Abstract: An eyepiece waveguide for an augmented reality display system may include an optically transmissive substrate, an input coupling grating (ICG) region, a multi-directional pupil expander (MPE) region, and an exit pupil expander (EPE) region. The ICG region may receive an input beam of light and couple the input beam into the substrate as a guided beam. The MPE region may include a plurality of diffractive features which exhibit periodicity along at least a first axis of periodicity and a second axis of periodicity. The MPE region may be positioned to receive the guided beam from the ICG region and to diffract it in a plurality of directions to create a plurality of diffracted beams. The EPE region may overlap the MPE region and may out couple one or more of the diffracted beams from the optically transmissive substrate as output beams.

Abstract: A structured light projector is disclosed, which includes a first light source, a second light source, an optical refractive element and an optical shaper. The first light source and the second light source are configured to respectively emit first incoherent light and second incoherent light. The optical refractive element is arranged over the first and second light sources for refracting the first incoherent light and the second incoherent light. The optical shaper element is arranged over the optical refractive element for shaping the first incoherent light to generate first structured light with plural first optical patterns and shaping the second incoherent light to generate second structured light with plural second optical patterns, in which the first structured light and the second structured light are overlapped onto a region of space.

Abstract: A diffractive optical device includes at least one diffractive optical element. The diffractive optical element generates light having a first order and light having a second order from a laser beam input to the diffractive optical element. The diffractive optical element includes a first phase pattern and a second phase pattern. The first phase pattern converts the laser beam into a line beam. The second phase pattern diffracts the laser beam in a short axis direction of the line beam to generate the light having the first order and the light having the second order. A first focal plane of the light having the first order is located at a position different from a second focal plane of the light having the second order on an optical axis of the laser beam.

Abstract: Method of exposing a substrate by a patterned radiation beam, comprising: —providing a radiation beam; —imparting the radiation beam by an array of individually controllable elements; —generating, from the radiation beam, a patterned radiation beam, by tilting the individually controllable elements between different positions about a tilting axis; —projecting the patterned radiation beam towards a substrate; —scanning a substrate across the patterned radiation beam in a scanning direction so as to expose the substrate to the patterned radiation beam, whereby the tilting axis of the individually controllable elements is substantially perpendicular to the scanning direction.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a display panel, a first optical part, and a second optical part including a diffraction optical element having a diffraction grating. The display panel include a first display area for displaying a first image having a first color, a second display area disposed adjacent to the first display area to display a second image having a second color different from the first color, and a third display area disposed adjacent to the second display area to display a third image having a third color different from the first color and the second color.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for associating a marking with an object, including the following steps: —identifying the position of at least two different elements of the marking in relation to the marking and/or the object; and—measuring a relative distance between at least two identified elements; then—recording in a database the position of at least two identified elements, and the relative distance between the identified elements so that the position of two identified elements is correlated with the measurement relating to their distance.

Abstract: A display apparatus including a volume grating-based combiner is disclosed. The display apparatus includes: an image providing device; and a combiner, wherein the combiner includes a plurality of volume gratings configured to diffract light containing an image, which is emitted from the image providing device, each volume grating has a first surface and a second surface facing each other, and each volume grating is further configured to diffract light incident on the first surface and transmit therethrough light incident on the second surface without diffraction.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a head-mounted, near-eye display system comprises a stack of waveguides having integral spacers separating the waveguides. The waveguides may each include diffractive optical elements that are formed simultaneously with the spacers by imprinting. The spacers are disposed on one major surface of each of the waveguides and indentations are provided on an opposite major surface of each of the waveguides. The indentations are sized and positioned to align with the spacers, thereby forming a self-aligned stack of waveguides. Tops of the spacers may be provided with light scattering features, anti-reflective coatings, and/or light absorbing adhesive to prevent light leakage between the waveguides. As seen in a top-down view, the spacers may be elongated along the same axis as the diffractive optical elements. The waveguides may include structures (e.g.

Abstract: A VCSEL array may include a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of emitters on the substrate that conforms to an emitter pattern. The emitter pattern may be oriented at a non-zero angle to an edge of the substrate and may comprise two or more unit cells arranged to form the emitter pattern. Each unit cell, of the two or more unit cells, may include a same number of emitters, and the two or more unit cells may be arranged to cause a measurement of misalignment associated with two adjacent unit cells, of the two or more unit cells, to satisfy a misalignment threshold.

Abstract: A cascaded focusing and compressing postcompression system includes at least one CASCADE (cascaded focusing and compressing) module. The CASCADE module includes a focusing unit and a compressing unit. The focusing unit is for nonlinear broadening a bandwidth of the light pulses. The compressing unit is for shortening a pulse duration of the light pulses.

Abstract: Aspects relate to a compact material analyzer including a light source, a detector, and a module including a first optical window on a first side of the module, a second optical window on a second side of the module opposite the first side, and a light modulator. The light source produces input light at a high power that is passed through the first optical window to the light modulator. The light modulator is configured to attenuate the input light, produce modulated light based on the input light, and direct the modulated light through the second optical window to the sample. The modulated light produced by the light modulator is at a lower power safe for the sample. The detector is configured to receive output light from the sample produced from interaction with the modulated light through the second optical window and to detect a spectrum of the output light.

Abstract: In one aspect, an optical device comprises a plurality of waveguides formed over one another and having formed thereon respective diffraction gratings, wherein the respective diffraction gratings are configured to diffract visible light incident thereon into respective waveguides, such that visible light diffracted into the respective waveguides propagates therewithin. The respective diffraction gratings are configured to diffract the visible light into the respective waveguides within respective field of views (FOVs) with respect to layer normal directions of the respective waveguides. The respective FOVs are such that the plurality of waveguides are configured to diffract the visible light within a combined FOV that is continuous and greater than each of the respective FOVs.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for designing a diffractive optical element, characterized in comprising: S101: obtaining a first optical field pattern on a target plane; S102: converting the first optical field pattern on the target plane into a second optical field pattern on a spherical surface; S103: compensating for missing points of the second optical field pattern on the spherical surface, and matching grayscale values, so as to obtain a corrected third optical field pattern; and S104: obtaining a phase distribution of the diffractive optical element according to the third optical field pattern. By means of the design method, the projection quality of a diffractive optical element is improved.

Abstract: A portable electronic device may include a housing, a display at least partially within the housing, a front cover coupled to the housing and positioned over the display, and a biometric sensor module configured to illuminate an object and capture an image of the object through the front cover. The biometric sensor module may include a first lens positioned below the front cover, a first light source positioned below the first lens and configured to project, through the first lens, a dot pattern on the object, a second light source positioned below the first lens and configured to illuminate, through the first lens, the object with a flood of light, a second lens positioned below the front cover, and a light sensor positioned below the second lens and configured to capture an image of the object.

Abstract: A method of determining a desired relative position between a first object of a lithographic apparatus and a second object of the lithographic apparatus. Generating a measurement signal representing a position of the first object relative to the second object, at an initial relative position. Determining a gradient associated with the initial relative position, based on the measurement signal. Determining a position set point based on the gradient and wherein the position set point comprises a three-dimensional dither signal. Controlling the position of the first object relative to the second object to a further relative position, based on the position set point.

Abstract: A waveguide assembly is provided. The waveguide assembly includes a pair of pupil-replicating waveguides. The first pupil-replicating waveguide is configured for receiving an input beam of image light and providing an intermediate beam comprising multiple offset portions of the input beam. The second pupil-replicating waveguide is configured for receiving the intermediate beam from the first pupil-replicating waveguide and providing an output beam comprising multiple offset portions of the intermediate beam. The input beam may be expanded by the waveguide assembly in such a manner that pupil gaps are reduced or eliminated.

Abstract: An optical reflective device for pupil equalization including at least one or more grating structures within a grating medium is disclosed. The grating structures may have reflective axes that need not be constrained to surface normal. The grating structures are configured to reflect light about substantially constant reflective axes across a relatively wide range of wavelengths. The optical reflective device may reflect light towards a specific location, such as an exit pupil or eye box. Each grating structure within the device may be configured to reflect light of a particular wavelength at a plurality of incidence angles.

Abstract: A structured light system may include a semiconductor laser to emit light and a diffractive optical element to diffract the light such that one or more diffracted orders of the light, associated with forming a structured light pattern, are transmitted by the diffractive optical element. The diffractive optical element may be arranged such that the light is to be incident on the diffractive optical element at a substantially non-normal angle of incidence. The substantially non-normal angle of incidence may be designed to cause the diffractive optical element to transmit a zero-order beam of the light outside of a field of view associated with the diffractive optical element.

Abstract: A metallic grating is formed to include a substrate; a plurality of high aspect ratio trenches disposed in the substrate such that the high aspect ratio trenches are spaced apart from one another by a field surface of the substrate; a metallic superconformal filling formed and disposed in the high aspect ratio trenches; and a grating including a spatial arrangement of the high aspect ratio trenches that are filled with the metallic superconformal filling such that the metallic superconformal filling is void-free, and the high aspect ratio trenches are bottom-up filled with the metallic superconformal filling, wherein a height of the metallic superconformal filling is less than or equal to the height of the high aspect ratio trenches.

Abstract: A waveguide display includes a waveguide and a staircase structure coupled to the waveguide. The waveguide includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a holographic material layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. The holographic material layer includes a first grating and a second grating. The staircase structure is positioned on top of at least a portion of the first grating but not on top of the second grating. The staircase structure includes an input grating that is on top of the first grating and is configured to couple display light into the waveguide. The first grating is configured to redirect the display light coupled into the waveguide by the input grating towards the second grating.

Abstract: A privacy display provides a private image exclusively visible within a viewing cone of a viewbox. The privacy display includes a light guide to guide light, a diffraction grating configured to diffractively couple out a portion of the guided light as diffractively coupled-out light and to direct the diffractively coupled-out light into the viewbox, and a light valve array configured to modulate the diffractively coupled-out light to provide the private image. An extent of the viewbox is determined by a collimation factor of the guided light. A dual-mode privacy display system further includes a broad-angle backlight configured to provide broad-angle light to separately provide a public image visible both inside and outside the viewing cone. The private image may be provided in a privacy mode and the public image may be provided in a public mode of the dual-mode privacy display system.

Abstract: In various embodiments, laser devices include a thermal bonding layer featuring an array of carbon nanotubes and at least one metallic thermal bonding material.

Abstract: There are provided an excellent diffractive optical element having a small amount of flare coloring and unaffected optical performance with a decrease in diffraction efficiency minimized and an optical system and an optical apparatus using the diffractive optical element. A diffractive optical element GD used in an optical system OL of a camera 1, which is an optical apparatus, and including a diffraction grating so that the diffractive optical element GD serves as a lens is so configured that the grating height h0 of the diffraction grating in a central region Ac around an optical axis Z is smaller than the grating height hmax of the diffraction grating in a peripheral region Ap.

Abstract: To provide a diffractive optical element having a high light utilization efficiency, whereby light spots having a predetermined pattern can be stably formed, a projection device and a measuring device.

Abstract: A waveguide comprises a first surface and a second surface. The first surface comprises a first plurality of grating structures. The waveguide is configured to guide an in-coupled light beam to undergo total internal reflection between the first surface and the second surface. The first grating structures are configured to disrupt the total internal reflection to cause at least a portion of the in-coupled light beam to couple out of the waveguide and project from the first surface, the portion of the in-coupled light beam coupled out of the waveguide forming out-coupled light beams, the out-coupled light beams being configured to form an array of dots on a surface where the out-coupled light beams are projected on.

Abstract: A device includes a plurality of imaging pixels in a spatial pattern with a formation of features disposed over the pixels. A first and a second feature of the formation of features are disposed over a first pixel. A first luminophore is disposed within or over the first feature. A second luminophore is disposed within or over the second feature. A structured illumination source is to direct at least a portion of first photons in an illumination pattern to the first feature at a first time, and to direct at least a portion of second photons in the illumination pattern to the second feature at a second time. The structured illumination source includes an illumination pattern generator having an illumination pattern generator actuator connected to the illumination pattern generator to cause the illumination pattern to translate or rotate relative to the formation of features.

Abstract: Systems integrating display resolution-multiplication solutions can be implemented in a variety of different ways. In many embodiments, the system includes an image projector for projecting image light, an image processor for computing a native image and at least one image shifted in a predefined direction, and at least one switchable grating capable of being switched between diffracting and non-diffracting states. In some embodiments, the switchable grating is optically coupled to the image projector. In a number of embodiments, the switchable gratings have a first configuration for propagating the native image light and at least one other configuration for propagating shifted image light having an angular displacement corresponding to the image shift in a predefined direction. By displaying the native and shifted images sequentially within a human eye integration period, the display resolution can be multiplied.

Abstract: An optical targeting device comprised of a support body, an imaging waveguide joined to and in a position relative to the support body, and a light source mounted on the support body. The imaging waveguide is comprised of an input diffractive optic, and an output diffractive optic. The light source is located to direct a targeting light beam to the input diffractive optic of the imaging waveguide. In operation of the optical targeting device, the imaging waveguide simultaneously transmits incoming light from a scene viewable by a user of the device through the light transmissive body, and propagates the targeting light beam from the input diffractive optic laterally through the light transmissive body and directs the targeting light beam outwardly from the output diffractive optic, thereby rendering the targeting light beam as a point of light superimposed within the scene viewable by the user.

Abstract: A system is provided. The system includes a waveguide configured to guide an image light to propagate inside the waveguide. The system also includes a plurality of diffractive components coupled to the waveguide and switchable between operating in a diffraction state to direct the image light from the waveguide to an eye-box of the system, and operating in a non-diffraction state to transmit a light from a real-world environment to the eye-box. The system further includes a controller coupled with the plurality of diffractive components and configured to switch each of the plurality of diffractive components between operating in the diffraction state during a virtual-world subframe of a display frame and operating in the non-diffraction state during a real-world subframe of the display frame.

Abstract: An optical device includes a refractive prism including a first surface facing an object, a second surface facing a first lens, and a third surface configured to reflect incident light to change a path of the incident light, one of the first surface, the second surface, or both the first and the second surface includes a pattern such that the refractive prism is a diffractive optical element; and a plurality of lenses including the first lens.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are metasurfaces formed on a substrate from a plurality of posts. The metasurfaces are configured to be optically active at one or more wavelengths and in certain embodiments are configured to form lenses having unexpectedly strong focusing power. In particular, the metasurfaces are formed from “low-contrast” materials, including CMOS-compatible materials such as silicon dioxide or silicon nitride. Accordingly, the disclosed metasurfaces are generally CMOS compatible and therefore embody a new paradigm in metasurface design and manufacturing.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an imaging system as well as to a corresponding imaging system. The method includes providing a substrate; and forming, by means of a 3D-printing technique, a 3D structure on the substrate, wherein the forming of the 3D structure includes forming a stack of at least two diffractive optical elements in a single printing step.

Abstract: A wearable display device is provided, including a first optical waveguide lens and a first projection assembly. The first optical waveguide lens has a first area and a second area. The first projection assembly disposed on the first optical waveguide lens projects a plurality of lights and includes a first light projector and a second light projector. The first and second light projectors are disposed in different positions on the first optical waveguide lens in the first direction, and the first light projector and the second light projector do not overlap in the second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are not parallel. The first light projector projects a first light to the first area, and the second light projector projects a second light to the second area, and the first light does not overlap with the second light in the second direction.

Abstract: A diffraction device includes a ZnS member and a ZnSe member coupled to the ZnS member, and a diffraction grating is provided on the ZnSe member.

Abstract: Provided is a lens apparatus attachable and removable to a camera apparatus, the lens apparatus comprising a communication device configured to transmit, to an external device, information for light amount compensation of image data obtained by image pickup in the camera apparatus, in which the information includes information of a coefficient A0 of a term of 0-th-order with respect to an image height in a polynomial of n-th-order with respect to the image height, and in which a conditional expression 0.7<A0(Z)×(Fw/F(Z))2<1.3 is satisfied where A0(Z) represents the coefficient A0 at a zoom state Z, F(Z) represents an effective F-number at the zoom state Z, and Fw represents an effective F-number at a wide angle end.

Abstract: An imaging lens system includes a plastic lens element, a lens barrel and a light-absorbing coating layer. The plastic lens element is accommodated in the lens barrel and has an outer annular surface. The lens barrel includes a plate portion and a lateral wall portion. An optical axis of the imaging lens system passes through a light-passable hole of the plate portion. The lateral wall portion is connected to the plate portion and extends along a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis. The light-absorbing coating layer has an inner surface and an outer surface. The inner surface faces and is fixed on the outer annular surface of the plastic lens element. The outer surface is located opposite to the inner surface and in physical contact with the lateral portion of the lens barrel.

Abstract: Examples of light projector systems and methods of use. A method can include providing an optical device having a first surface, a second surface normal to the first surface, and a third surface arranged at an angle to the second surface. The third surface can be reflective to light of a first state and transmissive to light of a second state. An input beam having the first state can be normally incident on the first surface. A transmissive diffractive optical element on the first surface can convert the input beam into at least a first diffracted beam directed toward the third surface, where it is reflected by the third surface in a direction substantially parallel to the first surface. The reflected first diffracted beam can be modulated with image information using a spatial light modulator to produce a modulated light beam having the second state.

Abstract: A display device according to the present disclosure includes an imaging light generating device configured to emit imaging light, a first diffraction element configured to diffract the imaging light emitted from the imaging light generating device, a second diffraction element configured to diffract the imaging light diffracted by the first diffraction element to form an exit pupil, and an optical filter disposed between the imaging light generating device and the exit pupil, and configured to attenuate a band on a short wavelength side of a peak wavelength of red light included in the imaging light emitted from the imaging light generating device.

Abstract: An optical device includes a light source assembly configured to generate an image light; and at least one waveguide including an in-coupling element and an out-coupling element configured to transmit, via the at least one waveguide, a plurality of light fields of the image light to an eye-box of the optical device, in a time-multiplexing manner. At least one of the in-coupling element or the out-coupling element includes at least one switchable diffractive optical grating, which includes a surface relief grating (SRG) filled with an optically anisotropic material having a first principal refractive index along a groove direction of the SRG and a second principal refractive index along an in-plane direction perpendicular to the groove direction. One of the first and second refractive principal refractive indices substantially matches a refractive index of the SRG, and the other mismatches.

Abstract: An optical multiplexer includes: an incident surface on which incident light beams having different wavelengths are to be incident; a reflection portion configured to reflect the incident light beams; and an emission surface configured to emit reflected light beams reflected by the reflection portion. The incident surface has adjacent condenser lenses corresponding to the respective incident light beams. The reflection portion has adjacent reflection surfaces configured to reflect the respective incident light beams which have been condensed. The adjacent reflection surfaces are respectively disposed so that angle ? formed by the respective reflected light beams reflected by the adjacent reflection surfaces is smaller than angle ? formed by the respective incident light beams which have been condensed. The emission surface has diffraction grating in which the respective reflected light beams reflected by the adjacent reflection surfaces are to be incident at a same position and diffracted in a same direction.

Abstract: A virtual image display apparatus includes an imaging light emitting unit configured to emit imaging light, and a light-guiding unit configured to guide the imaging light. The light-guiding unit is configured by arranging a first, a second, a third, and a fourth optical system in the stated order in a travel direction of the imaging light. The first optical system forms a first intermediate image of the imaging light. The second optical system includes a first diffraction element forming a pupil between the second and the fourth optical system. The third optical system forms a second intermediate image. The fourth optical system includes a second diffraction element forming an exit pupil by diffracting the imaging light. At the exit pupil, luminance of pixels at a central position of the imaging light and luminance of pixels at end positions of the imaging light differ.

Abstract: Provided is a hyperspectral sensor including a spectral angle converting unit configured to convert an angle of incident light differently according to a wavelength, a diffraction unit configured to selectively diffract the incident light according to an incident angle and a wavelength, a focusing optics including at least one lens, and configured to collect diffracted light passing through the diffraction unit, and an image sensor configured to acquire an image passing through the focusing optics and formed on a focal plane, wherein the diffraction unit includes a volume Bragg grating having a periodic refractive index distribution therein.

Abstract: A system and method for a head up display (HUD) can mitigate glare. The head up display can include a waveguide combiner including an input grating and an output grating and a glare mitigator disposed to prevent glare through the output grating from reaching an eye box. The glare mitigator can be a shade, a diffuser, a dimming element, or other device for mitigating glare. The glare mitigator can be an active or passive glare mitigator.

Abstract: Some embodiments relate to a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) device including a VCSEL structure overlying a substrate. The VCSEL structure includes a first reflector, a second reflector, and an optically active region disposed between the first and second reflectors. A first spacer laterally encloses the second reflector. The first spacer comprises a first plurality of protrusions disposed along a sidewall of the second reflector.

Abstract: A reflex site having a superluminescent micro-display, dynamic reticle, and metadata overlay is provided.

Abstract: Structures including a grating coupler and methods of forming a structure that includes a grating coupler. The grating coupler includes segments that are positioned with a spaced relationship on a slab layer. The segments contain an active material configured to have a first state with a first refractive index and a second state with a second refractive index in response to an applied stimulus. The first and second states may be produced by applying different sets of bias voltages to the segments as the applied stimulus.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a computer system, a computer program product, and a method that comprises identifying a first user of a plurality of users; identifying a location for the first user; transmitting input of the first user to a server computing device; and simultaneously displaying multiple personalized, dynamic displays using diffraction grating based off of input of the first user and location of the first user.

Abstract: A device and a method, by means of which energy can be supplied to a retinal implant (12) via infrared radiation, are provided. To this end, infrared light is coupled in from an infrared light source (14), for example into a spectacle lens (13), and coupled out toward an eye (10) by way of an output coupling device (17) in order to illuminate the retinal implant (12).

Abstract: A surface-relief grating includes a base surface-relief grating comprising a plurality of ridges that include a first material, and a second material on only a top surface or a single sidewall of each ridge of the plurality of ridges, where the second material is different from the first material. A method of fabricating the surface-relief grating includes etching or molding a base surface-relief grating that includes a plurality of ridges, depositing a material layer on the plurality of ridges, and selectively etching the material layer to increase a height or a slant angle of an edge of a ridge in the plurality of ridges to make the surface-relief grating that includes the base surface-relief grating.

Abstract: A diffraction grating includes a substrate and an array of triangular ridges extending from the substrate. The ridges run parallel to one another and have triangular cross-sections such that first sides of the ridges face in a first direction and adjacent second sides of the ridges face in a second, different direction. An array of grating lines is disposed over the first sides of the array of ridges, each grating line of the array of grating lines comprising a slab of transparent material supported by the first side of a corresponding ridge of the array of ridges. A refractive index of the array of grating lines is different from a refractive index of the array of ridges.