Abstract: A multilayered printed matter includes a group of print layers formed on a medium. The group of layers include a front layer and a back layer on which patterns are printed, a white layer, and a black layer. The white layer is interposed between the front layer and the back layer to conceal the back layer to be invisible from the side of the front layer. The white layer reflects incident light from the side of the front layer to allow the front layer to be visible from the side of the front layer. The black layer is interposed between the white layer and the back layer to conceal the back layer to be invisible from the side of the front layer. In comparison between the black layer and the white layer that are equal in thickness, the black layer exerts a higher light blocking effect than the white layer.

Abstract: An optical element having an area in which a transmittance changes in a first direction, the optical element includes a substrate and a first layer in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. A thickness of the first layer in the second direction changes in the first direction, and the extinction coefficient of the first layer changes in the first direction. A predetermined conditional expression is satisfied.

Abstract: A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system includes a light detector having a first scanning mirror and a light sensor aligned with the first scanning mirror. The first scanning mirror is configured to rotate about a first axis and to reflect incident light pulses toward the light sensor at different angles of rotation with respect to the first axis. The light sensor is configured to detect reflected light pulses from the first scanning mirror over a range of the angles of rotation. An input area of the light detector has a non-uniform sensitivity response along a first direction.

Abstract: A system includes a laser emitting a laser beam, a beam expander expanding the laser beam, a beam splitter prism splitting the expanded laser beam into first and second split light beams, a liquid crystal box containing polymer-dispersed liquid crystal, first and second reflectors reflecting the first and second split light beams to the liquid crystal box, respectively, and an attenuator arranged on an optical path between the beam expander and the liquid crystal box. The attenuator gradually attenuates at least one of the laser beam, the expanded laser beam, the first split light beam, or the second split light beam along a first set curve. The first split light beam and the second split light beam form interference fringes at the liquid crystal box to expose the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal to form a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating having a diffraction efficiency decreasing along a second set curve.

Abstract: An imaging optical system according to the present disclosure includes: a lens; and an optical member, in which the optical member is configured such that a light transmittance value at least in a peripheral portion is larger than a light transmittance value in a central portion. Furthermore, a camera module according to the present disclosure includes the imaging optical system of the present disclosure. Furthermore, an electronic device according to the present disclosure includes a solid-state imaging element and the imaging optical system of the present disclosure.

Abstract: An optical filter includes a binder resin matrix, and a light absorbent dispersed in the binder resin matrix. The binder resin matrix in which the light absorbent is dispersed is composed of a single layer, and the binder resin matrix includes n zones (where n is an integer ranging from 3 to 7) equally divided in a thickness direction of the matrix. The binder resin matrix has one or more zones in which 40% or more of the total amount of the light absorbent is dispersed, and has one or more zones in which 10% or less of the total amount of the light absorbent is dispersed.

Abstract: The invention provides a lighting unit (1000) comprising a lighting device (100), wherein the lighting device (100) comprises a light source (10) configured to provide light source light (11) and beam shaping optics (20) configured to shape the light source light into a lighting device beam (101), wherein the lighting device (100) comprises a window (30) comprising an upstream face (31) directed to the light source (10) and a downstream face (32), wherein the lighting unit (1000) further comprises a beam modifier (200) configured adjacent to the window (30) and configured to intercept at least part of said lighting device beam (101), wherein the lighting device (100) and the beam modifier (200) are configured to modify said lighting device beam (101) to provide a lighting unit beam (1001) downstream from said beam modifier (200), wherein the beam modifier (200) comprises a printed beam modifying element (210).

Abstract: A system comprising a light source configured to illuminate a sample under measurement. The system includes a detector configured to receive reflected light from the sample, and the detector generates a signal representing the reflected light. A spatially variable filter (SVF) is positioned in the optical path. The SVF is configured to have spectral properties that vary as a function of illuminated position on the SVF.

Abstract: Various types of illuminators for plenoptic otoscopes. The illuminators provide illuminating light to image the inside of the ear.

Abstract: A color filter and a manufacturing method thereof are provided, in which a stacked structure composed of several color film layers having different colors is formed in a non-transmitting partitioning region of the color filter in such a way that the stacked structure can prevent light from passing through the color filter via the partitioning region.

Abstract: The present invention relates in part to a print method for an arbitrary grey scale image on a transparent substrate such as glass. The present invention makes use of a printer that can print in continuous grey tones. The printed material should be transparent and resistant to the light which passes through it in a projection system. The present invention also provides a continuous grey scale filter made by a printing techniques using liquid inks or toners. Such a continuous grey scale filter can be used for blending multiple images in a multichannel projector system. The present invention also provides a multichannel projector system using the continuous grey scale filter.

Abstract: An optical device and a method of using an optical filter are provided. The optical device includes an optical filter and a narrowband optical source. The optical filter has a refractive index that varies along a length of the optical filter. The narrowband optical source is in optical communication with the optical filter and is configured to generate light having a wavelength at or in the vicinity of at least one of a wavelength corresponding to a local transmission maximum and a wavelength corresponding to a maximum slop of the group index spectrum of the optical filter.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a light-emitting device includes an optical part which is configured to prevent the formation of a residual film and to enhance light extraction efficiency. In one embodiment, an optical part as a reflective plate is arranged on a light extraction side of a light-emitting panel. In one embodiment, a plurality of optical function elements are formed independently of one another on a base of the optical part. In one embodiment, a residual film which is an optically unnecessary part between the base and the plurality of optical function elements is eliminated to prevent unnecessary light guiding, reflection or the like to the residual film. In one embodiment, in a light-emitting device including the optical part, stray light due to unnecessary light guiding or reflection to the residual film is reduced, and an improvement in light extraction efficiency achievable.

Abstract: A parking assistant includes: shooting part shooting surroundings; parking target position setter setting parking target position in surroundings image by shooting part; rearward movement starting position calculator calculating rearward movement starting position based on: target position by position setter, and vehicle's movable area, rearward movement starting position denoting position stopping vehicle and starting rearward movement of vehicle, to park vehicle in target position; movement calculator sensing movement direction and movement amount of vehicle; and image generator superposing an information image on surroundings image based on movement direction and amount which are sensed with movement calculator. Information image denotes rearward movement starting position for allowing vehicle to be parked in target position.

Abstract: A light-blocking mask layer (3) having such light transmittance characteristics that an amount of transmitted light decreases gradually as it advances in a radial direction Fr from a center of optical axis Cs is formed on a surface of a flat transparent substrate at least having a light transmittance of 80% or higher using at least a dot pattern Pd formed of a large number of dots d, having a light transmittance of 20% or lower.

Abstract: A method and structure for terminating an optical fiber are disclosed that provide an optical fiber termination structure with a small volume and very low return loss, even when the termination is in close proximity to reflective surfaces. In one example embodiment, the optical fiber termination reduces reflections into the one or more cores to a return loss of ?70 dB or less regardless of the presence of surfaces proximate the optical fiber termination. At the same time, a length of the optical fiber termination is less than 5 mm and a largest transverse dimension of the optical fiber termination is less than 325 um. The optical fiber termination is useful in fiber sensing applications in general and is particularly effective for terminating a multi-core fiber used in a distributed shape sensing application.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a system including light processing elements, arranged in a respective installation area and combined with a respective construction, at least partially above and/or next to an occupational or passage space, whereby said light processing elements or respective constructions produce a general light distribution over said occupational or passage space, that is more favorable in terms of visual performance and comfort, and that may assist and adjust to activities requiring different levels thereof. The inventive system is used for energy and/or information conversion and distribution, as part of one construction or clusters of constructions, for example disposed along traffic ways.

Abstract: An article for use in an OCT method, the article comprising a solid substrate and nanoparticles dispersed in or on the substrate in at least one light transmissive portion of the article such that the nanoparticles result in an increased extinction of the light transmissive portion along a transmission direction of the light transmissive portion compared to the substrate being free of nanoparticles. The extinction of the light transmissive portion along the transmission direction is less than 6, wherein the extinction is defined as a negative decadic logarithm of a ratio of an intensity of light which is transmitted through the light transmissive portion to an intensity of light which is incident on the light transmissive portion, wherein the light is in at least one of a visible and a near infrared wavelength range.

Abstract: An ND filter that enables relatively easy control of light quantity when used in an iris device and realizes excellent optical performance. The ND filter has a first region having an ND film with a uniform density, a second region having an ND film with a uniform density different from the density of the first region, and a density transition region provided between the first region and the second region. The density transition region has an ND film whose density changes continuously from the density of the first region to the density of the second region.

Abstract: An optical mechanism for a camera having a camera aperture includes an indexing stage movable between at least two distinct positions. At least a first fixed diameter apodized aperture is mounted on the stage and configured to be aligned with the camera aperture in one of the distinct positions of the indexing stage, and wherein the first fixed diameter apodized aperture is not aligned with the camera aperture in the other of the distinct positions of the indexing stage. The stage can include multiple fixed diameter apodized apertures of distinct effective diameters each of which can be selectively aligned with the camera aperture. The mechanism includes an actuator for moving the stage between each of said distinct positions. Methods for mass producing the fixed diameter apodized aperture are disclosed using dye diffusion into optical elements via various methods, and various casting and molding formation techniques.

Abstract: Color correction system for an automated stage light that allows the color temperature of the light beam to be continuously adjustable to both a higher and lower Kelvin value than the natural temperature of the open beam, by filtering using a dual peak filter and also color correcting the beam.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system for an apodization mask composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for absorbing unwanted stray light. An apodization mask is a precise pattern or shape that is mathematically derived using light scattering measurement techniques to achieve optimal light absorption. Also disclosed herein is an apparatus for a duplex telescope with stray light suppressing capabilities comprising: a primary mirror for transmitting and receiving light; a secondary mirror for defocusing transmitted light onto the primary mirror and for focusing received light; a photodetector which receives light; a laser transmitter which transmits light; and an apodization mask for absorbing stray transmitted light.

Abstract: A spectral reflectance in the entire visible wavelength range may be decreased to decrease inconveniences in an image such as flare or ghost. A non-reflective periodic layer including a large number of fine uneven periodic structure bodies is formed on a substrate, and a neutral density (“ND”) film is formed on the other surface of the substrate by vacuum deposition, to improve an anti-reflection function. Regarding a beam entering the ND filter, the MgF2 film of the formed ND film suppresses the spectral reflectance at the boundary of the atmosphere and the ND film and at the boundary of the ND film and the substrate. The non-reflective periodic layer decreases the reflectance at the boundary of the substrate and the atmosphere.

Abstract: Optical filters, their production and their uses are provided. The optical filters have heat-resistant, mechanically stable absorption layers or filter layers. The optical filters can be absorption filters or ND filters. The filter layer includes filter particles dispersed in a matrix. The filter particles have a constant absorption over a wide wavelength range. The matrix includes a heat-resistant binder.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for attenuating light transmitted through a surface. The apparatus may include a light attenuator comprised of a substrate and an electrostatic layer. The electrostatic layer may be configured to electrostatically couple with the surface. The electrostatic layer may also electrostatically couple with the substrate. The substrate, the electrostatic layer or layers, or a light attenuating substance combined with at least one of the substrate and the electrostatic layer may attenuate light transmitted through the surface. The method may include positioning the light attenuator on the surface between the light source and the light receiver.

Abstract: Color correction system for an automated stage light that allows the color temperature of the light beam to be continuously adjustable to both a higher and lower Kelvin value than the natural temperature of the open beam, by filtering using a dual peak filter and also color correcting the beam.

Abstract: A system of a magnetic attachment handle and attachment devices includes an attachment handle and a plurality of devices. Each of plurality of devices includes a device magnet which attaches with a handle magnet of the attachment handle so that the attachment handle can be interchangeably attached with a chosen device from the plurality of devices. The chosen device that attaches with the attachment handle is selected by a user as the plurality of devices can be different from one another.

Abstract: There is provided an optical limiter device for protecting an object from incident light having a wavelength in the visible, infrared or ultraviolet spectrum. The device comprises a plurality of nanoparticles of a metallic material including free electrons that undergo collective oscillations when exposed to the incident light. The plurality of nanoparticles of the metallic material include a plurality of nanoparticles of a non-spherical particle geometry, which may include a geometry having a plurality of sharp protrusions on a spherical body. The metallic material may include gold, silver, aluminum, indium or copper. The device further comprises a structurally rigid transparent medium in which the plurality of nanoparticles of the metallic material are embedded; and a mechanical support mounting the transparent medium between the incident light and the object.

Abstract: Color correction system for an automated stage light that allows the color temperature of the light beam to be continuously adjustable to both a higher and lower Kelvin value than the natural temperature of the open beam, by filtering using a dual peak filter and also color correcting the beam.

Abstract: There is provided an integrated wide viewing film including: a first film having an optical axis located in-plan; and a second film having an optical axis located in a thickness direction thereof, and inclined at a predetermined angle in an in-plane direction. The IPS-LCD employing the integrated wide viewing film can be significantly improved in a contrast ratio in a diagonal direction.

Abstract: A decorative coating and a method for forming a decorative coating on a substrate (2). The decorative coating comprises an absorbing film (1) to attenuate the transmission of visible light through the coating. The method comprises the steps of bringing the substrate (2) into a reaction space, and depositing the absorbing film (1) on the substrate (2). Depositing the absorbing film (1) on the substrate comprises the steps of forming a preliminary deposit of transition metal oxide on the deposition surface and subsequently purging the reaction space, and treating the deposition surface with an organometallic chemical comprising first metal and subsequently purging the reaction space. The steps of forming the preliminary deposit and treating the deposition surface are alternately repeated to increase absorption of the absorbing film (1).

Abstract: A gradient tinted shield may include one or more areas of gradient opacity, varying vertically from a user's eyeline. In one implementation, two areas of gradient opacity are located on the gradient tinted shield, one above the user's eyeline and one below the user's eyeline. Further, an area of constant opacity may be located at the user's eyeline.

Abstract: Gradient optics for controllable light distribution for LED light sources. In an aspect, an apparatus is provided that includes a panel coupled to receive light emitted from a light source and gradient optics disposed on the panel. The gradient optics providing a transparency gradient that filters the light to achieve a selected emitted light intensity variation across a selected surface of the panel.

Abstract: A method of producing microbead populations that mimics the fluorescence intensity profile distribution of fluorescent biological cells so that they may be used a standard for flow cytometry.

Abstract: An article for use in an OCT method, the article comprising a solid substrate and nanoparticles dispersed in or on the substrate in at least one light transmissive portion of the article such that the nanoparticles result in an increased extinction of the light transmissive portion along a transmission direction of the light transmissive portion compared to the substrate being free of nanoparticles. The extinction of the light transmissive portion along the transmission direction is less than 6, wherein the extinction is defined as a negative decadic logarithm of a ratio of an intensity of light which is transmitted through the light transmissive portion to an intensity of light which is incident on the light transmissive portion, wherein the light is in at least one of a visible and a near infrared wavelength range.

Abstract: A graded order-sorting filter for hyperspectral imagers and methods of making the same are provided. The graded order-sorting filter includes a substrate wafer having a first side and a second side and is formed of a material that is substantially transparent to light photons. The graded order-sorting filter also includes an absorption filter deposited outwardly from the first side of the substrate wafer. The absorption filter is tapered along a taper direction and formed of a graded composition semiconductor material with a bandgap graded to decrease outwardly from the substrate wafer and/or graded along the taper direction. The graded composition semiconductor material is substantially transparent to the light photons for photon energies substantially less than the bandgap. The above filter can also be aligned to a two-dimensional array of pixels to form a hyperspectral imager.

Abstract: An optical performance is deteriorated by a minute phase difference of transmission wave front of an ND filter. In a light quantity adjusting device which includes an ND filter (P1) for attenuating a quantity of light passing through an aperture formed by diaphragm blades (S11 and S12) and in which a cover ratio of the aperture by the ND filter (P1) is changed, setting is conducted such that a phase difference between lights with a predetermined wavelength ? which pass through regions (N11, N12, and N13) of the ND filter (P1) with different transmittances inside the aperture becomes substantially 0?, substantially 1?, or substantially 2? in a state in which the aperture is completely covered with the ND filter (P1).

Abstract: An absorption type multi-layer film ND filter having a substrate formed of a resin film and on at least one side thereof an absorption type multi-layer film of oxide dielectric film layers and absorption film layers which are alternately wherein the oxide dielectric film layers are each a SiCyOx (0<y?0.1, 1.5<x<2) film having an extinction coefficient at a wavelength of 550 nm of 0.005 to 0.05, formed by a physical vapor deposition process using a film-forming material composed chiefly of SiC and Si, and the absorption film layers are each a metal film having a refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm of 1.5 to 3.0 and an extinction coefficient at that wavelength of 1.5 to 4.0, formed by a physical vapor deposition process; an outermost layer of the multi-layer film being one oxide dielectric film layer of SiCyOx.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus which is capable of preventing light diffraction from being caused by a density step or a thickness step of a filter, thereby preventing degradation of resolution during still image shooting, and securing the dynamic range of exposure control during both moving image shooting and still image shooting. In the image pickup apparatus, an image pickup element converts light incident thereon from a lens into an electric signal. A diaphragm mechanism changes the amount of light incident on the image pickup element. An ND filter covers an aperture of the diaphragm mechanism such that the aperture can be opened and closed, thereby adjusting the amount of light incident on the image pickup element after passing through the aperture.

Abstract: A flexible medium for a scrolling color changer and method of making thereof. The medium is made by applying an ink using a Meyer Rod which has varying cell lengths along its length. This leaves varying size cells of ink at different locations along the length of the medium. The ink has special characteristics whereby its evaporation rate and viscosity are carefully controlled. The viscosity is such that an amount of levelling will occur will be equal to the distance between any cells, but that cell to cell levelling will not, in general, occur.

Abstract: An ND filter, comprising: A transparent board formed in a disk shape, wherein two or more regions having light transmittances differing stepwise from one another are continuously formed in a circumferential direction of the transparent board formed in a disk shape.

Abstract: A filter or lens for a star tracking telescope includes a clear center portion and an attenuating peripheral portion where the peripheral portion attenuation of off-axis images is nonidentical through any radial line extending from a center of the filter or lens to a circumference edge of the filter or lens for passing on-axis images with high signal to noise ratios and for attenuating off-axis images for attenuating but not completely blocking the off-axis images, which telescope with such a filter or lens is well suited for improved star tracking systems, and well suited for reducing off-axis glare in handheld optical apparatus such as binoculars, telescopes, cameras, and eyeglasses.

Abstract: A light control film, and light collimating assemblies and liquid crystal displays incorporating such light control films are described. The light control film includes alternating transmissive and absorptive regions, where the refractive index of each transmissive region is greater than the refractive index of each absorptive region. The absorptive regions form interfaces at angles that are close to the perpendicular to the light control film. A portion of the incident light intercepting the absorptive region undergoes Total Internal Reflection, and is transmitted through the film. The axial brightness of light passing through the film is increased, the brightness is more uniform within the viewing angle, and the viewing cutoff angle is sharpened.

Abstract: A method of producing microbead populations that mimics the fluorescence intensity profile distribution of fluorescent biological cells so that they may be used a standard for flow cytometry.

Abstract: First of all, the present invention relates to a light trap (20) for eliminating or preventing stray light, e.g., in the form of scattered light. In addition, the invention relates to a device (10) for coupling a first beam path (34) to a second beam path (42)*. Finally, the invention also relates to an illumination device (30) for an optical observation device as well as an optical observation device. In order to be able to further improve the elimination of disruptive stray light in the form of scattered light, light trap (20) is configured in a special way. It has a filter element (21), particularly a neutral filter element, which is characterized in that incident light face (22) of filter element (21) has a concave radius, whereby incident light face (22) has a specific curvature. * sic; second beam path (41)?—Trans.

Abstract: A filter or lens for a star-tracking telescope includes a clear center portion and an attenuating peripheral portion. The peripheral portion attenuates off-axis images through any radial line extending from a center of the filter or lens to a circumference edge of the filter or lens. The attenuation is for passing on-axis images with high signal to noise ratios, for attenuating off-axis images, and for attenuating but not completely blocking the off-axis images. The telescope with such a filter or lens is well suited for improved star tracking systems, and well suited for reducing off-axis glare in handheld optical apparatus such as binoculars, telescopes, cameras, and eyeglasses.

Abstract: An ND filter including an alternating layer which is composed of two films being alternately stacked and formed on a transparent substrate, the two films having different refractive indexes, wherein the alternating layer has a substrate-side reflected light attenuating multi-layered film and a transmittance adjusting multi-layered film formed on the transparent substrate in the stated order from the transparent substrate side, and the light absorption amount of the substrate-side reflected light attenuating multi-layered film is set to be 20% or more and 30% or less. Thus, an ND filter having satisfactory front surface reflection characteristics and rear surface reflection characteristics can be stably obtained while the transmittance of 4% or more and 11% or less is maintained with respect to the entire visible region (400 nm or more and 700 nm or less).

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an optical filter for enabling a neutral filter for suppressing the quantity of passage light in an optical path to be mass-produced in an accurate position of an optical path opening with correct density characteristics without fluctuations, and the neutral filter is comprised of a filter 14 for suppressing a quantity of transmitted light, a base plate (aperture wheel) 11 attached with the filter to cause the filter to face the optical path, and alignment reference faces respectively formed in the base plate 11 and the filter 14 to define mutual bonding positions, where the filter 14 is formed into a predetermined outside shape by press forming from a transparent or translucent sheet with an light-reducing film formed on its surface, and is coated with the light-reducing film in which are formed two or more density regions having at least one density boundary line, while the outside shape of the filter 14 and the alignment reference faces are concurrently formed in beforeh

Abstract: Provided is a filter for a plasma display panel and a plasma display apparatus having the filter. The filter that is attached to a front surface of the plasma display panel that includes a first and second substrates facing each other and a barrier rib structure that is disposed between the first and second substrates and comprises a plurality of first barrier ribs and second barrier ribs that define a plurality of discharge cells by crossing each other. The filter comprises a base film, and a plurality of pattern portions disposed on a surface of the base film and extending in a direction crossing the second barrier ribs. The pattern portions have a pitch of approximately 15% of the vertical length of the discharge cells.

Abstract: In an absorption type multi-layer film ND filter having a thin substrate and provided thereon first and second absorption type multi-layer films which attenuate transmitted light, the first and second absorption type multi-layer films are constituted of multi-layer films each consisting essentially of dielectric layers formed of SiO2, Al2O3 or a mixture of these and metal film layers formed of Ni alone or an Ni alloy; the layers being alternately layered on the substrate; and the first and second absorption type multi-layer films are so formed on one side and the other side, respectively, of the substrate as to have a film structure in which they are symmetrical to each other interposing the substrate between them, and the warpage of the substrate has been controlled at a curvature of radius of 500 mm or more.