Abstract: The present invention relates to a mobile work machine, in particular to an excavator, that comprises an undercarriage having a tracked chassis, a rail mounting, or a wheeled chassis, a superstructure having an attachment fastened thereto, and a slewing ring that rotatably connects the undercarriage and the superstructure to one another. The work machine is characterized by a decentralized energy supply and/or by a decentralized supply network, preferably a DC supply network, and a slip ring for transferring electrical energy between the superstructure and the undercarriage.

Abstract: An work vehicle includes a chassis. A prime mover, an operator cab and a camera are supported by the chassis. The operator cab has a user interface. A first ground-engaging member and a second ground-engaging member positioned on opposite sides of the chassis are configured to move the work vehicle in a direction of travel when actuated by the prime mover. A work attachment is movably coupled to the chassis by a coupling mechanism. The camera is configured to capture an image of an area between the one of the first and second ground-engaging members and the work attachment and an area in front of the work attachment. A control system includes a controller in communication with the user interface and the camera. The controller is configured to display the image captured by the camera on the user interface.

Abstract: A position monitoring system for an agricultural system includes a controller having a memory and a processor. The controller is configured to receive a remote sensor signal from a remote sensor indicative of a state of a reference element on one of a work vehicle or an agricultural implement coupled to the work vehicle, determine an orientation of the agricultural implement relative to the work vehicle based at least in part on the remote sensor signal, and output a control signal to control operation of the agricultural system based at least in part on the orientation of the agricultural implement relative to the work vehicle.

Abstract: An aircraft hoist system includes hoist equipment arranged in an aircraft, the hoist equipment including a motor, a cable, and a hook portion. The aircraft hoist system also includes at least one sensor configured to obtain measurements and a processor configured to analyze the measurements from the at least one sensor. The aircraft hoist system also includes the processor configured to determine motor control signals to control the motor based on an analysis of the measurements from the at least one sensor to reduce sway and/or oscillations of the cable while lifting a load. The aircraft hoist system also includes the processor configured to control the motor to lift the load with the cable based on the determined motor control signals.

Abstract: A bucket height notification device includes a bucket height specification unit and a bucket height notification unit. The bucket height specification unit specifies a bucket height from a ground surface to a bucket of work equipment included in a work vehicle related to remote operation. The bucket height notification unit notifies of the bucket height.

Abstract: A driver assist device and an adaptive warning method thereof are provided. The driver assist device includes a processor and a non-transitory storage medium containing program instructions executed by the processor. The processor detects outdoor and indoor information of a vehicle using a detector and determines a warning mode based on a traveling situation and a driver state identified through the detector when a warming-requiring situation is recognized during an operation of a driver assist function. A warning is then output based on the determined warning mode.

Abstract: A system includes a work machine having a work implement including a bucket, and a server capable of communicating with the work machine. The work machine transmits an identification number associated with the work machine to the server. The server obtains basic data based on the identification information and used for calculating the position of teeth of the bucket. The server transmits the obtained basic data to the work machine.

Abstract: An image display system for a work machine including working equipment having a working tool and a turning body to which the working equipment is attached, includes: a position detector detecting at least one of an attitude and a position of the working equipment; a distance detector obtaining information on a distance from the work machine to a work target; and a processing device that generates, by using information on a position of the working tool obtained by the position detector and information on a position of the work target obtained from the information on the distance obtained by the distance detector, a first image including a portion corresponding to a part of the working tool and extending along a turning direction of the turning body, on the work target opposed to the working tool, and displays the first image on the display device.

Abstract: A construction machine that frequently changes between a forward and reverse direction of movement includes a system and method for operating the machine such that rotation of the operator seat can change the direction and speed of the machine's movement to minimize disorientation by the operator. The machine can be changed from moving in the forward direction to moving in the reverse direction, without changing the position of a propel lever or joystick that is used to control the direction and speed of the machine's movement. Rotation of the seat can be used to proportionally reduce the speed of the machine as the machine nears a threshold for changing direction. The joystick can be a dual axis lever that can move along a longitudinal axis and a lateral axis. The direction of movement and speed of the machine can depend on a combination of the joystick position and seat position.

Abstract: When a first control valve and a second control valve are in non-neutral positions, respectively, a fifth fluid passage and a second fluid passage are closed, thereby generating a first pressure within a fifth portion of the fifth fluid passage and a second pressure within a second portion of the second fluid passage, so that the first pressure is applied to a first valve through a fourth fluid passage to move the first valve to close the third fluid passage and a second pressure is applied to the confluence valve through a first fluid passage to move the confluence valve to a confluence position. When the confluence valve is in the confluence position, the confluence valve directs working fluid from a first working fluid supply to the second control valve.

Abstract: An input device for performing control functions of a machine having a work tool may include a left-hand joystick mounted on a left armrest of an operator's seat, and a right-hand joystick mounted on a right armrest of an operator's seat. Each of the left-hand and right-hand joysticks may include a base portion configured to conform to and least partially cradle an operator's hand, a handle extending from the base portion with a proximal end of the handle being connected to the base portion, and a distal end of the handle supporting a head portion of the joystick. The head portion of the joystick may include a front surface including a configurable face plate. The configurable face plate may include one of a pair of upshift and downshift buttons or a roller configured to perform one of discrete or continuously variable shifting, respectively, of a transmission of the machine. The handle may include a thumb rest area at the distal end of the handle transitioning into the head portion of the joystick.

Abstract: A shovel includes a lower traveling body, an upper turning body turnably mounted on the lower traveling body, a cab mounted on the upper turning body, an attachment attached to the upper turning body, and a display device provided in the cab. The display device is configured to display an image. The image includes numerical information items indicating the relationship between two positions of the leading edge of the attachment at two points of time and graphics each corresponding to one of the numerical information items.

Abstract: A hydraulic system includes a first output fluid tube connecting between a hydraulic pump to output operation fluid and a first operation valve to change a first pilot pressure of the operation fluid, a second output fluid tube connected between the hydraulic pump and a second operation valve to change a second pilot pressure of the operation fluid, a switching valve provided in the second output fluid tube, and a warm-up fluid tube connected between the first operation valve and the switching valve, wherein the switching valve is switched between a first position allowing the operation fluid to be drained through the first output fluid tube, the first operation valve, the warm-up fluid tube and the switching valve, and a second position allowing the operation fluid to be supplied through second output fluid tube to the second operation valve.

Abstract: A hydraulic excavator includes a controller (40) that executes region limiting control to forcibly raise a boom (8) in such a manner that a position of a tip end of a bucket (10) is kept on a target excavation surface and within a region above the target excavation surface if an operation device (45b, 46a) issues an action direction to an arm (9) or the bucket. The controller determines which is selected as a control mode over a raising speed of the boom at a time of executing region limiting control, a first mode or a second mode specified by a raising speed lower than a raising speed of the first mode if the tip end of the bucket is located below the target excavation surface, and controls the raising speed of the boom based on a result of determination.

Abstract: A construction machine includes: a flow rate regulating part which regulates a flow rate of hydraulic oil supplied from a hydraulic pump to a hydraulic actuator, and a control device—which controls driving of a work device. The control device includes: an acquiring part for acquiring a motion state amount of a combined center of gravity of a plurality of members which constitute the work device; and a generating part which generates an instruction value for controlling an operation of the flow rate regulating part such that the motion state amount follows a predetermined first target value, the instruction value being used for executing a feedback control based on the first target value and the motion state amount, and inputs the instruction value to the flow rate regulating part.

Abstract: Work contents by a work implement are more accurately distinguished. Work contents by the work implement include at least two of dozing, piling, and excavation and loading. A controller distinguishes work contents by the work implement. The controller identifies work contents during a period from start of the works until end of the works based on a result of distinction between at least two temporally distant work contents in work records during the period from the start of the works until the end of the works.

Abstract: A work vehicle includes a traveling unit, a revolving unit disposed on an upper side of the traveling unit, a work implement disposed on the revolving unit, a revolving driver that revolves the revolving unit, a receiver, an end position setting component, a revolution position sensor, and a drive controller. The receiver directly or indirectly receives information related to a position of an object serving as a target of a revolution of the revolving unit, from the object. The end position setting component sets an end position of a revolution of the revolving unit based on information related to the position of the object. The revolution position sensor senses a revolution position of the revolving unit during a revolution. The drive controller controls the revolving driver based on the revolution position to revolve the revolving unit from a start position of a revolution to the end position.

Abstract: A system includes calibrating a grade control system of a work vehicle having a controller operatively connected to a camera. A plurality of cylinders operative to move a blade on the vehicle. The blade includes one or more blade markers. One of the cylinders moves to a predetermined configuration that is between 0% and 100% of maximum stroke length, and the camera takes a corresponding image of the one or more blade markers. The controller measures a corresponding location of the one or more blade markers using the corresponding image and calibrates the grade control system based on the corresponding location of the one or more blade markers. The stored corresponding location can be an initial calibration location or a corresponding calibration location that was previously determined during operating conditions of the work vehicle. The grade control system is calibrated in real-time while the work vehicle is operating or stationary.

Abstract: An autonomous earth moving system can select an action for an earth moving vehicle (EMV) to autonomously perform using a tool (such as an excavator bucket). The system then generates a set of candidate tool paths, each illustrating a potential path for the tool to trace as the earth moving vehicle performs the action. In some cases, the system uses an online learning model iteratively trained to determine which candidate tool path best satisfies one or more metrics measuring the success of the action. The earth moving vehicle the executes the earth moving action using the selected tool path and measures the results of the action. In some implementations, the autonomous earth moving system updates the machine learning model based on the result of the executed action.

Abstract: A control stand is disclosed for controlling a crane, an excavator, a crawler, or a similar construction machine having a seat, control elements actuable from the seat for inputting control commands, a display apparatus for displaying information, and a control unit for generating adjustment signals in dependence on input control commands and/or for providing information to the display apparatus. A crane is disclosed having such a control stand that can be configured in the form of a crane operator's cabin. The control elements and/or the display apparatus of the control stand and various further auxiliary units can be individually configurable. Personal pre-settings can be saved and can be reinvoked when the control stand or the crane is to be controlled by a certain machine operator.

Abstract: A controller outputs a first velocity (first limiting velocity) as a limiting velocity for a boom cylinder when a boom lowering operation amount is smaller than a first operation amount, and outputs a second velocity when the boom lowering operation amount is equal to or larger than the first operation amount. The first velocity is set to decrease according to a decrease in a target surface distance. The second velocity is defined by a weighted average of the first velocity and a third velocity (second limiting velocity) set to change according to one of the target surface distance and the boom lowering operation amount of the operation device, and is set such that an increase in the boom lowering operation amount reduces a weight for the first velocity while increasing a weight for the third velocity.

Abstract: An avoidance position specification unit specifies an interference avoidance position that is higher than a loading object and has no loading object therebelow. A timing determination unit determines a swing start timing based on a remaining swing angle formed by a straight line that extends from a center of swing to a work equipment and a straight line that extends from the center of swing to an interference avoidance position, and a height of the interference avoidance position. An operation signal output unit outputs an operation signal of the work equipment in a case of not reaching the swing start timing and outputs an operation signal for swinging a swing body at swing speed higher than that when not reaching the swing start timing and an operation signal of the work equipment, in a case of reaching the swing start timing.

Abstract: Provided is a work machine with which an operator can easily perform semi-automatic excavating shaping work at an intended excavation velocity.

Abstract: Methods and systems for operating an industrial machine. One system includes a controller that includes an electronic processor. The electronic processor is configured to calculate an eccentricity of a center of gravity of the industrial machine with respect to a center of a bearing propelling the industrial machine and calculate a ground pressure associated with the bearing based on the eccentricity of the center of gravity. The electronic processor is also configured to set a maximum torque applied by an actuator included in the industrial machine to a value less than an available maximum torque based on the eccentricity of the center of gravity and the ground pressure.

Abstract: A paver machine includes a screed arranged to level out road material disposed on the ground and a pressure actuated screed lifting cylinder arranged to lift and lower the screed with respect to the ground. A pressure sensor is arranged to measure the pressure in the cylinder when the screed is being lifted or lowered. Further a control unit configured to receive pressure data from the pressure sensor indicative of the pressure in the screed lifting cylinder when the screed is being lifted by the screed lifting cylinder. Based on analysing the pressure data, the control unit sets a reference height position for the screed.

Abstract: A controller includes a storage device that stores a load overflow reference value defined by a mutual relation between a load value of a work target object, a posture of a work implement, and a movement state of the work implement. The controller calculates the posture of the work implement, and calculates a physical quantity (for example, a swing speed) indicating the movement state of the work implement. The controller estimates whether or not the work implement has caused a load overflow during the transportation of the work target object on the basis of the reference value stored in the storage device, the calculated load value of the work target object, the calculated posture of the work implement, and the calculated physical quantity indicating the movement state of the work implement. When the controller determines that the load overflow has occurred, the controller makes a notification to that effect on a monitor.

Abstract: A shovel management apparatus configured to manage a shovel including a lower traveling body, an upper turning body mounted on the lower traveling body via a turning mechanism, and an excavation attachment attached to the upper turning body includes a memory and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor is configured to obtain fuel consumption information regarding the fuel consumption of the shovel and work mode information indicating the work mode of the shovel set by an operator and aggregate the fuel consumption information according to the work mode.

Abstract: A work machine measurement system includes an image acquisition unit that acquires an image of a work target captured, while a swinging body of a work machine is swinging, by an image capturing device mounted on the swinging body, a three-dimensional position calculation unit that calculates a three-dimensional position of the work target based on the image, a swing data acquisition unit that acquires swing data about the swinging body, a determination unit that determines whether or not the swing data satisfies a predefined swinging condition and an output unit that outputs a swinging instruction signal based on a result of the determination by the determination unit.

Abstract: A valve arrangement for supplying pressure medium to a hydraulic consumer has two utility ports (A, B) for fluid connection to the consumer and has a first control valve. The first control valve (20) has a first intake (24) via which a first intake flow from the first utility port (A) to the consumer (10) is controllable, has a first return control orifice (26) via which a first return flow (28) from the consumer (10) via the second utility port (B) is controllable simultaneously with the first intake (24), has a second intake (34) via which a second intake flow from the second utility port (B) to the consumer (10) is controllable, and having a second return control orifice (36), via which a second return flow (38) from the consumer (10) via the first utility port (A) is controllable simultaneously with the second intake (34). A second control valve (40) has an intake control orifice (42) used to control the respective intake (24, 34) of the first control valve (20).

Abstract: A work vehicle includes a work implement and a controller. The work implement includes a vehicular body that travels in excavation, a boom pivotable with respect to the vehicular body, and a bucket pivotable with respect to the boom. The controller calculates a direction of a cutting edge of the bucket, determines a direction of movement of the cutting edge by an excavation operation such that an excavation angle between the calculated direction of the cutting edge of the bucket and the direction of movement of the cutting edge by the excavation operation keeps a predetermined angle, and causes the work vehicle to perform the excavation operation in the direction of movement.

Abstract: A hydraulic excavator includes: a multijoint type front implement that is configured by coupling a plurality of driven members including a bucket; inertial measurement units that detect posture information about the plurality of driven members; and a calibration value computing section that computes calibration parameters used in calibration of detection results of the inertial measurement units; and a work position computing section that computes a relative position of the bucket to the machine body on the basis of the detection results of the inertial measurement units and the computation result of the calibration value computing section, and the calibration value computing section computes the calibration parameters on the basis of the detection results of the inertial measurement units in a plurality of postures of the front implement in which a reference point set on any of the plurality of driven members in advance matches a reference position.

Abstract: There is a need for a work vehicle that allows accurate traveling time management in a work site traveling. A work vehicle includes a vehicle body mounting a traveling mechanism, an implement mounted on the vehicle body and configured to effect a ground work on a work site, a satellite positioning module 80 for outputting positioning data, a traveling distance calculation section 51 for calculating a traveling distance of the vehicle body based on the positioning data, a traveling time calculation section 52 for calculating an actual distance traveling time from a time required for traveling of traveling distance calculated by the traveling distance calculation section 51 and a work management section 50 for managing the ground work based on the actual distance traveling time.

Abstract: A first required flow rate is calculated as a function of a first maximum allowable flow rate and a value of a first signal. A second required flow rate is calculated as a function of a value of the second signal. When the first maximum allowable flow rate is higher than a first capacity, the value of the first signal is a maximum level, and the value of the second signal is equal to or higher than a minimum level and equal to or lower than a maximum level, a first working fluid supply is controlled to discharge working fluid at a flow rate equal to the first capacity, and a second working fluid supply is controlled to discharge working fluid at a flow rate obtained by deducting the first capacity from the first maximum allowable flow rate, added to the second required flow rate.

Abstract: A carrier comprising at least one hydraulic cylinder having a piston, a controller and a piston position sensor, wherein the carrier is arranged to carry a tool through the use of the hydraulic cylinder and wherein the controller is configured to: receive control input for moving the tool; receive piston position information for at least one piston of the at least one cylinders; determine a current angle for the tool based on the piston position information; and determine that the current angle approximates a desired angle, and in response thereto halt the tool at the desired angle. According to an aspect the controller may be configured to detect and determine the position of a subject relative the carrier based on hydraulic pressure information and tool operational information. Further, the application concerns methods applied with the embodiments of said carrier.

Abstract: A machine for road work for road work, the machine can comprise: a frame, a drive system including a power source carried by the frame, a milling system driven by the power source and a controller. The milling system can comprise: a rotor configured to rotate and remove an amount of material from a working area; a drive member coupling the rotor to be driven by the power source; a tensioner assembly configured to tension the drive member; and a sensor configured to measure the tension of the drive member. The controller can be configured to, in response to a signal received from the sensor, determine if the rotor has encountered an object capable of damaging the rotor.

Abstract: In an excavator, a plurality of lines to be compared with a region of work by an end attachment are set, and the plurality of lines are changed in accordance with progress of excavation work.

Abstract: Images, which are captured by an image capture device on a ground disturbing work machine, and that are taken from different perspectives, and are received. A machine learned image identification model identifies items of interest in the images. A three-dimensional representation is generated based on the set of images. The three-dimensional representation identifies a depth at which the recognized items lie beneath the surface of the soil being excavated. A map request is received which identifies a location and depth for which image data is to be provided. A three-dimensional representation of the location and depth are provided in response to the request.

Abstract: A work machine includes: a satellite communication antenna for detecting a position of an upper swing structure; angle sensors detecting postures of two work devices; position computing devices that calculate postures/positions of the two work devices on the basis of outputs from the satellite communication antenna and the angle sensors; a display device on which the position of at least one work device of the two work devices and a position of a target surface are displayed; a display selection switch that outputs a first input signal for displaying a work device selected by an operator from between the two work devices on the display device; and a display changeover section that displays the work device corresponding to the first input signal input from the display selection switch out of the two work devices and the position of the target work object of the work device on the display device.

Abstract: This description provides an autonomous or semi-autonomous excavation vehicle that is capable of navigating through a dig site and carrying out an excavation routine using a system of sensors physically mounted to the excavation vehicle. The sensors collects any one or more of spatial, imaging, measurement, and location data representing the status of the excavation vehicle and its surrounding environment. Based on the collected data, the excavation vehicle executes instructions to carry out an excavation routine. The excavation vehicle is also able to carry out numerous other tasks, such as checking the volume of excavated earth in an excavation tool, and helping prepare a digital terrain model of the site as part of a process for creating the excavation routine.

Abstract: A controller for a hydraulic excavator includes a first speed computation section that calculates a first speed of an arm cylinder from a value detected by an operation amount sensor; a second speed computation section that calculates a second speed from a value detected by a posture sensor and a third speed computation section calculates a third speed that is used as the speed of the arm cylinder in an actuator control section adapted to execute MC (machine control). The third speed computation section calculates the first speed as the third speed during the period between the detection of an input of operation for an arm by the operation amount sensor and predetermined time to, the third speed as a speed calculated from the first speed and the second speed during the period between t0 and time t1, and the second speed as the third speed at and after time t1.

Abstract: A controller is configured to acquire current terrain information indicating the current terrain in the travel direction of a work vehicle. The controller is configured to generate an inclined virtual surface extending from the current position of the work vehicle. The controller is configured to decide the soil volume of the current terrain located above the virtual surface. The controller is configured to set the virtual surface in which the soil volume of the current terrain becomes a predetermined target soil volume to be a virtual design surface. The controller is configured to generate a command signal to a work implement of the work vehicle to move the work implement along the virtual design surface.

Abstract: A work machine is provided. The work machine includes a changeover valve capable of disabling area limiting control by bypassing an area limiting control solenoid proportional valve disposed in a pilot line through which pilot pressure generated by a hydraulic pilot type operation device is guided to a directional control valve and the work machine can perform the area limiting control while ensuring response of a work implement. When a first fluid temperature T1 is higher than a first predetermined temperature Ta and a control changeover switch 66 specifies disabling of the area limiting control, a controller brings a plurality of changeover valves into a bypass position. When the first fluid temperature T1 is equal to or lower than the first predetermined temperature Ta, the controller brings the changeover valves into a communication position and places the solenoid proportional valves in a fully open position.

Abstract: This description provides an autonomous or semi-autonomous excavation vehicle that is capable of navigating through a dig site and carrying out an excavation routine using a system of sensors physically mounted to the excavation vehicle. The sensors collect any one or more of spatial, imaging, measurement, and location data representing the status of the excavation vehicle and its surrounding environment. Based on the collected data, the excavation vehicle executes instructions to carry out an excavation routine. The excavation vehicle is also able to carry out numerous other tasks, such as checking the volume of excavated earth in an excavation tool and helping prepare a digital terrain model of the site as part of a process for creating the excavation routine.

Abstract: A method for reducing noise produced by well operations includes obtaining a list of equipment performing the well operations in an open-air environment. The method further includes obtaining a mapping between engine rotations-per-minute (“RPM”), load, and noise produced by a combination of the equipment. The method further includes selecting a set point comprising gear number and engine speed, respectively for each engine, that minimizes the noise produced for the combination of the equipment based on the mapping. The method further includes adjusting each engine driving the well operations to operate at the respective set point.

Abstract: This description provides an autonomous or semi-autonomous excavation vehicle that is capable of navigating through a dig site and carrying out an excavation routine using a system of sensors physically mounted to the excavation vehicle. The sensors collect any one or more of spatial, imaging, measurement, and location data representing the status of the excavation vehicle and its surrounding environment. Based on the collected data, the excavation vehicle executes instructions to carry out an excavation routine. The excavation vehicle is also able to carry out numerous other tasks, such as checking the volume of excavated earth in an excavation tool and helping prepare a digital terrain model of the site as part of a process for creating the excavation routine.

Abstract: An excavator attachment is attached to an excavator rotating platform. During normal operation, a drive means drives the attachment according to operator input into a manipulation device. A sensor detects motion of the excavator. Based on output of the sensor, a slip suppression unit detects slipping of the excavator undercarriage in an extension direction of the attachment, and corrects operation of the attachment performed by the drive means.

Abstract: A wheel loader includes: a front frame; a bucket; a boom having a distal end connected to bucket, and a proximal end rotatably supported by front frame; a sensor configured to measure a distance between boom and a loading target; and a controller configured to control an action of wheel loader. The controller causes wheel loader to perform a predetermined action for collision avoidance on condition that a distance to be measured by sensor when wheel loader travels takes a value less than or equal to a threshold value.

Abstract: A shovel includes a traveling undercarriage, an upper turning structure, an attachment, an end attachment position detecting device, an object detecting device, and a processor. The upper turning structure is turnably mounted on the traveling undercarriage. The attachment is attached to the upper turning structure, and includes an end attachment at an end thereof. The end attachment position detecting device is configured to detect the position of the end attachment. The object detecting device is configured to detect the position of an object. The processor is configured to control the movement of at least one of the attachment and the upper turning structure, based on the relative positional relationship between the excavation completion position of the end attachment and the position of the object.

Abstract: A modular directional valve with two or more elements (E1, E2, E3, E4) in turn connectable to respective utilities (U) through the uses (A1, B1, A2 . . . B4); of which one or more elements (E1 E2) are of the CA type while one or more elements are of LS flow sharing type (E3, E4). The valve designed to be connected to a first high pressure line P1 which connects the crossing elements to a constant displacement pump (PA) and a second high pressure line P2 which connects the LS flow sharing type elements to a variable displacement pump LS, the connection to a low pressure line, the connection to a load sensing signal line (LS2) with the variable displacement pump LS (PB).

Abstract: The present invention is an induction control system for an autonomous-traveling vehicle that performs traveling and work autonomously while measuring the position of the traveling vehicle by using a satellite positioning system, the induction control system being characterized by, when the autonomous-traveling vehicle is moved backward, setting a virtual antenna position more backward, by a predetermined distance, than the antenna position of the satellite positioning system, and performing a lateral control by using a lateral deviation from a target path at the virtual antenna position. This makes it possible to travel along a pre-designed target path during a forward movement, turning, and a backward movement of the autonomous-traveling vehicle.