Abstract: A method and apparatus that operates two bridging protocols in a hybrid bridging node is described. The operation of the two bridging protocols in the hybrid node allows for an incremental transition of a provider bridging network from operating a legacy bridging protocol that shares MAC addresses to a bridging network that operates VPLS and/or PBB bridging protocols. The hybrid bridging node selectively broadcasts unicast packets with unknown MAC addresses from the nodes operating VPLS and/or PBB to nodes operating a legacy bridging protocol.

Abstract: A system and method for providing multi-topology support in RSVP-TE in a multi-protocol label switching network is provided. A method includes reserving path states for a traffic engineered label switched path (TE LSP), and releasing the reserved path states. The TE LSP is established within a single network topology in an environment of multiple network topologies, and the reserving path states includes sending a first resource reservation protocol with traffic engineering (RSVP-TE) message containing multi-topology information.

Abstract: Methods and systems for selecting and presenting a content item, such as an advertisement, to a user of a social network are provided, where the content item is selected based on a calculated “content propagation likelihood” for the user. A user's “content propagation likelihood” is a likelihood that an entity (e.g., video, audio clip, photograph, etc.) will spread throughout the user's social network, and the social networks of the user's friends, when the entity is shared (e.g., broadcast) by the user. A user's content propagation likelihood is computed using weighted measures of various ways in which an entity can spread through a social network. A user's content propagation likelihood may also be set for a given vertical (e.g., music, sports, etc.) and/or a given media type (e.g., images, videos, etc.) that pertains to the particular user.

Abstract: A message processing engine may intercept outgoing and incoming messages by bridging an interface between a virtual network interface and a physical network interface. The message processing engine may have a raw packet analyzer that may determine if a packet is to be processed based on a policy, and then may decode the packet using a first set of protocols, perform a translation in the decoded state, then encode the packet using the same or a different set of protocols. The message processing engine may be used to perform translations to enable two otherwise incompatible devices to communicate as well as apply various protocols including security protocols to communications with another device similarly configured. In many embodiments, the raw packet analyzer may be a service with administrative privileges, but the decoder, encoder, and translator may be operated with user privileges.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and computer readable media for optimizing serial communication networks provide an intelligent network gateway through which network data flows. Systems and devices monitor network requests for data packets supplied by slave computing devices, examine the supplied data packets, and copy the supplied data packets to a memory device. The supplied data packets are delivered to a first requesting network device and when an additional network request for the data packets is made by a second requesting network device the data packets are delivered from the memory device to the second requester in response to the additional network request without interrupting the slave computing device to redundantly supply the data packet. Polling by multiple requester devices for redundant data from slave computing devices is avoided. Communication response times are improved, data caching is provided for devices that have no logging memory, and optimum communication settings can be automatically determined.

Abstract: Methods and systems for analyzing network traffic. An analysis system receives network traffic, which complies with a certain protocol. The received network traffic carries a data item, which may be of value to an analyst. In order to access the data item in question, the analysis system automatically identifies the media type of the data item, by processing the network traffic irrespective of the protocol. The analysis system identifies the media type irrespective of the protocol in order to avoid the computational complexity involved in decoding the protocol.

Abstract: A system, method and apparatus for providing multiple access modes in a data communications network includes a network access device having a plurality of input ports, a plurality of output ports, and a switching fabric for routing data received on the plurality of input ports to at least one of the plurality of output ports. Control logic within the network access device is adapted to determine whether a user device coupled to one of the plurality of input ports supports a user authentication protocol used by a host network. If the user authentication protocol is not supported, then the input port to which the network access device is coupled is placed in a semi-authorized access state that limits access to a pre-configured network accessible via the host network.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for providing access communications between customer locations and a core network service edge. Access flows are handled as carrier-tagged flows through a packet switched network comprising network elements that interpret and manipulate carrier tag values associated with traffic-bearing data frames. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, a discard eligibility indication may be provided with the data frames.

Abstract: A system and method for enabling communication concurrently over multiple access points and multiple physical media including but not limited to: cellular, network (e.g., Ethernet), broadband wireless, audio communication schemes.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described that facilitate scalable wholesale layer two (L2) connectivity between customers and service providers and a demarcation between the L2 wholesale network and one or more ISPs with which customers communicate L2 PDUs. In one example, a network device receives PDU having both a service identifier identifying a service virtual local area network (SVLAN) and a customer identifier identifying a customer VLAN (CVLAN). A virtual switch determines whether an entry of a L2 learning table is associated with both the service identifier and the customer identifier of the PDU. When no such entry exists, a VLAN learning module updates the L2 learning table to create a new entry that maps to a network device interface and is associated with both the service identifier of the PDU and a plurality of customer identifiers that includes the customer identifier of the PDU.

Abstract: Computer systems, computer-readable media, and computerized methods for assigning network identifiers in a network are provided. A dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) server is employed to allocate various fractional IP addresses that include a common IPv4 address paired with a value of an IP version field within a data packet, wherein the value is selected from a plurality of available values. In order to differentiate between fractional IP addresses that share a common IPv4 address, a particular value of the IP version field is selected by the DHCP server and assigned to a client device when that particular value is not currently or previously assigned to another client device. Upon assignment to the client device, a fractional IP address that includes the common IPv4 address together with the particular value of the IP version field uniquely identifies the client device as a destination of a data packet within the network.

Abstract: A method of providing a wireless extension to a plant automation network connected to a plurality of wired devices, each wired device performing a process control function, includes connecting a plurality of wireless devices to the plant automation network, each of the plurality of wireless devices adapted to communicate with at least another one of the plurality of wireless devices via at least one respective wireless connection; and providing access to each of the plurality of wireless devices from a host disposed in the plant automation network, such that the host accesses the plurality of wired devices and the plurality of wireless devices using a common communication scheme.

Abstract: In the field of communications, a method and a system for packet transmission in an optical communication system, and an Optical Line Terminal (OLT) are provided. The method includes: receiving, from a port, a first uplink packet from an Optical Network Unit (ONU), where the first uplink packet includes a Logical Link Identifier (ID); determining a first ID corresponding to the first uplink packet, where the first ID includes an ONU ID or a Port ID; acquiring a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) tunnel label according to the Logical Link ID and the first ID; and transmitting a second uplink packet on an MPLS tunnel corresponding to the MPLS tunnel label, where the second uplink packet includes data in the first uplink packet and the MPLS tunnel label. The system includes an ONU and an OLT.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for dynamically configuring a parent circuit through a subscriber record on an authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) server responsive to an authorization event for the subscriber session on the network element. According to one embodiment of the invention, the AAA server accesses the subscriber record for a subscriber session on the network element. Based on this subscriber record, a set of one or more attributes for a subscriber circuit and a set of one or more attributes for a parent circuit of the subscriber circuit are determined. The network element applies the set of subscriber circuit attributes to the subscriber circuit and the set of parent circuit attributes to the parent circuit.

Abstract: The present invention provides switches and routers, preferably with fully-connected mesh fabrics, that transmit data through the switch fabric in variable-size data units. Variable-size data units allow switches and routers to provide throughputs close to hardware capabilities, eliminating the need for over-capacity hardware in the switch fabric and other components. Along with variably-size data units, preferred embodiments of this invention include scheduling methods that provide fair allocation of pre-determined bandwidths to different protocols, to different classes of service within protocols, and to different resources within the switch by use of certain weighted, fair scheduling methods. The switches and routers of this invention are particularly directed to multi-protocol, high-throughput communication applications, but may have wide applicability in systems generally where data packets are switched or routed.

Abstract: System and method for support multiple topology in Label Distribution Protocol of Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) network are disclosed. The system includes a number of network elements and a communication mechanism used to connect the network elements. The network elements discover LDP peers within the network topology, and create and maintain LDP sessions for each of the network topologies. The network elements further establish LSPs by mapping network layer routing information within each network topology to data link layer switches paths. Furthermore, the communication mechanism enables the network elements to advertise the multi-topology capability and exchange the mapping information of label and FECs within each network topology.

Abstract: In a distributed antenna system (DAS) and a local area network (LAN), a common communication infrastructure distributes data from radio-based and Internet-based sources. A radio equipment (RE) of the DAS interfaces to a LAN segment. For the downlink, a gateway maps radio signal data from a radio equipment controller (REC) and data packets from a switch to mixed-data frames using a radio data interface protocol for transmission in the DAS. At the RE, the signal data and data packets are retrieved from the mixed-data frames and provided to the air interface and LAN segment, respectively. For the uplink from the RE, the radio signal data from the air interface and the data packets from the LAN segment are mapped to mixed-data frames and transmitted to the gateway. The gateway retrieves the signal samples and data packets from the mixed-data frames for transfer to the REC and switch, respectively.

Abstract: Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate inter-network handoff in a wireless communication system. Various aspects described herein provide for handoff techniques that enable a target system to be prepared by an access terminal via a source system in order to minimize specific changes required to source system and/or target system. Techniques are described herein in which the protocols of a source system can be utilized with an interworking unit to tunnel signaling messages which are in a format understood by a target network.

Abstract: The invention relates to a communication system for a motor vehicle for transmitting an information relating to the operation of the motor vehicle from a transmitting control device to a receiving control device. The communication system comprises an interface for the input or output of the information relating to the operation of the motor vehicle. Communication can be established via the interface by means of a protocol which comprises an operation field for identifying a task to be carried out using the information relating to the operation of the motor vehicle.

Abstract: A method for use in a cellular access system is disclosed. The system comprises at least one Radio Base Station (RBS) which controls traffic to and from a cell in the system. The cell can have a User Equipment (UE) in it, such that the UE and RBS can send and receive data blocks, which may comprise sequence numbers, to and from each other. The RBS and UE can also exchange reports comprising information on whether or not data blocks have been received successfully. The method comprises sending by a reporting party a transmission comprising a report to the report receiving party, said report comprising information on whether or not data blocks have been received successfully. The method further comprises sending by the reporting party said report together with data to the report receiving party or to another party. The method further comprises attaching by the reporting party addresses for a recipient of the data blocks and for the report in the transmission.

Abstract: A telephone relay system enabling a terminal having multiple telephone numbers to originate and receive calls same as a terminal having only one telephone number is provided. When a connection management unit of an agent device receives a call request from a terminal device, it activates a terminal calling unit while designating a current telephone number and also activates a counterpart calling unit to establish a terminal-side connection between the current telephone number of the terminal device and the agent device and a counterpart-side connection between the agent device and the counterpart terminal. When an incoming call from the counterpart terminal arrives, the connection management unit establishes a counterpart-side connection corresponding to the incoming call, and activates the terminal calling unit while designating the current telephone number to establish a terminal-side connection.

Abstract: Principles of the invention are described for providing multicast virtual private networks (MVPNs) across a public network that are capable of carrying high-bandwidth multicast traffic with increased scalability. In particular, the MVPNs may transport layer three (L3) multicast traffic, such as Internet Protocol (IP) packets, between remote sites via the public network. The principles described herein may reduce the overhead of protocol independent multicast (PIM) neighbor adjacencies and customer control information maintained for MVPNs. The principles may also reduce the state and the overhead of maintaining the state in the network by removing the need to maintain at least one dedicated multicast tree per each MVPN.

Abstract: A device and method in which data transmissions to and from host processors in accordance with various protocols (e.g., TCP, UDP, FTP) are translated to and from NACK-Oriented Reliable Multicast (NORM) protocol data transmissions. A Multiprotocol Offload Engine (MOE) software architecture may perform the translations within a Network Interface Card (NIC) or Network Blade (NB) hardware platform. Moving the protocol translation processing from the host processors to the MOE hardware unit removes the protocol processing load from the host processor and significantly increases performance of data transmission among sources and sinks across a network layer.

Abstract: Transferring data in a network is disclosed. Transferring includes receiving a Provider Backbone Transport (PBT) frame, identifying a plurality of location specific identifiers in the PBT frame, mapping the PBT frame to a service based at least in part on the plurality of location specific identifiers, formatting the PBT frame according to the service to obtain a service frame, and transferring the service frame to a network associated with the service.

Abstract: A packet switching system includes a forwarding processing unit determining a destination of an input packet by analyzing the input packet and outputting it as an output packet, the forwarding processing unit comprises an ingress interface card checking if the input packet has a sequential cyclic number and an egress interface card creating a sequential cyclic number and assigning it to the output packet.

Abstract: A fixed mobile convergence terminal using a wideband voice codec is provided. The fixed mobile convergence terminal includes a communication unit configured to connect to a network, and a control unit configured to download a wideband voice codec identical to a wideband voice codec of an opposite party terminal from a call control server in a call setting with the opposite party terminal through the communication unit, so that a high-quality voice call function is achieved.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing point-to-multipoint label switch paths (LSPs) in a Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) network is described. In one embodiment, a point-to-multipoint LSP is built in a MPLS network by using Resource Reservation Protocol Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) to signal the point-to-multipoint LSP as separate point-to-point LSPs and to merge the separate point-to-point LSPs into the point-to-multipoint LSP.

Abstract: A method of communication between endpoint devices that includes converting data packets from a multiport protocol to a proprietary port protocol so that the data packets can traverse firewalls protecting the endpoint devices. A system that includes networks protected by firewall wherein the communication between the networks is in a proprietary protocol and the system further including a device for managing the communication between the protected networks.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing point-to-multipoint label switch paths (LSPs) in a Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) network is described. In one embodiment, a point-to-multipoint LSP is built in a MPLS network by using Resource Reservation Protocol Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) to signal the point-to-multipoint LSP as separate point-to-point LSPs and to merge the separate point-to-point LSPs into the point-to-multipoint LSP.

Abstract: A data and voice communication system includes communication between a line card and an accelerator card. Voice, data, and control traffic is received from the line card and is transmitted to the accelerator card via a physical link having separate voice, data, and control logical channels. The separate voice, data, and control logical channels are represented by labeled data packets.

Abstract: In one embodiment, label distribution sessions are established between a Modular Cable Modem Termination System (M-CMTS) core and one or more remote PHYs. The label distribution sessions facilitate association of labels with either Radio Frequency (RF) channels or groups of the RF channels that extend from the remote PHYs to one or more cable modems. The labels are then used to facilitate communications between the M-CMTS core and the remote PHYs over a MultiProtocol Label Switching (MPLS) network.

Abstract: Methods and systems for providing interconnection between network operation environments are disclosed in some embodiments. This can include providing interoperability between 3GPP and 3GPP2 standards environments. In one embodiment, a method is disclosed that includes receiving a request from a mobile device for service at a gateway, determining a mode of operation for the mobile device by inspecting an incoming message, wherein the mode of operation includes 3GPP and 3GPP2, establishing a connection using a proxy mobile internet protocol (PMIP), where the type of connection established is dependent on the mode of operation, providing an IP address to a mobile device based on the mode of operation and the parameters associated with the mode of operation, and communicating with an authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) server operating in accordance with the mode of operation.

Abstract: An access selection system comprises an interface system configured to receive a plurality of traffic and transfer a first traffic of the plurality of traffic over a first access link of a plurality of access links wherein the plurality of traffic is generated by a plurality of applications. The access system further comprises a processing system coupled to the interface system and configured to process the first traffic of the plurality of traffic to determine a first application of the plurality of applications that generated the first traffic and select the first access link from the plurality of access links based on the first application.

Abstract: A system and method are supplied to provide multiple private networks. The system can include a Provider Backbone Bridge Traffic Engineering (PBB/TE) interface or interfaces configured to receive a plurality of data stream types each associated with an Instance Service Identifier (I-SID) from a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) or public carrier Ethernet. A plurality of local area network (LAN) ports can be configured to communicate data to a plurality of LANs. A switching process is provided between the PBB/TE interface and the LAN ports. The switching process can be configured to bind individual data stream types from subdivided data streams each represented by an I-SID to each of the respective LAN ports.

Abstract: A wireless mobile communication device includes a first processor configured to execute a software application and a second processor configured to manage wireless communication over a wireless network. The processors are located in the same communication device and configured for one of the processors to send data to the other processor under a protocol. In accordance with this protocol, if the sending processor does not receive a receipt acknowledgement for the sent data from the other processor before the end of a resend time period measured from when the data was sent, then the sending processor resends the data to the other processor after the end of the resend time period. However, the sending processor does receive the acknowledgement before the end of the resend time period, then the sending processor does not resend the data to the other processor.

Abstract: At least two communications cards are utilized to communicate with at least two Ethernet ports, each having unique MAC and IP addresses, and at least two different protocols. At least two central processing units (CPUs) are coupled to the at least two communications cards through a manageable Ethernet switch. One of the at least two CPUs is a primary (main) CPU and is capable of communicating using a limited number of native Ethernet protocols. Another one or more of the at least two CPUs is dedicated to performing conversion of additional, more complicated protocols to be sent to the primary CPU in at least one of its native Ethernet protocols. This off-loads the primary CPU from having to handle these additional, complicated protocols, thereby reducing the amount of protocol software/firmware required to be integrated with the primary CPU with a subsequent savings in boot-up time and background software overhead.

Abstract: A translator for coupling a first IPv4 network and a second IPv6 network having different addressing architectures for IP addresses so as not to exhaust the IP addresses of one of the two networks, a network system using the translator, and a network coupling method. When a packet is transferred from the IPv6 network to the IPv4 network, the translator assigns any of previously prepared IPv4 addresses to an IPv6 address stored in a source storing field of the IPv6 packet. The assigned address is stored in a source storing field of an IPv4 packet. A packet translation unit assigns the foregoing IPv6 address to an IPv4 address stored in a destination storing field of the IPv4 packet, when a packet is transferred from the IPv4 network to the IPv6 network, and stores this address in a destination storing field of the IPv6 packet.

Abstract: A method for conserving energy at a printing device. The method includes establishing, by a network adapter operably connected to a control system of the printing device, a low-speed network connection, thereby operably connecting the printing device to a data transfer network; receiving, at the printing device, an indication of at least one incoming print job; determining, by the control system, whether the at least one incoming print job requires a high-speed network connection; maintaining the low-speed network connection until the control system determines at least one incoming job requires a high-speed network connection; and, in response to the control system determining that at least one incoming print job requires a high-speed network connection, establishing, by the network adapter, a high-speed network connection.

Abstract: Methods and systems for sending multicast messages are disclosed. A multicast message is received to be transmitted to a plurality of access terminals at a radio access network (RAN), the received multicast message having a first format. The first format may correspond to a conventional multicast message format. The RAN determines whether the received multicast message requires special handling. If the RAN determines the received multicast message requires special handling, the radio access network converts the received multicast message from the first format into a second format. The RAN transmits the converted multicast message with the second format (e.g., a data over signaling (DOS) message) on a control channel to at least one of the plurality of access terminals. The access terminals receiving the converted multicast message interpret the message as a multicast message.

Abstract: An ATM switching system 1 is provided with an ATM switch 11, a reserved connection memory 12 for storing reserved connection information, a call history memory 13 for maintaining call histories of requests for connection from subscriber's terminal units 2?1 to 2?n, and a call-signal processing section 15. The call-signal processing section 15 generates a request for connection with respect to a trunk ATM switching network 3 by the use of the call histories in the call history memory 13 in the case where no call was issued from the subscriber's terminal units, and stores response results thereof in the reserved connection memory 16. Thereafter, when there was a call from the subscriber's terminal units 2?1 to 2?n and contents of the request for connection thereof are the same as the reserved connection information, which has been stored in the reserved connection memory 16, processing for connection is executed by the use of the reserved connection information.

Abstract: A packet-based communications system is provided, including: a client communications module for transmitting digital audio signals to a user interface device over a local area network (LAN) and for receiving digital audio signals from the user interface device, a voice packet module configured to: receive audio signals from the client communications module and encapsulate the audio signals into data packets; convert data packets into audio signals and transmit the audio signals to the client communications module, and a network protocol module for transmitting data packets between the voice packet module and an Internet Protocol (IP) network.

Abstract: The present invention is directed generally to systems and methods for management of nodes, such as multimedia communication endpoints and/or intermediary devices, residing across disparate networks. Embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for managing by a centralized management system nodes residing on disparate protected networks, such as for managing such operations as scheduling, configuring, updating software, etc., nodes such as multimedia communication endpoints (e.g., videoconferencing endpoint devices and/or other multimedia communication devices) and/or intermediary devices (e.g., routers, switches, hubs, etc.). Further, embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for transmitting management data between a centralized management system and nodes on disparate protected networks without sacrificing security desired by each network and in a manner that is not administratively burdensome.

Abstract: A method for communication includes receiving at a wireless access point (AP) a directed probe request from a client specifying a service set identifier (SSID) for which the AP was not configured prior to receiving the directed probe request. In reply to the directed probe request, the AP transmits a probe response to the client using the specified SSID.

Abstract: A method is provided for determining a transmission rate of a control response frame for acknowledging data receipt in a wireless local area network. The method includes obtaining transmission parameters of a transmitting station from a data transmission frame received from the transmitting station, searching a receiving station for transmission parameters which correspond to the transmission parameters of the transmitting station, determining the transmission rate of the control response frame according to transmission parameters of the receiving station if the transmission parameters corresponding to the transmission parameters of the transmitting station are found in the receiving station, and determining a maximum rate among a set of basic transmission rates to be the transmission rate of the control response frame if the transmission parameters corresponding to the transmission parameters of the transmitting station are not found in the receiving station.

Abstract: A packet capture is received from actual network traffic, the traffic including a multiple protocol message exchange. A scenario may be generated based on an analysis of the received packet capture, the scenario modeling the multiple protocol message exchange. The scenario is used to generate tests, for example protocol mutation tests.

Abstract: Base stations with coordinated multiple air-interface operations are provided. In some embodiments, multi-mode base station (BTS) systems operate with different air-interfaces, functionality, or configurations in a coordinated manner. For example, typical applications of such systems can include Macrocell BTS, Picocell BTS, Femtocell BTS, or Access Point (AP), Set Top Box (STB), or Home Gateway, Hot Spot Devices, User Terminal with the capability to perform required base station operations. In some embodiments, various techniques are provided for system improvements and optimizations via radio resource management, including user and system throughput optimization, QoS improvement, interference management, and various other improvements and optimizations. In some embodiments, a system (e.g.

Abstract: A dual platform communication controller, a method of controlling communication of data packets based on different communication standards and a wireless transceiver. In one embodiment, the dual platform communication controller includes: (1) a signal interpreter configured to recognize first data packets based on a first communication standard and second data packets based on a second communication standard and (2) a traffic manager coupled to the signal interpreter and configured to dynamically control communication of the second data packets including active second data packets and allocate bandwidth for communication of the first and second data packets.

Abstract: A mobile phone is provided. The mobile phone includes a first buffer memory, a downloader for downloading a data file from a web server in the first buffer memory, the file being accessible at a web address on the web server, the downloader being connected to the first buffer memory, and a streaming server for streaming data to a remote client equipment according to a predetermined network protocol, the streaming server being connected to the first buffer memory. The streaming server is adapted to be connected to the remote client equipment via a data link and is adapted to receive, from the remote client equipment, a data streaming request. The streaming server includes an activater for activating the downloader, the activater being adapted to activate the downloading of the data file.

Abstract: A method for communicating between a source and a destination in a service provider internet protocol network includes receiving, at an egress edge device from an ingress edge device on the service provider internet protocol network, an upper layer packet comprising data received in turn from the source and encapsulated in accordance with a service provider format into the upper layer packet. The upper layer packet includes a virtual private network identification identifying a destination. The method also includes authenticating the upper layer packet at the egress edge device using the virtual private network identification. Upon authentication, the upper layer packet is decapsulated into a lower layer packet for the destination.

Abstract: A communication device (S) for an MPLS network comprises a signaling module capable of establishing a point-to-multipoint MPLS connection tree with a plurality of leaf nodes (A, B) by transmitting a connection request message and by receiving a reservation method in response, said connection request message comprising addresses of said leaf nodes and characteristics of downstream traffic in order to characterize the quality of service desired for a downstream data flow to transmit to said leaf nodes, said reservation message comprising a label for establishing a downstream MPLS connection. To bidirectionally establish the MPLS connection tree (15, 16, 17), the connection request message further comprises characteristics of upstream traffic in order in order to characterize the quality of service desired for upstream data flows to be received from said leaf nodes and a label for establishing an upstream MPLS connection.