Abstract: A charging device includes a discharge electrode that extends along a rotational axis direction of a member to be charged that rotates and has an arc-shaped outer peripheral surface, the discharge electrode being arranged to face the outer peripheral surface; a potential control plate arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the member to be charged and the discharge electrode and extending in the rotational axis direction of the member to be charged, the potential control plate being plastically deformed so as to independently maintain the shape of the potential control plate; and a support member that supports the potential control plate only at both end portions of the potential control plate in a long-side direction of the potential control plate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ducting for a fuel pipeline of an aircraft or spacecraft designed to be mounted in each of the wings of an aircraft, an aircraft wing incorporating this ducting and a method for producing same. This ducting comprises at least one multilayer pipe having two respectively inner and outer layers made of a composite plastic material that is leakproof and chemically resistant to the fuel and that is reinforced by electrically conductive reinforcing means, these layers being separated by an intermediate layer, notably capable of stiffening the pipe when flexed and/or to insulate it electrically. Each of the inner and outer layers has at least one winding with contiguous turns of a continuous element made of a composite thermoplastic incorporating these reinforcing means.

Abstract: An elastic sheet structure includes an elastic body and a conductive body. The elastic body is capable of elastic deformation, and the conductive body includes a main body, a first elastic arm, and a second elastic arm. The main body is installed into the elastic body; the first elastic arm and the second elastic arm are connected at opposite sides of the main body and extend out from two opposite ends of the elastic body. The first elastic arm is capable of electrically connecting to ground to conduct away static electricity through the second elastic arm, the main body, and the first elastic arm. An electronic device employing the elastic sheet structure is also described.

Abstract: A contact detector having power switches for disconnecting power to portions of the contact sensor when an over current is detected is disclosed. The power switches thus protect the contact sensor from over-current as the result of latch-up or other current-generating conditions. These current-generating conditions are often the result of ESD events on a surface of the contact detector. A contact detector comprises an exposed surface for detecting the presence of an object, an insulating surface, and a protection element disposed under the insulating surface for controlling power to the contact detector. The protection element is configured to disconnect power to the contact detector when a current to the contact detector is detected above a threshold. Preferably, the contact detector is a finger swipe sensor, but it can be a finger placement sensor or any other type of device that functions on contact with a finger or other patterned object.

Abstract: Electronic component protection power supply clamp circuits comprising a plurality of p-type channel metal-oxide-semiconductor (PMOS) and n-type channel metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) transistors are described. These clamp circuits use a feedback latching circuit to retain an electrostatic discharge (ESD)-triggered state and efficiently conduct ESD current that has been diverted into the power supply, in order to dissipate ESD energy. The feedback latching circuit also maintains a clamp transistor in its off state if the clamp circuit powers up untriggered, thus enhancing the clamp circuit's immunity to noise during normal operation. Passive resistance initialization of key nodes to an untriggered state, as well as passive resistance gate input loading of a large ESD clamping transistor, further enhances the clamp circuit's immunity to false triggering.

Abstract: Structures and methods for electrostatic discharge (ESD) device control in an integrated circuit are provided. An ESD protection structure includes an input/output (I/O) pad, and an ESD field effect transistor (FET) including a drain connected to the I/O pad, a source connected to ground, and a gate. A first control FET includes a drain connected to the I/O pad, a source connected to the gate of the ESD FET, and a gate connected to ground. A second control FET includes a drain connected to the gate of the ESD FET and the source of the first control FET, a source connected to ground, and a gate connected to the I/O pad.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a circuit that has a Radio Frequency (RF) input, an inductor between the RF input and with RF front end circuitry, a first diode coupled to the RF input and the inductor and with a power line, and a second diode coupled to the RF input and the inductor and with a complimentary power line.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arrangement comprising at least one high potential electrode with a high potential in terms of absolute value, e.g. comprising substantially sharp edges and which may be exposed to a high electrostatic field or a high potential. It comprises at least one low potential electrode means or balancing electrode Q mean said low or balancing potential electrode means being provided at a distance from said at least one high potential electrode and at least one resistive arrangement connecting each of said high potential electrode(s) with each respective Q adjacent low or balancing potential electrode means. Said resistive arrangement(s) has a low conductivity but Q is non-isolating, such that a substantially linear voltage drop is provided between said high potential electrode(s) and said low or balancing potential electrode(s) to suppress peak-fields generated in the vicinity of any of the electrode(s).

Abstract: An electronic device includes a processing unit and a register. The processing unit reads information from the register, and generates a reset signal when detecting an error generated by the register, the register is reset according to the reset signal.

Abstract: A shaft current control brush ring assembly includes a cup and a brush ring assembly secured within the cup. The cup is secured to a motor faceplate, within a recess formed in the faceplate by interference fit, or by means of a clamp attached to the faceplate. A slinger can be associated with the brush ring assembly.

Abstract: An improved grounding brush system for mitigating electrical current on a moving object such as a rotating shaft includes an electrically conductive layer applied to the object and associated with a brush assembly for conducting electrical current from the moving object to ground.

Abstract: The invention provides a neutralization apparatus which simplifies an apparatus composition, lowers an apparatus cost and removes electrical charge effectively from a ribbon-like substance which is charged by stripping, and provides a printer having the neutralization apparatus. The neutralization apparatus neutralizes an ink ribbon. The neutralization apparatus has a conductive roller which is arranged so as to contact the surface of the ink ribbon and a neutralization brush which counters the back of the ink ribbon. A balance of the electrical charge of the surface and the electrical charge of the back of the ink ribbon is broken by electrical discharge caused by the conductive roller. And thereby, the charged voltage of the electrical charge of the back of the ink ribbon becomes large and the neutralization brush remove the electrical charge charged to the back of the ink ribbon effectively.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus relating to very large scale FET arrays for analyte measurements. ChemFET (e.g., ISFET) arrays may be fabricated using conventional CMOS processing techniques based on improved FET pixel and array designs that increase measurement sensitivity and accuracy, and at the same time facilitate significantly small pixel sizes and dense arrays. Improved array control techniques provide for rapid data acquisition from large and dense arrays. Such arrays may be employed to detect a presence and/or concentration changes of various analyte types in a wide variety of chemical and/or biological processes. In one example, chemFET arrays facilitate DNA sequencing techniques based on monitoring changes in hydrogen ion concentration (pH), changes in other analyte concentration, and/or binding events associated with chemical processes relating to DNA synthesis.

Abstract: An electric motor such as an AC induction electric motor includes a rotor having a rotor core and a rotor shaft. The rotor shaft defines an axially extending bore which has an electrical grounding ring positioned therein. The electrical grounding ring has an inertia insensitive configuration and forms a relatively low resistance electrical circuit segment between the rotor shaft and an electric motor housing to ground the electric motor rotor. The electric motor includes an oil lubricated bearing for the rotor shaft, and a sealing member such as a lip seal is positioned within the axially extending bore to inhibit lubricating oil intrusion therein. A non-rotating stub shaft may be mounted in the housing and extends into the axially extending bore to fluidly seal with the sealing member and electrically connect with the electrical grounding ring, which is fixed to rotate with the rotor shaft.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an outer wall for electronic control (300; 400; 500), particularly comprising: an outer portion (1) which includes at least one button (5; 6) and a fixed portion (2), each button (5; 6) and said fixed portion (2) having an opening (3) therebetween; an inner portion (310; 410; 510) which includes, in particular, a printed circuit (12); characterised in that the outer wall (300; 400; 500) comprises at least one metal part (320; 420; 520; 530) capable of capturing, at at least one of the openings (3), static electricity which would likely affect the printed circuit (12) in the absence of said metal part (320; 420; 520; 530).

Abstract: An EMI/ESD protection module is disposed between a first metal connecting member and a second metal connecting member. The EMI/ESD protection module includes a first conductive member, a second conductive member and a resilient member. The first conductive member is electrically connected to the first metal connecting member. The second conductive member is movably connected to the first conductive member and electrically connected to the second metal connecting member. The resilient member is disposed between the first and second conductive members.

Abstract: A portable information processing device includes a circuit board portion that has a main body portion side board mounting an electronic circuit thereon and forming a main body portion, and a connector portion side board forming a connector portion for connection to electronic equipment, wherein the main body portion side board mounts an electronic circuit on at least one of a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and is provided with a main body portion side electro-static discharge line which functions as an electro-static discharge surge arrester at an edge portion of a surface on which at least an electronic circuit is mounted, and wherein the connector portion side board is provided with a connector portion side electro-static discharge line which is connected to the main body portion side electro-static discharge line and functions as an electro-static emission portion.

Abstract: A static-conducting sheet of conductive material is provided. The static-conducting sheet includes a longitudinal substrate, two fixed portions and at least one elastic arm. The fixed portion includes a perpendicular portion and a lateral portion. The perpendicular portion extends from two opposite ends of the longitudinal substrate. The perpendicular portion extends perpendicularly upward from the planar surface. The lateral portion is parallel to the planar surface. The elastic arm includes a fixed end and a distal end. The fixed end is fixed on the longitudinal substrate. The arm extends perpendicular from the planar surface. The arm includes a fixed end and a distal end. The fixed end is connected to the longitudinal substrate, and the distal end is hooked.

Abstract: Techniques or processes for providing markings on products are disclosed. Particular arrangements of input devices may provide enhancements in ease of use. Further, cosmetic laser marking of input devices may provide improved visual appearance. Additionally, selectively controlling laser operation parameters during laser marking may provide laser marking that may be substantially electrically conductive, which in turn may be helpful in electrostatic discharge protection.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge apparatus for a touch key. A need for a conductive material or a ground layer included in the touch key is removed and a ground pattern portion is formed to prevent damage caused by static electricity introduced into the touch key.

Abstract: An embodiment of a discharge circuit for evacuating electric charge accumulated in circuit nodes of a charge pump during a discharge phase consequent to a shutdown of the charge pump is proposed. The charge pump is configured to bias each circuit node with a corresponding pump voltage during an operational phase of the charge pump. The discharge circuit includes a generator circuit configured to generate a discharge current during the discharge phase. The discharge circuit further includes means for evacuating the electric charge stored in each circuit node of the charge pump during a corresponding portion of the discharge phase; such means for evacuating include a respective discharge stage for each circuit node of the charge pump. Each discharge stage includes a first discharge circuit branch and a second discharge circuit branch coupled to the corresponding circuit node.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device to monitor whether a work station operator has properly worn a grounding mechanism, and a novel cascading means to chain multiple devices into a chain for sharing electricity and ground. The present invention could achieve the following functions: (1) capable of monitoring both single-wire and two-wire grounding mechanisms; (2) providing backup grounding through the chain so that the static electricity discharging capability is maintained as long as a single device in the chain remains connected to the ground; (3) extending the ground through the chain so that grounding is not required to be previously prepared at every work station; (4) sustaining all devices on the chain by a single external power supply; and (5) providing networking connectivity through the chain's cascading cables so that the network cabling cost and effort is significantly reduced.

Abstract: Described are transport elements for dissipating electrostatic charge including at least two outer structural layers coupled in an overlapping arrangement. Some examples may include a transport element having an inner structural layer coupled to an inner surface of the at least two outer structural layers. Other examples may include an outer resin layer coupled to the outer surface of the at least two outer structural layers, wherein the outer resin layer comprises materials that display a distinctive appearance when viewed under an ultraviolet light. An electrical resistance per length of the outer structural layers, the inner structural layer, and/or the outer resin layer is about 105 to 109 ?/meter.

Abstract: A very small form factor consumer electronic product includes at least a single piece housing having an integral front and side walls that cooperate to form a cavity in cooperation with a front opening where an edge of the side walls define a rear opening and at least some of the edges have flanges. The consumer electronic product also includes an user input assembly having a size and shape in accordance with the front opening and a clip assembly having a size and shape in accordance with the rear opening and having an external user actionable clip, a plurality of internal hooking features, and a plurality of internal latching features. The clip assembly is secured by engaging at least some of the hooking features and the flanges on the edges of the housing and engaging the latching features and corresponding attachment features on the internal support plate.

Abstract: A device for grounding electrical components arranged in a chain has a grounding point at ground potential and an actuation device connected to the grounding point for connecting the electrical components to the grounding point. In order to provide such a device, with which a simple, safe, and durable grounding is obtained, the actuation device is constructed as a moving part extending in a longitudinal direction and movable in a longitudinal direction. The moving part has an electrically conducting grounding section connected to the grounding point and an electrically nonconducting insulating section arranged on the end of the moving part facing away from the grounding point.

Abstract: A fingerprint sensor in accordance with the invention includes a non-conductive substrate providing a first surface onto which a user can apply a fingerprint to be sensed. A sensor circuit is applied to a second surface of the non-conductive substrate opposite the first surface to sense a fingerprint when juxtaposed proximally thereto. An electrostatic discharge conductor is applied to the non-conductive surface and is located between an area where a fingerprint is swiped and the sensor circuit. The electrostatic discharge conductor discharges electrostatic charge resulting from a user swiping a fingerprint across the first surface.

Abstract: A static electricity eliminator includes a clip device for attaching to a user, an adaptor for attaching to an object, and an electric cable coupled between the clip device and the adaptor for transmitting a static electricity from the user to the object and for suitably reducing or eliminating a static electricity from the user and for preventing the result of static electricity buildup and discharge from being occurred on the user, the clip device includes two pivotal levers having a jaw member at one end and a hand grip member at another end, the adaptor includes a cover mounted to a housing and electrically coupled to the electric cable, and includes one or more magnetic members for attracting to the object.

Abstract: A grounding assembly for electronic equipment provides a discharge path for the energy arising from lightning strikes. A conductive strap connects the ground lug of the equipment to a ground plate buried in the earth. The conductive strap has a length, width and thickness, with the width being greater than the thickness. This reduces the inductance of the conductor from the controller to the ground plate, thereby enhancing the ability of the grounding assembly to dissipate energy from lightning strikes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lightning transmission element (1) which is fixed to a hub (21) of a wind generator and which is formed by a first conductor bar (2) which is fixed to a second insulating bar (5). According to the invention, a first end (4) of the lightning transmission element (1) is positioned opposite a metal strip (18) that is disposed at the root of each blade (10) of the wind generator at a first distance which enables a flashover of incident lightning at a point on a blade (10) of the wind generator, while a second end (3) thereof is positioned opposite a gutter (12) of a nacelle (13) of the wind generator at a second distance which enables a lightning flashover. The lightning is conveyed from the point on the blade (10) at which it is incident thereon to the earth through a series of conduction means including the lightning transmission element (1), said means preventing the lightning from striking the sensitive parts of the wind generator.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for mitigating risk of electrostatic discharge in a system on chip are provided. In this regard, for an IC comprising a plurality of portions electrically isolated from one another within the IC, ESD current may be routed via one or more paths within and/or on a package to which the IC is bonded. The one or more paths may electrically couple two or more of the portions of the IC. The one or more paths may have low impedance at DC and high impedance at one or more frequencies utilized in the integrated circuit. One of the portions of the IC may be a ground plane for RF circuitry. One of the portions of the IC may be a ground plane for digital circuitry. The one or more paths may be fabricated in one or more metal layers of said package.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anti-ESD elastic plate comprising a first conducting part, and a pair of second conducting part. The first conducting part has at least one projection structure. The two second conducting parts are connected respectively to the two lateral sides of the first conducting part. Each of the second conducting part further has a second conducting element and a press element, whereas the second conducting element is configured with a second projection structure and the pressing element is disposed aside the second conducting element. In another embodiment, the present invention further provides an anti-ESD device for conducting ESD by arranging the anti-ESD elastic plate as a conducting medium that is disposed at the boundary between an opening of a housing and a cover for sealing the opening.

Abstract: An ESD protection device includes an insulating ceramic substrate excluding a glass ceramic substrate, first and second discharge electrodes provided on the insulating ceramic substrate and including respective edges that face each other with a gap therebetween, and a discharge supporting electrode provided on the insulating ceramic substrate so as to electrically connect the first and second discharge electrodes to each other, the discharge supporting electrode including a ceramic material and metal particles whose surfaces are coated with insulating inorganic material powder. A thermosetting resin-cured layer including a cavity is provided on the insulating ceramic substrate so that the portions of the first and second discharge electrodes that face each other with a gap therebetween are present in the cavity.

Abstract: An ESD protection device includes a ceramic multilayer substrate including a plurality of laminated insulating layers, an external electrode, at least one of an in-plane connecting conductor and an interlayer connecting conductor, and a mixture portion. The mixture portion is provided along a principal surface of one of the insulating layers and includes a dispersed material including at least one of metal and semiconductor; metal and ceramic; metal, semiconductor, and ceramic; semiconductor and ceramic; semiconductor; metal coated with an inorganic material; metal coated with an inorganic material and semiconductor; metal coated with an inorganic material and ceramic; and metal coated with an inorganic material, semiconductor, and ceramic. The mixture portion is connected to the external electrode and at least one of the in-plane connecting conductor and the interlayer connecting conductor.

Abstract: Electrostatic discharge chair with a grounding disc suitable to be used on a swivel chair are described. The accessories comprise a static dissipative chair cover (12), flexible conductive ground loop (14) and grounding means (16). The flexible conductive ground loop (14) have an attaching means (24) attached with two flexible coiled springs, the first spring having an open end (26a) and the second spring having an open tapered (26b) end. The flexible conductive ground loop (14) is attached to chair cover (12) and wrapped around swivel post (34) by screwing one end of the spring into the other to provide a ground path from chair cover to swivel post. The grounding means (16) is attached to swivel post and in contact with ground to provide a ground path from swivel post to ground.

Abstract: This static eliminator is used for eliminating static electricity from an object by ionizing the air to be blown to a charged object, and has a case 12 body provided with an air blow duct 15 for blowing out an ionized air, and an electric discharge module 27 being mounted detachably on the case body 12. The electric discharge module 27 has an electric discharge needle substrate 31 having a plurality of electric discharge needles 38 arranged straightly, and a surface panel 32 detachably mounted on the case body, and the electric discharge module 27 is mounted on the case body 12 by mean of a mounting screw member 36 in the portion of the surface panel 12. By dismounting the electric discharge module 27 from the case body 12, the electric discharge needles can be replaced.

Abstract: An ESD protection device is manufactured such that its ESD characteristics are easily adjusted and stabilized. The ESD protection device includes an insulating substrate, a cavity provided in the insulating substrate, at least one pair of discharge electrodes each including an exposed portion that is exposed in the cavity, and external electrodes provided on a surface of the insulating substrate and connected to the discharge electrodes. Supporting electrodes obtained by dispersing conductive powder in an insulating material defining the insulating substrate are provided along a bottom surface and a top surface that define the cavity between the exposed portions of the at least one pair of discharge electrodes.

Abstract: An electrostatic guiding structure with metal oxide generated through anodic oxidation includes a metallic case, an oxide layer, a system ground layer, and at least one conductor. The metallic case has an accommodating space, and the system ground layer and the conductor are both located in the accommodating space. The metallic case has an oxide layer formed on a surface thereof after an anode processing. The conductor is electrically connected to the oxide layer on an inner surface of the metallic case and the system ground layer, such that the static electricity is released from the metallic case to the system ground layer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an electrostatic discharge structure for a touch panel module to prevent ESD current flowing from the touch panel to the circuit board and damaging the electronic elements. The touch panel module comprises a touch panel and a circuit board. The circuit board has a connection portion connecting the circuit board with the touch panel. The connection portion has a plurality of sensing wires, two ends of each sensing wire are respectively electrically connected with one sensing unit of the touch panel and one sensor chip of the circuit board. The connection portion comprises at least one grounding solder pad and an electric-conduction structure covering thereon. The electric-conduction structure electrically connects the grounding solder pads to direct away the static.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge protection device for an optical disc drive is provided. A rail disposed on the casing of the disc drive has an opening. A guide bar is slidable disposed on the rail. A conductive elastic plate is fixed around the opening on the rail. The elastic plate has an elastic-pressing end leaning against the guide bar through the opening, and a protrusion electrically contacting the casing. A tray supported by the guide bar to move in and out of the casing has an underside covered by a protection bottom plate. A conductive strip-shaped elastic element is fixed on the tray by a fixing screw, which fastens the protection bottom plate on the tray. As such, the elastic element is in contact with the protection bottom plate; besides, the elastic element also leans against the guide bar, so as to dissipate electrostatic discharge by the guide bar.

Abstract: There is provided an electrically conductive band wearable on a user. The band includes an extendable strap having first and second end portions and a contact surface. The strap is formed of electrically conductive threads distributed along the contact surface. The band further includes a buckle including a recessed notch having a conduction member disposed therein. The conduction member is electrically connected to the conductive threads when the conductive threads are in contact with the conduction member. The buckle also includes a fastening element that is in electrical communication with the conduction member and is electrically connectable to a grounding wire. The buckle further includes a locking member being pivotable to secure the conductive threads adjacent the conduction member. A primary connector is coupled to the second end portion of the strap and includes a primary attaching portion that is attachable to a buckle attaching element.

Abstract: A wireless communication device includes a PCB, a grounded electrostatic protection element and an antenna. The PCB includes a ground and an antenna clearance portion. The ground portion includes a ground layer. The antenna clearance portion overlaps the antenna and includes a plurality of second key contacts, a plurality of ground contacts and a plurality of microstrips. The second key contacts are placed on a top surface of the PCB. The ground contacts and the microstrips are placed on a bottom surface of the PCB and corresponding to the second key contacts. The plurality of microstrips connect the plurality of ground contacts to the ground layer. The electrostatic protection element connects the second key contacts to protect them from electrostatic interference.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an electric arc isolation structure for isolating an electric arc produced by an arc discharge at a transformer, and the transformer includes a primary side input electrode terminal and a secondary side high-voltage output terminal. The exterior of the transformer is covered by an insulating sheath, and the insulating sheath at least fully covers the secondary side high-voltage output terminal of the transformer.

Abstract: An elastic sheet structure includes an elastic body and a conductive body. The elastic body is capable of elastic deformation, and the conductive body includes a main body, a first elastic arm, and a second elastic arm. The main body is installed into the elastic body; the first elastic arm and the second elastic arm are connected at opposite sides of the main body and extend out from two opposite ends of the elastic body. The first elastic arm is capable of electrically connecting to ground to conduct away static electricity through the second elastic arm, the main body, and the first elastic arm. An electronic device employing the elastic sheet structure is also described.

Abstract: An antistatic apparatus selectively coupled to an electrical component having a first end and a second end is proposed in the invention. The antistatic apparatus includes a first soldering portion, a second soldering portion, a first discharging portion and a second discharging portion. The first soldering portion selectively connected to the first end of the electrical component. The second soldering portion selectively connected to the second end of the electrical component. The first discharging portion connected to the first soldering portion and rotated clockwise for an angle. The second discharging portion connected to the second soldering portion and rotated counter-clockwise for the angle to provide a discharge path corresponding to the first discharging portion, electrostatic current of the first soldering portion being discharged into the second soldering portion through the discharge path.

Abstract: A lightning protection device having a grounded Franklin rod and a conductive device attached to the rod and defining a predetermined overall shape of a predetermined size therearound. The lightning protection device is particularly devised to limit the amount of corona discharges under the ambient ground fields associated with lightning storms while the upward leader inception requirements remain unchanged during the descent of a lightning leader. The lightning protection device has a corona inception voltage that is substantially insensitive to contamination from pollution, insects, vermin or water droplets.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical article comprising an organic or mineral glass substrate, a layer of a polymeric material and an intermediate layer possessing antistatic properties in direct contact with a main face of the substrate and the layer of polymeric material, the intermediate layer comprising a mixture of colloidal particles of at least one electrically conductive, colloidal metal oxide, of colloidal particles of at least one colloidal mineral oxide having a refractive index of 1.

Abstract: A sliding type thin fingerprint sensor package defined as a sliding region and a conductive portion comprises a substrate, a fingerprint sensor chip and a metal plate. The fingerprint sensor chip is electrically connected with the substrate and a sensing region of the fingerprint sensor chip is exposed by a window of the dielectric layer. The metal plate is electrically connected with the substrate and a sliding surface of the metal plate is close to the sensing region of the fingerprint sensor chip. The sensing region and the sliding surface are exposed by the window of the dielectric layer. The sensing region of the fingerprint sensor chip and the sliding surface of the metal plate are located at the sliding region, and a plurality of external contact pads on a circuit layer of the substrate are located at the conductive portion.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention discloses, inter alia, a rail vehicle with a wagon body and with contact devices which are connected to the wagon body and which remain in contact with at least one rail on the track side during operation of the rail vehicle, wherein the wagon body and at least one of the contact devices are connected to each other through an electrical resistance device. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the resistance device includes a greater electric resistance in a voltage region with low voltage than in a voltage region with comparatively higher voltage.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge protection device is used to protect a component from electrostatic discharge in an electronic device. The electrostatic discharge protection device comprises a metal shell, a ground conductor, and a conductive material. The metal shell is used to cover the component. The ground conductor is used to directly connect the metal shell and a first grounded end. The conductive material is used to connect the ground conductor and a second grounded end in order to achieve double grounded effect.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for draining stored power are disclosed, which the apparatus and method are applied to an EMI filter circuit for draining power. When the power supply circuit is not working, the apparatus provides a bleeder resistor to drain the power stored in the capacitors of the EMI filter circuit. On the other hand, when the power supply circuit is working, the apparatus provides an open-circuit resistor which has extremely large electrical resistance in order to stop draining power. Thus, the apparatus for draining stored power will not cause extra power waste.