Abstract: This invention is an illumination system that incorporates a light emitting diode and a partially reflecting optical element. The light emitting diode emits internally generated light having a first angular range and reflects incident light with high reflectivity. The partially reflecting optical element transmits a first portion of the internally generated light with a second angular range, smaller than the first angular range, and reflects a second portion of the internally generated light back to the light emitting diode, where the second portion is reflected by the light emitting diode. The partially reflecting optical element can be a pyramid, an array of pyramids, a first and second orthogonal arrays of prisms or a bandpass filter. Utilizing a partially reflecting optical element and light recycling can increase the effective brightness and the output efficiency of the illumination system.

Abstract: A backlight module includes a light source and a light guide plate. The light guide plate includes a base plate and a reflecting film. The base plate has an upper surface on which a plurality of protrusions is formed, a curved bottom surface opposite to the upper surface, and a housing defined therein. The light source is accommodated in the housing. The reflecting film is plated on the curved bottom surface, for reflecting the light beams reaching the curved bottom surface to emit from the upper surface. The plurality of protrusions diffuses light beams.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode comprising a substrate having a surface on which connecting electrodes are formed and another surface on which terminal electrodes conducting with the connecting electrodes are provided, and an LED element mounted on the substrate, the LED element having an emission surface on one surface thereof, the emission surface being covered with a translucent resin containing fluorescent material, surfaces other than the emission surface being covered with a resin having a diffusion-reflection effect.

Abstract: An optical device for coupling the luminous output of a light-emitting diode (LED) to a predominantly spherical pattern comprises a transfer section that receives the LED's light within it and an ejector positioned adjacent the transfer section to receive light from the transfer section and spread the light generally spherically. A base of the transfer section is optically aligned and/or coupled to the LED so that the LED's light enters the transfer section. The transfer section can comprises a compound elliptic concentrator operating via total internal reflection. The ejector section can have a variety of shapes, and can have diffusive features on its surface as well. The transfer section can in some implementations be polygonal, V-grooved, faceted and other configurations.

Abstract: The present invention provides A direct-type backlight having: a resin sealing member including at least one resin layer, which has a light reflecting section formed on the outermost surface of the resin sealing member; an optical semiconductor element sealed by the resin sealing member; and plural circular light scattering grooves formed concentrically on at least one surface of the resin layer, wherein an area of a circle in the center and an area among the respective concentric circles are substantially the same.

Abstract: Primary light is directed to a light path control plate from at least one point-like light source. The light path control plate has an inner face on which projection-like transmission-reflection portions and curved-for-refraction portions are alternately formed along a leaving-direction from an optical axis direction of the point-like light source, wherein each transmission-reflection portion is composed of a transmission face permitting primary light to transmit through the transmission face and a reflection face which reflects the transmitted light as to bring changed light paths directed to an outer face of the light path control plate while each curved-for-refraction portion refracts primary light as to bring changed light paths directed to the outer face of the light path control plate. First light reaching the outer face via the transmission-reflection portions and second light reaching the outer face via the curved-for-refraction portions are generated from primary light.

Abstract: A vehicular lamp in which a luminous flux utilization factor is enhanced by a structure of a light-emitting element that is disposed to face forward with respect to a vehicular lamp and covered from its front side with a translucent member. The circumferential region of the translucent member forms a reflected light control portion that allows light from the light-emitting element which has impinged on the translucent member to be internally reflected by the rear face of the translucent member and turned into parallel light which travels forward, and the reflected light control portion further allows the parallel light to emit forward from the front face of the reflected light control portion.

Abstract: A compact and cost-efficient lamp assembly includes cold-cathode fluorescent lamps in a variety of edge-lit display sign applications specifically, in edge-lit emergency lighting signs. The lamp assembly includes in one self-contained module a lower housing unit and an upper housing unit shaped to cover the lower housing unit. The lower housing unit is divided into a lower frame and an upper frame disposed on top of the lower frame. The upper frame has at least two inverters disposed within. The lower frame is a parabolic shape reflector frame supporting at least two cathode lamps in line with the two inverters, each of which is connected to each lamp for providing high voltage to power up the lamps. Additionally, an edge-lit panel having a front and back side is disclosed in the present invention. The backside includes a semi-transparent frosted surface with a white opaque lamination glued on the frosted surface.

Abstract: A light emitting diode unit comprises a light emitting element D1, a base 1 having a heat dissipating member 12 that dissipates heat generated by the light emitting element D1, and a first lens 2 comprising a reflecting element 214 that reflects light R2 traveling outside of a predetermined angle among the emitted light R emitted by the light emitting element D1 and a refracting element F that refracts light R1 traveling inside of the predetermined angle among the emitted light R, each of which is formed integrally, with the first lens 2 mounted integrally on the base 1, and the emitted light R emitted from the light emitting element D1 is made to travel generally toward the same direction by the reflecting element 214 and the refracting element F.

Abstract: A lamp with combined spot and flood light distribution properties in which an elongate translucent shell defines an interior cavity with a reflector portion and a neck portion. A socket-engaging base includes a pair of electrical contact members for communicating with respective electrical contacts of a socket of a light fixture. A lamp capsule, disposed in the interior cavity, includes a light source that connects to a pair of electrical leads for connecting to electrical contact members of the socket. The light emitted from the light source communicates diffusingly radially omni-directionally through the neck portion and directedly substantially longitudinally from the reflector portion.

Abstract: A lens for light emitting diode (LED) light sources which allows light emitted from an LED light source to exit the lens in a direction perpendicular to a vertical center axis of the lens. The lens of the present invention includes an inner space which is defined in a lens body having both a bottom surface and an upper reflective surface, so that light passing through the inner space is partially reflected by total internal reflection on a portion (selective transmission surface, inner reflective surface, inside reflective surface) of a boundary surface between the inner space and the lens body. Thus, light emitted from an LED light source efficiently exits the lens through a side surface. Accordingly, the lens of the present invention is used in efficient display and illumination optical systems.

Abstract: A multi-lens LED has multiple lenses and an intermediate layer interposed between the multiple lenses in order to radiate light emitted from an LED chip in a desired direction and/or at a desired beam angle. The first lens is centered behind the LED chip when seen in the propagation direction of light. The second lens has a concave structure and surrounds the first lens. The intermediate layer is interposed between the first and second lenses, so that light emitted from the LED chip can be radiated at a wide beam angle. When provided in the form of a hemisphere, the multi-lens LED can be attached, e.g., to a wall or a ceiling for interior lighting. On the other hand, when provided in the form of a semicylinder, the multi-lens LEDs can be arranged in arrays to be used, e.g., as a light source of an LCD backlight apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus for homogeneously distributing lights includes a light guide plate, an incidence microstructure and an emergence microstructure. The incidence microstructure is arranged on a surface of the light guide plate and opposite to a light source. The emergence microstructure is arranged on a surface of the light guide plate opposite to the incidence microstructure. The lights emitted by the light source pass through said apparatus thereby being homogenously distributed. Thus the manufacture costs are lowered, and the light source utilization ratio is increased.

Abstract: An LED or incandescent light source is positioned in a reflector arranged to reflect light from the LED or incandescent light source which is radiated from the LED or incandescent light source in a peripheral forward solid angle as defined by the reflector. A lens is disposed longitudinally forward of the LED or incandescent light source for focusing light into a predetermined pattern which is radiated from the LED or incandescent light source in a central forward solid angle as defined by the lens. The apparatus comprised of the combination projects a beam of light comprised of the light radiated in the central forward solid angle and peripheral forward solid angles.

Abstract: An LED package has a light emitting element, a first optical section that is disposed around the light emitting element, and a second optical section that is disposed around the first optical while being separated from the first optical section. A gap is formed between the first and second optical sections. The gap allows part of light emitted from the light emitting element to be radiated from the first optical section as nearly parallel light converged in the direction perpendicular to the center axis of the light emitting element. The second optical section includes a reflection surface to reflect the nearly parallel light in the direction parallel to the center axis of the light emitting element.

Abstract: Disclosed are a backlight assembly and a liquid crystal display device using the same. A ratio of a pitch, which is an interval between the lamps for supplying light to an LCD panel, to a gap, which is a distance between the center of the lamps and an optical plate, is adjusted to thereby minimize the bright line that badly influences the image display quality, so as to display a high quality image.

Abstract: A vehicle light includes several light source units positioned on different planes, each of which light source units has a light emitting diode, and a transparent convex covering part formed with a refraction side facing the light emitting diode; when light from one of the light emitting diodes travel through the corresponding convex covering part, the corresponding refraction side can make it change direction; therefore, when the light source units are positioned such that the refraction elements are in various orientations, light from the present vehicle light can he diverted into different directions by means of the refraction elements. In other words, when being activated, the vehicle light will produce light whose form depends on orientations of the refraction elements of the light source units.

Abstract: A light fixture for mounting a light and one or more electrical devices to either the ground or a structural surface. The light fixture includes an integral rectangular base assembly with a plurality of vertical framing members. A light transmitting tube is slidingly carried over the vertical framing members and a plurality of louver members are slidingly carried over the light transmitting tube. The light fixture provides a weatherproof enclosure for enclosing the light, the electrical devices, and all associated electrical wiring.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus for lighting up an entrance of a vehicle, capable of decreasing the sound of wind roaring caused during driving. The lighting apparatus includes: at least one lighting element; a clear molded plastic cover member; and an attaching member for attaching the lighting element with the clear molded plastic cover member onto a bottom surface of a side mirror. The side surface of the lighting apparatus adjacent to a vehicle body is formed so as to broaden from the front of the side mirror toward the rear thereof along a direction departing from the vehicle body.

Abstract: The proposed device uses a plastic of any color with a cavity introduced in it and preferably with a polished inner surface, instead of a reflector or a light guide, to utilize increased reflection with grazing incidence (large angle of incidence versus the normal to the surface). The light from a light source is transported to the symbol by reflection in this cavity and on the inner surface. The light source is preferably of a flat structure.

Abstract: An illuminable electronic ice cube comprising an outer casing, inner unit, LED, circuit board, battery, bottom lid, and battery cover lid. The outer casing has a natural ice cube shape with ripple-shaped sides. The inner unit is fitted in the outer casing and comprises a base, a raised support and an-illuminable light cylinder fixed on the raised support. A chamber in the inner unit runs through the base, raised support and light cylinder. The LED is fitted in the light cylinder and the circuit board is under the LED, and the battery is under the circuit board. The bottom lid is at the bottom of the outer casing and has a push-button switch and a hole matching the battery cover lid. When the battery runs out, the battery cover lid is turned to separate it from the bottom lid, so a new battery can be installed.

Abstract: A light fixture including a housing formed by a pan having parallel side walls terminating in mounting phalanges formed with O-ring rungs and further including retainer rails which engage the opposite side of a flexible lens to hold the lens against an O-ring in the O-ring runs to maintain a moisture resistant seal.

Abstract: A high power LED lamp module for installation in conventional traffic signal lamps includes a housing with a side flange and a spacer ring extending therefrom, a plurality of LEDs disposed inside the housing for producing diverging light, a power supply disposed in the housing between the LEDs and the housing rear wall, a threaded electrical connector extending therefrom, and Fresnel/outer lenses extending across the open end of the spacer ring for collimating the diverging light from the LEDs. The Fresnel lens is disposed a first distance from the light emitting diodes wherein the light collimated thereby just fills and illuminates the entire outer lens. The flange is separated from the rear wall portion by a second distance that does not exceed about 100 mm or about 70mm for a 12 or 8 inch diameter lamp module respectively, to ensure the lamp module fits inside conventional traffic signal lamps.

Abstract: An illumination system that has an output luminance (brightness) LO that is greater than the intrinsic output luminance (brightness) LI of the light emitting diodes used within the system. The system utilizes one or more light emitting diodes having highly reflective surfaces and recycles a portion of the light generated by the light emitting diodes back to the light emitting diodes in order to enhance the effective luminance. The illumination system includes a light-reflecting cavity and one or more highly reflective light emitting diodes having total surface area AS mounted inside the cavity, either on the interior surfaces of the cavity or within the cavity volume. The cavity has a light output aperture of area AO. The light emitting diodes have reflectivity RS. The exposed inside surfaces of the light-reflecting cavity have reflectivity RC. In order to achieve enhanced brightness, it is required that the area of the light output aperture AO be less than the total area AS of the light emitting diodes.

Abstract: An improved back light module that the special design of light guide plate can prevent from the non-uniform of illumination. The module includes a light source; a reflector below the light source to reflect back the downward light rays for increasing the illumination of the back light module; and a light guide plate above said light source that a first portion of the bottom surface of said light guide plate, which is over said light source, is a plane and a second portion of the bottom/top surface of said light guide plate, which is not over said light source, has a plurality of regular bumps/recesses for focusing the light rays to increase the illumination, wherein said first portion and said second portion are arranged alternately in order.

Abstract: An area light source comprises an LED (2), a plate-like light guide (4) adapted to guide the light emitted from the LED (2) and having a light incident end face (41) and a light emerging face (43), and a light deflecting element (6). Continuously arranged on the light emerging face (43) are lens arrays extending generally perpendicularly to the direction of the directivity of the light entering the light guide (4) from the LED (2) in a plane along the light emerging face (43) and having an average angle of inclination of 0.5° to 60°. On each surface of the lens arrays a coarse surface having an average angle of inclination of 0.1° to 8° is formed. Continuously arranged on the back (44) of the light guide are lens arrays extending generally parallel to the direction of the directivity of the light entering the light guide (4) from the LED (2) in the plane along the light emerging face (43) and having an average angle of inclination of 8° to 60°.

Abstract: An optical projection system irradiating a projection light on a work. This optical projection system includes a reflector provided with a first reflection surface and a second reflection surface which reflect the projection light and change a traveling direction of the projection light, an entrance lens which guides the projection light to the first reflection surface, a reflective optics which reflects the projection light reflected by the first reflection surface and guides the projection light to the second reflection surface, an exit lens which guides the projection light reflected by the second reflection to the work, and a position adjustor which supports coaxially the entrance lens and the exit lens so that the entrance lens is spaced a predetermined distance from the exit lens, and the reflector is positioned therebetween.

Abstract: An optical lens having a body with a front face and a rear cavity for cooperatively receiving and optically aligning a high power light emitting diode source with respect to a primary central optical axis of the lens. Reflective inner side walls of the body project light in a lambertion pattern from the front face at an angle to create a central hot spot. The body includes at least one side flange which is cooperatively received in a guide of a lens holder and further includes a non-optical annular rim extending from the front face for cooperatively seating with the lens holder.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp is constructed such that light exiting from an LED light source is converted into collimated light and such that the collimated light is reflected forward of the lamp by means of a reflector. At that time, the reflector portion has a stepwise reflection surface in which there are alternately formed a plurality of light incidence sections into which the collimated light enter and a plurality of intermediate sections into which no collimated light enters. Further, each of the intermediate sections is formed from an irregular surface formed so as to recess rearward of the lamp with respect to a plane parallel to the direction of radiation of the collimated light. By means of the irregular surface, stray light or the like included in the collimated light exiting from the optical member is reflected forward of the lamp. As a result, when the lamp is viewed from the front, the light incidence sections appear to glare, resembling spread spots, and the intermediate sections also appear to glare.

Abstract: A projector optic assembly is disclosed for use with various light emitting sources to collect and direct the rays of light into a high gradient beam pattern. The projector optic assembly includes a light pipe and a projector lens. The light pipe is segregated into several regions including a reflecting region, a funneling region and a transition plane separating the two regions. At the first end of the reflecting region, closest to the light emitting source, is a connecting lens. At the second end of the funneling region is an emitting aperture that is designed to refract light into the high gradient beam pattern.

Abstract: An improved back light module that the special design of light guide plate can prevent from the non-uniform of illumination. The module includes a light source; a reflector below the light source to reflect back the downward light rays for increasing the illumination of the back light module; and a light guide plate above said light source that a first portion of the bottom surface of said light guide plate, which is over said light source, is a plane and a second portion of the bottom/top surface of said light guide plate, which is not over said light source, has a plurality of regular bumps/recesses for focusing the light rays to increase the illumination, wherein said first portion and said second portion are arranged alternately in order.

Abstract: A bandless seam between reflector and refractor sections of a luminaire globe formed of light-transmissive material and configured to improve optical performance as well as facilitate effective mounting of the reflector and refractor sections together, the invention finds particular utility with suspended luminaires ordinarily requiring a metal band or the like to join said sections into a luminaire globe. Opposing peripheral edge surfaces of the reflector and refractor sections are shaped according to the invention not only to cause even flow of adhesive between said surfaces to adhere said sections to each other but also to reduce brightness at the resulting seam between the sections, thereby improving luminaire appearance and reducing seam brightness and optical glint.

Abstract: A luminaire globe member formed of light transmissive material and having a reflector section and a refractor section, light from a light source such as a high intensity discharge lamp initially impinging on at least major portions of the reflector section being reflected back into the interior of the globe member by prisms preferably disposed on exterior surfaces of said reflector section, refractive prisms preferably disposed on interior surfaces of the reflector section redirecting said reflected light through a focal point or loci of points directly above the light source, the light thus redirected from the reflector section being incident on surfaces of the refractor section at angles similar to angles of incidence of light rays directly emanating from the light source and directly incident on said refractor section surfaces, thereby to increase light efficiency by virtue of improved light control within the globe member.

Abstract: The invention proposes an indicator light, in particular for a motor vehicle. The indicator light includes a central optical axis, a light source and a solid optical piece. The solid optical piece includes at least (1) an input face whose generatrix lies in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis, (2) a rear reflection face whose generatrix lies in a direction substantially inclined towards the front, and (3) a front exit face. The exit face is formed by a series of elementary distribution dioptric elements, each of which is designed to form an elementary light beam whose image, on a screen placed in front of the indicator light, corresponds to the indicating function to be fulfilled.

Abstract: A light control sheet suitable for direction-controlling an angularly extending oblique input light, surface light source device and LCD using the light control sheet. A light control sheet is disposed along an emission face of a light guide plate direction-controls main and subsidiary light fluxes to cause them to be emitted toward a desired direction. Main beam S1 emitted from the emission face transmits (with a small refraction) through a first face, being inner-reflected (total reflection) by a first slope region and then outputted from a light output face (SS1). First subsidiary beam T1 transmits (with a small refraction) through the first face, being inner-reflected (total reflection) by a second slope region and then outputted from the light output face (TT1).

Abstract: A lighting fixture that has a plurality of differently fashioned regions wherein different light emission properties occur. The fixture includes at least one hollow light guide having a cavity, one or more bulbs that emit light into the cavity of the hollow light guide, and at least one light output device having a light-refractive structure for outputting light from the cavity of the hollow light guide to a light exit face. The light output device forms at least a part of the wall of the hollow light guide and the light of at least one bulb that directs light into the hollow light guide is beamed out in different regions of the lighting fixture that have different light emission properties.

Abstract: Photoconductive structure of backlight module includes a photoconductive board, a light source, a reflecting board and a brightening film. One of top face and bottom face of the photoconductive board is formed with multiple photoconductive patterns which are concentric arches centered at the light source. The reflecting board is disposed on one face of the photoconductive board, while the brightening film is disposed on the other face of the photoconductive board. One of the top face and bottom face of the brightening film is formed with multiple focusing patterns arranged in the same aspect as the photoconductive patterns of the photoconductive board. Under action of the focusing patterns and the photoconductive patterns, the light beam projected from the light source is concentrated and goes out from the photoconductive board in the direction of the normal line of the photoconductive board.

Abstract: A light fitting (10) for receiving a lighting device (12) located within a main body (11). The main body (11) includes a substantially reflective surface (13a) to direct light (17) from the lighting device (10) onto an area to be lighted. The main body (11) also includes a light directing element (18) to direct light (19) from the main body (11) across a ceiling (C) that, in use, is adjacent the light fitting (10).

Abstract: A bandless seam between reflector and refractor sections of a luminaire globe formed of light-transmissive material and configured to improve optical performance as well as facilitate effective mounting of the reflector and refractor sections together, the invention finds particular utility with suspended luminaires ordinarily requiring a metal band or the like to join said sections into a luminaire globe. Opposing peripheral edge surfaces of the reflector and refractor sections are shaped according to the invention not only to cause even flow of adhesive between said surfaces to adhere said sections to each other but also to reduce brightness at the resulting seam between the sections, thereby improving luminaire appearance and reducing seam brightness and optical glint.

Abstract: A headlight reduced in size and ensuring sufficiently high efficiency is provided. The headlight includes a light source, a cylindrical condenser lens surrounding the light source from its periphery to transmit light incident from the light source, and a reflector surrounding the light source and the cylindrical condenser lens from their backsides to reflect the light transmitted through the cylindrical condenser lens frontward.

Abstract: The color temperature of light emitted by a luminaire having a hollow prismatic light guide is varied to counteract aesthetically undesirable reddening gradient of the emitted light. Reddening is caused by the light guide's dielectric material, which absorbs blue light rays such that proportionately more red than blue rays are guided to the light guide's far end than to points near the guide's light input end. Flare light rays which escape through the light guide near its light input end are color filtered and reflected back into the light guide. The filter color lies within a CIE-1931 chromaticity diagram {4800° Kelvin; 570 nm; 600 nm} color gamut triangle. Color filtering absorbs blue flare rays as a function of distance along the guide, imparting a near-end reddening gradient to the emitted light in inverse proportion to the far-end reddening gradient, giving the emitted light a constant apparent color, independent of distance along the guide.

Abstract: A ceramic cup may be fitted in the neck of a reflector region to provide good reflection or blockage of the light incident on the reflector neck. Light is then prevented light from incorrectly exiting through the lamp neck or from heating the neck region. The ceramic cup can be cheaper than coatings or other shields. The ceramic cup shield can be more durable and electrically more compatible with the lead structure extending through the neck region. The cup shield can also help align and properly position the light source.

Abstract: A high power LED lamp module for installation in conventional traffic signal lamps includes a housing with a side flange and a spacer ring extending therefrom, a plurality of LEDs disposed inside the housing for producing diverging light, a power supply disposed in the housing between the LEDs and the housing rear wall, a threaded electrical connector extending therefrom, and Fresnel/outer lenses extending across the open end of the spacer ring for collimating the diverging light from the LEDs. The Fresnel lens is disposed a first distance from the light emitting diodes so that the light collimated thereby just fills and illuminates the entire outer lens. The flange is separated from the rear wall portion by a second distance that does not exceed about 100 mm or about 70 mm for a 12 or 8 inch diameter lamp module respectively, to ensure the lamp module fits inside conventional traffic signal lamps.

Abstract: A lighting unit including a housing that has a base and opposing cover that is coupled to the base. A is lens disposed between the base and cover to form an inner receiving area. A light support member is disposed in the inner receiving area and supports a plurality of light sources. An axial opening extends through each of the cover and base, respectively. The axial opening has a central opening portion for receiving a support structure and an access opening portion. A mounting segment is releasably engagable with the housing and receivable in the access opening portion of the housing whereby removal of the segment provides access to the central opening portion and allows mounting of the housing on the support structure.

Abstract: The invention concerns an illuminating spotlight emitting a narrow beam. The spotlight has a highly concentrated light source and a concave reflector for emitting an illuminating beam in a specific direction, along an emitting axis. A converging lens is interposed between the source and the reflector and in a plane passing through a conical segment. The source is bordered laterally on the reflector side with a sector of the converging lens providing a virtual image of the source located beyond the emitting axis, on the side opposite that of the lens. The virtual image of the light source is formed at the focus of the conical segment locally defining the reflector.

Abstract: Disclosed are a backlight assembly and an LCD apparatus that includes the backlight assembly. A first receiving container has at least two members that can be combined into a frame and receive a plurality of lamps and a light diffusing member. A receiving container may be fabricated using the two or more members. Even though the size of the frame made of the members is small relative to the LCD apparatus, the receiving container can be used with the LCD apparatus. Accordingly, manufacturing processes of the LCD apparatus may be simplified and cost of production may be reduced.

Abstract: A lighting device for installation in a substantially plane surface, comprising at least one lamp device that emits light essentially in a light direction which forms an angle with an exit face of a light refracting means in the lamp device. The lamp device comprises a light source that emits light towards an incident face of the light refracting means, where the light refracting means has a longitudinal direction coincident with the light direction, and where the exit face is approximately parallel to the substantially plane surface. The exit face is set a slight angle of inclination relative to the substantially plane surface, the angle and the angle of inclination in combination causing light from the light source to be brought to an emergent angle above the face that satisfies pre-set requirements for light intensity close to the surface.

Abstract: A lamp assembly, a backlight assembly and a LCD apparatus having the same are provided. The lamp assembly includes a lamp for emitting a light and a lamp holder for receiving one end of the lamp and for emitting a portion of the light emitted from the end of the lamp. The lamp holder has a transparent or semi-transparent material. The backlight assembly includes a light guiding plate for guiding the light emitted from the lamp and the lamp holder and for emitting the guided light and a receiving container for receiving the lamp assembly and the light guiding plate. Accordingly, the dark portion corresponding to the electrodes of the lamp may be reduced and brightness of the backlight assembly may be enhanced.

Abstract: A backlight assembly for use in a transmissive display system is described. The backlight assembly includes a light source that illuminates a light chamber. A transmissive display is positioned adjacent the light chamber so that light that exits the chamber illuminates the transmissive display.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) device (A) and processes for its manufacture are provided. The LED device (A) includes a light emitting chip or die (10) and an encapsulant (22) surrounding the same. The encapsulant (22) is substantially spherical in shape, and the die (10) is preferably located at a substantial center of the encapsulant (22). An electrically conductive path extends from the chip or die (10) to a periphery of the encapsulant (22) such that the chip/die (10) can be selectively energized to produce light by applying electricity to the electrically conductive path at the periphery of the encapsulant (22). Preferably, the encapsulant (22) is chosen to have an index of refraction as close as possible to the higher of an index of refraction of the die's semiconductor material and an index of refraction of the die's substrate (12).