Abstract: A system receives a request at a hub. The request is received from a first spoke regarding a packet to be transmitted from the first spoke to a second spoke. The system identifies, at the time of the request, a preferred route from the first spoke to the second spoke. The system sends a redirect message to the first spoke, the redirect message directing the packet along the preferred route. The system transmits, from a first spoke to a hub, a first request associated with a packet. In response, the system receives, at the first spoke, a redirect message from the hub. The redirect message identifies a preferred route by which the first spoke transmits the packet to a second spoke. The system creates, at the first spoke, a second request containing a destination address of the second spoke, and transmits the second request along the preferred route.

Abstract: An improved satellite communication system is provided comprising at least one satellite wherein each satellite provides multiple beams, a plurality of UTs, and at least one gateway connected to a PSTN and communicating with said at least one UT or with a constellation, wherein each of the UTs within a given frequency band is distinguished from another of the UTs employing a combination of TDM and NOPN codes and time slots.

Abstract: A method for wireless communication between user equipments (UEs) and a base station in a wireless communication system that supports a first UE using a single band and a second UE using multiple bands is provided. In the method, UE receives, from the base station, resource allocation information including information regarding a downlink component carrier (CC) and an uplink CC allocated to the UE, receives the allocated downlink CC, and transmits the allocated uplink CC by applying a cell ID thereto. The allocated downlink CC is one of downlink CCs to which different cell IDs are applied, pairs of CCs are predefined by associating uplink CCs respectively with downlink CCs in order to support the first UE. When the allocated downlink and uplink CCs do not belong to the pairs of CCs, the applied cell ID is a cell ID of a downlink CC that is paired with the allocated uplink CC in the predefined pairs of CCs.

Abstract: In one exemplary aspect of this invention a method includes receiving at a user equipment from a wide area network access node information identifying at least one predetermined radio frequency carrier; initiating, in response to a presence of an interferer on a radio frequency carrier that is being used for a current connection between the user equipment and the network access node, a connection re-establishment procedure, where the interferer has the potential to cause a radio link failure of the current connection on the radio frequency carrier; and transmitting a connection re-establishment request to the network access node on the predetermined radio frequency carrier. The interferer can be a closed subscriber group network access node that the user equipment is not authorized to gain access to.

Abstract: A communication system includes a plurality of mobile nodes forming a mesh network. A plurality of wireless communication links connect the mobile nodes together. Each mobile node is formed as a communications device and operative for transmitting data packets wirelessly to other mobile nodes via the wireless communications link from a source mobile node through intermediate neighboring mobile nodes to a destination mobile node using a link state routing protocol and multiple waveforms.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses to design and analyze digital circuits with time division multiplexing. At least one embodiment of the present invention efficiently models subsystems connected by a TDM channel by introducing equivalent delays in the connections for the subsystems, where the delays are determined according to the upper bounds of the delays caused by the TDM channel. The TDM channel is modeled with its equivalent delays. Thus, a transformation tool is allowed to take into account the original constraints and time budgeting of the sending subsystem and the receiving subsystem. The problem of asynchronous clock domains is eliminated; and, simulation time of the multiplexed circuit is also improved. In some embodiments of the present invention, multiple TDM slots are assigned to a particular signal to reduce the equivalent connection delay caused by the TDM channel for the particular signal.

Abstract: Methods, systems and apparatuses are provided for transmitting and receiving space-time block coded data in a wireless communications system with co-operative relays. A source node transmits RF signals representing first and second sets of data symbols in respective first and second channels (in time frequency code or any combination) of a wireless communications system, the first and second sets of data symbols being for transmission from separate antennas respectively according to a space-time block code. A relay node receives the RF signals representing the first set of data symbols in the first channel and transmits RF signals representing the first set of data symbols in the second channel. A destination node received the RF signals representing the second set of data symbols from the source node and the RF signals representing the first set of data symbols from the relay node.

Abstract: A method for distributing network resource is disclosed. The method includes transmitting a service request to a network for requesting that a connection be established between the network and a user equipment, determining whether the network is in a resource limited status, and controlling a time interval for transmitting another service request to the network when the network is in the resource limited status.

Abstract: Embodiments related to acquisition, detection, and processing of a high-frequency signal are described and depicted.

Abstract: Provided are a communication method and system for sensor network. In reporting event occurrence in a real-time sensor network application, a cycle time is divided into an event announcement period and a data transmission period to provide real-time transmission performance and energy efficiency. Each of the periods is again divided into the number of slots equal to the maximum depth of a network. Respective nodes sequentially operate according to their depths in a routing tree during the event announcement period to receive the signal transmitted from the lower node. To remove sleep delay, a slot next to the signal reception slot becomes a signal transmission slot. A node sensed an event transmits a signal informing event occurrence during its signal transmission slot, and this signal includes only the address of the transmission node. When a signal does not exist in the event announcement period, no traffic occurs in the data transmission period and the upper nodes maintain a sleep state.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus sequentially transmits a wireless packet PK1 for data streaming transmission with a non-transmission period therebetween to a receiving apparatus. A predetermined proportion of non-transmission periods are assigned to a period for transmitting a wireless packet PK2 for control information transmission from the information receiving apparatus to the information transmitting apparatus. The wireless packets PK1, PK2 contain time-position information indicating a second non-transmission period that is not assigned to the transmission from the receiving apparatus to the transmitting apparatus. The receiving apparatus and another transmitting apparatus different from the transmitting apparatus transmitting the wireless packet PK1 can identify the time position of the second non-transmission period by the time-position information contained in the wireless packets PK1, PK2, and can communicate to each other during the second non-transmission period.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein to use sieving to reduce the number of hypotheses and the length of time for acquisition of GPS satellite signals. In sieving, hypothesis testing is performed after a short non-coherent integration duration on a first set of hypotheses. At the end of the non-coherent integration time, multiple candidate hypotheses having high likelihood of signal detection are identified. Further non-coherent integration of each candidate hypothesis is performed by using a tracking loop to remove Doppler frequency and code phase variations on the signal. In parallel, additional hypotheses testing is performed on a second set of hypotheses. At the end of the next non-coherent integration time, the best candidate hypotheses among the candidate hypotheses sieved from the first set of hypotheses running in the tracking loops and the candidate hypotheses from the second set of hypotheses are identified.

Abstract: A design and proof of concept of a new type of WLAN, complete with simulation and results from the simulation has been described. Each AP Node is implemented as a self-contained embedded OS unit, with all algorithms resident in its Operating system. The normal day-to-day functioning of the AP node is based entirely on resident control algorithms. Upgrades are possible through a simple secure communications interface supported by the OS kernel for each AP node.

Abstract: A method synchronizes plural terminal communication systems and a counterpart communication station connected via a radio link within a multi-standard wireless communication system, wherein a counterpart transmission signal is transmitted from said counterpart communication station to the corresponding terminal communication system. A common reference clock signal is generated and supplied to a signal generation unit within said terminal communication system, wherein each terminal communication system comprises a conversion ratio unit having a conversion ratio. An accurate frequency datum is derived from each counterpart transmission signal in the terminal communication systems and a frequency control signal is determined from said accurate frequency datum.

Abstract: A mobile communication device is operative to perform a first communication function (e.g. inquiry or paging function for discovery) with use of a first radio frequency (RF) transceiver (e.g. BLUETOOTH transceiver) and a second communication function (e.g. voice telephony function) with use of a second RF transceiver (e.g. IEEE 802.11 transceiver). In response to identifying an indication to invoke the first communication function while the second communication function is being performed, the mobile device reserves selected timeslots of a wireless communication link with the first RF transceiver for establishing a synchronous link. The mobile device then causes data of the first communication function to be communicated, via the first RF transceiver, during remaining unreserved timeslots of the wireless communication link. The mobile device further causes data of the second communication function to be communicated, via the second RF transceiver, during the reserved timeslots of the synchronous link.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a multi-channel encoder. The multi-channel encoder is configured to generate an encoded data stream. The multi-channel encoder includes a plurality of channel encoders, and a processor configured to allocate time slots in the encoded data stream to each of the channel encoders to vary the rate of data provided by each of the channel encoders into the encoded data stream.

Abstract: Techniques to implement MBMS services in a wireless communication system. In one aspect, a method is provided for processing data for transmission to a plurality of terminals. Frames of information bits (which may have variable rates) are provided to a buffer implementing a matrix. The matrix is padded with padding bits based on a particular padding scheme to support variable frame rates. The frames are then coded based on a particular block code to provide parity bits. The frame of information bits and the parity bits are then transmitted to the terminals. In another aspect, a method is provided for controlling the transmit power of a data transmission to a plurality of terminals. In accordance with the method, TPC streams are received from the terminals and processed to obtain a stream of joint power control commands used to adjust the transmit power of the data transmission.

Abstract: A method, and a VSAT capable of being configured for such a method, of configuring a VSAT, the steps of which are setting, while an outdoor unit of the VSAT is at a configuration location, a maximum value of the adjustable gain of the up-converting device and transmitting, from an operating location that is separate from the configuration location, transmission signals to the satellite at the transmission frequency and with a gain value of at most the maximum value of the adjustable gain set at the configuration location.

Abstract: A communication control apparatus that performs wireless communication with a plurality of communication apparatuses, the communication control apparatus comprises: a grouping unit adapted to group the plurality of communication apparatuses based on the relative positions of each of the plurality of communication apparatuses; a notification unit adapted to notify each of the plurality of communication apparatuses of the group to which that communication apparatus belongs and of a communication slot allocated to that group; and a transmission unit adapted to transmit transmission data at a predetermined timing.

Abstract: A system and method for improving efficiency of satellite communications is described. In one embodiment, multiple return links are associated with a single forward link to reduce communications costs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for communication is disclosed. Information is received on a downlink channel in a time interval. On a condition that an explicit allocation of a first uplink channel is received, feedback information regarding the received information is transmitted on the first uplink channel, wherein the feedback information is transmitted with user data on the first uplink channel. On a condition that an explicit allocation of the first uplink channel is not received, feedback information regarding the received information is transmitted in a time interval on a second uplink channel, wherein an explicit allocation of the second uplink channel is not received, wherein the time interval on the second uplink channel is a pre-determined time period away from the time interval on the downlink channel.

Abstract: A phase-change memory (PCM) includes a matrix of storage cells, including at least a first group with at least one cell. Each cell includes a phase change material having at least a first resistance value and a second resistance value, such that the first group can have an identical message encoded therein in at least a first way and a second way. The memory also includes a controller configured to encode the identical message in the at least first group the first or second way, based on which way causes the least amount of writing cost, given current levels of the group. Another embodiment of memory includes a matrix of storage cells. Each of the storage cells has at least two levels, such that each of the storage cells can have an identical message encoded therein in at least a first way and a second way.

Abstract: A method of searching for a different network cell by a mobile station in a global system for mobile communication (GSM)/general packet ratio service (GPRS) system is provided. The method includes receiving from a serving cell an indication message including information on whether to use an extended search frame, and searching for the different network cell by using an idle frame and the extended search frame. A method of effectively searching for a different network cell by a mobile station to interwork with a different network in a global system for mobile communication (GSM)/general packet radio service (GPRS) system can be provided.

Abstract: A method for processing a source routed packet comprises determining a next node in a source route for a source routed packet in a mesh network and transmitting the source routed packet to the next node in the source route. A method for creating a source routed packet comprises determining a source route path to a destination node and transmitting a source routed packet that includes the source route path to a first node associated with the source route path.

Abstract: A processing system includes a shared resource, an arbitration module, and a requesting device for issuing requests to the arbitration module to access the shared resource to perform transactions on the shared resource. The arbitration module grants access to the requesting device for a fixed time duration. The fixed time duration comprises one of a plurality of time durations including a first and a second time duration; the second longer than the first. The requesting device prioritizes performance of the transactions on the shared resource based upon the fixed time duration and types of transactions to be performed. Transaction type comprises one of a plurality of types including a first type that requires a time duration that can be performed within the first time duration and a second type that requires a time duration that exceeds the first time duration but can be performed within the second time duration.

Abstract: In a distributed management scheme for LEO satellite networks interactions between a satellite and the designated fixed center occur according to a time schedule and only when the designated center is in the coverage area of the payload. For exception/alarm reporting and real-time configuration updates the interaction varies with time. Interactions of this type occur between a satellite and the management center that is “nearest” to the payload or satellite at the time instant at which the network event occurs or configuration upload is needed. The nearest management center for a payload is the center that can be reached from the payload with fewest number of crosslink hops. A central network operation center determines, prior to payload launch, the association between satellites and management centers for routine information exchange, and the nearest management center for the payload for different snapshots of time.

Abstract: A method for adjusting a granularity of resource allocation in a wireless mobile communication system supporting a compact scheduling is discussed. A resource indication value (RIV) corresponds to a start index (S) of one set of consecutive virtual resource blocks (VRBs) and a length of the VRBs. The start index (S) is selected from among ‘s’ values (where s=P+mT<NRB), and the length (L) is selected from among ‘1’ values (where 1=K+nG?NRB). Here, P is a predetermined integer of 0 or higher, T or G is a predetermined natural number, m is an integer of 0 or higher, and n is a natural number.

Abstract: A transmission power control method that reduces the possibility of going out of synchronization is presented. In a reduced power mode, a target SIR is set equal to or higher than SIR_reduced where deemed appropriate, whereby frequent issues of Out-of-sync and the probability of generation of RL_Failure are suppressed. To raise a reception SIR to a value equal to or higher than SIR_reduced, the target SIR may be periodically set at SIR_temp that is a value equal to or higher than SIR_reduced. Alternatively, when brought in the reduced power mode, a mobile station itself may periodically set its transmission power such that a value equal to or higher than SIR_reduced can be achieved.

Abstract: A broadband satellite communications system comprises forward error correction (FEC) encoder/decoder, interleaver/deinterleaver, puncturing/de-puncturing, scrambler/descrambler, bit to symbol mapping/de-mapping devices, modulator/demodulator, transmit and receive filter; operating in a time-division multiple access (TDMA) system where information is sent in a burst-by-burst fashion during the assigned time slot; supporting diverse traffic types such as voice over internet protocol (VOIP), control messages (DACCH) and keep alive burst (KAB) during silence period and multiple data rates.

Abstract: Satellite communications systems, methods, and related devices are described. In one embodiment, a satellite communications system is configured to dynamically allocate bandwidth and frequencies among different beams. Bandwidth request data may be received and compiled from the terminals. The satellite may be configured with different beam coverage areas, and may dynamically allocate bandwidth and particular frequency channels to different beam coverage areas based on the requests. In each of a series of one or more epochs, and according to the bandwidth requests, there may be allocations among carrier groups, traffic classes, and particular terminals. The setup of slot structure and selection of modes for particular terminals is also addressed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a communication system wherein, non-periodical communications of data are carried out between an information transmitting terminal and one or more information receiving terminals, the information transmitting terminal periodically broadcasts network control information to the information receiving terminals, each of the information receiving terminals receives the network control information from the information transmitting terminal at a rate determined in advance, each of the information receiving terminals receives the network control information from the information transmitting terminal in a fixed-length information acquisition period; and at least some specific ones of the information receiving terminals each arbitrarily shift the starting point of the information acquisition period of the specific information receiving terminal.

Abstract: A method for realizing forward channel sharing in time division communication system, which completes group configuration at the cluster control service center server and modifies the attributes of all the users to enable the users to support multi-user packet MUP service, including: (a) the cluster user initiates a group call; the access network allocates a unique group identifier MACIndex for the group call after receiving the call request from the calling cluster user and informs all of the users within the group about this MACIndex (201); (b) after the communication starts (202), the access network packets the user data of one or more groups with multi-user packet MUP, packets the user data of each group into one sub-packet and does scheduling, then transmits the packets through forward channel (203); (c) after receiving the MUP packets from the forward channel, the cluster user looks into the MUP packets for the sub-packet that matches the MACIndex of its group, thereby realizing group communication (204

Abstract: A first user terminal receives data during a time slot assigned for simultaneous transmission of data to a first set of at least one user terminal and to a second set of at least one user terminal using time-division multiplexing, estimates the applied power ratio between a first sub-channel to the first set and a second sub-channel to the second set (the available power ratios are divided into at least one known region and each applied power ratio belongs to one region), estimates bit error probability for each of the bursts of the received data; and applies an adaptation process in order to make the estimated bit error probabilities fall into one of bit error probability intervals of a predefined mapping table with a predetermined probability. which determines the bit error probability that is to be reported to a network.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a request for bandwidth from a first network node of a coordinated network and broadcasting a first transmission schedule to a plurality of network nodes including the first network node. The first transmission schedule allocates bandwidth for the first network node to transmit data to a second network node. An acknowledgement (ACK) message is received from the second network node identifying that the second network node successfully received the data from the first network node.

Abstract: A wireless communication method in which a base station and a wireless terminal communicate, including: an operation at which a first and a second base station transmit, for each beam area, a pilot signal including identification information to identify the base station and the beam area, in a beam pattern; an operation at which the wireless terminal obtains received power of each pilot signal; an operation at which the wireless terminal causes one of the beam areas of the first base station to be a desired wave beam area, and determines two data rates for requiring to the base station: one of the data rates being a first data rate used in a case that interference from the second base station is relatively high and another of the data rates being a second data rate used in a case that the interference from the second base station is relatively low.

Abstract: A terminal device, used in communication system conducting communication by periodically switching frequency channels in a predefined sequence, communicates with a control device using a predefined channel.

Abstract: Ad-hoc wireless network which operates in accordance with a time division multiple access (TDMA) channel scheme. The network includes a plurality of nodes configured for wireless ad-hoc network communications using at least a first tier waveform and a second tier waveform.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for communicating via a spatial multilink repeater are provided. In this regard, a received signal may be frequency shifted to generate a plurality of repeated signals, wherein each repeated signal may be shifted by a different frequency with respect to the received signal. Each repeated signal may comprise one or more signal components and a phase and/or amplitude of each of the components may be controlled to control a directivity of the repeated signals. Each of the repeated signals may be generated by quadrature down-converting said received signal by mixing the received signal with a first LO signal pair, up-converting the down-converted signal by mixing it with a second LO signal pair, and adding or subtracting an in-phase portion and a quadrature-phase portion of the up-converted signal.

Abstract: A channel time allocation and access control process for communication in wireless networks is provided. The channel time is divided into channel time blocks (CTBs), including one or more reserved CTBs and one or more unreserved CTBs. Schedules are implemented, wherein one or more periodic, equal-sized CTBs are reserved for isochronous streams. Dynamic CTB extension and truncation allow flexible channel time allocation.

Abstract: Parallel demodulators are provided in field units. Forward and reverse channel allocation information may be broadcast to the field units in the same epoch as traffic data but on first and second channels, such as paging and traffic channels. This assures that all field units are able to receive forward and reverse channel allocation information every epoch. By having parallel demodulators in the field unit, switching between the first and second channels is avoided and channel allocation information is not lost.

Abstract: A CS searches in advance for information about unique words used by neighboring CSs to hold the information in a storage unit. When an LCH establishment request is made by a PS in the cell of the CS, it is confirmed whether or not there is an empty traffic slot. Further, with reference to the unique word information of the neighboring CSs of the same frequency and the same slot as the empty slot to be allocated, an unused unique word pattern is allocated.

Abstract: Implementations of broadband satellite systems may comprise systems implementing embodiments of one, two or all of the aspects of distributed leadership, distributed bandwidth allocation and distributed timing. In systems implementing distributed leadership aspects, the control and administration of the network can be effectively performed by any site. In systems implementing distributed bandwidth allocation aspects, all remote sites may act in concert by running the same algorithm on the information they have received, arriving at a harmonious conclusion. In systems implementing distributed timing aspects, time division multiple access (“TMDA”) bursts within timeslots may not require a central timing reference, a distributed high stability timing reference or a timing leader.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for transmitting call data in a digital wireless communication network, said call data being transmitted over at least one radio frequency channel in a sequence of timeslots. Call data are transmitted in the network using timeslot hopping in which the call data of each user of the network are transmitted with a different timeslot hopping sequence.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for synchronizing clocks of a set of nodes in a TDMA (“Time Division Multiple Access”) communication network comprising a plurality of nodes, among which some called time reference (TR) nodes are synchronized to a common time reference through a predetermined out-of-band synchronization mechanism, other nodes being called non-TR nodes, each node comprising an internal clock, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: transmitting, at the level of at least one of said TR nodes, a broadcast beacon packet during a given time slot of sub-frames, each sub-frame comprising a plurality of time slots; propagating among the remaining nodes said beacon packet using the slotted structure of the TDMA protocol, each node being pre-assigned a conflict-free time slot in a sub-frame to broadcast said beacon packet received from another node in a previous slot of said sub-frame; and updating in at least two of said non-TR nodes the internal clock based on an updated offset estimate, up

Abstract: Applications executed out of router memory may acquire additional bandwidth that is not being used by other applications, in order to speed up network traffic. Scavenging may occur up to a point where current congestion is detected, at which point any scavenged bandwidth is relinquished and the application returns to its prescribed limit. After current congestion is mitigated, scavenging may occur up to a limit below the point where congestion was detected. After a predetermined interval, additional scavenging may occur beyond this limit until a preset bandwidth limit is reached.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for managing communication in a Public Safety Communication Network (PSCN). The PSCN includes a plurality of Mobile Stations (MSs) (110, 115, 120) and a master controller (105). The method includes initiating a communication between one or more MSs and the master controller using a primary channel (405). The primary channel corresponds to a primary frequency spectrum in the PSCN. The method further includes identifying one or more available channels in one or more of the primary frequency spectrum and a secondary frequency spectrum (410). Each of the primary frequency spectrum and the secondary frequency spectrum include one or more channels. Thereafter, a channel hopping pattern is generated for one or more MSs based on one or more available channels (415). The channel hopping pattern corresponds to a sequence of frequency hops for a MS.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for rejecting images in a receiver. The apparatus of the present invention relates to an apparatus for rejecting image signals in a receiver of a direct conversion structure and comprises a signal mismatch compensation unit configured to detect gain error and phase error between an In-phase (I) signal and a Quadrature (Q) signal received through the receiver, to reject image signals existing in the I and Q signals, and to output a result. The signal mismatch compensation unit detects the gain error and the phase error using an adaptive step method of reducing the step size of the gain error and the phase error step by step whenever the gain error and the phase error are converged. According to the present invention, high image rejection ratio is achieved and the adaptation time taken to obtain a high image rejection ratio is reduced simultaneously.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for inter-PCB communication utilizing a spatial multi-link repeater are provided. In this regard, a signal may be transmitted between printed circuit boards via one or more repeaters, wherein the repeaters may frequency shift received signals to generate repeated signals. Each of the repeated signals may be generated by quadrature down-converting said received signal by mixing the received signal with a first LO signal pair, up-converting the down-converted signal by mixing it with a second LO signal pair, and adding or subtracting an in-phase portion and a quadrature-phase portion of the up-converted signal. Each repeated signal may comprise one or more signal components and a phase and/or amplitude of each of the components may be controlled to control a directivity of the repeated signals. The repeater may reside on one of the plurality of printed circuit boards.

Abstract: Measured are received power of a first signal received from a first entity, and received power of a second signal received from a second entity. A gain factor (or a matrix of gain factors if multiple antennas are used) is determined using the measured received powers of the first signal and of the second signal. If transmit power from the apparatus to the second entity is considered as the benchmark, the second signal is forwarded from the apparatus to the first entity using a second signal transmit power that is determined using the gain factor. Or, if transmit power from the apparatus to the first entity is considered as the benchmark, the first signal is forwarded from the apparatus to the second entity using a first signal transmit power that is determined using the gain factor. Method, apparatus, and memory storing computer program are detailed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and system for mitigating fading and/or poor reception at a receiver. The receiver includes configurations each of which can provide different reception characteristics. The receiver evaluates the reception quality of the radio signal with the antenna in a first configuration and with the antenna in at least a second configuration and selects the antenna configuration that has the best evaluated reception for use until a subsequent iteration, when the process is repeated. The antenna configurations can correspond to configurations wherein reception is favored in different directions or to configurations wherein different antennas are selected, each antenna being spaced from each other antenna. The method can also improve the reception of a signal transmitted by selecting an antenna configuration for transmissions which provides improved reception quality at the destination receiver.