Particular Planar Electrode Pattern Patents (Class 359/271)
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Patent number: 11892717Abstract: A switchable privacy display comprises a spatial light modulator with output polariser, a reflective polariser, a polar control liquid crystal retarder and an additional polariser. The electrodes of the polar control liquid crystal retarder are patterned with a mark. In wide angle and narrow angle operational modes, the electrodes of the liquid crystal retarder are driven such that the mark is not visible. In a mark display state, the electrodes are driven to provide visibility of the mark in reflected light to an off-axis observer.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 2022Date of Patent: February 6, 2024Assignee: RealD Spark, LLCInventors: Jonathan Harrold, Graham J. Woodgate, Michael G. Robinson, Robert A. Ramsey, Ben Ihas
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Patent number: 11644730Abstract: An electrochromic device including an electrode layer, an electrochromic layer and a conductive band having a closed ring shape. The electrochromic device having the above structure has excellent color-switching speeds and electrochromic uniformity.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 2018Date of Patent: May 9, 2023Assignee: LG CHEM, LTD.Inventors: Yong Chan Kim, Ki Hwan Kim, Pil Sung Jo
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Patent number: 11397344Abstract: A switchable glazing unit comprising a glazing panel spaced apart from a pane of glazing material by a perimeter seal is described. The glazing panel comprises first and second glass sheets. A first electrode layer is on a first major surface of the first glass sheet and a second electrode layer is on a first major surface of the second glass sheet. A layer of liquid crystal material is between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. When no voltage is applied to the first and second electrode layers, the liquid crystal layer has a first opacity, and upon applying a suitable voltage between the first and second electrode layers, the liquid crystal layer has a second opacity different to the first opacity. Methods of making such a switchable glazing unit are also described.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 2017Date of Patent: July 26, 2022Assignee: Pilkington Group LimitedInventors: Jonathan Mark Williams, Joseph Jeremy Boote
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Patent number: 11194212Abstract: An electrochromic device is provided. The electrochromic device may include a plurality of auxiliary electrodes spaced apart from each other in both a first direction and a second direction. The electrochromic device may improve an electrochromism rate and prevent a drive failure problem due to oxidation of the auxiliary electrode from spreading.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 2019Date of Patent: December 7, 2021Assignee: LG CHEM, LTD.Inventors: Dong Hyun Lee, Chang Yoon Lim, Su Hee Lee
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Patent number: 10856365Abstract: An improved resistive heating device includes multiple printed heating elements joined through a flexible film substrate to bus bars printed on an opposite side of the flexible film. The heating elements may be printed using a positive temperature coefficient ink to provide a self-regulated maximum temperature based on a given input voltage. This printing of electrical components on both sides of a flexible film, referred to herein as double-sided polymer circuitry (D/SPC®), provides various additional advantages over single-sided printing, such as an increased heat per unit surface area. This also provides a more concentrated and evenly distributed heat pattern, and will reduce or eliminate the exhibition of hot spots or varying patterns of heat throughout the heating element. This printing on both sides of the flexible film results in an improved, fault-tolerant bus bar topology, which may be used in fault-critical medical applications or other mission-critical applications.Type: GrantFiled: November 14, 2019Date of Patent: December 1, 2020Inventor: Mark Allen Ester
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Patent number: 9116410Abstract: Window units, for example insulating glass units (IGU's), that have at least two panes, each pane having an electrochromic device thereon, are described. Two optical state devices on each pane of a dual-pane window unit provide window units having four optical states. Window units described allow the end user a greater choice of how much light is transmitted through the electrochromic window. Also, by using two or more window panes, each with its own electrochromic device, registered in a window unit, visual defects in any of the individual devices are negated by virtue of the extremely small likelihood that any of the visual defects will align perfectly and thus be observable to the user.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 2014Date of Patent: August 25, 2015Assignee: View, Inc.Inventors: Robin Friedman, Sridhar Kailasam, Rao Mulpuri, Ronald Powell, Dhairya Shrivastava
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Patent number: 9030724Abstract: This invention discloses how electrooptic devices including electrochromic devices that can be fabricated as tags or labels; and further the materials used, device structures and how these can be processed by printing technologies and on flexible substrates. In addition, systems using displays of such devices and their integration with other components are described for forming labels and tags, etc, that may be actuated wirelessly or powered with low voltage and low capacity batteries.Type: GrantFiled: July 2, 2009Date of Patent: May 12, 2015Assignee: Chromera, Inc.Inventors: Anoop Agrawal, John P. Cronin, Lori L. Adams, Juan Carlos L. Tonazzi
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Patent number: 8976437Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is disclosed a transflective electrochromic liquid crystal display device, comprising a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer and an electrochromic layer and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the electrochromic layer is located between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. The present invention can achieve a good display effect in each of a reflective mode and a transmissive mode; and production costs are low, and resolution and aperture ratio can be increased.Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 2012Date of Patent: March 10, 2015Assignee: Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd.Inventors: Xiaodong Zhou, Jaegeon You, Jikai Yao
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Patent number: 8970938Abstract: An electrochromic device (1) comprises a layered structure (11) having an ion conducting electrolyte layer (20). The ion conducting electrolyte layer (20) in turn comprises particles (30) absorbing electromagnetic radiation. The particles (30) are electrically conducting. The particles have a main light absorption above 700 nm.Type: GrantFiled: March 26, 2012Date of Patent: March 3, 2015Assignee: Chromogenics ABInventor: Claes Göran Granqvist
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Patent number: 8964279Abstract: An electrode is produced on a rigid or flexible support substrate, including a grid network of very fine electrically-conductive lines with nodes and links, to produce a diffraction pattern, as much as possible in an arc shape, in the light transmitted and that results in an absence of high-level optical impacts. The grid network may in addition be produced without preferential direction with a number of three lines joining up at each node and/or with conductive sections extending in the shape of an arc or in wave form between the nodes.Type: GrantFiled: July 25, 2007Date of Patent: February 24, 2015Assignee: Saint-Gobain Glass FranceInventors: Martin Melcher, Michael Labrot, Benno Dunkmann, Philippe Letocart, Bernhard Reul, Karl-Josef Ollfisch, Marc Maurer
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Patent number: 8928965Abstract: The present invention is related to an electrochemical processor, which comprises two electrodes of different electrochemical potential, which are bridged via an electrolyte. Upon, completion of the electric circuit between the two electrodes, the second electrode is oxidized and therefore changed in at least one physical parameter, e.g. the second electrode becomes transparent. The electrochemical processor is characterized in that the surface of the second electrode, which is in contact with the electrolyte, is partially covered with an electrically insulating material, wherein this material is adjacent to the electrolyte. Moreover, the present invention relates to the use of this electrochemical processor and a method of composing such electrochemical processor.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 2012Date of Patent: January 6, 2015Assignee: Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet MuensterInventor: Meinhard Knoll
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Publication number: 20140376075Abstract: An electrically controllable device includes two supported electrodes, each coated with a conductive coating, the two electrodes positioned with respect to one another so that the conductive coatings are facing each other. An electroactive system, sandwiched between, and in contact with, the two electrodes, has an area smaller than that of each of the electrodes to define a peripheral groove over the entire perimeter of the electroactive system. A peripheral seal fills the groove over the entire perimeter of the electroactive system and is entirely in contact with the two electrodes. The contact area between the seal and the first electrode and the contact area between the seal and the second electrode each include a conductive part and a non-conductive part. No conductive part of the contact area between the seal and the first electrode is opposite a conductive part of the contact area between the seal and the second electrode.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 4, 2013Publication date: December 25, 2014Inventors: Samuel Dubrenat, Jia Mei Soon
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Patent number: 8693078Abstract: This invention contemplates integrating laser scribing/patterning the component layers of electrochromic devices by directly removing (ablating) the material of the component layers. To minimize redeposition of laser ablated material and particulate formation on device surfaces a number of approaches may be used: (1) ablated material generated by the focused laser patterning may be removed by vacuum suction and/or application of an inert gas jet in the vicinity of the laser ablation of device material; (2) spatial separation of the edges of layers and patterning of lower layers prior to deposition of upper layers; and (3) the laser patterning step may be performed by a laser beam focused directly on the deposited layers from above, by a laser beam directed through the transparent substrate, or by a combination of both.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 2012Date of Patent: April 8, 2014Assignee: Applied Materials, Inc.Inventors: Byung Sung Kwak, Nety Krishna
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Patent number: 8628840Abstract: A laminate donor element can be used to transfer a composite of a metal grid and an electronically conductive polymer to a receiver sheet for use in various devices. The laminate donor element has a donor substrate, a metal grid that is disposed over only portions of the donor substrate, leaving portions of the substrate uncovered by the metal grid, and an electronically conductive polymer that covers the portions of the donor substrate that are uncovered by the metal grid. The composite of metal grid and electronically conductive polymer exhibits a peel force of less than or equal to 40 g/cm for separation from the donor substrate at room temperature.Type: GrantFiled: June 29, 2011Date of Patent: January 14, 2014Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Debasis Majumdar, Roger Lee Klaus, Michael J. Corrigan
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Patent number: 8593714Abstract: This invention discloses novel electrochromic devices and polymer actuator materials where nanoparticles are used to make composites. In particular, the said nanoparticles are wire shaped and disc shaped. These composites allow EC devices to be made with improved performance, particularly display devices could be made that consume low power and can be manufactured at low cost.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 2009Date of Patent: November 26, 2013Assignee: AJJER, LLCInventors: Anoop Agrawal, Juan Carlos L. Tonazzi
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Patent number: 8564871Abstract: An electrochromic apparatus comprises a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer spaced from and disposed substantially parallel to the first electrode. An electrochromic layer is disposed between the first and second electrode layers. An electrolyte layer is disposed between the electrochromic layer and one of the electrode layers. The electrochromic layer comprises the dehydration reaction product of a hydrolyzed aromatic component. An electrochromic composition comprises an aromatic component having an aromatic core and at least two silicon-based groups pending from the aromatic core. The silicon-based groups have a silicon-bonded group selected from the group of hydrolyzable groups, hydrolyzates of hydrolyzable groups, and combinations thereof.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 2009Date of Patent: October 22, 2013Assignee: Dow Corning CorporationInventors: David Witker, Toshio Suzuki
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Patent number: 8508833Abstract: A pixel unit of an electrochromic display panel and a driving method thereof are described. The pixel unit includes a first substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode, on the first substrate; a first auxiliary counter electrode, on the first substrate and disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; a first electrochromic material, on the first electrode; a second electrochromic material, on the second electrode; a second substrate, opposite to the first substrate; a third electrode, on the second substrate; a third electrochromic material, on the third electrode; and an electrolyte layer, between the first substrate and the second substrate.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 2011Date of Patent: August 13, 2013Assignee: Industrial Technology Research InstituteInventors: Ming-Huan Yang, Chao-Feng Sung
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Patent number: 8467119Abstract: An electrochromic display device including: a first substrate; first electrodes parallely extending on the first substrate; a second substrate opposite to the first substrate; second electrodes parallely extending in a direction orthogonal to the first electrodes on the second substrate; and an electrochromic composition layer between the substrates, wherein the device is passive-matrix driven to perform a display by energization between the electrodes, and to perform erasing of the display by energization in a reverse direction, a pixel is formed in a portion where the first electrodes sterically intersect with the second electrodes, and metal electrical wires extending over the regions between the second electrodes and the second substrate along the second electrodes, each of metal electrical wires being conductively connected to each of the second electrodes corresponding to any one of the regions, and insulated from each of the second electrodes corresponding to the other regions.Type: GrantFiled: July 26, 2011Date of Patent: June 18, 2013Assignees: Funai Electric Advanced Applied Technology Research Institute Inc., Funai Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Wu Weng, Toshimi Fukuoka, Tetsuya Higuchi, Masao Suzuki, Masatoshi Ono
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Patent number: 8444836Abstract: A device for forming at least one circulating flow, or vortex, at the surface of a drop of liquid, including at least two first electrodes forming a plane and having edges facing each other, such that the contact line of a drop, deposited on the device and fixed relatively to the device, has a tangent forming, when projected onto the plane of the electrodes, an angle between 0° and 90° with the edges facing each other of the electrodes.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 2007Date of Patent: May 21, 2013Assignees: Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique, Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueInventors: Yves Fouillet, Laurent Davoust
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Patent number: 8384658Abstract: Novel addressing schemes for controlling electronically addressable displays include a scheme for rear-addressing displays, which allows for in-plane switching of the display material. Other schemes include a rear-addressing scheme which uses a retroreflecting surface to enable greater viewing angle and contrast. Another scheme includes an electrode structure that facilitates manufacture and control of a color display. Another electrode structure facilitates addressing a display using an electrostatic stylus. Methods of using the disclosed electrode structures are also disclosed. Another scheme includes devices combining display materials with silicon transistor addressing structures.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 2008Date of Patent: February 26, 2013Assignee: E Ink CorporationInventors: Jonathan D. Albert, Barrett Comiskey, Joseph M. Jacobson
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Patent number: 8248694Abstract: An electro-optical apparatus includes a display panel that displays an image, an illuminating device that allows light rays to pass through the display panel, a polarization axis controlling unit arranged between the illuminating device and the display panel for allowing light rays having first polarization axis out of light rays outputted from the illuminating device to pass and changing the polarization axes of part of the light rays emitted from the illuminating device to convert the light rays to light rays having second polarization axis different from the first polarization axis, and a lens having a plurality of linear lens patterns for causing the light rays having the first polarization axis and the light rays having the second polarization axis separated by the polarization axis controlling unit respectively to proceed in predetermined directions.Type: GrantFiled: January 18, 2007Date of Patent: August 21, 2012Assignee: Epson Imaging Devices CorporationInventor: Nobuo Sugiyama
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Patent number: 8228587Abstract: An electrochromic device includes a first electrochromic region interconnected with a second electrochromic region by a plurality of conductive links disposed between sides of a substrate on which the material layers of the electrochromic device are formed. The plurality of conductive links interconnects a first isolated conductive region of the first electrochromic region with a first isolated conductive region of the second electrochromic region. A sequence of a counter electrode layer, an ion conductor layer and an electrochromic layer is sandwiched between the first conductive regions of the first and second electrochromic regions and respective second isolated conductive regions of the first and second electrochromic regions. The second conductive regions of the first and second electrochromic regions are connected to respective first and second bus bars which are for connection to a low voltage electrical source.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 2010Date of Patent: July 24, 2012Assignee: SAGE Electrochromics, Inc.Inventor: Mark Samuel Burdis
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Publication number: 20120170100Abstract: A pixel unit of an electrochromic display panel and a driving method thereof are described. The pixel unit includes a first substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode, on the first substrate; a first auxiliary counter electrode, on the first substrate and disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; a first electrochromic material, on the first electrode; a second electrochromic material, on the second electrode; a second substrate, opposite to the first substrate; a third electrode, on the second substrate; a third electrochromic material, on the third electrode; and an electrolyte layer, between the first substrate and the second substrate.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 21, 2011Publication date: July 5, 2012Applicant: INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTEInventors: Ming-Huan Yang, Chao-Feng Sung
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Patent number: 8169684Abstract: The present invention relates to improved electro-optic rearview mirror elements and assemblies incorporating the same. Area of the effective field of view of the electro-optic mirror element substantially equals to that defined by the outermost perimeter of the element.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 2010Date of Patent: May 1, 2012Assignee: Gentex CorporationInventors: Mark D. Bugno, William L. Tonar, George A. Neuman, Danny L. Minikey, Jr., John S. Anderson, Mark R. Roth, Nigel T. Lock, Spencer D. Reese
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Patent number: 8049948Abstract: This invention provides a novel process for producing an electrochemical display element, which can easily form a white scattering layer between opposed electrodes, has a high level of suitability for production, and has high stability after long-term use. The production process is characterized in that a film containing a white scattering material and a polymeric binder is formed on at least one electrode in opposed electrodes, the other electrode is disposed so as to face the electrode with film formed thereon, a low-viscosity electrolyte is poured into a space between the opposed electrodes, and the polymeric binder is dissolved in or swollen in the electrolyte to form a gel-like electrolyte layer containing the white scattering material and the polymeric binder within the space.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 2008Date of Patent: November 1, 2011Assignee: Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc.Inventors: Takeshi Hakii, Tomoo Izumi
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Patent number: 7995262Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochromic display device comprising: a first substrate; a first electrode; a second substrate; a second electrode; and an electrochromic composition layer, wherein the device is of a passive matrix drive where the device performs a display by an energization between the electrodes, and performs a erasion of the display, wherein the first electrode comprises electrodes, the second electrode comprises a plurality of transparent display electrodes, a pixel is formed where the electrodes are in a grade separated crossing, at least a surface of the electrodes is respectively oxidized, the electrochromic composition layer comprising (i) insulative partition walls and (ii) an electrochromic composition including a supporting electrolyte, a polar solvent, and a leuco dye, and wherein the device displays a selected pixel by applying a voltage of a first potential difference, and applies the voltage of a second potential difference so as not to cause any energization.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 2009Date of Patent: August 9, 2011Assignees: Funai Electric Advanced Applied Technology Research Institute Inc., Funai Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Tetsuya Higuchi, Masao Suzuki, Toshimi Fukuoka, Wu Weng
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Patent number: 7990603Abstract: An electrical control system is disclosed for controlling a plurality of variable transmittance windows. The electrical control system comprises a master control circuit and user input circuits for supplying control signals representing transmittance levels for the variable transmission windows, and a plurality of slave window control circuits coupled to the master control circuit, user input circuits and the variable transmittance windows. Each slave window control circuit controls the transmittance of at least one of the variable transmission windows in response to control signals received from the master control circuit and/or user input circuits. Also disclosed are novel methods for the manufacture of an electrochromic device used in variable transmittance windows. Novel structural features for improving heat transfer away from the windows, shielding the window from external loads, and improving the electrical performance of the windows are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: June 11, 2007Date of Patent: August 2, 2011Assignee: Gentex CorporationInventors: Kevin L. Ash, Bradley L. Busscher, Robert R. Turnbull, George A. Neuman, David J. Cammenga, David A. Theiste
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Patent number: 7940457Abstract: In an aspect, described herein is a dynamically controllable optoelectronic smart window which utilizes a diffraction grating for selective transmission or rejection of a specific region of the electromagnetic spectrum, for example the infrared, near-infrared and/or visible regions. Window embodiments described herein may further utilize a selectively controlled and/or patterned total internal reflection layer to assist with the selective rejection of a specific spectral region while allowing for transmission of another specific spectral region. In another aspect, the present invention provides methods for dynamically controlling the transmission or rejection of solar near-infrared and/or visible radiation.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 2008Date of Patent: May 10, 2011Assignee: The Board of Trustees of the University of IllinoisInventors: Kanti Jain, Linus Jang, Yoon Soo Han
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Patent number: 7751110Abstract: There is provided a versatile display device comprising: a first electrode layer formed on a transparent substrate; an electrochromic layer formed on the first electrode layer; a second electrode layer consisting of a plurality of first conductive line groups arranged in the first direction on the electrochromic layer; a light-emitting device layer formed on the second electrode layer and emitting light; and a third electrode layer formed on the light-emitting device layer and consisting of a plurality of second conductive line groups arranged in the second direction that is different from the first conductive line group.Type: GrantFiled: July 6, 2005Date of Patent: July 6, 2010Assignee: LG Innotek Co., Ltd.Inventors: Ja Soon Jang, Hyun Hwi Lee, Sung Jin Son
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Publication number: 20100157409Abstract: In a method for producing electrochromic displays (1, 10) the functional layers, such as the electrodes (3, 4, 6) and electrochromic layer (5) are configured in a printing process. The method enables a particularly cost-effective and flexible production of the display.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 4, 2006Publication date: June 24, 2010Inventors: Christoph Brabec, Jens Hauch
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Patent number: 7719751Abstract: A window assembly comprises a first conductive material layer, an electrochromic stack, a second conductive material layer and a seal. The first conductive material layer is formed on a substrate and comprises at least two zones electrically isolated from each other. The electrochromic stack is formed on a first selected zone of the first conductive material layer to overlap an edge of a second selected zone of the first conductive material layer. The second conductive material layer is formed on the electrochromic stack to overlap an edge of the second selected zone. A first bus bar is formed on the second selected zone to be within a sealed volume of the window assembly. A second bus bar is formed on the first selected zone to be outside the seal volume of the window assembly. The seal defines the sealed volume of the window assembly and seals the window assembly.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 2008Date of Patent: May 18, 2010Assignee: Soladigm, Inc.Inventors: Peter Egerton, Drew Gaskell
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Patent number: 7702434Abstract: A motor vehicle and an indicating apparatus for a motor vehicle, includes a display for optical depiction of information concerning the motor vehicle by the emission of light, and having a decorative layer positioned on the display.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 2004Date of Patent: April 20, 2010Assignee: Volkswagen AGInventors: Cedric Dupont, Arne Stoschek, Sven Strohband
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Patent number: 7697190Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochromic device, which includes a first electrode formed on a first region of a first substrate, a second electrode formed on a second region of the first substrate, an electrochromic layer formed on the first electrode, an electrolyte layer formed on both of the electrochromic layer and the second electrode, and a second substrate formed on the electrolyte layer; and a display device including the electrochromic device.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 2006Date of Patent: April 13, 2010Assignee: LG Chem, Ltd.Inventors: Kee Yong Park, Hyun Woo Shin
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Patent number: 7511873Abstract: Disclosed is an electrochromic device including at least one display region and at least one non-display region, which are separated from each other, the electrochromic device including a first substrate, a first electrode, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, optionally an ion storage layer, a second electrode, and a second substrate, which are sequentially formed, wherein the ion storage layer and/or the second electrode are patterned so as to prevent the ion storage layer and/or the second electrode from existing in part or all of said at least one display region; and a display device including the electrochromic device. In the electrochromic device, only the second substrate and electrolyte layer are located between the observer and the electrochromic layer, so that it is possible to prevent a contrast ratio from being degraded due to the ion storage layer and/or second electrode.Type: GrantFiled: November 1, 2006Date of Patent: March 31, 2009Assignee: LG Chem, Ltd.Inventor: Kee Yong Park
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Publication number: 20080259432Abstract: The invention provides an electrophoresis display device that includes: a pair of a first substrate and a second substrate that are provided opposite to each other; an electrophoresis material layer that is sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate; a plurality of pixel areas that is formed on the first substrate and the second substrate; a plurality of optical detection elements which is formed either in the pixel areas or adjacent to the pixel areas; and a plurality of optical transmission paths each of which is formed between the first substrate and the second substrate and propagates incident light that enters through an outer surface of the second substrate so that the light reaches the corresponding optical detection element.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 15, 2008Publication date: October 23, 2008Applicant: Seiko Epson CorporationInventors: Hideyuki Kawai, Andrea Kurrer
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Patent number: 7397595Abstract: This invention provides an electrochromic device which has superior coloration repeat properties, high light transmittance and small thickness. A film is provided comprising a first electrode and second electrode in the same plane, and an electrochromic region and electrolyte region laminated in this plane. The electrochromic region is provided on the second electrode, the electrolyte region is provided on the first electrode, and the boundary between the electrochromic region and electrolyte region lies in the planar direction of the film.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 2005Date of Patent: July 8, 2008Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventor: Kyoko Kojima
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Patent number: 7369295Abstract: An electrochromic display is disclosed which comprises an array side substrate (10) on which a pixel electrode (15) and an electrochromic layer (30) are formed, a color filter side substrate (50) on which a counter electrode (53) and an electrochromic layer (54) are formed, and an electrolytic layer (80) injected between the array side substrate (10) and the color filter side substrate (50). By forming the pixel electrode (15) of a reflective electrode material, it becomes unnecessary to add a coloring agent in the electrolytic layer (80) for enhancing contrast and therefore the electrolytic layer (80) can be made thin.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 2006Date of Patent: May 6, 2008Assignee: Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Satoshi Morita, Takao Yamauchi
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Patent number: 7352500Abstract: A display device comprising a plurality of independently addressable pixels (1) comprising: a first substrate (2); a counter-electrode (3); second substrate (4); a stack of electrochromic layers (5a, 5b, 5c) associated with said second substrate (4); an electrolyte (6) disposed between said counter-electrode (3) and said stack of electrochromic layers (5a, 5b, 5c). Said electrochromic layers (5a, 5b, 5c) are each independently addressable for switching operation; and separated from each other by layers of an electrolyte (7).Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 2003Date of Patent: April 1, 2008Assignee: Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V.Inventors: Hendrik Johannes Boudewijn Jagt, Nicolaas Petrus Willard, Mark Thomas Johnson
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Patent number: 7336410Abstract: A display of an electrochromic type, including an active matrix substrate on which a plurality of pixel electrodes corresponding to pixels are arranged in a matrix form; a counter substrate which is provided with a transparent electrode that is common with respect to a plurality of the pixel electrodes; and an electrochromic material which is sandwiched between the active matrix substrate and the counter substrate, and is colored in a boundary either between itself and the pixel electrode or between itself and the transparent electrode; wherein the pixel electrode other than an electrode-exposed part which contacts with the electrochromic material is covered with a transparent protective film; and the electrode-exposed part has a different area from the area of the part onto which a current generated between the transparent electrode and the pixel electrode concentrates, out of the transparent electrode.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 2006Date of Patent: February 26, 2008Assignee: Hitachi Displays, Ltd.Inventors: Shoichi Hirota, Tetsuya Ohshima, Tatsuya Sugita
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Patent number: 7333257Abstract: A method for contacting patterned electrode devices includes the steps of providing a porous substrate, depositing electrically conductive material to form at least one electrode on a front-side of the porous substrate and depositing at least one electrically conductive back-side contact trace on the back-side of the substrate. A portion of the electrically conductive material penetrates into the substrate. A device is formed including the electrode on the front side of the substrate, wherein the electrode is electrically coupled by a conducting channel including the electrically conductive material through the substrate to the back-side contact trace.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 2004Date of Patent: February 19, 2008Assignee: University of Florida Research Foundation, Inc.Inventors: John R. Reynolds, Avni A. Argun, Pierre Henri Aubert, Mathieu Berard
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Patent number: 7317566Abstract: Switching uniformity of an optical modulation device for controlling the propagation of electromagnetic radiation is improved by use of an electrode comprising an electrically resistive layer that is transparent to the radiation. The resistive layer is preferably an innerlayer of a wide-bandgap oxide sandwiched between layers of indium tin oxide or another transparent conductor, and may be of uniform thickness, or may be graded so as to provide further improvement in the switching uniformity. The electrode may be used with electrochromic and reversible electrochemical mirror (REM) smart window devices, as well as display devices based on various technologies.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 2005Date of Patent: January 8, 2008Assignee: Teledyne Licensing, LLCInventors: D. Morgan Tench, Michael A. Cunningham, Paul H. Kobrin
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Patent number: 7265890Abstract: An electrochromic device is usable for tuning and modulating infrared radiation in a spectral region comprising wavelengths between approximately 1 and 30 microns. This device comprises a plurality of thin films successively deposited on a substrate. The first of these films is a substrate electrode deposited on a suitably prepared substrate. A plurality of active layers comprising at least an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer and an ion storage layer and a substantially transparent metal layer are then preferably deposited on the substrate electrode. The preferred active layers are characterized by a transmittance that is selectively controllable by applying a voltage across the plurality of active layers.Type: GrantFiled: August 18, 2006Date of Patent: September 4, 2007Assignee: Eclipse Energy SystemsInventor: Hulya Demiryont
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Patent number: 7245504Abstract: A power distribution system is provided for an automobile mirror assembly or the like, and includes a flexible membrane having electrical traces electrically connected to the vehicle electrical system, and connecting sites for electrically connecting to various power consumers in the mirror assembly.Type: GrantFiled: July 30, 2002Date of Patent: July 17, 2007Assignee: Illinois Tool Works IncInventors: Cary P. Moreth, Edward Bulgajewski, Timothy A. Norris, Erik Arnold, Laurence M. Hearn, James A. Turek, Kenneth G. Irish, Michael M. Cubon
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Patent number: 7158277Abstract: An electrochromic device is provided comprising: (i) at least one material that is electrically conducting in at least one oxidation state and (ii) at least one electrochromic material, wherein said materials (i) and (ii) can be the same or different; at least one layer of a solidified electrolyte which is in direct electrical contact with said electrochromic element; and at least two electrodes comprising PEDOT-PSS, arranged side by side in a common plane and adapted for application of a voltage therebetween, one of said electrodes being in direct electrical contact with a component selected from said electrochromic element(s) and the other electrode(s) being in direct electrical contact with a component selected from said electrolyte layer(s) and said electrochromic element(s).Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 2003Date of Patent: January 2, 2007Assignee: ACREO ABInventors: Magnus Berggren, Thomas Kugler, Tommi Remonen, Jessica Häll, Anna Malmström
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Patent number: 7085033Abstract: The invention relates to an intelligent color system that recognizes the ambient color and adapts its color accordingly according to the chameleon effect. The inventive system is obtained by combining an electrochromic color system with a semi-transparent array of photodetectors, for example combinations of individual pixels that are sensitive for the different colors (red, green blue), said array being superimposed on the electrochromic color system.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 2002Date of Patent: August 1, 2006Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventors: Christoph Brabec, Hans Meixner
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Patent number: 7022210Abstract: A locally distributed electrode is made by placing a conducting metallic oxide layer and a counter electrode in contact with a noble metal electroplating solution and applying a negative potential to the metallic oxide layer relative to the counter electrode, such that the noble metal is electrodeposited from the solution preferentially at defect sites on a surface of the metallic oxide layer. The noble metal nuclei are selectively electrodeposited at the defect sites to form a locally distributed electrode made up of a dot matrix of metallic islands. For reversible electrochemical mirror (REM) devices, the presence of the noble metal renders mirror metal electrodeposition at the defect sites reversible so that the defects become part of the dot matrix electrode and extraneous deposition of the mirror metal on the conducting metallic oxide is avoided.Type: GrantFiled: August 1, 2002Date of Patent: April 4, 2006Assignee: Rockwell Scientific Licensing, LLCInventor: D. Morgan Tench
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Patent number: 7009751Abstract: The inventive electrochromic mirror may be used in a vehicle rearview mirror assembly having a light source positioned behind the electrochromic mirror for selectively projecting light through the mirror. The electrochromic mirror includes front and rear spaced elements each having front and rear surfaces and being sealably bonded together in a spaced-apart relationship to define a chamber, a layer of transparent conductive material disposed on the rear surface of the front element, an electrochromic material is contained within the chamber, and a second electrode overlies the front surface of the rear element in contact with the electrochromic material. The second electrode includes a layer of reflective material and a partially transmissive coating of and is disposed over substantially all of the front surface of the rear element. The second electrode further includes a region in front of the light source that is at least partially transmissive.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 2004Date of Patent: March 7, 2006Assignee: Gentex CorporationInventors: William L. Tonar, Jeffrey A. Forgette, John S. Anderson, Jon H. Bechtel, John W. Carter, Joseph S. Stam, David J. Cammenga
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Patent number: 7002723Abstract: In a display device, a first electrode and a second electrode are mounted on a first substrate, a second substrate is arranged to face the first substrate with a gap provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a third electrode is mounted on the second substrate. A first layer is formed in a gap between the first substrate and the second substrate at the side of the first substrate and containing a ECL material that emits light due to electrochemical oxidation or reduction. A second layer is formed in the gap between the first substrate and the second substrate at the side of the second substrate and containing a EC material having the color changed due to electrochemical oxidation or reduction.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 2004Date of Patent: February 21, 2006Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaInventors: Shintaro Enomoto, Shuichi Uchikoga, Isao Amemiya, Yutaka Nakai
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Patent number: 6958844Abstract: A rearview mirror assembly is disclosed including a housing adapted to be mounted to the vehicle, a mirror disposed in the housing, at least one electrically powered device disposed in the housing, and a power supply for receiving power from a vehicle power source having a voltage in excess of about 24 V and for supplying power at a voltage of about 5 V or less to the electrically powered device. The electrically powered device and the power supply exhibit an electromagnetic interference level of less than about 41 dB?V/m for emissions in the frequency range from about 0.4 MHz to about 20 MHz. The mirror is preferably an electrochromic mirror, and the electrically powered device may be a control circuit for the electrochromic mirror.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 2003Date of Patent: October 25, 2005Assignee: Gentex CorporationInventors: Frederick T. Bauer, Robert R. Turnbull
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Patent number: 6806995Abstract: An electrophoretic display having at least one holding electrode is disclosed. The display comprises a plurality of electrophoretic cells filled with charged particles dispersed in a dielectric solvent. Each said cell is positioned between a top electrode layer and a bottom electrode layer. The top electrode layer comprises at least one driving electrode positioned over more than one cell. The bottom electrode layer comprises at least one driving electrode positioned under more than one cell. The display further comprises a holding electrode located in the bottom electrode layer. The display may further comprise a colored background located under and visible through the bottom electrode layer.Type: GrantFiled: October 28, 2002Date of Patent: October 19, 2004Assignee: SIPIX Imaging, Inc.Inventors: Jerry Chung, David Chen