Abstract: Consumable abrasive-containing oral hygiene tablets are described. The tablets include glycine as an abrasive. The glycine average (Mv) particle size may be greater than 45 ?m. The tablets may be used with an oral irrigator and, when placed in the irrigator's fluid flow path, may disintegrate, release the abrasive, and improve the cleaning efficacy of the irrigator.

Abstract: A system includes a high-pressure static mixer. The system also includes a clean fluid system that provides clean fluid to the first high-pressure static mixer at a first fluid velocity and a proppant fluid system that provides a proppant concentrate to the first high-pressure static mixer at a second fluid velocity. Additionally, the system includes a wellhead in fluid communication with the first high-pressure static mixer. The wellhead receives a mixed fluid including the clean fluid and the proppant concentrate from the first high-pressure static mixer.

Abstract: Material flow amplifiers comprise at least one helix vane within a vortex chamber of an amplifier body and at least a portion of an outer edge portion of the at least one helix vane is attached to an interior surface of the amplifier body. A centralizer tube is centrally located within the amplifier body and has at least a portion of an inner edge portion of the at least one helix vane is attached to an exterior surface thereof. Such material flow amplifiers provide for flow of flowable material within a flow passage of a material flow conduit to have a cyclonic flow (i.e., vortex or swirling) profile. Advantageously, the cyclonic flow profile centralizes flow toward the central portion of the flow passage, thereby reducing laminar flow to provide for increased flow rate in addition to reducing inner pipeline wear and energy consumption.

Abstract: Disclosed material flow amplifiers have opposing amplifier bodies each with a profile that jointly defines an amplifier body (i.e., “clamshell configuration”). The amplifier body has a flow expander section and a vortex inducer section. A vortex chamber insert is within at least an interior space of the vortex inducer section. Such material flow amplifiers provide for flow of flowable material within a flow passage of a material flow conduit (e.g., a portion of a pipeline, tubing or the like) to have a cyclonic flow (i.e., vortex or swirling) profile. Advantageously, the cyclonic flow profile centralizes flow toward the central portion of the flow passage, thereby reducing laminar flow.

Abstract: A denuder, such as a bone stock denuder container, is disclosed. The denuder includes a nozzle and a container body. The nozzle is configured to be fluidically coupled to a source of fluid and to direct a fluid stream. The container body includes curved chamber wall that forms a wash chamber. The wash chamber is configured to receive a bone stock. The nozzle is configured to direct the fluid stream to impact the curved chamber wall.

Abstract: Material flow amplifiers as disclosed herein overcome drawbacks associated with known adverse flow conditions (e.g., surface erosion and head losses) that arise from flow of certain types of materials (e.g., fluids, slurries, particulates, flowable aggregate, and the like) through a material flow conduit. Such material flow amplifiers provide for flow of flowable material within a flow passage of a material flow conduit (e.g., a portion of a pipeline, tubing or the like) to have a cyclonic flow (i.e., vortex or swirling) profile. Advantageously, the cyclonic flow profile centralizes flow toward the central portion of the flow passage, thereby reducing magnitude of laminar flow. Such cyclonic flow profile provides a variety of other advantages as compared to a parabolic flow profile (e.g., increased flow rate, reduce inner pipeline wear, more uniform inner pipe wear, reduction in energy consumption, reduced or eliminated slugging and the like).

Abstract: Material flow amplifiers as disclosed herein overcome drawbacks associated with known adverse flow conditions (e.g., surface erosion and head losses) that arise from flow of certain types of materials (e.g., fluids, slurries, particulates, flowable aggregate, and the like) through a material flow conduit. Such material flow amplifiers provide for flow of flowable material within a flow passage of a material flow conduit (e.g., a portion of a pipeline, tubing or the like) to have a cyclonic flow (i.e., vortex or swirling) profile. Advantageously, the cyclonic flow profile centralizes flow toward the central portion of the flow passage, thereby reducing magnitude of laminar flow. Such cyclonic flow profile provides a variety of other advantages as compared to a parabolic flow profile (e.g., increased flow rate, reduce inner pipeline wear, more uniform inner pipe wear, reduction in energy consumption, reduced or eliminated slugging and the like).

Abstract: Material flow amplifiers as disclosed herein overcome drawbacks associated with known adverse flow conditions (e.g., surface erosion and head losses) that arise from flow of certain types of materials (e.g., fluids, slurries, particulates, flowable aggregate, and the like) through a material flow conduit. Such material flow amplifiers provide for flow of flowable material within a flow passage of a material flow conduit (e.g., a portion of a pipeline, tubing or the like) to have a cyclonic flow (i.e., vortex or swirling) profile. Advantageously, the cyclonic flow profile centralizes flow toward the central portion of the flow passage, thereby reducing magnitude of laminar flow. Such cyclonic flow profile provides a variety of other advantages as compared to a parabolic flow profile (e.g., increased flow rate, reduce inner pipeline wear, more uniform inner pipe wear, reduction in energy consumption, reduced or eliminated slugging and the like).

Abstract: A mixing system for producing a drilling fluid for ground drilling includes a feed for a powdered medium and a mixing chamber with a feed for a fluid medium. A space is provided between the feed for the powdered medium and the mixing chamber, having sliding elements therein, which sliding elements can seal off the space at one end.

Abstract: Material flow amplifiers as disclosed herein overcome drawbacks associated with known adverse flow conditions (e.g., surface erosion and head losses) that arise from flow of certain types of materials (e.g., fluids, slurries, particulates, flowable aggregate, and the like) through a material flow conduit. Such material flow amplifiers provide for flow of flowable material within a flow passage of a material flow conduit (e.g., a portion of a pipeline, tubing or the like) to have a cyclonic flow (i.e., vortex or swirling) profile. Advantageously, the cyclonic flow profile centralizes flow toward the central portion of the flow passage, thereby reducing magnitude of laminar flow. Such cyclonic flow profile provides a variety of other advantages as compared to a parabolic flow profile (e.g., increased flow rate, reduce inner pipeline wear, more uniform inner pipe wear, reduction in energy consumption, reduced or eliminated slugging and the like).

Abstract: A mixing device has an elongate shell, an inlet, an outlet and at least one shear orifice between the inlet and the outlet. A hydration passage is located between the shear orifice and the outlet. The hydration passage has a flow area greater than a total shear flow area of the shear orifice, greater than an inlet flow area of the inlet and greater than an outlet flow area of the outlet. During operation, a polymer is mixed in a fluid flow flowing to the intake of a positive displacement pump, which pumps the fluid through the mixing device and into an injection conduit leading into a well. The shear orifice produces high shear separation of molecules of the polymer. The hydration passage causes hydration under pressure of the various polymer molecules in addition to blending the various chemicals and/or gases with other components of the fluid flow stream.

Abstract: A centrifugal microfluidic device having a microfluidic mixing element with a microfluidic mixing chamber in which at least two flows emerging from channels into the chamber at separate places are redirected to land at substantially the same place on a mixing surface provides efficient mixing of two or more fluids in the chamber.

Abstract: Provided are a fluid agitation apparatus using a structure which is simple in shape and short in a fluid passage direction without a movable part so as to produce a sufficient effect from the viewpoint of reducing temperature fluctuation, and a thermostatic apparatus using the fluid agitation apparatus. The fluid agitation apparatus is installed in a fluid passage and includes, in an order from an upstream side thereof: a dividing part for dividing a flow of a fluid into a plurality of flows; a circumvolving part for circumvolving the fluid about an axis in a flow direction of the fluid; and an accelerating part for increasing a flow rate of the fluid.

Abstract: A method and system for providing a homogenized slurry output comprises a container body defining an interior portion, a discharge for supplying the slurry from the container body to a downstream source and at least one inlet in fluid communication with a pressurized supply of slurry for introducing the slurry into the interior portion of the container body in a circulation pattern that creates a homogenized mixture of slurry in the interior portion of the body.

Abstract: A mixer for mixing immiscible fluids includes a mixer housing defining a flow passage therethrough from a first fluid inlet to an outlet thereof. An upstream portion of the flow passage defines a main longitudinal axis. A second fluid inlet is provided downstream of the first fluid inlet in fluid communication with the upstream portion of the flow passage. The second fluid inlet is offset with respect to the main longitudinal axis of the flow passage to introduce fluid along a path that is offset with respect to the main longitudinal axis for inducing swirl on fluids introduced at the first and second fluid inlets. In certain embodiments, a mixer section is included having a flow constriction defined in a downstream portion of the flow passage with a flow area smaller than that of the upstream portion of the flow passage for enhancing turbulent mixing of fluids therein.

Abstract: The invention provides a working trough and a method for maintaining a uniform temperature of a working fluid. The working trough is applied to an electrical discharge machine that performs wire cutting using the working fluid. The method for maintaining a uniform temperature of the working fluid is applied to the working trough and characterized by forming opening structures in a receiving slot of the working trough such that a spiral swirl having a predetermined height is allowed to be formed in the working fluid, thereby maintaining a uniform temperature of the working fluid in the receiving slot when a wire cutting process is performed in the working fluid by the electrical discharge machine. The disturbance of the spiral swirl also facilitates the discharge of scraps. The present invention further has an advantage of low cost.

Abstract: A device for providing a mixture of compressed air and liquid reducing agent includes a first inflow duct for reducing agent, a second inflow duct for compressed air, an outlet duct for the mixture, a mixing point at which compressed air and reducing agent are merged, and a mixing duct which adjoins the mixing point and which connects the mixing point and the outlet duct. The first inflow duct opens into the mixing point in an axial direction. The second inflow duct is connected to the mixing point through at least one injection duct. The at least one injection duct opens into the mixing point in a tangential direction. A method for mixing liquid reducing agent and compressed air to form a mixture and a motor vehicle having the device, are also provided.

Abstract: One embodiment can be an apparatus for contacting a first liquid and a second liquid. The apparatus can include a vessel, which in turn, may include at least one wall, a first member, and a funnical frustum. The at least one wall can form a perimeter about an interior space. Also, the first member can be positioned within the interior space and form a plurality of passageways. Each passageway may be bordered by a first side and a second side from an outer region to an interior surface of the first member. Generally, the funnical frustum is positioned downstream of the first member to facilitate a swirling of at least one of the first and second liquids.

Abstract: Methods are provided for achieving dynamic mixing of two or more fluid streams using a mixing device. The methods include providing at least two integrated concentric contours that are configured to simultaneously direct fluid flow and transform the kinetic energy level of the first and second fluid streams, and directing fluid flow through the at least two integrated concentric contours such that, in two adjacent contours, the first and second fluid streams are input in opposite directions. As a result, the physical effects acting on each stream of each contour are combined, increasing the kinetic energy of the mix and transforming the mix from a first kinetic energy level to a second kinetic energy level, where the second kinetic energy level is greater than the first kinetic energy level.

Abstract: The invention provides a working trough and a method for maintaining a uniform temperature of a working fluid. The working trough is applied to an electrical discharge machine that performs wire cutting using the working fluid. The method for maintaining a uniform temperature of the working fluid is applied to the working trough and characterized by forming opening structures in a receiving slot of the working trough such that a spiral swirl having a predetermined height is allowed to be formed in the working fluid, thereby maintaining a uniform temperature of the working fluid in the receiving slot when a wire cutting process is performed in the working fluid by the electrical discharge machine. The disturbance of the spiral swirl also facilitates the discharge of scraps. The present invention further has an advantage of low cost.

Abstract: Embodiments of gas mixing apparatus are provided herein. In some embodiments, a gas mixing apparatus may include a container defining an interior volume, the container having a closed top and bottom and a sidewall having a circular cross section with respect to a central axis of the container passing through the top and bottom; a plurality of first inlets coupled to the container proximate the top of the container to provide a plurality of process gases to the interior volume of the container, the plurality of first inlets disposed such that a flow path of the plurality of process gases through the plurality of first inlets is substantially tangential to the sidewall of the container; and an outlet coupled to the container proximate the bottom of the container to allow the plurality of process gases to be removed from the interior volume of the container.

Abstract: A mixing device having a chamber is provided. The chamber includes an inlet, a main body, and a flow axis. The main body is configured for containing a fluid circulating generally along the flow axis. The inlet is configured to receive at least one fluid stream and is oriented in a flow plane generally perpendicular to the flow axis. A plurality of mixing channels that each receive portions of the fluid stream from the inlet are provided. The plurality of mixing channels are each oriented along the flow plane and have unequal distinct lengths configured to release the portions of the fluid stream into the chamber at discrete time intervals.

Abstract: A mixer drum apparatus to stir material to be stored includes a freely-rotatable drum having an opening end opened at one end to receive the material to be stored therein, a plurality of spirally-shaped blades provided inside the drum to have a phase difference, and an inlet seal provided at the opening end of the drum and connected partially to the blades. The inlet seal located between the blades forms an opening causing the material to be stored to pass through.

Abstract: In order to dissolve cleaning tablets in a constant stream of media, a rinsing out chamber is suggested, in which the tablet is dissolved in an upward rotary stream of the medium, that keeps it afloat against a filter mesh.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for mixing streams of regenerated and carbonized catalyst involves passing a catalyst stream into and out of a chamber in a lower section of a riser. The chamber fosters mixing of the catalyst streams to reduce their temperature differential before contacting hydrocarbon feed.

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing a composition having a continuous phase and a disperse phase dispersed finely with low polydispersity in the continuous phase, with high production efficiency. The composition is produced by the production method including the steps of: (A) passing the swirling flow of the continuous phase liquid into a cylindrical body the circumferential surface of which is either in part or entirely formed by a porous membrane, (B1) supplying the disperse phase fluid to the swirling flow via the porous membrane to form the particles of the disperse phase on the porous membrane, and (B2) detaching the disperse phase particles formed on the porous membrane by the shear force of the swirling flow.

Abstract: A static continuous flow mixer, with or without reaction, is provided with basic cells, which are individually provided with an individualized chamber (1). The basic cells are also provided with at least two connecting channels (2), at least two of them being oblique relatively to the resulting direction (x) of the flow in the mixer, and with at least two additional apertures (0) for connection with the exterior. The cells interconnect successively in the space, forming a network. The mixer promotes convective processes. The dimensions (Dj, li, di, ?), the geometry of the chambers (spherical or cylindrical) and of the channels (cylindrical or prismatic) may vary, as well as their quantity.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for contacting a fluid stream with particulate solids are provided. The apparatus comprises a vessel having an upper portion and a lower portion and an inlet for receiving particulate solids and an outlet for discharging the particulate solids. An inner cone is coaxially positioned within an inverted truncated outer cone forming an annulus in the lower portion of the vessel. A truncated conical baffle is disposed within the lower portion of the vessel and at least partially above the inverted truncated outer cone and the inner cone. The truncated conical baffle has a downwardly and inwardly sloping wall with a lower portion thereof overlapping interiorly an upper portion of the inverted truncated outer cone. A plurality of guide tents are spaced apart in the annulus, each guide tent having sloped guide surfaces oriented to guide the flow of particulate solids into the outlet.

Abstract: A carrier fluid and an added input fluid are mixed together in a static mixer to create an emulsified output fluid mixture. The static mixer comprises a plurality of mixing chambers whose cross-sectional size expand considerably relative to an inlet, a series of bent and curved baffle plates which divert, rotate, divide, reverse and otherwise create turbulence in the combined flow, and inlet chamber in which the added input fluid is dispensed upstream into the carrier fluid, and a number of other structural mixing elements which, through turbulence, abrupt pressure drops and velocity changes, subdivide the added input mixture into very small volumetric quantities evenly dispersed within the carrier fluid to create a homogeneous output fluid mixture.

Abstract: A mixer for insertion into a rotor of a centrifuge has a mixing trough and an obstacle device with at least one obstacle. The at least one obstacle is configured in order to influence the flow of a liquid present in the mixing trough. In response to a rotation of the rotor, with a specified incorporation of the mixer in a holder of the rotor, a spacing between at least one wall section of the mixing trough and the obstacle device is variable such that the liquid present in the mixing trough flows around the obstacle of the obstacle device.

Abstract: An inline mixer structure that is compact and has a high mixing efficiency is provided. In an inline mixer structure that forms a fluid mixture by evenly mixing and diffusing different types of fluid, a cylindrical mixer body (10) that is provided with a space portion (11) that passes therethrough in an axial direction, and a plug-shaped member (20) that is integrated by being inserted from the upstream side of the space portion (11) are provided. A chemical fluid and pure water are mixed and diffused after merging inside the space portion, where the chemical fluid is radially discharged toward a space portion (11) because the downstream end portion of a chemical fluid flow path (21) that is formed in an axial direction of the plug-shaped member (20) is closed, and pure water flows in from an eccentric fluid flow path formed so as to pass through the outer peripheral surface of the mixer body (10) at a position offset from the axial center of the space portion cross-section.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mixing device for mixing a liquid, such as water, with an instant ingredient to form a beverage. The mixing device comprises a mixing chamber and a rotor which, during rotation about the axis of rotation, defines a surface of revolution extending along the circumference of the rotor. The rotor is arranged in the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber comprises a peripheral wall zone having a substantially circular cross section. The peripheral wall zone surrounds the surface of revolution. An outlet duct for discharging the mixture formed is connected to the mixing chamber. The inlet of the outlet duct is provided at the rotor. At least one rotor rib is provided at the peripheral wall zone. This rotor rib extends from the peripheral wall zone in the direction of the surface of revolution of the rotor.

Abstract: A multi-component coating spray application system comprises: a source of a first coating component, a source of a second coating component, a dynamic mixer in fluid flow communication with the sources of the first and second coating components, wherein the dynamic mixer comprises a mixing chamber and a movable stirring member in the mixing chamber, and a spray gun in fluid flow communication with an outlet port of the dynamic mixer.

Abstract: A mixer for mixing immiscible fluids includes a mixer housing defining a flow passage therethrough from a first fluid inlet to an outlet thereof. An upstream portion of the flow passage defines a main longitudinal axis. A second fluid inlet is provided downstream of the first fluid inlet in fluid communication with the upstream portion of the flow passage. The second fluid inlet is offset with respect to the main longitudinal axis of the flow passage to introduce fluid along a path that is offset with respect to the main longitudinal axis for inducing swirl on fluids introduced at the first and second fluid inlets. In certain embodiments, a mixer section is included having a flow constriction defined in a downstream portion of the flow passage with a flow area smaller than that of the upstream portion of the flow passage for enhancing turbulent mixing of fluids therein.

Abstract: A feedwell assembly for a thickener/clarifier includes a feedwell body, at least one infeed conduit connected at a downstream end to the body, and at least one spin or rotation inducement element disposed as part of the infeed conduit for imparting rotation or spin to a slurry stream fed to the feedwell body via the infeed conduit. The spin or rotation inducement element may be a fixed and rigid structural member such as a vane or baffle, or include actively operated elements. Multiple such spin or rotation inducement elements may be provided in various locations in or adjacent the infeed conduit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a milk foaming device with a mixing chamber, which is arranged downstream of a steam supply pipe and which is connected to a milk and/or milk/air supply pipe, and a discharge device for the mixture arranged downstream of the mixing chamber, which has a number of discharge channels. The emitted milk foam flow is to be improved. To achieve this the discharge openings of the discharge channels are sloped at an angle to the cross-sectional plane of the discharge channel and the slope angles of the discharge openings of the discharge channels have the same vertex.

Abstract: Disclosed is a water saving device which provides the pressure and amount of water to be delivered that can satisfy the comfortable sense of water usage, regardless of whether the water may be supplied under the high pressure or low pressure or whether the water may be supplied in the larger or smaller amount. In accordance with the present invention, the water saving device comprises a hollow cylindrical body that is adapted to be attached to a water passage conduit or pipe. The hollow cylindrical body includes a first plate member disposed perpendicular to the direction of the water flowing through the water passage conduit or pipe. The first plate member has a plurality of first water passage holes formed thereon at regular intervals with regard to each other in the circumferential direction. A water guide member is further included.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for mixing and/or blending fluids in a pressurized container, where fluids flow through an elongated blunt ended stinger and/or an inwardly chamfered ended stinger within the container, where under controlled pressure the fluids are substantially mixed or blended within the container. An optional diffuser plate adjacent the stinger end may be used.

Abstract: Fluid blending apparatus and methods are provided, the blending apparatus including components accommodating both passive and/or active mixing. The apparatus for performing the methods include a main body and closure connectable to define a chamber having a fluid outlet. A valved fluid inlet channel opens into the chamber and is tangentially oriented relative to a peripheral wall thereof so that fluid entering the chamber has a primary vortical flow circulation direction. A fluid injection channel opens to the inlet channel at an acute angle relative to direction of fluid flow through the inlet channel. A plurality of barriers is arrayed in the chamber to define interconnected inner and outer chamber portions. An impeller is rotatably mounted at the inner chamber portion and includes a plurality of blades oriented to urge flow from the inner chamber portion to the outer chamber portion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reconstituting consumable powder(s) with a liquid to provide a food liquid such as milk, cappuccino-type beverage, or soup with or without froth. The powder is introduced into a container and pre-wetted by an intersecting liquid spray. Further mixing occurs in the container. The container may have additional liquid streams feeding into the container for increased mixing. This food liquid can then be aspirated by the Venturi effect by steam generation to produce a frothed/aerated food liquid.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for preparing wellbore viscous treatment gels from dry polymer and water. The apparatus includes an eductor which slurries dry polymer with water, at least two input tubes, wherein one input tube is connected with the eductor, and another to a water source. The apparatus also includes a mixing chimney connected to the input tubes. The mixing chimney includes a lower input section with inlets connected to the input tubes wherein a jet of metered dilution water is applied at high pressure to the incoming polymer-water slurry stream. This mixture is then accelerated in a circular, and preferably upward, motion where it is sheared against the wall of a central section of the chimney, without the use of an impeller. The chimney further includes an output section that comprising holes circumferentially located, through which the mixture passes from the central section and into a hydration tank.

Abstract: A micromixing chamber, roughly in the form of an hourglass, having a first outer end with a tangential inflow opening and a second outer end with a tangential outflow opening. The mixing chamber in the overall flow direction first narrows more or less gradually and subsequently widens more or less abruptly. The micromixer may be made at least partially of glass, or at least partially of a plurality of glass plates. A micromixer having a plurality of such micromixing chambers connected fluidically in series is also disclosed. Methods for manufacturing such a micromixing chamber of such a micromixer, as well as method for mixing by means of such a micromixing chamber or by means of such a micromixer, are disclosed.

Abstract: The dynamic mixer for mixing components in different volumetric amounts comprises a rotor housing (25) in which a mixing rotor is arranged and which is closed on the inlet side by a cover (45) on which inlets for the components are arranged. The inlet (47) for the first component having the larger volumetric amount leads to an antechamber (32) that communicates with a following mixing chamber (36) by at least one passage (19). The mixing rotor (10) includes a distributor body (13) located in the antechamber for distributing the first component around the axis of rotation of the mixing rotor. The inlet (48) for the second component having the smaller volumetric amount leads to at least one inlet opening (54) located in the area of the passage to the mixing chamber transversally to the axis of rotation.

Abstract: A cyclone type cylindrical body 10 having a part whose diameter decreases in the direction toward a lower opening from an upper opening is used, and liquid is made fall in the inside of the cylindrical body 10 while swirling and thereby accelerated to form a vortex flow. Fine particles are charged into the center of the vortex flow so as to be wrapped by the vortex flow, and thereby the both are mixed. By this characteristic, the fine particles do not contact with an inner wall of the cylindrical body, and therefore clogging does not occur in the cylindrical body. Moreover, the pressure around the center of the vortex flow becomes negative, and the fine particles are aspirated. Therefore, dust is hardly generated. Thus, a mixing apparatus of a small size that can slurry fine particles without much maintenance cost can be provided.

Abstract: There are provided a fluid injection nozzle, a fluid mixer, a microbubble generating apparatus, a vapor phase generating apparatus, a method of producing swirling flow, and a swirling flow producing apparatus that can be applied to any kind of fluid and can efficiently generate a swirling flow at high speed. The swirling flow producing apparatus includes a housing and a cylindrical member. The housing includes a cylindrical portion of which at least one end is opened, and a fluid introducing passage that is opened on an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion. The cylindrical member is provided in the cylindrical portion of the housing. The cylindrical member includes a cylindrical portion of which at least one end in a direction corresponding to an opening direction of the cylindrical portion is opened, and holes formed in a peripheral wall of the cylindrical portion.

Abstract: A premasher (1, 100) for beer brewing processes, having a downpipe (2) for a stream of grist and an inlet opening (9) for mash water which opens into the downpipe (2). In order to improve the mixing degree of mash water and grist, the inlet opening (9) has associated therewith a turbulence-generating flow guide means (15, 25).

Abstract: The mixer is static, of continuous flow, with or without reaction, and provided with basic cells, and is characterised in that these are individually provided with an individualised chamber (1), provided with at least two connecting channels (2), at least two of them being oblique relatively to the resulting direction (x) of the flow in the mixer, and with at least two additional apertures (0) for connection with the exterior, and in that said cells interconnect successively in the space, forming a network. It promotes convective processes. The dimensions (Dj, li, di, Ø), the geometry of the chambers (spherical or cylindrical) and of the channels (cylindrical or prismatic) may vary, as well as their quantity.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus for desalinating water are provided. A vessel includes a water intake system, a reverse osmosis system, a concentrate discharge system, a permeate transfer system, a power source, and a control system. The concentrate discharge system includes a plurality of concentrate discharge ports.

Abstract: A catalytic hydrocracking reactor vessel includes enhanced components for the conversion of a hydrogen gas and fossil fuel feedstream to light liquid hydrocarbons. The reactor vessel comprises one or more of a reactor cup riser with a helical cyclonic separator conduit for separating a liquid and vapor product stream to provide an essentially vapor-free liquid recycle stream; a grid plate bubble cap with wall housing having serrated edges for producing small hydrogen bubbles of increased total surface area of bubbles at lower pressure drop; a feedstream inlet pipe sparger containing rows of downward directed slots for even distribution of the feedstream across the cross-sectional area of the reactor and providing free drain of solid particles from the sparger; and optionally a liquid recycle inlet distributor containing vertically curved plates for creating a whirling motion in the liquid recycle stream for better mixing with the feedstream with minimal solids settling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mechanical device with no moving parts that homogeneously mixes two or more liquids or liquids and gases. It is possible with the device to totally saturate liquids with gas droplets of less than one micron. The device comprises an inlet for partially mixed components leading to a plurality of passageways converging axially into a chamber which has radial openings into another chamber defined by a conical member converging in the axial direction and having an opening at its apex to exit the mixed components, the components exiting the radial openings collide with the walls of the conical member producing shear and turbulence and subsequently spinning within the conical member and are then subjected to increased pressure in the axial direction by the converging wall of the conical member.