Abstract: A method for communication, includes routing unicast data packets among nodes in a network using respective Layer-3 addresses that are uniquely assigned to each of the nodes. Respective Layer-2 unicast addresses are assigned to the nodes in accordance with an algorithmic mapping of the respective Layer-3 addresses. The unicast data packets are forwarded within subnets of the network using the assigned Layer-2 addresses.

Abstract: A method and a device for transmitting data in a wireless communication system are discussed. The method according to one embodiment includes receiving, by a first station, a first frame from a second station through at least one idle subchannel of a plurality of subchannels; and transmitting, by the first station, a second frame to the second station. If the first frame includes channel information related to all of the at least one idle subchannel through which the first frame is transmitted, the second frame is transmitted via the at least one idle subchannel indicated by the channel information. If the first frame does not include the channel information, the second frame is transmitted via at least one of a plurality of subchannels.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for transmitting broadcast signals thereof are disclosed. The apparatus for transmitting broadcast signals, the apparatus comprises an input formatter for input formatting input streams, wherein the input formatting includes a divider for dividing the input streams into each data transmission path including one or multiple service or service component, wherein each of the input streams includes at least one IP (Internet Protocol) packet having a variable length, wherein each IP packet includes a packet header and a packet payload, a compressor for compressing each the packet header, an encoder for encoding data in the each data transmission path, a frame builder for building at least one signal frame, wherein each the signal frame includes the encoded data and a signaling data and a modulator for modulating at least one of the signal frame by an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) scheme.

Abstract: A method for reducing signaling overhead in user equipment (UE) connected to a base station is provided. The method includes: when the UE sends Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer messages to the base station, the UE compresses RRC layer messages and sends the compressed RRC layer messages to the base station; and when the UE receives the compressed RRC layer messages from the base station, the UE decompresses the compressed RRC layer messages received from the base station.

Abstract: A method for image decoding includes receiving image information including filter coefficients, generating a restored block for a current block on the basis of the image information; and applying an adaptive loop filter to the restored block on the basis of the filter coefficients. Image encoding efficiency may be improved, and complexity may be reduced.

Abstract: A system and method for transmitting wideband signals via a radio communication system adapted for transmitting narrow-band signals is described. A base station is used to transmit and receive a plurality of relatively narrow-band and a plurality of relatively wideband signals. The electromagnetic spectrum available to the plurality of narrow-band signals is selectively shared with the electromagnetic spectrum available to the wideband signals by systematically separating the orthogonal codes and the carrier frequencies used for transmission. The prefixes of the orthogonal codes are preferably mutually exclusive and the carrier frequencies are preferably separated by an offset. The offset may be substantially equal to an integer multiple of the narrow-band signal's chip rate. Alternatively, the offset may be substantially equal to an odd multiple of one half the narrow-band signal's chip rate in which case every other bit of the orthogonally encoded data is inverted.

Abstract: Labeling data is disclosed. Data to be communicated using a first communication protocol is received. For each of a plurality of portions of the received data, a data grouping is identified among a plurality of data groupings of a network connection. A second communication protocol is used to label identified portions of the received data encoded in the first communication protocol with a corresponding data grouping identifier. The labeled identified portions of the data are provided via the network connection.

Abstract: A data processing system comprising: first and second network ports each operable to support a network connection configured according to one or more of a predetermined set of physical layer protocols; and a processor configured to, on a network message being formed for transmission to a network endpoint accessible over either of the first and second network ports: estimate the total time required to, for each of the predetermined set of physical layer protocols, negotiate a respective network connection and transmit the entire network message over that respective network connection; select the physical layer protocol having the lowest estimate of the total time required to negotiate a respective network connection and transmit the network message over that respective network connection; and configure at least one of the first and second network ports to use the selected physical layer protocol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for provisioning of a SIM card by a backend platform of a mobile network, wherein the SIM card comprises an application for activating mobile network service functionalities of a mobile terminal using the SIM card, the application is started automatically when the mobile terminal is switched on and starts a timer of at least up to 10 seconds when the presently used combination of the SIM card and the mobile terminal was not used before, during the timer a browser application on the SIM card is started, which displays data stored in a memory of the SIM card on a display of the mobile terminal and initiates a data connection to the backend platform by using an URL stored in a memory of the SIM card, after the timer has expired the browser application displays data of the URL received from the backend platform as a menu on the display of the mobile terminal, whereby the menu comprises information selectable by a user of the mobile terminal for creating a request for acti

Abstract: The disclosed techniques provide for eliminating real-time transport protocol, RTP, extension bit X, marker bit M, time stamp and sequence number information and/or user data protocol, UDP, checksum information from the header of a packet for transmission.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus of compression on multiple data flows for communication between a user equipment (UE) and a serving node. The methods and apparatus include receiving multiple data flows for compression, wherein each of the multiple data flows includes a plurality of data packets, with each data packet having a data packet header and a payload. Further, the methods and apparatus include determining a compression state for each of the multiple data flows. Moreover, the methods and apparatus include performing a first compression algorithm on each of the multiple data flows determined to have a compression state set to a do-not-compress state, wherein the first compression algorithm includes compressing the data packet header of each data packet without compressing the payload of each data packet.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for wireless communication include receiving, at a compressor component, a data packet flow and determining information associated with the data packet flow from one or more data packets associated with the data packet flow. The determined information includes source or destination information corresponding to the one or more data packets of the data packet flow. Further, the methods and apparatus include classifying the data packet flow as a compressible or an uncompressed data packet flow based on the determined information, and compressing or skipping compressing of the one or more data packets associated with the data packet flow based on the classification of the data packet flow. Additionally, the methods and apparatus include transmitting the one or more compressed or uncompressed data packets depending on the classification of the data packet flow.

Abstract: A communications system includes a transmitter for transmitting an optical signal including a plurality of data streams over an optical communications link. The transmitter includes first signal processing circuitry for processing each of the plurality of input data streams to generate a parallel pair of data streams including an in-phase stream (I) and a quadrature-phase stream (Q) for each of the plurality of input data streams. The first signal processing circuitry modulates a first and second parallel pair of data streams with a selected one of at least three mutually orthogonal functions at a first and second signal widths, respectively, to generate a plurality of first data sub-layers and a plurality of second data sub-layers and generates a plurality of composite data stream by overlaying the first data subs-layers with the second data sub-layers at a preconfigured overlay offset.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provides a parameter estimation processor configured to estimate parameters used to compress data for transmission over a serial data link. The parameter estimation processor includes a processor. The processor includes user programmable inputs. The user programmable inputs set an input data packet length, a target compression ratio, and a resampling factor and allow filter parameters to be set. Input data information is received from an input data buffer of a data sample compressor. The processor performs a function that: (a) adjusting a target compression ratio by a first compression ratio to determine a remaining compression ratio when the resampling operation is enabled; (b) estimating a set of compression parameters that are used to achieve the remaining compression ratio, the set of compression parameters includes an attenuation value, filter order, a type of encoding; and (c) sends the set of compression parameters to the data sample compressor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reducing the header size of data packets by removing inner headers from the data packets, wherein at least an outer header remains for routing purposes. When removing the inner headers from a data packet, a newly configured address of the receiving and/or the transmitting entity is inserted in the remaining outer header of the data packet. Context information is provided in the receiving entities for reconstructing the removed inner headers, wherein the context information is referred to by the newly configured address that is in the source and/or destination address of the outer header. The reduced data packet is transmitted with only one header, thereby significantly reducing the size of each data packet. The original packet is completely reconstructed at the receiving entity thereby allowing to proceed with the usual processing of each data packet.

Abstract: A data transferring apparatus includes a receiving unit configured to receive, from a plurality of bus masters, a data transfer request including attribute information indicating a data transfer type and an address and a sending unit configured to determine, based on information included in the data transfer request, whether the data transfer request is a target to be compressed and to, based in the determination, transfer the data transfer request with or without the attribute information and address.

Abstract: There is provided port switches SWP1 to SWP4, fabric switches SWF1 and SWF2, and user switches SWU1 and SWU2, the port switches SWP1, SWP2 functioning logically as one switch by being connected with a shared communication line between redundancy ports Pr. The port switch SWP2 may receive frames from the user switch SWU1, and when the frames are to be originally transferred from a port P1 to the fabric switch SWF1, the frames are transferred though the redundancy port Pr to the port switch SWP1 if there is a fault on the port P1 side. The port switch SWP1 transfers the frames received from the port switch SWP2 through the redundancy port Pr to the fabric switch SWF1 that is the original transfer destination.

Abstract: Reformatting a media stream to include auxiliary data, the method including: receiving the auxiliary data to be inserted into the media stream; determining the amount of data in the auxiliary data; identifying media data in the media stream to be reduced in size; reformatting the media stream to reduce the amount of data in the media data such that the amount of data removed from the media data is at least equal to the amount of data in the auxiliary data while providing minimal impact to the quality of the media data; and adding the auxiliary data to the media stream which maintains a consistent size.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a feedback method and device for header compression feedback information: After RN is introduced in LTE-A system, user data transmitted at Un interface possesses a complex header structure with nesting double-IP containing GTP. Through application of the technical solution put forward by the embodiments of the present invention, different types of header compression feedback information carried in control PDU can be analyzed and processed with corresponding strategies according to the information in control PDU, thus effectively realizing separate compression and feedback for double headers and improving data transmission efficiency at Un interface.

Abstract: Facilitating feedback to a third generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) or subsequent network is described herein. By way of example one or more blocks of downlink transmission resources (e.g., downlink channel) can be correlated to one or more blocks of uplink transmission resources (e.g., uplink channel) during scheduling of a transmission allocation period. For instance, the correlation can identify to terminal devices a particular uplink channel that can be used to transmit, among other things, a negative acknowledgement (NACK) related to a particular downlink channel. Additionally, multiple uplink resources can be employed to facilitate a quantitative and/or qualitative determination of severity of data loss. Furthermore, a limiting factor can reduce a number of terminal devices responding to lost data simultaneously, reducing feedback interference.

Abstract: A device, computer program product and a method, the method may include: Extracting first size information about sizes of different frames of a first segment of an encrypted first streaming media flow that has a first CBR. Extracting second size information about sizes of different frames of a second segment of a second streaming media flow that has a second CBR that equals the second CBR. The extracting of the first and second size information and the determining of the relationship are executed without decrypting the first and second encrypted streaming media flows. Determining, based on first and second size information and on the first and second type information, a relationship between qualities of the first and second streaming media flows based on the first and second size information. Extracting first type information indicative of which frame of the first segment is the first reference frame and which frames of the first segment are the first non-reference frames.

Abstract: A mobile station (110) for use in a Radio Access Network, RAN (102), connected to a core network (101) in which there is one or more Public Land Mobile Networks, PLMNs (103, 104, 105). The mobile station (110) is arranged to select one of said PLMNs (103, 104, 105), and is arranged to communicate with its RAN (102) by means of Radio Link Control, RLC, data blocks. The mobile station is arranged to include the identity, ID, of its selected PLMN in an RLC data block, and to inform the RAN (102) of the presence of the ID of the chosen PLMN in the RLC data block by means of including a reserved or pre-defined value in the length indication field of the RLC data block.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a plurality of input streams from a transmitting unit to a receiving unit receives the plurality of input data streams and each of the plurality of input data streams are processed to generate a parallel pair of data streams including an in-phase stream (I) and a quadrature-phase stream (Q) for each of the plurality of input data streams. A first and second parallel pair of data streams are modulated with a selected one of at least three mutually orthogonal functions at a first and second signal widths, respectively, using a predefined modulation process to generate a plurality of first data sub-layers and a plurality of second data sub-layers. A plurality of composite data stream are generated by overlaying the first data subs-layers with the second data sub-layers at a preconfigured overlay offset. The plurality of composite data streams are overlapped by a predetermined overlap amount and placed on a wavelength of a communications link.

Abstract: A method is provided in one example and includes segmenting a plurality of cable modems into a plurality of groups; identifying traffic being received or transmitted by each of the plurality of cable modems that is below a threshold; and determining whether to move each of the plurality of cable modems into a low-power mode based, at least in part, on the traffic being received or transmitted by each of the plurality of cable modems.

Abstract: A virtual local area network (VLAN) system that uses an energy saving path includes a terminal which data is input to and output from by a user, a first switch configured to connect the terminal to a network, and a plurality of second switches connected to the first switch to form a trunk link. When traffic load on at least one of the plurality of second switches is less than a lower threshold in a situation in which packets are transmitted using an such that the packets are concentrated on a specific path of the trunk link.

Abstract: A network system includes a signaling network configured to perform signaling information exchange with client nodes, determine a data information transfer route, and generate setting information, and a data network configured to construct the data information transfer route according to the setting information from the signaling network and perform data exchange between the client nodes.

Abstract: A traffic management device (TMD) is situated between a one or more network devices providing jumbo network traffic and one or more device providing non-jumbo network traffic. The TMD is configured to employ TCP segmentation offload hardware within a Network Interface Card (NIC) at the level two/four layers of the OSI stack by rewriting maximum segment size (MSS) information during initial handshake operations, such that jumbo frames may be split into digestible size frames for a non-jumbo network communications.

Abstract: Versatility and flexibility of integrated circuits can be accomplished by remote control via a serial interface, such as SPI. Read/write accesses to the SPI slave node can be achieved according to SPI protocol by the master node. Additionally, a state machine associated to the slave node SPI needs a local clock to exercise the control of the analog functions following a write access. The serial protocol defines a serial data word transfer to comprise a number of reserved clock cycles that are not assigned for communicating a data bit value of the data word. The slave device comprises a clock unit coupled to the serial clock line for providing a derived clock based on reserved clock cycles. The derived clock is used internally in the slave device to perform internal synchronous operations.

Abstract: Systems and methods for establishing secure communications between two network elements through a trusted intermediary when no direct communication path is available. Separate secure communication links are established between the network elements and the trusted intermediary to facilitate secure end to end communication.

Abstract: An embodiment of a system and method that uses inline measurements to probe available bandwidth for a transmission control protocol, and adaptively sets a slow-start threshold according to the available bandwidth. The method includes initializing a congestion window “cwnd,” sending cwnd packets, estimating an available bandwidth for the cwnd packets. The congestion window cwnd is set to a higher number, and the higher number of further packets is sent if the available bandwidth is greater than a first threshold level. The available bandwidth is re-estimated for the higher number of the further packets, and a soft start threshold “ssthresh” is set to the re-estimated available bandwidth. A statistical measure is calculated for the re-estimated available bandwidth, and the congestion window cwnd is set equal to ssthresh if a ratio of the statistical measure to the re-estimated available bandwidth is less than a second threshold level.

Abstract: Example methods and apparatus to indicate space requirements for communicating capabilities of a device are disclosed. In accordance with a disclosed example method, a request is sent to a network to request a quantity of blocks to be allocated for use by a mobile station. The quantity of blocks is determined based on a data size to identify radio access capabilities of the mobile station. An allocation of the quantity of blocks is received from the network. Radio access capability information of the mobile station is sent via the allocated blocks.

Abstract: Method of communication, in a wireless infrastructure access network having a plurality of wireless-enabled network nodes (WNNs), with a wireless-enabled infrastructure gateway node (WIG) and a wireless infrastructure access network. A default unidirectional route is established from each of said plurality of wireless-enabled network nodes (WNNs) to said wireless-enabled infrastructure gateway node (WIG). A bi-directional packet pathway is established over said wireless infrastructure access network between any given one of said wireless-enabled network nodes (WNNs) and said wireless infrastructure gateway node (WIG) that satisfies a specified quality of service (QoS).

Abstract: Systems and methods that enable satellite television subscribers to simultaneously watch video associated with a primary television channel and listen to audio associated with a different secondary television channel.

Abstract: Embodiments of an apparatus for implementing a display port interface are disclosed. The apparatus may include a source processor and a sink processor coupled through an interface. The interface may include a primary link, an auxiliary link, and a hot plug detect link. The source processor may be operable to send a wake-up command to the sink processor via the auxiliary link. The source processor may send initialization parameters to the sink processor via the primary link. The initialization parameters may include a clock data recovery lock parameter and an idle parameter. Following the initialization parameters, the source processor may send a synchronization signal to the sink processor via the primary link. The source processor may then send a sleep command via the primary link to the sink processor.

Abstract: A communication unit includes a plurality of antennas and controls, in transmitting signal using the plurality of antennas, the transmission directivity of the plurality of antennas based on a known signal from the communication terminal. A radio resource allocation unit allocates, to the communication terminal, an uplink frequency band for use in transmission of the known signal from a plurality of unit frequency bands lined in a frequency direction. In newly allocating the uplink frequency band to the communication terminal, the radio resource allocation unit newly determines the uplink frequency band based on elapsed time since the last use of the unit frequency band as the uplink frequency band.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a plurality of input streams from a transmitting unit to a receiving unit receives the plurality of input data streams and each of the plurality of input data streams are processed to generate a parallel pair of data streams including an in-phase stream (I) and a quadrature-phase stream (Q) for each of the plurality of input data streams. A first and second parallel pair of data streams are modulated with a selected one of at least three mutually orthogonal functions at a first and second signal widths, respectively, using a predefined modulation process to generate a plurality of first data sub-layers and a plurality of second data sub-layers. A plurality of composite data stream are generated by overlaying the first data subs-layers with the second data sub-layers at a preconfigured overlay offset. The plurality of composite data streams are overlapped by a predetermined overlap amount and placed on a wavelength of a communications link.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for transmitting frames of N>2 symbols for use in a distributed system having at least two transmitter nodes. The method includes circularly permutating a frame of N symbols; multiplying m first permutated symbols by a phase coefficient ??1, for 0<m?[N/2]+1; and one of the nodes transmitting the frame including the multiplied permutated symbols and another of the nodes transmitting the frame of N symbols.

Abstract: An access management system provides tiered access to a global communications network. A default level of restricted access to the global communications network, for example the Internet, is provided free for all users with a compatible communications device, and at least one subscription level of service is provided to users for a fee. Access to the communications network is monitored and restricted based on user content and resource privileges.

Abstract: A system and method support robust header compression (ROHC) for a mobile station (MS) handover in a wireless communication system. If a mobile station (MS) accesses a base station (BS) controlled by the ASN-GW through a handover, ROHC parameter information is received from a previous ASN-GW controlling a previous BS accessed by the MS before the handover. An ROHC parameter for ROHC-based communication with the MS is determined on the basis of the ROHC parameter information received from the previous ASN-GW. The determined ROHC parameter is transmitted to the MS by using a path modification request message for an ROHC service flow.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program for compressing packet data is provided. In exemplary embodiments, one or more blocks may be identified that include block data similar to packet data of one or more packets. The one or more blocks may comprise archives of previously transferred packets. The packet data may be compressed based, at least partially, on the block data. Accordingly, the compressed packet data may be transferred over a communication network.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for feeding back ACK/NACK for downlink data transmission in a radio communication system. The method is applied on a mobile terminal and includes the following steps: receiving downlink data, calculating, with respect to each Compenent Carrier (CC), a number of ACKs of ACK/NACK information of downlink data sub-frames of the CC, and feeding back numbers of ACKs of the ACK/NACK information of the downlink data sub-frames of CCs.

Abstract: Methods of changing a data rate of communication over an interface between a data transmitter and a data receiver are disclosed, wherein the data transmitter is associated with a first processor and transmitting data over the interface and the data receiver is associated with a second processor. The data transmitter transmits and the data receiver receives data over the interface at a first data rate. At the first processor, it is determined to change the first data rate to a second data rate. The data transmitter transmits and the data receiver receives a request to change the first data rate to the second data rate. In response thereto, a response message is transmitted by the data receiver and received by the data transmitter. When the response message comprises an acknowledgement to change the first data rate to the second data rate, the data transmitter transmits and the data receiver receives data over the interface at the second data rate.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data using an Ethernet AVB transport protocol between nodes of a motor vehicle includes: reserving resources necessary for the transmission of the data by reservation messages from a dedicated protocol; setting flow of data from a node to a particular transmission rate and/or data rate; transmitting data at cyclic intervals via an Ethernet-based network by inputting the data into a transmission frame and forwarding to local transmitters; deactivating the local transmitters and receivers of a node in non-use periods, in which no data need to be transmitted; activating again the local transmitters and receivers of a node provided that data are pending transmission in a transmission frame, wherein the local transmitters and receivers are available for transmission following an activation time; and activating the local transmitters and/or receivers of the nodes based on a reservation message and a setting of the transmission rate and/or data rate.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data between a terminal and a gateway, the data being transported by Ethernet frames comprising an Ethernet header and a payload, which are themselves encapsulated in lower level packets each comprising a header containing a medium access address, comprises the following steps: determining contexts common to frames whose Ethernet headers have identical fields, and defining an identifier of each the context; associating all or some of the frames with the corresponding context identifiers and suppressing the fields from their Ethernet headers; and introducing the context identifier of each frame for which the fields of the Ethernet header have been suppressed from the header of the lower level packet encapsulating it by replacing its medium access address. A method for receiving data transmitted by means of such a method.

Abstract: According to a method for reducing a risk of transmission stalling between a transmitting unit and a receiving unit, data blocks are transmitted to the receiving unit from the transmitting unit. Each data block includes a block sequence number (BSN). The transmitted data blocks are stored in a transmission buffer. A flow of retransmission of transmitted data blocks is controlled with a transmission buffer window comprising an acknowledge state variable (ASV) that contains the BSN value of the oldest data block that has not been positively acknowledged by its peer. If a BSN corresponding to the ASV is acknowledged in a first type of acknowledgment message, a status of the BSN is set as tentative acknowledged. If the block sequence number is acknowledged in a second type of acknowledgement message, the status of the BSN is set as acknowledged, and the transmission buffer window is advanced to the ASV.

Abstract: Aspects of efficient signal compression format schemes are described. In various embodiments, samples are grouped into one or more blocks. One or more scaling factors are determined for the samples in the one or more blocks. In some cases, a block scaling factor is determined for each block. Further, in some embodiments, if a unique scaling factor exists among samples in a block, the position of the sample is identified. In turn, sign extension bits are scaled from the one or more blocks, and samples in the one or more blocks are quantized. In one embodiment, based on a number of sign extension bits scaled from the block and whether the unique scaling factor exists, a scaling code word is encoded for the block. In other embodiments, implicity, adaptive scaling, and/or adaptive quantization, for example, are used to increase the performance of the compression schemes.

Abstract: A device may receive information that identifies a radio frequency condition of a user device, where the radio frequency condition indicates a quality of a radio access network connection of the user device. The device may determine a radio frequency parameter value based on the radio frequency condition, and may set a data rate for a transmission control protocol (“TCP”) communication with the user device based on the radio frequency parameter value.

Abstract: A cable modem termination system (CMTS) is disclosed that allocates one or more minislots of a super-frame arrangement to cable modems for upstream transmission. The super-frame arrangement includes multiple minislots that correspond to multiple communication channels of one or more super-frames. The CMTS receives requests for upstream bandwidth from the cable modems. The CMTS continuously allocates the minislots of the super-frame to provide upstream bandwidth grants to accommodate these requests. The CMTS communicates the upstream bandwidth grants as a single upstream bandwidth allocation map (MAP) to the cable modems.

Abstract: A system may receive a connection request, from a user device, that includes information identifying a particular application; identify that the particular application is associated with a group of classes of traffic; establish a group of bearer channels that are associated with the group of classes of traffic, the group of bearer channels being associated with a group of different levels of quality of service (“QoS”); process, via a first bearer channel and according to a first level of QoS, first traffic associated with the user device and the particular application; and process, via a second bearer channel of the group of bearer channels, according to a second level of QoS, second traffic associated with the user device and the particular application, the second bearer channel being different from the first bearer channel, and the second level of QoS being different from the first level of QoS.

Abstract: A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a centralized broadband gateway for a wireless communication system, including: a router/gateway module which receives encoded compressed audio/video (A/V) streams and distributes the encoded compressed audio/video A/V streams; multiple audio/video decoders which receive the encoded compressed A/V streams from the a router/gateway module, decode the encoded compressed A/V streams, and output uncompressed A/V streams; and an integrated Wireless High Definition Multimedia Interface (WHDMI) which receives the uncompressed A/V streams from the multiple audio/video decoders and transmits the uncompressed A/V streams wirelessly to media devices, without deploying individual media processors at each media device. Other embodiments are disclosed.