary emitting point interval d determined uniquely from the magnification of the optical system to coincide with an emitting point interval of the LD used, the LD is rotated by an angle ? against the main optical axis plane thereof. In this case, a converting device that converts the aspect ratio of a profile of the light beam emitted from the LD is provided. A conversion characteristic of the converting device is adjusted such that the characteristic is matched with a condition within a predetermined region following a characteristic of the optical system.

Abstract: An object is to provide an imaging optical system having a very simple structure that can read image while maintaining excellent image quality without suffering from significant asymmetrical aberrations. An imaging optical system for image reading is adapted to form an image of image information on a surface of an original onto a line sensor while changing a relative position of the original surface and the line sensor to allow the line sensor to read the image information. The imaging optical system includes two off-axial reflecting surfaces, and the two off-axial surfaces are a plus deflecting surface and a minus deflecting surface, or a minus deflecting surface and a plus deflecting surface disposed in the mentioned order from the original surface side, where an off-axial reflecting surface that deflects a reference axis beam clockwise is defined as a minus deflecting surfaces and an off-axial reflecting surface that deflects the reference axis beam anticlockwise is defined as a plus deflecting surface.

Abstract: An apparatus for compensating for pixel distortion while reproducing hologram data includes an extraction unit, a determination and calculation unit, a table, and a compensation unit. The extraction unit extracts a reproduced data image from a reproduced image frame including the reproduced data image and borders. The determination and calculation unit determines position values of edges of the extracted reproduced data image, and calculates average magnification error values of pixels within line data from position values of start and end point pixels thereof, which are based on the determined position values of the edges. The table stores misalignment compensation values for the pixels within the line data, wherein the misalignment compensation values correspond to predetermined references for average magnification error values.

Abstract: A scan-type image display device which displays an image by scan of laser beam emitted from a light source in one direction and another direction of a light receiving surface includes: a first scan unit which performs scan of the laser beam in the one direction by deflecting the laser beam; a second scan unit which performs scan of the laser beam in the another direction by deflecting the laser beam; and a scan control unit which equalizes the scan width of the laser beam scan in the one direction by using the first scan unit performed at each position in the another direction within the light receiving surface.

Abstract: A read module includes: a light source that applies light to an original to read an image; a photoelectric conversion section that converts reflected light from the original into an image signal of the image; and a connector to be electrically connected to a controller connector in a controller. The connector has a plurality of terminals placed side by side in a predetermined direction. The plurality of terminals includes an image signal output terminal section that outputs the image signal to the controller and a power terminal section that inputs electric power for lighting the light source supplied from the controller to the read module. The power terminal section is placed in the proximity of one end of the plurality of terminals in the predetermined direction thereof. The image signal output terminal section is placed in the proximity of an opposite end in the predetermined direction thereof.

Abstract: An adaptive recording method and apparatus for optimizing power of a laser diode is provided. In a method for optimizing read power, peak power and bias power for overwrite pulses and supplying the same to the laser diode, the adaptive recording method includes the steps of discriminating the mark size of input NRZI (Non Return to Zero Inversion) data, and varying power of the overwrite pulses in accordance with the discriminated mark size.

Abstract: An image signal with an overshoot is generated on a positive-going edge of an input image signal with an overshoot producing unit. Then, a light signal with an overshoot is outputted from a recording light source in response to the image signal with the overshoot supplied from the overshoot producing unit. The light signal outputted from the recording light source is applied to scan a photosensitive medium to record an area gradation image on the photosensitive medium.

Abstract: A synchronizing circuit and a timing adjusting circuit set a position of an exposure area by beam scanning as an additional value of a first setting value set in dot unit corresponding to the scanning of a pixel clock period and a second setting value set in tap unit corresponding to the scanning of a period smaller than the pixel clock period. A CPU controls the synchronizing circuit and the timing adjusting circuit so that the exposed position becomes an objective position. The CPU changes the second setting value to a first predetermined value by increasing the first setting value by one dot, in the case that the additional value is increased to reach a first threshold.

Abstract: In an image sensor array, as would be used in an input scanner such as in a digital copier, an original image is moved relative to a linear array of photosites. Each photosite includes at least two wide photosensors, each of which extends substantially across the photosite along the array direction, and at least two narrow photosensors, which are arranged next to each other along the array direction. In one embodiment, the wide photosensors include primary-color filters and the narrow photosensors are clear-filtered.

Abstract: A multi-beam color scanning device is provided with a multi-beam light source unit, a first polygonal mirror that deflects the plurality of light beams emitted by the multi-beam light source unit to scan in a horizontal scanning direction. The scanning beams pass through an f&thgr; optical system and are incident on a second polygonal mirror that deflects the light beams in a vertical scanning direction. The second polygonal mirror deflects the light beams by one line in the horizontal scanning direction at every horizontal scanning thereof. The light beams scan within a predetermined scanning area defined by deflection of the first and second polygonal mirrors. There is provided a light receiving unit that receives the plurality of light beams reflected by an object located within the predetermined scanning area. An operation system obtains a three-dimensional shape and color of the object based on the output of the light receiving unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a color image reading device that successively switches three color light sources to irradiate the color original copy and successively reads information on the original using a monochrome image sensor, and which is featured by simple construction and less reading time period. A plurality of image sensor ICs are linearly mounted. A start pulse output terminal of an anterior stage image sensor IC is connected to a start pulse input terminal of a posterior stage image sensor IC, thereby forming an image sensor block. A plurality of those image sensor blocks are provided such that start pulse input terminals of initial stage image sensor ICs in all blocks are connected together. By inputting start pulses to the terminals connected together, image signal outputs are read out simultaneously.

Abstract: A method of correcting illumination variation in a scanned image of a non-planar original object, such as an open book, includes scanning at least a portion of the book in order to produce scanned image data. Illumination variation data is extracted from the scanned image data and used to derive a plurality of illumination compensation values. The scanned image data is then compensated or scaled in accordance with the illumination compensation values. Illumination data is acquired through a sampling window having a long and thin geometry. From the data acquired via the sampling window, foreground and background illumination distributions are defined. From the foreground and background illuminations, high and low threshold values are determined in order to calculate a set of reference or compensation values. A tone reproduction curve is generated in order to map the scanned data, thus normalizing the illumination variation. Alternately, an illumination gain factor is employed in the compensation.

Abstract: The image reading device has a light source, a collimator lens, a cylindrical lens and a line sensor. The light source is provided with light-emitting diodes radiating green, red and blue light beams, respectively. The light-emitting diodes are arranged on a straight line, which is perpendicular to the optical axis of the collimator lens and which intersects a focal point of the collimator lens. Each of the green, red and blue light beams is changed to a parallel beam by the collimator lens, and is then changed to a strip-shaped light beam by the cylindrical lens. The parallel beam passes through a film, and is radiated onto a line sensor. Out-of-register of the red, green and blue components generated on the line sensor are corrected by a calculation applied to pixel signals obtained by the line sensor.

Abstract: A display for soft proofing an image to be reproduced using a set of selected printing colors includes a plurality of display elements each for displaying a color substantially spectrally matched to one of a set of printing colors.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a light source; a bar-shaped light-guiding element having a first light-emitting section, which propagates light from the light source and irradiates an document from an oblique direction, and a second light-emitting section emitting light in a carrying direction of the document; a lens converging the light reflected from the document; a sensor receiving the light passed through the lens; a reflector disposed on the opposite side of the light-guiding element, by reflecting the light from the second light-emitting section such that an optical path of the light emitted from the second light-emitting section is located between the lens and the document, and irradiating the document from an oblique direction; and first and second light-scattering layers formed in areas opposed to the first and the second light-emitting sections, respectively, in the light-guiding element.