Abstract: An optical arrangement spectrally broadens laser pulses for nonlinear pulse compression. The optical arrangement has: a broadening section that is configured to guide a laser pulse repeatedly through at least one nonlinear broadening element. The nonlinear broadening element has a dispersion property that is selected such that the dispersion property compensates any self-focusing of the laser pulse in the nonlinear broadening element.

Abstract: Optical lenses, systems, devices and methods for fabricating and manufacturing diffractive waveplate lenses that allow setting the focal length sign of an optical system by positioning the lens with its front or back surface with respect to an incoming circular polarized light beam. Applications for the lenses include optical systems comprising fibers, diode lasers, waveplates, polarizers, and variable lenses, particularly, in the form of a set of polymer films with re-attachable adhesive layers. And providing a flat mirror with concave or convex function due to diffractive waveplate lens coating.

Abstract: A testing method for a micro electro-mechanical system is described, comprising the steps of: i) feeding a system to be tested on a first tray; ii) collecting the system from the first tray; and iii) verifying correct operation of the system collected from the first tray; the method further comprises step iv) of acquiring at least one parameter associated with the presence or otherwise of the system on the first tray; and/or with the fact that the system matches or otherwise a correct identification code; and/or with correct or incorrect orientation and/or position of the system on the first tray; step iv) being performed prior to step ii).

Abstract: A surface-potential distribution measuring device includes: a laser light source; a Pockels crystal; a mirror; a photodetector that detects light intensity of the laser beam reflected by the mirror; a holding and mounting part that holds and moves the Pockels crystal; a voltage correction database; and a calculation unit that identifies an input voltage corresponding to a testing output voltage as a surface potential of the electric-field-reduction system. The Pockels crystal is formed in such a way that a size of a cross section of the Pockels crystal that is perpendicular to an axial direction changes along the axial direction. The holding and mounting part has a protection unit to protect a structure of the Pockels crystal, a movement unit to that moves the Pockels crystal in order to measure a surface potential of the electric-field-reduction system, and a drive control unit to control the movement unit.

Abstract: An optical device is presented comprising: a cavity defining a cavity axis of light propagation; at least two optical elements having their optical axes, respectively, and being aligned along said cavity axis such that the optical axes of the optical elements coincide with said cavity axis; and a positioning unit associated with at least one of said at least two optical elements. The positioning unit is configured and operable for providing controllable axial rotation of said at least one optical element about the cavity axis, thereby enabling controllable fine adjustment of orientation of said at least one optical element relative to the at least one other optical element, while keeping the aligned positions of the optical elements with respect to said cavity axis.

Abstract: A laser apparatus may include a master oscillator configured to output a pulse laser beam, at least one amplifier provided in a path of the pulse laser beam from the master oscillator, and at least one first optical isolator provided in the path of the pulse laser beam, the first optical isolator including at least one of a GaAs crystal and a CdTe crystal as an electro-optic crystal.

Abstract: The invention relates to an activation circuit for a Pockels cell, comprising a first circuit node (P1), which can be connected to a first connection of the Pockels cell (CP), and a second circuit node (P2), which can be connected to a second connection of the Pockels cell (CP), wherein the first circuit node (P1) is connected by means of a first line to a first electrical potential (HV1) across a first switch (S1B) and by means of a second line to a second electrical potential (HV2) across a second switch (S1A), and the second circuit node (P2) is connected by means of a third line to a third electrical potential (HV3) across a third switch (S2B) and to a fourth electrical potential (HV4) across a fourth switch (S2A), and HV1 is more positive than HV2 and HV3 is more positive than HV4, wherein the difference of the potentials (HV1?HV4) is greater than the difference of the potentials (HV1?HV2) and the difference of the potentials (HV3?HV4).

Abstract: An optical switch combining a Pockels cell and a metamaterial, wherein polarization of an incident light is controlled by a voltage on the Pockels cell to block or pass the incident light. The optical switch has advantages of small size, fast switching, simple structure, and high stability. A plasmonic-EIT kind of optical switch is based on plasmonic hybridization and a plasmonic interaction is controlled by altering a polarization state of the incident light. Therefore, the incident light can be selectively allowed to pass through or blocked according to the polarization thereof.

Abstract: Method for preparing a purified crystal for use in an optical component, from an impure crystal having impurities or crystal defects capable of causing a specific absorption of incident light, includes heating the impure crystal to a temperature at which ions in the crystal are mobile and provide conductivity. A part of the crystal is illuminated with an electromagnetic purifying beam having a frequency in or near a visible frequency range so as to optically excite and migrate charges in the crystal, the charges being compensated by a counter-migration of the ions so as to be fixed in place thereafter so as to provide a purified crystal zone. The crystal is cooled to a future operating temperature.

Abstract: An optical system for a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus and a microlithographic exposure method are disclosed. In an embodiment an optical system for a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus includes at least one mirror arrangement having a plurality of mirror elements which are displaceable independently of each other for altering an angular distribution of the light reflected by the mirror arrangement. The optical system also includes at least one manipulator downstream of the mirror arrangement in the light propagation direction. The manipulator has a raster arrangement of manipulator elements so that light incident on the manipulator during operation of the optical system is influenced differently in its polarization state and/or in its intensity in dependence on the incidence location.

Abstract: A laser apparatus may include: a master oscillator configured to output a pulsed laser beam at a repetition rate; at least one amplifier disposed on a beam path of the pulsed laser beam; at least one optical shutter disposed on the beam path of the pulsed laser beam; and a controller configured to switch the at least one optical shutter.

Abstract: A large-aperture direct-view high-speed electro-optic shutter includes an electro-optic polymer material constructed to form a Pockels cell and an integrated photoconducting semiconductor switch. A chromophore-doped polymer material or chromophore copolymer, wherein the chromophore is oriented within the polymer material, exhibits a linear electro-optic effect when an electric field is applied to the device. In one embodiment, the polymer host material comprises one or more of a polycarbonate, amorphous polycarbonate, or polymethylmethacrylate polymer hosts. The optically active chromophore comprising one or more coumarin and coumarin derivatives, stilbene or tolane derivatives is incorporated within the polymer host, forming a guest-host polymer. In another embodiment, the chromophore is chemically bonded to the monomer that forms the polymer, resulting in an optically active copolymer.

Abstract: An optically powered optical modulator comprises an optical modulation component, such as an electro-optical modulator, acousto-optic modulator or magneto-optic modulator, in combination with one or two lens assemblies positioned at one or both apertures of the optical modulation component, so that the optical modulator formed by the combination of the lens assembly or assemblies and the optical modulation component has optical focus power.

Abstract: A large-aperture direct-view high-speed electro-optic shutter includes an electro-optic polymer material constructed to form a Pockels cell and an integrated photoconducting semiconductor switch. A chromophore-doped polymer material or chromophore copolymer, wherein the chromophore is oriented within the polymer material, exhibits a linear electro-optic effect when an electric field is applied to the device. In one embodiment, the polymer host material comprises one or more of a polycarbonate, amorphous polycarbonate, or polymethylmethacrylate polymer hosts. The optically active chromophore comprising one or more coumarin and coumarin derivatives, stilbene or tolane derivatives is incorporated within the polymer host, forming a guest-host polymer. In another embodiment, the chromophore is chemically bonded to the monomer that forms the polymer, resulting in an optically active copolymer.

Abstract: An optical switch combining a Pockels cell and a metamaterial, wherein polarization of an incident light is controlled by a voltage on the Pockels cell to block or pass the incident light. The optical switch has advantages of small size, fast switching, simple structure, and high stability. A plasmonic-EIT kind of optical switch is based on plasmonic hybridization and a plasmonic interaction is controlled by altering a polarization state of the incident light. Therefore, the incident light can be selectively allowed to pass through or blocked according to the polarization thereof.

Abstract: An electro-optic device includes an electro-optic crystal having a predetermined thickness, a first face and a second face. The electro-optic device also includes a first electrode substrate disposed opposing the first face. The first electrode substrate includes a first substrate material having a first thickness and a first electrode coating coupled to the first substrate material. The electro-optic device further includes a second electrode substrate disposed opposing the second face. The second electrode substrate includes a second substrate material having a second thickness and a second electrode coating coupled to the second substrate material. The electro-optic device additionally includes a voltage source electrically coupled to the first electrode coating and the second electrode coating.

Abstract: A large-aperture direct-view high-speed electro-optic shutter includes an electro-optic polymer material constructed to form a Pockels cell and an integrated photoconducting semiconductor switch. A chromophore-doped polymer material or chromophore copolymer, wherein the chromophore is oriented within the polymer material, exhibits a linear electro-optic effect when an electric field is applied to the device. In one embodiment, the polymer host material comprises one or more of a polycarbonate, amorphous polycarbonate, or polymethylmethacrylate polymer hosts. The optically active chromophore comprising one or more coumarin and coumarin derivatives, stilbene or tolane derivatives is incorporated within the polymer host, forming a guest-host polymer. In another embodiment, the chromophore is chemically bonded to the monomer that forms the polymer, resulting in an optically active copolymer.

Abstract: Two pulsed lasers (14) or sets of lasers propagate beams of pulses (20) having orthogonally related polarization states. A beam combiner (24) combines the orthogonal beams to form a combined beam propagating along a common beam path (16) to intersect an optical modulator (30) that selectively changes the polarization state of selected pulses of either beam to provide a composite beam (18) including similarly polarized pulses from the orthogonal beams. The composite polarized beam has a composite average power and a composite repetition rate that are greater than those provided by either laser. The optical modulator can also selectively control the polarization states of pulses from either laser to pass through or be blocked by a downstream polarizer (32). Additional modulators may facilitate pulse shaping of the pulses. The system is scalable by addition of sets of single lasers or pairs of lasers with beam combiners and modulators.

Abstract: The invention relates to an activation circuit for a Pockels cell, comprising a first circuit node (P1), which can be connected to a first connection of the Pockels cell (CP), and a second circuit node (P2), which can be connected to a second connection of the Pockels cell (CP), wherein the first circuit node (P1) is connected by means of a first line to a first electrical potential (HV1) across a first switch (S1B) and by means of a second line to a second electrical potential (HV2) across a second switch (S1A), and the second circuit node (P2) is connected by means of a third line to a third electrical potential (HV3) across a third switch (S2B) and to a fourth electrical potential (HV4) across a fourth switch (S2A), and HV1 is more positive than HV2 and HV3 is more positive than HV4, wherein the difference of the potentials (HV1?HV4) is greater than the difference of the potentials (HV1?HV2) and the difference of the potentials (HV3?HV4).

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for generating bursts of laser pulses and to an apparatus for generating bursts of laser pulses and to a Pockels cell driving circuit. A method for generating bursts of laser pulses comprising generating first repetition rate laser pulses, and generating first repetition rate laser bursts from the repetition laser pulses, the laser bursts each containing a sequence of second repetition rate laser pulses, wherein the second repetition rate is higher than the first repetition rate.

Abstract: An optical device is presented comprising: a cavity defining a cavity axis of light propagation; at least two optical elements having their optical axes, respectively, and being aligned along said cavity axis such that the optical axes of the optical elements coincide with said cavity axis; and a positioning unit associated with at least one of said at least two optical elements. The positioning unit is configured and operable for providing controllable axial rotation of said at least one optical element about the cavity axis, thereby enabling controllable fine adjustment of orientation of said at least one optical element relative to the at least one other optical element, while keeping the aligned positions of the optical elements with respect to said cavity axis.

Abstract: A large-aperture direct-view high-speed electro-optic shutter includes an electro-optic polymer material constructed to form a Pockels cell and an integrated photoconducting semiconductor switch. A chromophore-doped polymer material or chromophore copolymer, wherein the chromophore is oriented within the polymer material, exhibits a linear electro-optic effect when an electric field is applied to the device. In one embodiment, the polymer host material comprises one or more of a polycarbonate, amorphous polycarbonate, or polymethylmethacrylate polymer hosts. The optically active chromophore comprising one or more coumarin and coumarin derivatives, stilbene or tolane derivatives is incorporated within the polymer host, forming a guest-host polymer. In another embodiment, the chromophore is chemically bonded to the monomer that forms the polymer, resulting in an optically active copolymer.

Abstract: An optical modulator is provided with a stripe-shaped optical waveguide, which has an upper clad layer, a lower clad layer formed between the upper clad layer and a substrate, and an undoped core layer which is arranged between the upper clad layer and the lower clad layer and has a complex refractive index that changes corresponding to the intensity of an applied electric field, to a signal light propagating inside. On both sides of the stripe-shaped optical waveguide, conductor walls are configured by arranging a pair of parallel blocking flat boards with an insulating wall in between. Thus, the semiconductor optical modulator having a high optical modulation efficiency is provided.

Abstract: A system for laser amplification includes a dual-crystal Pockels cell which is used to control emission of laser pulses from an ultra-fast laser. The Pockels cell is constructed to enable adjustment of the rotational orientation of one crystal relative to the other crystal. The rotational orientation of one or both crystals in the Pockels cell is adjusted to control sidebands in the laser pulse.

Abstract: A system is used to perform fast and slow applications, for example fast application can be pulse trimming. The system includes a radiation source, an electro-optical modulator, and a beam splitter. The radiation source is configured to generate a polarized beam of radiation. The electro-optical modulator, formed of crystalline quartz, is configured to modulate the beam of radiation. The beam splitter is configured to direct a first portion of the beam to a beam dump and to form an output beam from a second portion of the beam.

Abstract: Method for preparing a purified crystal for use in an optical component, from an impure crystal having impurities or crystal defects capable of causing a specific absorption of incident light, includes heating the impure crystal to a temperature at which ions in the crystal are mobile and provide conductivity. A part of the crystal is illuminated with an electromagnetic purifying beam having a frequency in or near a visible frequency range so as to optically excite and migrate charges in the crystal, the charges being compensated by a counter-migration of the ions so as to be fixed in place thereafter so as to provide a purified crystal zone. The crystal is cooled to a future operating temperature.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an improved electro-optic shutter are disclosed. One embodiment comprises an electro-optic element, first and second polarizers, and a pair of electrodes. The electro-optic element has opposing transverse surfaces and operates as a half wave plate when a voltage V? is applied to the element. The first and second polarizers are each disposed adjacent to one transverse surface of the electro-optic element. The first and second electro-optic element have parallel transmission axes. Each electrode is disposed on one of the transverse surfaces of the electro-optic element and has an electric field which is substantially uniform over the transverse extent of the electro-optic element.

Abstract: A system is used to perform fast and slow applications, for example fast application can be pulse trimming. The system includes a radiation source, an electro-optical modulator, and a beam splitter. The radiation source is configured to generate a polarized beam of radiation. The electro-optical modulator, formed of crystalline quartz, is configured to modulate the beam of radiation. The beam splitter is configured to direct a first portion of the beam to a beam dump and to form an output beam from a second portion of the beam.

Abstract: Methods and systems for improving high resolution imaging using a polarization-modulated tip enhanced optical microscope. A polarizer is configured to alternately create and remove a region of enhanced optical intensity adjacent the tip of the microscope probe at the focus of a light source. The sample being studied emits photons at specific rates relative to a background rate depending on the existence or nonexistence of the region of enhanced optical intensity. Comparing the rate of emissions when the region of enhanced optical intensity exists to when it does not creates a detailed image of the sample. By not requiring the probe to oscillate, this system enhances the resolution of the microscope without potentially causing damage to the sample.

Abstract: A controllable Pockels cell system has a switching unit that can apply voltage to the Pockels cell. The Pockels cell system also features a delay unit that enables setting of a precise time when voltage is applied or removed from the Pockels cell. This allows displacing in time the voltage pulse applied to the Pockels cell, in this manner also displacing in time the transmission pulse of the Pockels cell with an analyzer located behind the Pockels cell. Thus it is possible to individually control the amplitude of selected laser pulses. The switching unit can either be a simple push-pull circuit or a bridge circuit made from two push-pull circuits.

Abstract: A retroreflector coupled with a polarization rotator is provided according to some embodiments. The polarization rotator can be designed and/or configured to introduce a fraction of a wavelength phase difference in a received beam of light prior to reflecting the beam of light back toward the source of the light. By switching the state of the polarization rotator a communication signal can be modulated on the return beam of light.

Abstract: A system for laser amplification includes a dual-crystal Pockels cell which is used to control emission of laser pulses from an ultra-fast laser. The Pockels cell is constructed to enable adjustment of the rotational orientation of one crystal relative to the other crystal. The rotational orientation of one or both crystals in the Pockels cell is adjusted to control sidebands in the laser pulse.

Abstract: An electrooptic device having a simple structure that can efficiently increase deflection of a beam is provided. The device includes: an electrooptic crystal (11) having an electrooptic effect; an electrode pair of a positive electrode (12) and a negative electrode (13) for generating an electric field inside the electrooptic crystal; and a power source for applying a voltage between the electrode pair so as to generate a space charge inside the electrooptic crystal. With this arrangement, by using a simple structure, a change in a deflection angle is temporally rapid, and a large deflection angle that can not be obtained by a conventional electrooptic crystal prism can be acquired at a low applied voltage.

Abstract: A system for laser amplification includes a dual-crystal Pockels cell which is used to control emission of laser pulses from an ultra-fast laser. The Pockels cell is constructed to enable adjustment of the rotational orientation of one crystal relative to the other crystal. The rotational orientation of one or both crystals in the Pockels cell is adjusted to control sidebands in the laser pulse.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to operate on a light beam by using a lens that collimates the light beam to a collimated beam with at least one cross-sectional dimension less than a critical dimension of 400 ?m or less over a working range WR. The apparatus has a bulk electro-optic material of small thickness ?, e.g., less than 300 ?m positioned within working range WR and the collimated beam traverses it along its path. The apparatus has a voltage source for applying a low operating or drive voltage Vdrive, e.g. less than 400 V to the bulk electro-optic material for performing an operation on the collimated beam. The lens for collimating the light beam is a free-space collimator such as a graded index (GRIN) lens or preferably a C-lens. The apparatus is a versatile and scalable platform that can be employed in building various electro-optic devices.

Abstract: An electrode is described. The electrode includes a substrate having a first and a second surface, a conductive layer, multilayer structure having alternating layers of at least one polymer layer and at least one electroactive chemical bound nanoparticle layer. The conductive layer is disposed on the second surface of the substrate, and the multilayer structure is disposed on the conductive layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pockels cell comprising two spaced-apart cubical RTP crystals that have a square cross section, are located one behind another, and are oriented towards each other so as to provide thermal compensation in the direction of radiation. Each of said RTP crystals is provided with electrodes on two opposite faces, said faces of one crystal being rotated by 90° relative to the faces of the other crystal and relative to the direction of radiation (5). Flexible, electrically insulating, high voltage-proof plastic mats which conduct heat well and rest against the inside of a cooling member are provided around the exterior faces of the electrodes.

Abstract: An optical sensor unit, free from electrical noise, includes a sensor case which has both lateral sides having high frequency connectors mounted thereon, and a metallic plate mounted inside the case. The metallic plate has both ends connected to inner conductors of the high frequency connectors, and its upper surface having a current and a voltage sensor unit mounted thereon for measuring the high frequency current and voltage, respectively. The current sensor unit includes total-reflection mirrors and a current sensor, and the voltage sensor unit includes further total-reflection mirrors and a voltage sensor. The voltage sensor has its upper surface having an electrode provided thereon to be connected to the sensor case. The laser light from outside is input to the current and voltage sensor units over optical fibers. The signal light output from the current and voltage sensor units is taken outside on output optical fibers.

Abstract: A system that optically performs complex transforms, such as Fourier transforms. The system includes a pixel addressable spatial modulator that, in parallel, adjusts the phase of the light of each pixel. The modulator can be a reflective or transmissive type device. A transform lens, such as a Fourier lens, performs a two dimensional transform of the pixels outputs. This operation is repeated for the characteristic function (real and imaginary) of the function. The transformed outputs of the characteristic functions are sampled by a light detector and processed by a computer using simple fast operations, such as addition, into the final transform.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a polymer film having second order non-linear optical properties which has excellent stability of orientated molecules and does not become disorientated, and a polymer film and a non-linear optical element are provided. A polymer solution is placed between two substrates, which are disposed substantially perpendicular with respect to a rotating stand and substantially symmetrical with respect to a rotation axis of the rotating stand, and the rotating stand is rotated. A polymer film having second order non-linear optical properties is formed by the centrifugal force generated at the polymer solution.

Abstract: Dual Pockels cell containing: a bar (112) in electro-birefractive material having a first (122) and a second (124) end, a first and a second ring electrode (126, 128) deposited at the ends of the bar, and a third electrode (127) formed on the bar between the first and second electrodes. Application to the fabrication of modulators or electro-optical switches.

Abstract: A small sized electro-optic voltage sensor capable of accurate measurement of high levels of voltages without contact with a conductor or voltage source is provided. When placed in the presence of an electric field, the sensor receives an input beam of electromagnetic radiation into the sensor. A polarization beam displacer serves as a filter to separate the input beam into two beams with orthogonal linear polarizations. The beam displacer is oriented in such a way as to rotate the linearly polarized beams such that they enter a Pockels crystal at a preferred angle of 45 degrees. The beam displacer is therefore capable of causing a linearly polarized beam to impinge a crystal at a desired angle independent of temperature. The Pockels electro-optic effect induces a differential phase shift on the major and minor axes of the input beam as it travels through the Pockels crystal, which causes the input beam to be elliptically polarized.

Abstract: A novel liquid crystalline charge transport material is provided which simultaneously has advantages of an amorphous material, that is, evenness in a large area, and advantages of a crystalline material having molecular alignment, is excellent in high-quality charge transport capability, film forming properties, various types of durability and the like, and permits the alignment to be regulated by external stimulation. The liquid crystalline charge transport material has smectic liquid crystallinity and an electron mobility of not less than 1×10−5 cm2/v.s.

Abstract: A Pockels-effect electro-optical modulator including a light guide having a core made of an inorganic amorphous material, and on which a structure is superposed that is made up of two electrode-forming layers between which an electro-optical polymer is interposed, said modulator being characterized in that said structure is superposed directly on the material of the core of the light guide. The transitions between the active and passive zones are advantageously adapted to minimize losses.

Abstract: An electro-optic voltage sensor comprises a voltage divider connected to an electric line and to ground and having two insulative compartments separated by an intermediate electrode connected to a Pockels cell. The intermediate electrode supplies to the Pockels cell a reduced voltage derived from the voltage supplied by the electric line to the voltage divider. Each insulative compartment comprises a homogeneous dielectric block with a thickness dependent on the division ratio of the voltage divider. The electro-optic voltage sensor has a very high safety level vis a vis the risk of strong short-circuits combined with mechanical and thermal stability guaranteeing great accuracy of operation and great reliability without special maintenance requirements.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for recharging a string of avalanche transistors within a pulse generator is disclosed. A plurality of amplification stages are connected in series. Each stage includes an avalanche transistor and a capacitor. A trigger signal, causes the apparatus to generate a very high voltage pulse of a very brief duration which discharges the capacitors. Charge resistors inject current into the string of avalanche transistors at various points, recharging the capacitors. The method of the present invention includes the steps of supplying current to charge resistors from a power supply; using the charge resistors to charge capacitors connected to a set of serially connected avalanche transistors; triggering the avalanche transistors; generating a high-voltage pulse from the charge stored in the capacitors; and recharging the capacitors through the charge resistors.

Abstract: A split reciprocal polarization switch (SRPS) for use in constructing high performance switching devices used in fiber optics. The SRPS allows selective changes in the polarization of one or the other of two optical rays passing therethrough along first and second bi-directional ray paths of the SRPS so that they emerge therefrom with the same polarizations. The SRPS includes a switching section for selectively changing the optical polarization of optical rays according to a selected state of the switching section, and a split section including a first and second sections having different polarization changing characteristics.

Abstract: This invention provides an electrooptic sensor device which is adapted to measure micro-circuit electrical signals with subpicosecond resolution. The sensor device has an electrooptic organic polymer film matrix. The sensor device is positioned adjacent to an electrical signal transmission line of a micro-circuit, and within a fringe electric field of the transmission line. Birefringence is induced in the electrooptic polymer film matrix by the fringe electric field generated by a propagation electrical signal in the transmission line. An optical probe beam of focused electrical signal-synchronized laser pulses of picosecond range duration is beamed into the birefringent polymer film matrix, and the output laser pulses are processed to provide an optical profile measurement of the electrical signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electro-optical element and its manufacturing method ideal for use in defect inspection devices for liquid crystal display substrates used in liquid crystal display panels. The electro-optical element of this invention possesses an electro-optical element, dielectric reflective film, transparent electrode, and transparent supporting substrate. These are united together by adhering the dielectric reflective film and transparent electrode edge to the electro-optical element. The electro-optical element is manufactured by consecutively affixing the transparent sheet with the transparent electrode, the electro-optical element, and transparent film with the dielectric reflective film to the transparent supporting substrate.

Abstract: In a magnetooptical element comprising a single crystal of Cd.sub.1-x-y Mn.sub.x Hg.sub.y Te, the single crystal has a composition in an area defined in a quasi three-element phase diagram of MnTe--HgTe--CdTe by four points of:Mn.sub.0.01 Hg.sub.0.04 Cd.sub.0.95 Te, Mn.sub.0.01 Hg.sub.0.1 Cd.sub.0.89 Te, Mn.sub.0.12 Hg.sub.0.17 Cd.sub.0.71 Te, and Mn.sub.0.25 Hg.sub.0.04 Cd.sub.0.71 Te.This renders the magnetooptical element suitable for use in a wavelength range between 0.8 micrometer and 1.1 micrometers.