Abstract: The present disclosure provides an electrical connection device that includes a shell, a holding member and a light guiding member. The shell has a front end insertion opening and a rear wall. The rear wall is formed with a first clip structure, and the first clip structure has a sheet body which is integrally formed rearwardly by the rear wall. A clip hole is defined between the sheet body and the rear wall. The holding member has a holding body and a second clip structure which is integrally formed from the holding body and correspondingly cooperates with the first clip structure. The second clip structure has a first arm which is inserted into to the clip hole with an interference fit. A plurality of light guiding pipes are inserted into to the holding body of the holding member.

Abstract: An optical modulator that can effectively dissipate heat generated from the inside includes: an optical modulation element which includes an optical waveguide and a radio frequency electrode for controlling light waves propagating through the optical waveguide; a termination resistor electrically connected to the radio frequency electrode; a termination resistor board on which the termination resistor is disposed; and a package case, which houses the optical modulation element and the termination resistor board, in which a plurality of protrusion portions are formed on one external surface of the package case, and at least one of the protrusion portions is formed at a position on the external surface of the package case, which faces a position inside the package case where the termination resistor board is disposed with the package case in between.

Abstract: A temperature controlled container includes a case which has a storage space formed therein; a thermoelectric element; a heat transfer body in communication with the thermoelectric element and facing the storage space. The heat transfer body includes a heat transfer case which has an enclosed space formed therein and is wider than the thermoelectric element, and includes a portion facing the thermoelectric element; a phase change material which is accommodated in the enclosed space; and a heat transfer body which is disposed in the heat transfer case so as to be positioned in the enclosed space. The heat transfer body has a first body portion which is in communication with the portion of the heat transfer case facing the thermoelectric element and a second body portion, and the first body portion in communication with the second body portion.

Abstract: A method of determining a modified spectral content of a light emitting diode (LED) light engine includes separating spectral data from the LED light engine into at least two spectral component bands, calculating respective efficacies for each of the at least two spectral components, simulating a first LED spectral component for a predetermined peak position and intensity, modifying spectral data from an existing LED to match a predetermined peak wavelength, applying factorial design-of-experiment techniques to the simulated first LED spectral component and the modified spectral data to obtain a selection of spectra, and selecting a spectrum from the results of the applying step, wherein the selected spectrum includes characteristics of the modified spectral content. The method includes the step of producing a LED light engine/electronic driver combination having the selected spectrum. A non-transitory medium having computer executable instructions is disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display unit includes a liquid crystal display element for modulating light; and a holder part which has a holding portion, at least one connecting portion, an attenuation portion, and a plurality of through-holes. The holding portion holds the liquid crystal display element. The connecting portion is formed integrally with the holding portion, and may be connected to a fixing member for fixing a position of the liquid crystal display element. The attenuation portion is formed in the area from the connecting portion to the holding portion, and attenuates a force transmitting from the connecting portion to the holding portion. The through-holes are formed in the at least one connecting portion. The through-holes include at least one cut-out-through-hole having its part opened. The through-holes allow insertion of connecting members for connection to the fixing member.

Abstract: A light-emitting module includes a substrate, an LED chip arranged on a main surface of the substrate, a sealing member covering the LED chip on the main surface of the substrate and converting a wavelength of the light produced by the LED chip, and a heat transfer member thermally connecting the sides of the LED chip to the main surface of the substrate and dissipating heat produced by the LED chip to the substrate. The heat transfer member is made up of a silicone resin having particles dispersed therein, the particles being nanoparticles of ZrO2 and microparticles of MgO, which have higher thermal conductivity than the silicone resin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for controlling the illumination system in a temperature controlled environment, and to a control system for a temperature controlled environment having an illumination system. More specifically, the invention relates to a method wherein output of the illumination system causes a temperature response in the temperature controlled environment, the temperature response being detected by a sensor, the method comprising regulating the temperature adaptively based on the output of the illumination system and the associated temperature response.

Abstract: An illuminating apparatus includes a columnar light guide, a board having a light source fastened on one surface thereof, and a holder. The holder is formed with a through-hole into which an end of the light guide in the columnar center axis direction is fitted to hold the light guide, and a catch that catches and holds the board with the light source facing the end surface of the light guide in the columnar center axis direction in the through-hole.

Abstract: A peripheral illumination device for a vehicle component includes at least one light guide, and an enclosure for guiding the at least one light guide. The at least one light guide is securely mounted in the enclosure via a fixed support at a predefined location and has two ends which are movably mounted in relation to the enclosure.

Abstract: A scanner module and an image scanning apparatus employing the same. The scanner module comprises an illuminator for illuminating light on an object to be scanned. The illuminator includes a light emitting diode, a light guide extending in a main scanning direction to change a direction of the light received from the light emitting diode, and at least one elastic member to elastically support at least one longitudinal end of the light guide. As the light guide is elastically supported by the elastic member, convex deformation or bowing of an emission face of the light guide due to thermal expansion can be reduced.

Abstract: An LED-based photolithographic illuminator with high collection efficiency is disclosed. The illuminator utilizes an array of LEDs, wherein each LED has an LED die and a heat sink. The LED dies are imaged onto the input end of a homogenizer rod to substantially cover the input end without inclusion of the non-light-emitting heat sink sections of the LED. A microlens array is used to image the LED dies. The collection efficiency of the illuminator is better than 50% and the illumination uniformity at the output end of the light homogenizer is within +/?2%.

Abstract: An illuminating device (210) according to an embodiment of the invention included in an image reading apparatus (100) and an image forming apparatus (D) includes light source portions (211a1), (211b1), (211a2) and (211b2), light-guiding members (213a) and (213b) for illuminating an illumination target (G) from an elongated light emitting face (M) that extends in a longitudinal direction (Y), by guiding light from the light source portions, and holding members (216a) and (216b) for holding the light-guiding members. The holding members include holding portions (2161a) and (2161b) for removably holding the light-guiding members, and tilted portions (2162a) and (2162b) that reflect light emitted from the light emitting face (M), the tilted portions extending from a front end on the light emitting face (M) side of the holding portions, obliquely widening with increasing distance from the light-guiding members.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a backlight module which can be incorporated within the liquid crystal display device, and which includes a waveguide, a heat dissipating frame, a light source and a backframe. The heat dissipating frame includes a carrying portion and a sidewalk. The carrying portion abuts against a bottom surface of the waveguide. The carrying portion is defined with openings in an area adjacent to the sidewalk. The light source is mounted onto the sidewall and offset to the opening. The backframe includes a bottom board and erections which extend and pass through the opening. The bottom board abuts the carrying portion. The thickness of the erection is larger than the thickness of the light source such that expansion of the waveguide exposed under heat will not in contacting with the light source. Accordingly, the light source will not be damaged by the expansion of the waveguide, and therefore prolong the service of the light source.

Abstract: A receptacle including a shield housing and a heat sink. The shield housing has a first side configured to be connected to a printed circuit board. The housing has an aperture for insertion of a plug of a cable assembly. The heat sink is connected to the first side or an opposite second side of the shield housing. The heat sink has a lateral end section which extends along an exterior of a least one lateral side of the shield housing.

Abstract: A light and fan assembly has a generally tubular housing that has a turbine fan located on one end the fan discharging a stream of air therefrom, and a light is located on the opposing end, the light discharging a light beam therefrom in opposite direction to the air stream. A clip clips the housing to an appropriate surface such as a hat brim. The fan can draw air from one of two intakes with one of the intakes allowing air to pass over a heat sink of the light to help cool the light assembly and warm the air stream or resistive heating elements can be provided in order to heat the air stream. A magnifying lens is attached, fixedly or pivotally and possibly rotatably, to the housing.

Abstract: A backlight for an appliance knob provides a light pipe that may receive light from a light source fixed behind a console at a variety of different extensions permitting ready adjustment of the light pipe to fit closely behind the appliance knob with different console thicknesses and tolerances.

Abstract: A lighting system is described. The lighting system includes a lamp and a first container including a first phase change material thermally connected to the lamp. Heat generated by the lamp during operation is conducted to the first phase change material. The system also includes a second container including a second phase change material thermally connected to the lamp. Heat generated by the lamp during operation is also conducted to the second phase change material, and the second phase change material has a transition point temperature lower than the transition point temperature of the first phase change material of the first container to account for a temperature drop between the second container and the first container. The lighting system also includes a temperature sensor for reducing lamp power if the lamp becomes too hot, and a mounting bracket which may also conduct heat away from the lamp.

Abstract: An optical module apparatus and method operates at high temperatures. The apparatus has a first printed circuit board with optoelectronics and electronics located on a thermoelectric cooler. The thermoelectric cooler is located on a second printed circuit board that also has electronics that control the thermoelectric cooler separately mounted thereon. The optical module operates at substantially higher temperatures by placing the optoelectronics and the electronics, not including the thermoelectric cooler controller, on the thermoelectric cooler. The electronics controlling the thermoelectric cooler only require relatively simple, low-speed electronics that are implemented in integrated circuit technologies. The integrated circuit electronics may operate at very high temperatures (200° C. or higher) thereby making control of the thermoelectric cooler with uncooled electronics possible.

Abstract: A linear light module that uses a thermally conductive housing for dissipating heat generated by a lighting source within the housing is described. Light is thermally coupled away from the lighting source via a thermally conductive heating block. The heating block is thermally coupled to a thermally conductive heat pipe that runs along the length of the housing, where the length of the housing is substantially the same length as the linear light module. The housing is extruded to include a channel that runs the length of the housing for holding the heat pipe. Because the housing is long, the heat is easily conducted from the housing.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel, a light guide plate disposed on a lower part of the liquid crystal display panel, an LED circuit substrate disposed along at least one side of the light guide plate to accommodate an LED on a front surface thereof, and a heat transmission member having a first part that faces a lower surface of the light guide plate and a second part that is extendedly bent from the first part and faces the LED circuit substrate.

Abstract: A light source unit is equipped with a light source having a discharge lamp and a converging mirror, and a light guide formed of a liquid core fiber which is held by a light guide holding portion. The light source and the light guide are held in a casing made of a metal, and an infrared cut filter is provided in a cylindrical light shielding body surrounding an optical path in the interior of the casing. The light shielding body forms a stray light preventing member which prevents stray light from going out of the casing, and a light quantity adjusting member is provided between an opening of the light shielding body on a light guide side and a light incident port of the light guide. The light shielding body and the light guide holding portion are thermally insulated from each other by a heat insulating material portion.

Abstract: A light source includes a heat-dissipating plate, a heat-dissipating pin protruding from the heat-dissipating plate, a light emitting chip for emitting light, and a housing surrounding the light emitting chip, the housing having a receiving space spanning from a top surface to a bottom surface of the housing, wherein the heat-dissipating plate is disposed on the bottom surface of the housing, wherein the light emitting chip is disposed on the heat-dissipating plate exposed by the receiving space.

Abstract: A light device includes a light transmission tube, a heat sink, a light bar, and two end caps. The light transmission tube has two securing parts. Each of the securing parts includes a first rib and a second rib, and a guide-track groove is formed between the first and second ribs. The heat sink includes a first plate body and a second plate body. The first plate body is curved and abutted on an inner wall of the light transmission tube, and the second plate body is curved toward the first plate body. Two terminals of the first plate body are connected to two terminals of the second plate body to form two connecting parts for coupling with the guide-track grooves. The light bar is disposed on the second plate body. The end caps are respectively connected to two terminals of the light transmission tube.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus having a radiation source and a light guide coupled thereto. The temperature of the light guide is monitored along its complete length. If a threshold temperature is exceeded, a switching mechanism will be triggered. The switching mechanism switches off the radiation source or triggers a warning signal.

Abstract: A liquid cooled endoscopy unit having plurality of LED light source units integrated into the proximal end of the arthroscope. The LED light source is cooled by the sterile conventional irrigation fluid circulating inside a cooling chamber located in the body of the arthroscope and conveniently capable on demand of emitting UV light for fluorescein endoscopy. The inventive device conveniently incorporate and contains all tubing and power supply cables for the camera and LED light source in a single tubing.

Abstract: In a projection display apparatus in which a laser beam source and an optical engine are connected together through an optical fiber, safety is improved against temperature rise in the optical fiber and its periphery. A projection display apparatus includes a temperature sensor 4 provided on the end portion, of the side of an optical engine 6, of an optical fiber group 1 for connecting a laser beam source 5 and the optical engine 6 to each other, in which, by detecting temperature and informing to a controlling unit 71 for controlling the laser beam source 5, when temperature rise exceeding a set value having been set previously is detected, the controlling unit 71 is made to control so as to decrease or stop output from the laser beam source 5.

Abstract: An LED lamp A1 includes a plurality of LED modules 1 and a substrate 2 on which the LED modules 1 are mounted in a row. A light guide 3 covering the LED modules 1 is provided on the substrate 2. The light guide 3 is held in close contact with each of the LED modules. With this arrangement, a proper amount of light is obtained with the use of a smaller number of LED modules 1 or with less power consumption.

Abstract: An illuminating apparatus and method for an interior passenger compartment of a vehicle including, in combination, a panel, a manual operation element mounted to the panel, and a hidden light mounted behind the panel providing indirect light directed along a path extending downwardly across a visible surface of the panel through an aperture in the panel. A bezel can be associated with the manual operation element. The bezel can define an edge with a reflective surface. The bezel is located on the visible surface of the panel within the path of indirect light. The edge reflects indirect light from the hidden light pipe to be visible to occupants of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

Abstract: A scanner module and an image scanning apparatus employing the same. The scanner module comprises an illuminator for illuminating light on an object to be scanned. The illuminator includes a light emitting diode, a light guide extending in a main scanning direction to change a direction of the light received from the light emitting diode, and at least one elastic member to elastically support at least one longitudinal end of the light guide. As the light guide is elastically supported by the elastic member, convex deformation or bowing of an emission face of the light guide due to thermal expansion can be reduced.

Abstract: A solid state illumination system is provided as a replacement for conventional arc light, metal halide and Xenon white-light sources for applications in life sciences including, microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and endoscopy. The solid state illumination system generates high quality white light output from LED light sources. The white light output is continuous in the visible spectrum from 380 nm to 650 nm and is suitable for imaging all the most common fluorophores and fluorescent proteins. In embodiments, an LED light pipe engine is used to generate a portion of the spectral content of the white light output. In alternative embodiments the solid state illumination system produces light output of a selectable color.

Abstract: An artificial lighting system. The artificial lighting system generates electromagnetic radiation at a source location, and outputs the electromagnetic radiation at a target location. The output is in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the visible spectrum and/or photosynthetically active radiation. In some embodiments, the electromagnetic radiation is focused and distributed through one or more lenses to provide increased intensity. For target locations that are physically remote from the source location, optical waveguides and components distribute the electromagnetic radiation. Some embodiments incorporate an automated emitter allowing the output of the artificial lighting system to be moved at the target location. The artificial lighting system seeks to provide high intensity electromagnetic radiation to the target while minimizing the exposure of the target to the heat generated by the light source.

Abstract: A solid state light having a solid state light source such as LEDs, an optical guide, and a thermal guide. The optical guide is coupled to the light source for receiving and distributing light from the light source, and the thermal guide is integrated with the optical guide for providing thermal conduction from the solid state light source and dissipating heat through convection and radiation for cooling the light. The optical guide can be tapered to enhance the efficiency of light distribution. The thermal guide can have an external shell connected with internal fins, and the external shell can have a reflective coating to provide for a back reflector behind the optical guide.

Abstract: A light emitting diode lamp includes a lamp base defining a plurality of openings, at least one power module, and a number of illumination modules. Each illumination module includes a number of illumination units. Two opposite terminals of each illumination unit are secured to the lamp base near two opposite edges of a corresponding opening. The illumination units are in the openings and apart from each other. Each illumination unit includes a heat dissipating assembly, at least one lighting assembly, and two connection units connected to two opposite terminals of the heat dissipating assembly. The power module supplies electrical power to at least one illumination module, and controls a power supply through at least one of the two connection units to electrically connect the at least one lighting assembly.

Abstract: A light emitting diode lamp includes a lamp base defined a plurality of openings and a number of illumination modules located on the lamp base. Each illumination module includes a number of lamp holders separately located on sidewalls of the openings and a number of illumination units held by the lamp holders and apart from each other. Each illumination unit includes a hollow heat dissipating assembly, at least one lighting assembly contacting the hollow heat dissipating assembly, at least one printed circuit board, and two connection units connected to two opposite terminals of the hollow heat dissipating assembly. The printed circuit board controls a power supply through the lamp holders and at least one of the connection units to the lighting assembly.

Abstract: A light source module includes a casing, a light-guiding rod, a light-emitting assembly and a heat-dissipating reflective shroud. The casing has a chamber and a transparent opening in communication with the chamber. The light-guiding rod has a light-exiting surface and a light-transmitting surface opposite to the light-exiting surface. The light-guiding rod is disposed in the chamber with the light-exiting surface facing the transparent opening. The light-emitting assembly is provided on one side of the light-guiding rod to emit light toward the interior of the light-guiding rod. The heat-dissipating reflective shroud is assembled with the casing to cover the light-transmitting surface of the light-guiding rod. The interior of the heat-dissipating reflective shroud has a reflective surface for reflecting the light passing through the light-transmitting surface back toward the light-exiting surface to exit the transparent opening.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an attachment system for communicating light energy from a light source to a light-conducting fiber includes a light pipe body sufficiently designed to engage a distal end of a light pipe, the light pipe body comprising at least one opening configured to dissipate heat buildup from light energy; a front assembly sufficiently designed to engage the light pipe body, the front assembly comprising an orifice and at least one opening configured to dissipate heat buildup from light energy; a light-conducting fiber body sufficiently designed to engage the front assembly and to hold a proximal portion of a light-conducting fiber, the light-conducting fiber body positioned in the orifice of the front assembly; and an optical taper assembly sufficiently designed to hold an optical taper, the optical taper assembly positioned between and spaced apart from the front assembly, and positioned between and spaced apart from the light pipe.

Abstract: A modular radiation integrator assembly including a radiation source that emits radiation, a first integrator module including a first input port and a first output port, an adjust tube configured to partially receive the first integrator module and engage the radiation source in a manner such that the radiation emitted by the radiation source travels to and enters the first input port, and a second integrator module including a second input port and second output port, the second integrator module couplable to the first integrator module outside the adjust tube in a manner such that the radiation exits the first output port and enters the second input port.

Abstract: An LED illumination device comprises a base, at least one LED light source and a heat dissipation module. The base has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The LED light source is located on the second surface of the base. The heat dissipation module is thermally connected to the first surface of the base. The heat dissipation module has a staff and a spiral heat sink, which is attached to the staff. The staff is mounted on the base and the spiral heat sink is mounted on the staff. The spiral heat sink generates airflow through the LED light source when the spiral heat sink and the staff are rotated relative to the base, whereby heat dissipation efficiency of the LED light source is optimized accordingly.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an attachment system for communicating light energy from a light source to a light-conducting fiber includes a light pipe body sufficiently designed to engage a distal end of a light pipe, the light pipe body comprising at least one opening configured to dissipate heat buildup from light energy; a front assembly sufficiently designed to engage the light pipe body, the front assembly comprising an orifice and at least one opening configured to dissipate heat buildup from light energy; a light-conducting fiber body sufficiently designed to engage the front assembly and to hold a proximal portion of a light-conducting fiber, the light-conducting fiber body positioned in the orifice of the front assembly; and an optical taper assembly sufficiently designed to hold an optical taper, the optical taper assembly positioned between and spaced apart from the front assembly, and positioned between and spaced apart from the light pipe.

Abstract: A backlight for an appliance knob provides a light pipe that may receive light from a light source fixed behind a console at a variety of different extensions permitting ready adjustment of the light pipe to fit closely behind the appliance knob with different console thicknesses and tolerances.

Abstract: A lighting device comprising a plurality of light emitting elements (1), and a beam shaping optics (7) having an entrance aperture (6). Each light emitting element is optically connected to a set of optical fibers (5) each having a first end optically connected to the light emitting element and a second end optically connected to the entrance aperture (6), so as to guide collimated light from the light emitting element to the beam shaping optics (7). The light emitting elements are distributed over an area larger than the entrance aperture (6).

Abstract: A light-guide type illumination device includes a heat-dissipating unit, a conductive unit, a light-emitting unit and a light-guiding unit. The heat-dissipating unit includes a heat-dissipating body. The conductive unit and the light-emitting unit are respectively disposed on a first side and a second side of the heat-dissipating body. The light-emitting unit includes at least one light-emitting element electrically connected to the conductive unit for generating light beams. The light-guiding unit includes at least one light-guiding element disposed above the light-emitting unit. The light-guiding element has a light input surface formed on a bottom side thereof for receiving the light beams and an optical surface-treated layer formed on at least one lateral surface thereof.

Abstract: An electrical assembly includes a guide frame with closed and open ends, the guide frame configured to be mounted to a substrate. The guide frame defines at least one cavity configured to receive an electrical component therein. A connector housing configured to be disposed in the at least one cavity and mounted to the substrate can support a retainer that extends outwardly from a body of the connector housing. The retainer can be configured to receive an attachment member supported by a light pipe, and can extend outwardly through the closed end of the guide frame. A heat sink coupled to the guide frame can be configured to have at least a portion of the light pipe disposed therein.

Abstract: A light source device includes a single optical waveguide, a plurality of optical sub-assemblies, and an assembly holder. The optical waveguide includes a core area extending along a predetermined axis, a cladding area covering a periphery of the core area, and a first end face extending along a plane intersecting the predetermined axis. The assembly holder has an inner surface supporting the optical sub-assemblies so that the optical sub-assemblies are respectively arranged on a plurality of reference lines and optically coupled to the first end face of the optical waveguide. Each optical sub-assembly includes a semiconductor light-emitting element having a light-emitting surface optically coupled to the first end face of the optical waveguide, and a support member on which the semiconductor light-emitting element is mounted. The reference lines extend in different directions from one point on a predetermined axis of the core area to the cladding area.

Abstract: A lighting system is described. The lighting system includes a lamp and a first container including a first phase change material thermally connected to the lamp. Heat generated by the lamp during operation is conducted to the first phase change material. The system also includes a second container including a second phase change material thermally connected to the lamp. Heat generated by the lamp during operation is also conducted to the second phase change material, and the second phase change material has a transition point temperature lower than the transition point temperature of the first phase change material of the first container to account for a temperature drop between the second container and the first container. The lighting system also includes a temperature sensor for reducing lamp power if the lamp becomes too hot, and a mounting bracket which may also conduct heat away from the lamp.

Abstract: A supporting structure is disclosed for both securing optical elements for providing optimal cooling of the optical elements and the light source.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus is disclosed and includes a light-guiding module and a light source module. The light-guiding module has a light-in surface, which is annular surface inside the light-guiding module. The light source module includes a plurality of light-emitting devices. Each light-emitting device is disposed toward the light-in surface and can emit light through the light-in surface into the light-guiding module. The light-guiding module can be a light-guiding plate with a through hole, a sidewall of which is treated as the light-in surface. The light source module can use an annular circuit board disposed in the through hole. The light-emitting devices are disposed on an outer annular surface of the annular circuit board toward the sidewall. Thereby, the invention can provide illumination of radially guiding light.

Abstract: A micro light interface assembly for a microscopic machine vision inspection system includes a micro light assembly. The micro light assembly provides addressable light emitting elements arranged around the periphery of an aperture having an aperture dimension DAPMIN that is smaller than a barrel dimension DBAR of the inspection system objective lens. The aperture may be located along the optical axis and within the working distance of the objective lens such that the light emitting elements are closely arranged around a field of view. The micro light interface assembly may be held and operated through a connection element that may be used for the interchanging the micro light interface assembly with a touch probe, in some embodiments.

Abstract: A backlight unit illuminating the rear of a transmissive display panel with light includes a light source substrate, a base member, and a heat pipe. The light source substrate has a light source and faces the rear of the display panel. The base member is made of sheet metal, on which the light source substrate is mounted, and fixed to the rear of a chassis of the backlight unit. The heat pipe is attached to the base member and receives heat generated in the light source through the base member. The base member includes a plurality of groove portions extending in a lengthwise direction of the light source substrate formed at predetermined intervals and a plurality of planes on which the light source substrates facing the display panel are formed respectively. The heat pipe is provided in the lengthwise direction of the light source substrate under each of the planes.

Abstract: A self cooling light effects device for use in a standard light bulb socket having a socket adaptor, surface embedded LEDs for generating light effects, controllable light effects, and various ways for cooling. Fiber optic cables provide further light effects. Controlling light effects may include a logic board. Cooling may be accomplished by any combination of fans, heat sinks, heat pipes, thermoelectric cooling, a heat conductive filler, and a heat conductive housing.