Abstract: An improved single light fixture for use in intermittently illuminating plants in a greenhouse. A bulb of a particular selected light output frequency is selected, and the fixture comprises an oscillating parabolic mirror which sweeps the light from the bulb across all of the plants in the greenhouse.

Abstract: A fitting for horticultural illumination includes a reflector and a housing for auxiliary equipment, the reflector being attached to the housing by a universal coupling so that the reflector can be exchanged for a reflector with other properties, thereby reducing investments when crops are changed. According to a preferred embodiment the reflector includes a collar adapting it for coupling with the housing. Both the collar including the reflector and the housing are suspended by a profile, thus forming a pre-assembled unit which is suspended by hooks from a rail provided in the greenhouse to be illuminated.

Abstract: A horticultural luminaire in which a lamp is contained within a first compartment and a ballast unit is contained in a second compartment. The ballast unit is in heat-conducting contact with the top of the unit and a plate member also covers the ballast unit to act as an additional heat sink. The top of the luminaire housing may be provided with bracket members to facilitate mounting of the luminaire on a structural I-beam.

Abstract: A photobioreactor for the cultivation of photosynthetic microorganisms comprises a tank, one or more light compartments extending into the tank and one or more high intensity lamps whose light is directed into the light compartments. Each light compartment has at least one transparent wall and a means for distributing light from the lamp substantially uniformly across the transparent wall.

Abstract: A light pole planter arrangement is set forth wherein a plurality of mirror image shells are arranged for 180 degree containment about an associated light pole such that when the shells are secured together about the light pole, various plants and the like are positionable therein for a novel enhancement of the associated light pole. Each shell is formed with a continuous elongate seal extending along terminal end faces of each shell and continuing about an upper portion of a serrated semi-circular opening within each shell wherein each serrated opening enables a frictional non-slip engagement with the light pole planter device in association with the light pole. Offset tabs are positioned extending outwardly of each end surface of the device for enhancement of the association of the two shells to effect a non-slip arrangement of one shell with respect to the other.

Abstract: A vessel adapted to hold a plant and to serve as a light globe facing downwardly; the vessel having an open top and a closed bottom to define a toroidal volume to hold the plant, a central recess opening from the bottom of the vessel and extending upwardly, a light bulb socket at the upper end of the recess, and optionally, vents in the bottom of the vessel and a ring shaped cover for the vents spaced downwardly from the closed bottom.

Abstract: A combination decorative set in with a light source to be utilized in foral arrangements for a variety of designs.

Abstract: Lighting by the sunlight is available in every space in a building, even those spaces which have been hardly utilized such as the basement and ground water pit. The sunlight is collected and guided by optical cables to light radiators which are located in intended spaces of a building. The basement has a cistern for water therein to afford a shelter in the case of emergency, while the ground water pit which is also lighted by the conducted sunshine is usable to cultivate fish, plants, and other foodstuffs. The building is annular except for its first floor so that a cylindrical open space is defined thereinside and also lighted by the sunlight, thereby introducing the sunlight even into the radially innermost spaces of the sunlight.

Abstract: A rotating lamp fixture includes a plurality of lamps, attached to an arm which extends outwardly from a housing preferably mounted to the ceiling of a building. The arm is connected through a torque coupling and a gear train to the shaft of an electrical motor. The motor imparts a relatively slow circular or orbital motion to the lamps through the arm for serving as an artificial light source. The provision of a rotating light source reduces by at least one-third the number of fixed light sources needed for effectively controlling the growth of vegetation. The rotating lamp fixture increases the growth rate, improves the uniformity of growth, and/or precisely controls one or more other growth characteristics of the vegetation. Other features are also disclosed.

Abstract: Devices and methods are disclosed which provide for the indirect, substantially glare-free, directional lighting of three-dimensional objects, by which artificial light is generated at a central point which is recessed in close proximity to the object to be illuminated. Said light enters light-conductive means throught an optical interface and is conducted towards and projected in the direction of such object in the shape of a predetermined light beam or mantle substantially enveloping or highlighting selected surfaces of the object without significant scattering of light. Shielding means protect the eyes of observers from direct view of the light source. The arrangement of components permits multi-directional, centripetal, substantially glare-free viewing by a plurality of observers grouped around the illuminated object.

Abstract: Glare-free illumination of three-dimensional objects in a rock garden setting is disclosed. Artificial light is generated in a void space in a man-made rock, below and in close proximity to the object to be illuminated, shielding the eyes of observers from a direct view of the light source. Light shines upwardly in the shape of an inverted light cone enveloping the object and is only indirectly visible by its reflections from the illuminated objects, such as plants, trees and sculptures. The minimal light path reduces scattering of light, power consumption and lamp size. A flexible and adjustable suspension system is disclosed, ensuring the horizontal position of the supports for the objects placed thereon, thereby ensuring the vertical position of the illuminated objects, irrespective of surface configuration of the simulated rock garden or the angle of the ground upon such multiple-rock garden may be placed.

Abstract: A light radiator for effectively diffusing and radiating light rays which have been transmitted through an optical cable or the like outside of said optical conductor cable. The light radiator is comprised of a transparent cylinder; an optical conductor for guiding light rays into the cylinder through one end of it; an optical means that is movably accommodated in the cylinder for reflecting the light rays guided into it from the optical conductor and for radiating them outside of the cylinder; and a driving means for moving the optical means along the axis of the cylinder.

Abstract: A light radiator for diffusing and radiating light rays, transmitted through an optical cable or the like, outside of the optical conductor cable, includes a transparent cylinder, an optical conductor for guiding light rays into the cylinder, an optical means movably accommodated in the cylinder for reflecting and radiating the light rays, and a driving device for moving the optical means along the axial direction of the cylinder.

Abstract: A substantially glare-free, directional lighting of three-dimensional objects is provided which artificial light is generated at a central point which is recessed, in close proximity to, and below the object to be illuminated. The light shines both directly upwardly, as well as downwardly against a reflective surface and then upwardly in the direction of such object in the shape of a predetermined light cone penetrating the underside of and substantially enveloping the object without significant scattering of light. A compartmentalized grille above the light source surrounds the lower end of the object and shields the eyes of observers from direct view of the light. The upwardly reflected light is centripetally and indirectly visible by its reflections from the illuminated object.

Abstract: Three dimensional objects such as plants, are illuminated with indirect, substantially glare-free, directional lighting. Artificial light is generated at a central point which is recessed in close proximity to and below the objects to be illuminated. The light enters light-conductors through an optical interface and is conducted towards and projected in the direction of the interior of the foliage of plants or of other objects. The light is reflected from such objects thereby creating substantially glare-free viewing from any position around the illuminated object.

Abstract: A time-sharing light distribution apparatus steers optical energy conducted thereto from a single source of optical energy supply to a plurality of remote locations or directly to the ambience. A light conducting rod receiving the optical energy at one end thereof includes an inclined surface for reflecting the optical energy to the ambience or to branch light conduction paths. A motor or like drive causes the light conducting rod to pivot or rotate about an axis thereof, thereby distributing the optical energy for desired applications such as photosynthesis.

Abstract: The support comprises a support in a translucent material, a plant, flower or other recipient provided in the upper part of said support, a holder borne by the translucent support, a fitting with light source installed on said holder and in the center line of said translucent support for the illumination from within of said translucent support, and a lead with plug attached to said fitting.

Abstract: A light conduction apparatus for photosynthetic reaction includes a rotatable light distributor which may be a transparent rod or disc. Converged light is guided by a solid or tubular light conducting member into the light distributor and routed along at least one optical path through the light distributor as far as a radiation surface of the latter. The light output from the radiation surface is supplied a moment to each of a number of light conducting rods, which lead to a confinement for photosynthesis, once for each full rotation of the light distributor. Thus, the confinement shares a single light source which can be small size for given dimensions of the confinement.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices and systems for the indirect, substantially glare-free, directional lighting of three-dimensional objects, such as plants and outdoor sculptures. Artificial light is generated at a central point which is recessed, in close proximity to, and below the objects which may be exposed to rain or other sources of water. The light is directed upwardly through transparent areas in a water-tight housing in the shape of a predetermined light mantle substantially enveloping the object without significant scattering of the light, which is indirectly visible by its reflections from the illuminated object. When illuminating objects such as a flower arrangement, a disclosed device permits lighting the inside of such flower arrangement, as well as its outer reaches. The devices permit substantially glare-free viewing by a plurality of observers grouped around the illuminated object in a circle.

Abstract: A light radiator for effectively diffusing and radiating light rays which have been transmitted through an optical conductor. The light radiator comprises a transparent cylinder, optical means movably accommodated in the cylinder for reflecting light rays guided into the cylinder from the optical conductor and radiating the light rays outside the cylinder, and driving means for moving the optical means along an axis direction of the cylinder. The optical means being constructed with elliptic globe having a short diameter approximately equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder and comprising an air chamber having a reflection surface for reflecting light rays guided into the cylinder and radiating the same outside the cylinder in the inner space thereof. The driving means comprises optical oil filled in the cylinder and a liquid pump having an end portion communicating with the end portion of the cylinder and another end portion communicating with the other end portion of the same.

Abstract: A light source device which employs light energy transmitted through an optical conductor cable as a photo-synthesizing light source for cultivating plants. The light energy emitted from the optical conductor cable is effectively dispersed in order to nurture plants. The light source device is comprised of a hollow cylinder, a rotating support member for supporting the cylinder which rotates around a first axis perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder, a fixed supporting member for supporting the rotating support member which rotates around a second axis intersecting with the axis of the cylinder and another axis perpendicular to that of the cylinder, and a driving mechanism for rotating the cylinder around the first axis and the second axis at the edge portion of the cylinder, and an optical conductor cable inserted into the cylinder at a place near to the first axis, the edge portion surface of which is elongated to the other edge portion of the cylinder.

Abstract: Method, devices and systems are disclosed which provide for the indirect, substantially glare-free, directional lighting of three-dimensional objects, by which artificial light is generated at a central point which is recessed, in close proximity to, and below the object to be illuminated, said light being directed downwardly against a reflective surface and then upwardly in the direction of such object in the shape of a predetermined light mantle substantially enveloping the object without significant scattering of light. Shielding means above the light source protect the eyes of observers from direct view of the light. The upwardly reflected light is centripetally and indirectly visible without glare by its reflections from the illuminated object.

Abstract: An improved lighting system for growing plants indoors, the lighting system comprising a means for continuously moving a high intensity light over the plants in a cyclic manner simulating daily exposure to the sun in a natural environment.

Abstract: A lighted plant stand (1) for holding a houseplant of the type which hangs or vines downwardly from the plant pot or extends outwardly therefrom. A base (2) adapted for placement on a floor, table or other supporting surface is provided with an upstanding central support (65) or a central cylinder (19), which may be provided with a reflective surface. A pot-like plant container (3) or flat plant holder (101) is spaced upwardly of the base (2). An outside cylinder member (4) is mounted on the outer edge of the base (2) and the plant container (3) rests on the upper end of the outside cylinder member (4). A pair of elongated fluorescent lights (13) are mounted between the base (2) and the plant container (3) between the outside cylinder member (4). The central cylinder (19) and the outside cylinder member (4) are formed with apertures for ventilating the lights (13). A circular fluorescent light (41) may be alternatively mounted in the stand (1), and the device may also be formed in a polygonal configuration.

Abstract: An elongated light source is positioned at the focal point of a reflector which is shaped so that the majority of the light generated by the light source is provided over a 60.degree. included angle along its length, uniformly illuminating a defined area on a light delivery plane, the defined area having a longitudinal dimension equal to the length of the light source, and a transverse dimension equal to the distance between the reflector and the light delivery plane.