Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for fabricating polymer-based imprint lithography templates having thin metallic or oxide coated patterning surfaces. Such templates show enhanced fluid spreading and filling (even in absence of purging gases), good release properties, and longevity of use. Methods and systems for fabricating oxide coated versions, in particular, can be performed under atmospheric pressure conditions, allowing for lower cost processing and enhanced throughput.

Abstract: A display apparatus is provided. The display apparatus includes a flat display panel; a light deflector, the light deflector being located in a light emergent direction of the display panel, the light deflector being configured to converge light emitted from the display panel in a direction toward a center plane, the center plane being perpendicular to the display panel, and a vertical center line of the display panel being located in the center plane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a moth eye microstructure, an antireflective substrate, and an electronic product, and relates to display field. The method includes providing a substrate; forming a metal film layer on the substrate; etching the metal film layer to form a moth eye antireflective microstructure pattern; and oxidizing the metal film layer to form the moth eye antireflective microstructure on the substrate. The present invention can be etched to form the ideal microstructure contour and aspect ratio through the method above. The moth eye microstructure having high aspect ratio is formed.

Abstract: Provided is a display apparatus including a backlight unit; a substrate disposed above the backlight unit and including a first surface facing the backlight unit and a second surface opposite to the first surface; a plurality of color filters arranged on the second surface of the substrate; a polarizing plate disposed above the plurality of color filters; and a plurality of polarizers interposed between the polarizing plate and the backlight unit and arranged to correspond to the plurality of color filters, respectively.

Abstract: A wire grid pattern used as a wire grid polarizer included in a display device or a master substrate for fabricating the wire gird polarizer include a substrate; a cell area having a plurality of cells, each of the plurality of cells having a plurality of wires protruding from the substrate and arranged in a substantially parallel relationship at regular intervals; and a bezel area disposed along a periphery of the cell area. The cell area includes a trench area separating at least some of the cells. A method for fabricating the wire grid pattern also is disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (“LCD”) device includes: a first substrate having a first area that allows an image to be transmitted therethrough and a second area that blocks an image; a second substrate opposite to the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a polarizing layer on the second substrate. The polarizing layer may include first polarizing patterns and second polarizing patterns, wherein, in a planar view, the first polarizing patterns overlap with the first area and the second polarizing patterns overlap with the second area.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition including: a polymerizable liquid crystal compound capable of expressing birefringence with inverse wavelength dispersion; a surfactant containing a fluorine atom; and a solvent, wherein the surfactant contains a fluorine atom at a ratio of 30% by weight or less in a molecule of the surfactant.

Abstract: Provided are light source module and backlight unit. A wire grid polarizer including a substrate, and a plurality of conductive wire patterns configured to be formed parallel to one another on the substrate, wherein each of the conductive wire patterns includes a first conductive wire pattern, an insulating layer and a second conductive wire pattern and the first and second conductive wire patterns are electrically insulated from each other and have different shapes.

Abstract: A method of making a grating in a waveguide includes forming a waveguide material over a substrate, the waveguide material having a thickness less than or equal to about 100 nanometers (nm). The method further includes forming a photoresist over the waveguide material and patterning the photoresist. The method further includes forming a first set of openings in the waveguide material through the patterned substrate and filling the first set of openings with a metal material.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a wire grid polarizer, a method of manufacturing the same and a display device. The method of manufacturing the wire grid polarizer includes: forming a plurality of cuboid-shaped projections that are arranged at equal intervals and parallel to each other on a surface of a substrate; performing an evaporating operation or a sputtering operation on each projection in a predetermined direction, and forming a metal layer on at least one large side surface of the projection to obtain a wire grid of the wire grid polarizer. The large side surface is the surface of the projection having the largest area, and in a plane which is perpendicular to both the large side surface and the substrate. The predetermined direction is of a preset angle with respect to the height direction of the projection, and the preset angle is less than 90 degrees.

Abstract: A method for making a wire grid polarizer (WGP) can provide WGPs with high temperature resistance, robust wires, oxidation resistance, and corrosion protection. In one embodiment, the method can comprise: (a) providing an array of wires on a bottom protection layer; (b) applying a top protection layer on the wires, spanning channels between wires; then (c) applying an upper barrier-layer on the top protection layer and into the channels through permeable junctions in the top protection layer. In a variation of this embodiment, the method can further comprise applying a lower barrier-layer before applying the top protection layer. In another variation, the bottom protection layer and the top protection layer can include aluminum oxide. In another embodiment, the method can comprise applying on the WGP an amino phosphonate then a hydrophobic chemical.

Abstract: Optical systems including a partial reflector, a reflective polarizer, and a quarter wave retarder disposed between the partial reflector and the reflective polarizer are described. The reflective polarizer is curved about two orthogonal axes and has at least one location having a radial distance r1 from an optical axis passing through an apex of the reflective polarizer and a displacement s1 from a plane perpendicular to the optical axis at an apex of the reflective polarizer, where s1/r1 is at least 0.1. The optical system is adapted to provide an adjustable dioptric correction.

Abstract: A cube polarizing beam splitter (PBS) can have one or more of the following characteristics: high contrast (Tp/Ts), acceptance of a large range of incident angles, broadband, and symmetry. The cube PBS can include a pair of wire-grid polarizers sandwiched between a first prism and a second prism. There can be a boundary layer between the wire-grid polarizers. An optical path length of a transmitted beam can be equal or very close to an optical path length of a reflected beam.

Abstract: A wire grid polarizer (WGP) can have improved performance due to a high aspect ratio (e.g. >3, >5, >10, >15, >20, or >30), where aspect ratio equals T/W, T is a sum of a thickness of wires of the first array 11 plus a thickness of wires of the second array 12 (i.e. T=Th11+Th12), and W is a maximum width of wires of the first array 11 and/or of the second array 12. Such high aspect ratio can be achieved with two arrays of wires 11 and 12, each capped by a thin film 01 and 02.

Abstract: In order to improve a characteristic of an optical element, an optical element (polarizing filter) including a substrate 1S having a wire-grid region 1A and a peripheral region 2A positioned on an outer periphery thereof is made to have the following configuration. A wire-grid in which a plurality of line-shaped wires P10 made of Al and extending in a y direction are arranged at spaces S in an x direction is provided in the wire-grid region 1A of the substrate 1S, and a pattern (repetitive pattern) in which a plurality of protruding portions P20 made of Al are arranged is provided in the peripheral region 2A. This pattern is, for example, a checkerboard pattern. According to the above-mentioned configuration, the plurality of wires P10 can be arranged so that their respective ends are spaced apart from an end of the substrate 1S, so that the wires P10 can be prevented from being deformed and nicked.

Abstract: A wire grid polarizer (WGP) 10 can include a reflective layer 15 sandwiched on each side by a pair of transparent layers (11-12 and 13-14). An index of refraction of each outer transparent layer 11 or 14 can be greater than an index of refraction of the adjacent inner transparent layer 12 or 13, respectively. Material composition of the outer transparent layers 11 and 14 can be the same, material composition of the adjacent inner transparent layers 12 and 13 can be the same. There can be high reflection of one polarization (e.g. Rs1>93% and Rs2>93%) for light incident on either side of the WGP.

Abstract: A wire grid polarizer (WGP) 10 can include wires 15 sandwiched between a first pair of thin-film layers 21 (with a first transparent layer 11 and a second transparent layer 12) and a second pair of thin-film layers 22 (with a third transparent layer 13 and a fourth transparent layer 14). An index of refraction of each outer transparent layer 11 and 14 can be greater than an index of refraction of the adjacent inner transparent layer 12 and 13, respectively. Material composition of the outer transparent layers 11 and 14 can be the same and material composition of the adjacent inner transparent layers 12 and 13 can be the same. There can be high reflection of one polarization (e.g. Rs1>93% and Rs2>93%) for light incident on either side of the WGP. The wires 15 can be embedded for protection.

Abstract: Provided is a wire grid polarizing plate. The wire grid polarizing plate comprises a light-transmitting substrate and wire grid patterns which are disposed on the light-transmitting substrate, and which are arranged to transmit first polarized light and to reflect second polarized light polarized in a direction perpendicular to that of the first polarized light, the wire grid patterns comprising target patterns comprising conductive structures shaped as closed curves, at least one of the conductive structures surrounding another one of the conductive structures with a gap therebetween.

Abstract: An inorganic polarizing plate, containing: substrate transparent to light of bandwidth for use; and wire grid layer containing metal wires aligned on the substrate with gaps shorter than wavelength of the light, the plate satisfying formulae (1) to (3): 0 nm<(DR?DL)??Formula (1); 0 nm<|GR?GL|??Formula (2); and 0.90?SR/SL?1.30??Formula (3), where DL is distance along thickness direction of the substrate in region RL between one metal wire W and metal wire WL next to W in the wire grid layer, and DR is distance along the thickness direction of the substrate in region RR between W and metal wire WR provided next to W and at opposite side to side where WL is provided; GL is gap between W and WL, and GR is gap between W and WR; and SL is ratio of DL to GL, and SR is ratio of DR to GR.

Abstract: A polarizer includes a buffer member and linear metal patterns. The buffer member includes protrusions. Each protrusion has downwardly-increasing width. The buffer member is formed of polymer. The linear metal patterns, spaced apart from each other, are extended in a first direction. Each linear metal pattern covers a respective protrusion.

Abstract: A polarizing plate having an excellent optical property and a method of manufacturing the same. The polarizing plate includes: a transparent substrate transmitting light in a used bandwidth; an absorbing layer having at least a metal-containing semiconductor layer containing a metal, the absorbing layer being arranged as a one-dimensional lattice shaped wire-grid structure having a pitch smaller than the wavelength of the light in the used bandwidth; a dielectric layer arranged as a one-dimensional lattice shaped wire-grid structure having a pitch smaller than the wavelength of light in the used bandwidth; and a reflective layer arranged as a one-dimensional lattice shaped wire-grid structure having a pitch smaller than the wavelength of light in the used bandwidth, wherein the absorbing layer, the dielectric layer and the reflective layer are layered on the transparent substrate in this or reversed order.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided an optical grating comprising a substrate comprising a plurality of protrusions with a space in between any two adjacent protrusions; and a cap provided on at least one of the plurality of protrusions at an end that is furthest from the substrate, wherein the cap has a higher degree of optical attenuation compared to the substrate material and wherein the combination of each protrusion and the respective cap thereon has a generally symmetric cross-sectional profile.

Abstract: A wire grid polarizer (WGP) can have improved performance due to a high aspect ratio (e.g. >3, >5, >10, >15, >20, or >30), where aspect ratio equals T/W, T is a sum of a thickness of wires of the first array 11 plus a thickness of wires of the second array 12 (i.e. T=Th11+Th12), and W is a maximum width of wires of the first array 11 and/or of the second array 12. Such high aspect ratio can be achieved with two arrays of wires 11 and 12, each capped by a thin film 01 and 02.

Abstract: A wire grid polarizer plate includes: a transparent substrate through which incident light is transmitted; and a partition wall member on the transparent substrate and at which first polarized light is transmitted and second polarized light perpendicular to the first polarized light is reflected. The partition wall member is defined by: first partition walls spaced apart from each other on the transparent substrate, the first partition walls formed of a first metal; second partition walls respectively on the first partition walls, the second partition walls formed of a second metal having strength greater than that of the first metal; and third reinforced partition walls respectively on the second partition walls and having a stepped cross-sectional structure, the third partition walls formed of an oxide of the first metal, the oxide of the first metal having strength greater than the strength of the second metal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a lower display panel including a lower polarizing plate disposed between a lower transparent substrate and a passivation layer of the lower display panel; and an upper display panel including an upper polarizing plate disposed between an upper transparent substrate and a passivation layer of the upper display panel, wherein at least one of the lower polarizing plate and the upper polarizing plate is a reflection type polarizing plate and includes a plurality of linear patterns arranged so as to be extended in one direction and a hydrophobic layer covering at least portion of side wall portions of the linear patterns.

Abstract: Provided are light source module and backlight unit. A wire grid polarizer including a substrate, and a plurality of conductive wire patterns configured to be formed parallel to one another on the substrate, wherein each of the conductive wire patterns includes a first conductive wire pattern, an insulating layer and a second conductive wire pattern and the first and second conductive wire patterns are electrically insulated from each other and have different shapes.

Abstract: A wire grid polarizer (WGP) can have a conformal-coating to protect the WGP from oxidation and/or corrosion. The conformal-coating can include a barrier layer with at least one: of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon carbide, hafnium oxide, and zirconium oxide. A method of making a WGP can include applying the barrier layer over ribs of a WGP by vapor deposition.

Abstract: A wire grid polarizer (WGP) can have a conformal-coating to protect the WGP from at least one of the following: corrosion, dust, and damage due to tensile forces in a liquid on the WGP. The conformal-coating can include a silane conformal-coating with chemical formula (1), chemical formula (2), or combinations thereof: A method of applying a conformal-coating over a WGP can include exposing the WGP to Si(R1)d(R2)e(R3)g. In the above WGP and method, X can be a bond to the ribs; each R1 can be a hydrophobic group; each R3, if any, can be any chemical element or group; d can be 1, 2, or 3, e can be 1, 2, or 3, g can be 0, 1, or 2, and d+e+g=4; R2 can be a silane-reactive-group; and each R6 can be an alkyl group, an aryl group, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: An inorganic polarizing plate, which contains: a substrate transparent to light in a wavelength range for use; linear metal layers; linear dielectric layers; and linear light-absorbing layers having a light absorbing function, provided in this order, wherein the linear metal layers are aligned being apart from each other on the substrate at a pitch shorter than wavelengths of the light; each of the linear dielectric layers is provided on each of the linear metal layers; each of the linear light-absorbing layers is provided on each of the linear dielectric layers; and a cross-sectional shape of the linear metal layer cut in a direction orthogonally crossing a longitudinal direction thereof is a trapezoid with a bottom base at a side of the substrate, and an upper base at a side of the linear dielectric layer, where the bottom base is longer than the upper base.

Abstract: The subject matter described herein relates to methods and systems for fast imprinting of nanometer scale features in a workpiece. According to one aspect, a system for producing nanometer scale features in a workpiece is disclosed. The system includes a die having a surface with at least one nanometer scale feature located thereon. A first actuator moves the die with respect to the workpiece such that the at least one nanometer scale feature impacts the workpiece and imprints a corresponding at least one nanometer scale feature in the workpiece.

Abstract: A microstructure manufacturing method includes forming a first insulating film on an Si substrate, exposing an Si surface by removing a part of the first insulating film, forming a recessed portion by etching the Si substrate from the exposed Si surface, forming a second insulating film on a sidewall and a bottom of the recessed portion, forming an Si exposed surface by removing at least a part of the second insulating film formed on the bottom of the recessed portion, and filling the recessed portion with a metal from the Si exposed surface by electrolytic plating.

Abstract: The wire grid polarizer plate includes a light permeable substrate and a conductive pattern layer arranged on one surface of the light permeable substrate, the conductive pattern layer includes window regions and at least one reflective region arranged in a rectangular region which is circumscribed to the window regions, the window regions have target patterns including conductive simple closed curves surrounding in piles, spaced apart from each other at an interval of a period which is shorter than a wavelength of incident light, transmit first polarized light of the incident light and reflect second polarized light which is perpendicular to the first polarized light and the reflective regions reflect both of the first polarized light and the second polarized light.

Abstract: The invention relates to the display technology field, and particularly to a wire grid polarizer, a manufacturing method thereof, a display panel and a display device. The wire grid polarizer comprises a substrate, in which wire grid structures are arranged at intervals in an array, to allow light to penetrate from the grid pitches thereof, with the other area except the wire grid structures of the substrate being a continuous opaque area. Due to the wire grid polarizer being provided with the wire grid structures arranged at intervals in a array, local light transmitting areas can be formed, and light emergence can be controlled more flexibly. A display panel using the wire grid polarizer can effectively lower the light absorption rate, also avoid peripheral light leakage in a non-subpixel area, and prevent the light leakage of the pixels themselves; correspondingly, a display device using the display panel can improve the light utilization rate, and achieve a good display effect.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical film including an acryl-based film; and a functional coating layer formed on at least one surface of the acryl-based film, containing a conductive material and a water-dispersible resin and having surface resistance of 109 W/Sq to 1013 W/Sq.

Abstract: An aberration corrector and a method to reducing a spherical aberration are disclosed. The aberration corrector has a radial, rotationally symmetric variation of refractive index including a term varying in proportion to a fourth degree of a distance from the optical axis. Since the spherical aberration causes a wavefront deviation proportional to the fourth degree of distance from the optical axis, the spherical aberration can be reduced by the aberration corrector when its thickness causes the exact amount of the phase delay corresponding to the wavefront deviation, but with an opposite sign.

Abstract: A selectively-absorptive wire grid polarizer comprising an array of parallel, elongated rods disposed over a surface of a transparent substrate with gaps between adjacent rods, each of the rods including a reflective wire sandwiched between two absorptive ribs. A method of making this wire grid polarizer. A use of this wire grid polarizer in an image projection system.

Abstract: To provide an inorganic polarizing plate which, when used in structures having different used wavelength bands, can reduce reflectance by using a common structure, making it possible to achieve a predetermined light extinction ratio. The inorganic polarizing plate has a substrate that is transparent to light in a used bandwidth, a reflective layer that is composed of grids that are formed on one surface of the substrate with a pitch that is smaller than a wavelength of light in the used bandwidth, a dielectric layer that is stacked on the reflective layer, and an absorbing layer containing FeSi fine particles.

Abstract: A polarizer includes a base substrate and a metal pattern disposed on the base substrate and forming a wire grid. The wire grid has a width and a height and spaced apart from adjacent wire grid by a separation distance. A pitch is a sum of the width and the separation distance. A fill factor is obtained by dividing the width by the pitch. The range of the fill factor is based on an extinction ratio of polarization and a transmittance of the polarizer.

Abstract: A wire grid polarizer capable of improving light efficiency by applying a nano-wire grid pattern optimized to a LCD panel, a method of manufacturing thereof, and a liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device provided with the wire grid polarizer are provided. The wire grid polarizer of the present invention has a plurality of areas, and a shape of a wire grid pattern of an area among the plurality of areas is different from those of the other areas.

Abstract: The invention includes a selectively-absorptive wire grid polarizer (WGP) comprising an array of parallel, elongated rods located over a surface of a transparent substrate with gaps between adjacent rods. Each of the rods can include a reflective wire and two absorptive ribs. The reflective wire can be sandwiched between the two absorptive ribs and the substrate or the two absorptive ribs can be sandwiched between the reflective wire and the substrate. Each of the two absorptive ribs can comprise a different material. Use of multiple absorptive ribs within each rod can increase the effective useful bandwidth of light for selectively absorbing one polarization.

Abstract: An adhesive film for polarizing plates has a K value of about 0.2 to about 0.5, as calculated by Equation 1. A polarizing plate includes the adhesive film for polarizing plates. An optical display includes the polarizing plate. The adhesive films for polarizing plates according to embodiments of the invention suppress light leakage due to dimensional changes in the polarizing plates at high temperature and/or high humidity.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a polarizer, the method including, forming a base substrate by sequentially forming a metal layer, a guide layer, a hard mask layer, a sacrificial layer, and a first photoresist layer on a light-transmitting substrate in a panel area and an alignment key area which are spatially separated from each other, forming a first photoresist layer pattern for forming an alignment key pattern in the alignment key area by patterning the first photoresist layer, forming a sacrificial layer pattern in the alignment key area utilizing the first photoresist layer pattern as a mask, and forming a second photoresist layer on a top surface of the sacrificial layer pattern of the alignment key area before removing the sacrificial layer of an aperture area of the panel area.

Abstract: The invention relates to a grating coupler comprising: —an optical substrate arranged to transfer a light beam, and —a diffraction grating arranged on, or imbedded in, the surface of said optical substrate, said diffraction grating comprising diffraction grating elements comprising each a coating arranged asymmetrically on said diffraction grating elements. The grating coupler is further arranged to satisfy the condition: (n1×sin(I?I)+?2)/?×P>1, wherein n1 is the refractive index of the optical medium to the incident light side of the diffraction grating elements, n2 is the refractive index of the optical medium to the diffracted light side of the diffraction grating elements, lal the absolute value of the incident angle of the light beam incident on the grating coupler ? is the vacuum wavelength of the diffracted light, and P is the period of the diffraction grating elements.

Abstract: Provided are a polarized light splitting element, a method of manufacturing the same, a light radiating device, a method of radiating light, and a method of manufacturing an ordered photo-alignment film. The polarized light splitting element has excellent durability with respect to UV rays and heat, and low pitch dependence of polarization characteristics, so that it is easily manufactured. In addition, the polarized light splitting element may realize a high polarization degree and extinction ratio even in a short wavelength region.

Abstract: A polarizing element includes a transparent substrate, a reflective layer constituting, on the transparent substrate, grid-shaped convexities arrayed at a pitch smaller than a wavelength in a used optical bandwidth, a dielectric layer formed on the reflective layer, a diffusion barrier layer formed on the dielectric layer, and an absorbing layer formed on the diffusion barrier layer such that the diffusion barrier layer is sandwiched between the absorbing layer and the dielectric layer. This polarizing element has an excellent optical property and is able to prevent mixing of the absorbing layer and the dielectric layer under a high temperature.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display includes: a substrate including a plurality of pixels, a thin film transistor disposed in the pixels; an organic light emitting element connected to the thin film transistor and disposed in the pixels, an encapsulation member located on the organic light emitting element, and an external light blocking member disposed above or under the encapsulation member and including a first portion and a second portion. The first portion has a thickness that is thinner than a thickness of the second portion, and the first portion is disposed in the pixels.

Abstract: A transmitting diffraction element may include a transparent substrate, and a plurality of convex parts periodically formed on one surface of the transparent substrate, and be configured to diffract incident light to the transparent substrate. Each of the convex parts may include first, second, third, and fourth layers that are stacked on the transparent substrate. The first and third layers may be made of a material having a high refractive index, and the second and fourth layers may be made of a material having a low refractive index that is lower than the high refractive index.

Abstract: A non-reflection type grid polarizing element can stably provide a desired polarizing effect even when the grid polarizing element is used under conditions such as in an oxidizing environment (e.g., when the polarizing element is used to polarize the ultraviolet light). The grid polarizing element is easy to fabricate. The grid polarizing element selectively transmits particular polarized light among incident light through the polarizing element to polarize the incident light. The grid polarizing element includes a transparent substrate and a grid disposed on the transparent substrate. The grid has a plurality of linear portions arranged like a stripe. Each of the linear portions has a dominant layer made from titanium nitride or titanium oxynitride. The linear portions contain no simple metal layers.

Abstract: In a light converging type light guide unit for guiding light emitted from a light source to a light-receiving member having a reflection face extending from a light emission point to at least a place in the neighborhood of a light reception point of the light-receiving member, the reflection face has first and second focal points at which the light emission and reception points are disposed, respectively, and comprises an elliptical reflection face at the side of the light reception point, and a curved surface reflection face that is provided at the side of the light emission point, reflects light of the light source therefrom to the elliptical reflection face and obtains light that travels to the light reception point and is incident to the light reception point at a predetermined incidence angle or less by reflection from the elliptical reflection face.

Abstract: The absorptive wire-grid polarizer includes a periodic structure formed on a substrate surface of a dielectric substrate and constituted by a metal and one or more dielectric materials. The periodic structure has a one-dimensional grating structure in which, in a sectional plane orthogonal to a normal to the substrate surface, grating portions of a metal grating formed of the metal and grating portions of dielectric gratings formed of the one or more dielectric materials are one-dimensionally arranged with a grating period P. The Conditions of nm?1.0, km?2.0, 0.01?FF?0.25, Nb?1.40, and h?250 [nm] are satisfied where h represents an entire height of the metal and dielectric gratings, nm represents a refractive index of a real part of a complex refractive index of the metal, km represents an extinction coefficient of an imaginary part of the complex refractive index, and nb represents an average refractive index of the dielectric grating.