Abstract: Optical scanner and electrophotographic image forming apparatus are provided. The optical scanner includes a light source, configured to emit a light beam; an optical deflector, configured to deflect the light beam emitted from the light source; a first optical unit, arranged there-between and including a refraction unit and a diffraction unit; and a second optical unit, arranged in a light exit direction of the optical deflector and configured to make the light beam deflected by the optical deflector form an image on a scanning target surface. A range of a ratio of a refractive power ?r to a diffractive power ?d of the first optical unit in a main scanning direction is 0.3<?r/?d<0.5; and a range of a ratio of a refractive power ?s to a diffractive power ?n of the first optical unit in a sub scanning direction is 0.7<?s/?n<1.0.

Abstract: A lens indexing assembly is provided that includes a holding portion configured to support a rotating portion, wherein the holding portion has an outer surface configured for holding having a plurality of segments with recesses between segments and a bearing surface, a rotating portion configured for coupling with the holding portion, wherein the rotating portion is configured to rotate relative to the holding portion, and wherein the rotating portion has a bearing surface for rotating relative to the bearing surface of the holding portion, and wherein the rotating portion includes a plurality of tactile features on an outer surface, and an ophthalmic contact lens configured for coupling with the rotating portion, wherein the plurality of tactile features on the outer surface of the rotating portion are configured to provide tactile feedback corresponding to a plurality of angular positions of the ophthalmic contact lens relative to the holding portion.

Abstract: A contact lens assembly for non-sliding, non-sutured, hands-free ophthalmic procedures utilizes a magnetically actuated anchoring mechanism operatively coupled between the contact lens assembly and a modified eye speculum applied to eyelids during ophthalmic procedure. The anchoring mechanism is configured with magnetically cooperating anchoring members, one coupled to the contact lens assembly, and another secured to a wire loop member of the modified eye speculum. After the eye speculum is applied to the eyelids to displace and stabilize the eyelids and secure the anchoring member in place, and the contact lens assembly is placed on the cornea of the eye and centered, he magnetically cooperating anchoring members are brought in contact, and thus secure the contact lens assembly at the surgical site.

Abstract: A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes a first optical source to generate a first optical beam and a second optical source to generate a second optical beam. The first optical beam and the second optical beam are separated by a first spacing. The system further includes an optical system to receive the first optical beam and the second optical beam and reduce the first spacing between the first optical beam and the second optical beam to a second spacing and an output lens to transmit the first and second optical beams to scanner optics.

Abstract: A technique for manufacturing highly balanced rotatable polygon mirrors for use in scanners includes forming a block having a first wall, a second wall, and reflective surfaces extending between the first and second walls, the surfaces being angularly offset from one another along a periphery of the block. The technique includes applying a coarse balancing procedure to the block, making the surfaces reflective, mating the block to a motor, and applying a precise balancing procedure to the block. The technique also includes imparting rotation to the block and removing material from the block via the first wall using high-energy laser pulses.

Abstract: A LiDAR system and method are disclosed, comprising a housing, a light source, a receiver, and a light deflection system comprising a light deflection element, rotatable and balanced about an axis, the element having at least three sides, at least two of the three sides having reflective surfaces, wherein at least a first side of the three sides is at a first angle in relation to the axis, and at least a second side of the three sides is at a second angle in relation to the axis, with the first angle being different from the second angle, such that light is deflectable from the reflective surface of the first and second sides out of the housing, whereby upon actuation of the light source and rotation of the light deflection element, the LiDAR system forms at least a first scan path and a second scan path.

Abstract: A projection head is provided that has a fiber output coupling. A position of a point of intersection is able to be set between the light beams and thereby it is possible to position the point of intersection on the polygon facets. As a result, lower losses of light occur and edge discolourations during projection are reduced. The distance between the fibres can be chosen to be small (approximately 25-125 ?m). It now also becomes possible to incorporate more than two fibres, as a result of which a plurality of lines can be scanned simultaneously.

Abstract: An optical deflector including a rotary member supported by a bearing shaft and rotatively driven by a motor for deflecting a plurality of laser beams separated from each other in a rotational axis direction of the rotary member is disclosed. The optical deflector includes a polygon mirror having four sides arranged about the rotational axis direction. Each of the four sides is a continuous plane having a plurality of effective reflection areas separated from each other in the rotational axis direction.

Abstract: An optical deflector including a rotary member supported by a bearing shaft and rotatively driven by a motor for deflecting a plurality of laser beams separated from each other in a rotational axis direction of the rotary member is disclosed. The optical deflector includes a polygon mirror having four sides arranged about the rotational axis direction. Each of the four sides is a continuous plane having a plurality of effective reflection areas separated from each other in the rotational axis direction.

Abstract: An optical deflector including a rotary member supported by a bearing shaft and rotatively driven by a motor for deflecting a plurality of laser beams separated from each other in a rotational axis direction of the rotary member is disclosed. The optical deflector includes a polygon mirror having four sides arranged about the rotational axis direction. Each of the four sides is a continuous plane having a plurality of effective reflection areas separated from each other in the rotational axis direction.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a light source, a light-beam splitting unit, a deflector, and a scanning optical system. The light-beam splitting unit splits a light beam from the light source into a plurality of light beams, so that the light beams are each incident to any one of reflecting surfaces of the deflector while having a phase difference of approximately ?/2. The scanning optical system receives the light beams from the deflector and projects each of the light beams onto a corresponding target surface.

Abstract: In the optical deflector, the mean width of profile elements of a cross section of the deflection surface in the sub scan direction is set to be less than the spacing between spots of the light beams formed in the sub scan direction of the deflection surface. This makes it possible to prevent a variation in the size and shape of the spots of the light beams deflected by the deflection surface due to the undulation (unevenness) of the deflection surface. As a result, it is able to suppress a decrease of the granularity of images and form images with high quality.

Abstract: A scanning apparatus operable in the microwave, mm-wave, sub mm-wave (TeraHerz) and infrared ranges comprises a primary drum (10) mounted for rotation about a central axis A of the primary drum being hollow and of rectangular polygonal form to provide a number of sides or facets (12, 14) each adapted to transmit such radiation, from a field of view, which is plane polarised in a first direction at 45° with respect to the rotary axis of the drum and to reflect radiation which is plane polarised in an orthogonal direction. Thus, radiation passing into the drum though whichever said side of the drum is currently facing the field of view and passing towards the diametrically opposite side will be plane polarised with a polarisation direction such as to be reflected back by that diametrically opposite side towards the rotary axis of the drum.