Abstract: Apparatus and methods for stirring a molten metal are provided. The apparatus comprising: two or more discrete units, each unit including a core being provided with two or more teeth, the core being provided with at least one electrically conducting coils; in use, mounting a first discrete unit in proximity to the container at a first location; in use, mounting a second discrete unit in proximity to the container at a second location; electrical connections between the two or more discrete units and a common control unit, thereby providing an electromagnetic stirrer. The apparatus format allows the discrete units to be position between different pairs of elements or parts of furnaces and the like to allow retrofitting of electromagnetic stirring where access is restricted.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide apparatus and methods for melting materials and for containing the molten materials within melt zone during melting. Exemplary apparatus may include a vessel configured to receive a material for melting therein; a load induction coil positioned adjacent to the vessel to melt the material therein; and a containment induction coil positioned in line with the load induction coil. The material in the vessel can be heated by operating the load induction coil at a first RF frequency to form a molten material. The containment induction coil can be operated at a second RF frequency to contain the molten material within the load induction coil. Once the desired temperature is achieved and maintained for the molten material, operation of the containment induction coil can be stopped and the molten material can be ejected from the vessel into a mold through an ejection path.

Abstract: A method for joining a filler material to a substrate material includes melting the filler material within a melting chamber of a crucible such that the filler material is molten. The crucible has an outlet fluidly connected to the melting chamber. The method also includes holding the filler material within the melting chamber of the crucible by applying a first pressure differential across the outlet of the crucible, and releasing the filler material from the melting chamber of the crucible by applying a second pressure differential across the outlet of the crucible to deliver the filler material to a target site of the substrate material. The second pressure differential has a different value than the first pressure differential.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for electric induction heating and melting of a transition material that is non-electrically conductive in the solid state and electrically conductive in the non-solid state in an electric induction heating and melting process wherein solid or semi-solid charge is periodically added to a heel of molten transition material initially placed in a refractory crucible. Induction power is sequentially supplied to a plurality of coils surrounding the exterior height of the crucible at high power level and high frequency with in-phase voltage until a crucible batch of transition material is in the crucible when the induction power is reduced in power level and frequency with voltage phase shifting to the induction coils along the height of the crucible to induce a unidirectional electromagnetic stir of the crucible batch of material.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for electric induction heating and melting of a transition material that is non-electrically conductive in the solid state and electrically conductive in the non-solid state in an electric induction heating and melting process wherein solid or semi-solid charge is periodically added to a heel of molten transition material initially placed in a refractory crucible. Induction power is sequentially supplied to a plurality of coils surrounding the exterior height of the crucible at high power level and high frequency with in-phase voltage until a crucible batch of transition material is in the crucible when the induction power is reduced in power level and frequency with voltage phase shifting to the induction coils along the height of the crucible to induce a unidirectional electromagnetic stir of the crucible batch of material.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for electric induction heating and melting of a transition material that is non-electrically conductive in the solid state and electrically conductive in the non-solid state in an electric induction heating and melting process wherein solid or semi-solid charge is periodically added to a heel of molten transition material initially placed in a refractory crucible. Induction power is sequentially supplied to a plurality of coils surrounding the exterior height of the crucible at high power level and high frequency with in-phase voltage until a crucible batch of transition material is in the crucible when the induction power is reduced in power level and frequency with voltage phase shifting to the induction coils along the height of the crucible to induce a unidirectional electromagnetic stir of the crucible batch of material.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for heating and melting a material in a susceptor vessel are provided wherein phase synchronized ac voltage is supplied from a separate power source to each one of at least two induction coils in separate zones around the vessel. Power magnitude from each source to an induction coil is controlled by pulse width control of the source's output voltage. Output frequency from each source is either fixed or variable based upon the electrically conductive state of the material. Optional electromagnetic stirring is achieved by establishing a phase shift between the voltage outputs of the power supplies after the material in the susceptor vessel has melted.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for electric induction heating and/or stirring of a molten electrically conductive composition in a containment vessel with the apparatus being removably insertable in the molten composition. An induction coil embedded in refractory or a coating is submerged in the composition and used to heat and/or stir the molten composition either externally or internally to the refractory or coating.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for electric induction heating and/or stirring of a molten electrically conductive composition in a containment vessel with the apparatus being removably insertable in the molten composition. An induction coil embedded in refractory or a coating is submerged in the composition and used to heat and/or stir the molten composition either externally or internally to the refractory or coating.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for electric induction heating and melting of a transition material that is non-electrically conductive in the solid state and electrically conductive in the non-solid state in an electric induction heating and melting process wherein solid or semi-solid charge is periodically added to a heel of molten transition material initially placed in a refractory crucible. Induction power is sequentially supplied to a plurality of coils surrounding the exterior height of the crucible at high power level and high frequency with in-phase voltage until a crucible batch of transition material is in the crucible when the induction power is reduced in power level and frequency with voltage phase shifting to the induction coils along the height of the crucible to induce a unidirectional electromagnetic stir of the crucible batch of material.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for electric induction heating and melting of a transition material that is non-electrically conductive in the solid state and electrically conductive in the non-solid state in an electric induction heating and melting process wherein solid or semi-solid charge is periodically added to a heel of molten transition material initially placed in a refractory crucible. Induction power is sequentially supplied to a plurality of coils surrounding the exterior height of the crucible at high power level and high frequency with in-phase voltage until a crucible batch of transition material is in the crucible when the induction power is reduced in power level and frequency with voltage phase shifting to the induction coils along the height of the crucible to induce a unidirectional electromagnetic stir of the crucible batch of material.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for electric induction heating and melting of a transition material that is non-electrically conductive in the solid state and electrically conductive in the non-solid state in an electric induction heating and melting process wherein solid or semi-solid charge is periodically added to a heel of molten transition material initially placed in a refractory crucible. Induction power is sequentially supplied to a plurality of coils surrounding the exterior height of the crucible at high power level and high frequency with in-phase voltage until a crucible batch of transition material is in the crucible when the induction power is reduced in power level and frequency with voltage phase shifting to the induction coils along the height of the crucible to induce a unidirectional electromagnetic stir of the crucible batch of material.

Abstract: An agitation device, a melting apparatus, and a melting method for improving melting efficiency of molten metal without contaminating the same. The agitation device is provided with a traveling magnetic field generating unit which is disposed outside a charging tank for storing molten metal and generates, inside the charging tank, a magnetic field that travels downward along the rear sidewall of the charging tank. A flow of the molten metal that rotates longitudinally about an axis approximately parallel to the surface of the molten metal is produced in the molten metal. By charging aluminum cutting chips into the molten metal in which the flow is produced, the aluminum cutting chips move with a downward flow of the molten metal, and are immersed in the molten metal. As a result, melting of the aluminum cutting chips can be accelerated.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for electric induction heating and melting of a transition material that is non-electrically conductive in the solid state and electrically conductive in the non-solid state in an electric induction heating and melting process wherein solid or semi-solid charge is periodically added to a heel of molten transition material initially placed in a refractory crucible. Induction power is sequentially supplied to a plurality of coils surrounding the exterior height of the crucible at high power level and high frequency with in-phase voltage until a crucible batch of transition material is in the crucible when the induction power is reduced in power level and frequency with voltage phase shifting to the induction coils along the height of the crucible to induce a unidirectional electromagnetic stir of the crucible batch of material.

Abstract: A melting furnace includes a gas supplying unit configured to protrude inwardly of the melting furnace to supply a gas to the melting furnace, the gas supplying unit including a gas supplying pipe configured to penetrate the melting furnace to protrude inwardly of the melting furnace and configured to have a nozzle hole formed at a front end thereof; and a cooling passage pipe provided outside the gas supplying pipe to include a second cooling passage through which a cooling liquid flows, the second cooling passage being directly connected to a first cooling passage through which the cooling liquid is circulated along a wall of the melting furnace.

Abstract: A melting furnace includes a gas supplying unit configured to protrude inwardly of the melting furnace to supply a gas to the melting furnace, the gas supplying unit including a gas supplying pipe configured to penetrate the melting furnace to protrude inwardly of the melting furnace and configured to have a nozzle hole formed at a front end thereof; and a cooling passage pipe provided outside the gas supplying pipe to include a second cooling passage through which a cooling liquid flows, the second cooling passage being directly connected to a first cooling passage through which the cooling liquid is circulated along a wall of the melting furnace.

Abstract: An agitator for applying an alternating field to a melting furnace main body in order to melt a row material to form a melt includes a plurality of magnets, which are arranged so that magnetic lines of force emitted from one of the magnets pass through the melt in the melting furnace main body and return to another magnet, the magnets being fixed to an inclined surface which is inclined by an angle with respect to a horizontal surface, and being rotatable around an axis substantially perpendicular to the inclined surface.

Abstract: An induction heated furnace assembly for producing a directionally solidified casting includes a susceptor that tailors strength of the magnetic field within the chamber to provide a desired grain structure in a completed cast part. The susceptor proportionally blocks portions of the magnetic field to provide different levels of magnetic stirring within the molten material at different locations within the furnace assembly stirring induced by the magnetic field is controlled and varied throughout the furnace assembly to create the desired grain structures in the completed cast article.

Abstract: Electromagnetic device for fusion and interfacial agitation of diphase systems, particularly for the acceleration of metallurgic or pyrochemical processes, which includes for example a crucible to contain a diphase system, an inductor surrounding this crucible, and a circuit for the supply of the inductor by a current with two components, namely a high frequency component which melts the phases of the system and a low frequency component which agitates the interface of the phases.

Abstract: There is provided a melting furnace with an agitator. The melting furnace with an agitator includes a melting furnace that contains melt, and an agitator that agitates the melt by an electromagnetic force. The agitator includes a first electrode that is provided at an arbitrary position of the melting furnace so as to come in contact with the melt contained in the melting furnace, a second electrode that is provided near a bottom wall of the melting furnace so as to come in contact with the melt, a first magnetic field device that is provided outside the melting furnace so as to face the bottom wall of the melting furnace and makes a north pole face the bottom wall, and a second magnetic field device that is provided outside the melting furnace so as to face the bottom wall of the melting furnace and makes a south pole face the bottom wall. The first and second magnetic field devices are disposed with a gap in a certain direction.

Abstract: A method of restoring the electrical efficiency of channel and pressure pour furnaces includes plunging a fluxing material with a specially designed plunging lance. The plunging lance chamber containing the fluxing material is 24 to 32 inches in length, 3 inches in diameter and has a capacity to hold 5 to 7.5 pounds of flux briquettes. The plunging chamber has holes drilled along the length of the body. The fluxing material contains by weight from 8.0 to 28.7% CaCO3 (calcium carbonate or limestone), from 0 to 18.5% MgCO3 (magnesium carbonate), from 3.6 to 18.0% Al2O3 (alumina) from 1.4 to 7.1% SiO2 (silica), in the form of a complex aluminosilicate, and from 19.4 to 46.4% Na2O (sodium oxide), in the form of soda ash (sodium carbonate). The total level of sodium ranges from 23 to 26% and up to 10% sodium fluoride or sodium chloride may be substituted for soda ash.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for electric induction heating and melting of a transition material that is non-electrically conductive in the solid state and electrically conductive in the non-solid state in an electric induction heating and melting process wherein solid or semi-solid charge is periodically added to a heel of molten transition material initially placed in a refractory crucible. Induction power is sequentially supplied to a plurality of coils surrounding the exterior height of the crucible at high power level and high frequency with in-phase voltage until a crucible batch of transition material is in the crucible when the induction power is reduced in power level and frequency with voltage phase shifting to the induction coils along the height of the crucible to induce a unidirectional electromagnetic stir of the crucible batch of material.

Abstract: Thus, as shown by an exact electrodynamic computation of EMBF and the estimations described above of the velocity of turbulent flows arising due to their effect, application of amplitude- and frequency-modulated helically traveling (rotating and axially traveling) electromagnetic fields in metallurgical and chemical technologies and foundry can considerably increase the hydraulic efficiency of MHD facilities, intensify the processes of heat and mass transfer in technological plants, significantly increase their productivity, considerably decrease energy consumption for the production of metals, alloys, cast articles, and chemical products, and improve their quality.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods of operation are provided for a cold-crucible-induction melter for vitrifying waste wherein a single induction power supply may be used to effect a selected thermal distribution by independently energizing at least two inductors. Also, a bottom drain assembly may be heated by an inductor and may include an electrically resistive heater. The bottom drain assembly may be cooled to solidify molten material passing therethrough to prevent discharge of molten material therefrom. Configurations are provided wherein the induction flux skin depth substantially corresponds with the central longitudinal axis of the crucible. Further, the drain tube may be positioned within the induction flux skin depth in relation to material within the crucible or may be substantially aligned with a direction of flow of molten material within the crucible. An improved head design including four shells forming thermal radiation shields and at least two gas-cooled plenums is also disclosed.

Abstract: Thus, as shown by an exact electrodynamic computation of EMBF and the estimations described above of the velocity of turbulent flows arising due to their effect, application of amplitude- and frequency-modulated helically traveling (rotating and axially traveling) electromagnetic fields in metallurgical and chemical technologies and foundry can considerably increase the hydraulic efficiency of MHD facilities, intensify the processes of heat and mass transfer in technological plants, significantly increase their productivity, considerably decrease energy consumption for the production of metals, alloys, cast articles, and chemical products, and improve their quality.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods of operation are provided for a cold-crucible-induction melter for vitrifying waste wherein a single induction power supply may be used to effect a selected thermal distribution by independently energizing at least two inductors. Also, a bottom drain assembly may be heated by an inductor and may include an electrically resistive heater. The bottom drain assembly may be cooled to solidify molten material passing therethrough to prevent discharge of molten material therefrom. Configurations are provided wherein the induction flux skin depth substantially corresponds with the central longitudinal axis of the crucible. Further, the drain tube may be positioned within the induction flux skin depth in relation to material within the crucible or may be substantially aligned with a direction of flow of molten material within the crucible. An improved head design including four shells forming thermal radiation shields and at least two gas-cooled plenums is also disclosed.

Abstract: A vacuum chamber for induction heating and/or melting of a metal permits a significant portion of the magnetic field produced in the vacuum induction heating and/or melting process to make contact with the wall of the chamber without causing the chamber wall to overheat from induction heating.

Abstract: Molten metal, or other electrically conductive material, in a vessel can be inductively heated, and simultaneously inductively stirred. A single-phase ac supply provides induction heating power to at least one set of three induction coil sections surrounding the vessel. A three-phase ac supply provides induction stirring power to at least one set of three induction coil sections surrounding the vessel. The single-phase ac supply is capacitively connected to the coil sections to form a heat resonance circuit, and the three-phase ac supply is inductively connected to the coil sections to form a stir resonance circuit. The heat circuit capacitive elements provide a sufficient impedance to the output of the three-phase ac supply to block power transfer from its output to the input of the single-phase supply. The stir circuit inductive elements provide a sufficient impedance to the output of the single-phase supply to block power transfer from its output to the input of the three-phase supply.

Abstract: An induction furnace is provided with a bottom induction coil to melt, heat and/or stir an electrically conductive material placed in the furnace. The furnace is particularly useful for electrically conductive materials having a relatively low value of thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

Abstract: Molten metal, or other electrically conductive material, in a vessel can be inductively heated, and simultaneously inductively stirred. A single-phase ac supply provides induction heating power to at least one set of three induction coil sections surrounding the vessel. A three-phase ac supply provides induction stirring power to at least one set of three induction coil sections surrounding the vessel. The single-phase ac supply is capacitively connected to the coil sections to form a heat resonance circuit, and the three-phase ac supply is inductively connected to the coil sections to form a stir resonance circuit. The heat circuit capacitive elements provide a sufficient impedance to the output of the three-phase ac supply to block power transfer from its output to the input of the single-phase supply. The stir circuit inductive elements provide a sufficient impedance to the output of the single-phase supply to block power transfer from its output to the input of the three-phase supply.

Abstract: An installation for processing by induction a metallic material is disclosed. The installation includes a first winding including, in series, at least one first coil of at least one turn and at least one second coil of at least one turn, wound in opposite directions around a container, the first winding having two end terminals connected to an A.C. supply source and across at first capacitor, and at least one second winding including, in series, at least one first coil of at least one turn and at least one second coil of at least one turn, wound in opposite directions around the container by being imbricated in the first winding, wherein the ends of the second winding being connected across a second capacitor (C′).

Abstract: According to the invention, the skull pot is provided with the following characteristics: a pot wall (1), a bottom (3) and an induction coil (9) which surrounds the pot wall (1) and by means of which high-frequency energy can be coupled into the contents of the pot. The pot wall (1) is made of a ring of metal pipes (1.1) which can be connected to a cooling medium. Slits are embodied between adjacent metal pipes (1.1). The metal pipes (1.1) are bent at a right angle at the upper ends thereof in such a way that said pipes extend towards the outside, when the pot wall (1) is viewed from above, and form a collar (2). The collar (2) is surrounded by an additional wall (upper wall 4). The upper edge of said wall is situated on a higher level than the collar (2) in such a way that the melt covers the collar (2) during operation.

Abstract: Molten metal, or other electrically conductive material, in a vessel can be inductively heated, and simultaneously inductively stirred. A single-phase ac supply provides induction heating power to at least one set of three induction coil sections surrounding the vessel. A three-phase ac supply provides induction stirring power to at least one set of three induction coil sections surrounding the vessel. The single-phase ac supply is capacitively connected to the coil sections to form a heat resonance circuit, and the three-phase ac supply is inductively connected to the coil sections to forma a stir resonance circuit. The heat circuit capacitive elements provide a sufficient impedance to the output of the three-phase ac supply to block power transfer from its output to the input of the single-phase supply. The stir circuit inductive elements provide a sufficient impedance to the output of the single-phase supply to block power transfer from its output to the input of the three-phase supply.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to prevent oxidation during the metal melting, by suspending both heating and supply of metal material under the monitoring by measuring the oxygen concentration in the inactive gas atmosphere. A oxidation prevent method of melting metal material by a melting vessel 1 comprising inside a rotatable agitation member 8, having a weighing chamber 4 communicating with a nozzle member 2, and an injection member 9 advanceably and retractably inserting an extremity injection plunger 12 passing through the agitation member 8 in the weighing chamber 4, and the melting vessel being installed on a slant with the nozzle member 2 downside. The space area over the melted metal surface 15a of the melting vessel 1 is made into inactive gas atmosphere. The oxygen concentration in this space area is measured and monitored.

Abstract: Molten metal, or other electrically conductive material, in a vessel can be inductively heated, and simultaneously inductively stirred. A single-phase ac supply provides induction heating power to at least one set of three induction coil sections surrounding the vessel. A three-phase ac supply provides induction stirring power to at least one set of three induction coil sections surrounding the vessel. The single-phase ac supply is capacitively connected to the coil sections to form a heat resonance circuit, and the three-phase ac supply is inductively connected to the coil sections to forma a stir resonance circuit. The heat circuit capacitive elements provide a sufficient impedance to the output of the three-phase ac supply to block power transfer from its output to the input of the single-phase supply. The stir circuit inductive elements provide a sufficient impedance to the output of the single-phase supply to block power transfer from its output to the input of the three-phase supply.

Abstract: An induction furnace is provided with a bottom induction coil to melt, heat and/or stir an electrically conductive material placed in the furnace. The furnace is particularly useful for electrically conductive materials having a relatively low value of thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

Abstract: Fine metallic particles are melted in a furnace having an upper region surrounded by a crucible coil and a lower region forming a channel holding a core of a channel inductor. The particles are filled from above into the vessel while simultaneously electrically energizing the inductor with alternating current to inductively heat and fuse the particles and thereby form a melt in the vessel and electrically energizing the coil with alternating current to mix the melt in the vessel while energizing the inductor.

Abstract: A guide tube structure for flux concentration is provided. The discharge guide tube comprises a central orifice that extends from a source of metal to an outlet in the discharge guide tube for directing a stream of melt therethrough; a structure that generates an electromagnetic field in the discharge guide tube; and an interior discharge guide tube flux concentration configuration that is capable of concentrating at least one of heat, electromagnetic field, and electromagnetic flux onto the stream of melt that flows through the central orifice. The electromagnetic field is applied at a substantially constant level.

Abstract: A molten metal reactor (10) includes a reactor vessel having a heating section (11) formed from a dielectric material. The reactor vessel also includes a reaction section (12) connected to heating section (11). An induction heating coil (18) is associated with the reactor vessel heating section (11) and produces an electromagnetic field within a field area (19). A portion of the field extends through the heating section (11) for inductively heating a reactant metal (14) contained in the heating section, while a dielectric spacing material (25) positioned around induction heating coil (18) isolates electrically conductive materials from the induction heating field (19). A circulating arrangement (20) circulates molten reactant metal between the heating section (11) and reaction section (12) to react waste material introduced into the reactor in the reaction section, outside of the induction heating field (19).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a melting method by which the melting raw materials having a variety of configurations are collectively melted to enable the composition to be adjusted in the melt, and a melting apparatus and tapping method by which tapping is readily controlled, wherein the raw materials are melted by flowing an electric current satisfying the frequency range defined by the equation below using a crucible with an inner diameter of 400 mm or more in melting using a cold crucible induction melting apparatus, the melt being tapped through a tapping nozzle provided at the bottom of the crucible and equipped with a tapping coil wound around the circumference of the nozzle:7.8.times.2.times.log(D).ltoreq.log(F).ltoreq.8.7-2.times.log(D)(wherein F denotes the frequency of a power supply and D denotes the inner diameter (mm) of the crucible).

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatuses for processing homogeneous/heterogeneous radioactive wastes comprising ion-exchange resins. A cooled discharge unit comprises a discharge pipe, a cooling jacket having a U-shaped form in cross section, a collector for feeding a coolant into the jacket, a discharge gate comprising a pipe, on one end of which a cone-shaped tip is positioned, on the other end a lid with an aperture. A cooled induction melter comprises a housing, side walls and bottom of which are made of metal pipes disposed with a gap therebetween and combined by a collector for supplying and discharging the coolant, an inductor positioned adaptable for displacement along the longitudinal axis of the melter and concentrically encompassing the side walls of the housing, the gaps between the pipes of which ensure transparency of the housing for an electromagnetic field of the inductor.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for controlling stirring of molten metal(24) during processing in a metallurgical vessel(20), free of mechanical-contact with the molten metal(24). Efficiencies of metal processing and improvements in metallurgical properties are achieved by selecting configurations and placement of interacting apparatus(40), and by controlling electromagnetic field characteristics. Apparatus(40) can be retrofitted to an existing vessel and a reduction in vessel maintenance results from a decreased rate of slag buildup during usage.

Abstract: Molten matter is discharged from a cold crucible induction melting furnace provided with a furnace body disposed within a high-frequency coil for heating the furnace body. A metallic discharging nozzle extends downwardly from an inner bottom portion of the furnace body and can be electrically insulated from the furnace body. A high-frequency coil for heating the discharging nozzle is disposed around the nozzle. An electric circuit for removing high-frequency noise generated from the high-frequency coil for heating the furnace body is disposed in the high-frequency coil for heating the nozzle. High reliability and high controllability can be achieved without electric short-circuits between the furnace body and the nozzle and noise interference between the high-frequency coils.

Abstract: In a process for the operation of coreless induction melting and/or holding furnaces--in which there results in the melting operation at a relatively high induction frequency (as compared to the mains frequency) a slight stirring motion in the melt, but a high degree of effectiveness for the melting process, and in the melting and holding operation at a correspondingly lower induction frequency there results a greater stirring motion in the melt, but a lower degree of effectiveness for the melting process--it is provided that at least one capacitor switched in parallel to the induction coil(s) is provided, which capacitor(s), together with the induction coil(s), form a resonant circuit; and that in the transition from the melting operation with slight stirring motion in the melt to the melting or holding operation with greater stirring motion, or in the reverse transition, the capacitor capacitance and/or the inductance present in the resonant circuit is increased, or as the case may be, decreased.

Abstract: A galvanizing apparatus comprising a vessel for containing a melt of molten metal. The vessel includes at least one conical projection in its side walls around which an induction heating coil is wound to generate a uniform and continuous stirring pattern of molten metal that penetrates deeply into the pot. In a second embodiment, the galvanizing vessel has no projections from its side walls, but comprises instead one or more flat inductors disposed on the exterior wall of the vessel. The flat inductor is surrounded by magnetic return shunts for directing the magnetic force field created by the inductor.

Abstract: An object material to be melted (radioactive liquid waste and glass material) 16 is charged into the interior of a cold-crucible induction melting apparatus 10, and a conductor 18 the melting point of which is higher than that of the glass material is inserted into a melting furnace 12. A high-frequency current is supplied to a coil 14 so as to generate heat in the conductor and indirectly heat the glass material. The conductor is withdrawn after a part of the glass material has been put in a molten state. The glass material as a whole is thereafter kept in a molten state while maintaining the induction heating by the molten glass material. The conductor inserted into the melting furnace is, for example, a silicon carbide rod. The surface of the molten material which contacts the inner surface of the melting furnace turns into a solid layer (skull) due to cooling, so that the molten material does not directly contact the refractories.

Abstract: A process for melting an electroconductive material (1) in a melting furnace (10) by induction in a cold crucible includes electromagnetically confining a mass of the electroconductive material (1) up to its melting temperature. Then, at least one vortex is created in the liquid material to inclusion particles contained in the liquid electroconductive material. The vortex or vortices are created by electromagnetic stirring. A part of the mass of the liquid electroconductive material (1) is poured in a pouring tube (15) disposed under the melting furnace (10), subjecting the jet of the pouring of the liquid electroconductive material (1) to a radial electromagnetic confinement, and ensuring a vertical coaxial alignment of the electromagnetic fields acting on the mass of liquid electroconductive material (1) and on the pouring jet of the mass. An induction melting furnace employing a cold crucible for carrying out this is also disclosed.

Abstract: A plurality of segments 12 respectively formed of an electrically insulated conductive material such as copper or the like are disposed inside an induction coil 1 in the peripheral direction of the induction coil 1 to thereby construct a crucible 3. There is formed a small cylindrical hole 4 in the center of the bottom portion of the crucible 3. A magnetic flux is allowed to enter the crucible 3 from slits 15 respectively formed between the hole 4 and segments 12 and is then interlinked with an object to be heated. The slits 15 respectively defined by mutually adjoining segments 12 are arranged such that the width of the bottom portion thereof is greater than that of the cylindrical portion thereof. When the width of the slit in the bottom portion is increased, then a leakage flux to the crucible is increased which in turn increases a levitation force F.

Abstract: In a fast-melting induction furnace, an elevationally movable pressing cover 4 suppresses the swell of molten metal 3 inside a crucible 2 on which a coil 1 is wound. The pressing cover 4 has a lower surface which is made concave. An upper half part of the motion of the molten metal 3 caused by electromagnetic force is made in conformity with the concave shape of the lower surface 5, so that the dangerous blowout of molten metal through a gap 8 is effectively prevented. Accordingly, the fast melting by the supply of high electric power can be performed. The lower surface 5 may be shaped as a cylindrical surface, a paraboloidal surface of revolution, a partial spherical surface, or the like, or may be shaped like a runner bucket of a Pelton turbine which has a slightly projecting center portion.

Abstract: A treatment of metal melts comprising the addition of chemically active substances or alloying elements with subsequent mixing taking place as a result of electromagnetic force exerted on the metal melt. The melt, which fills a substantially cylindrical vessel to above its half way mark, is raised to the vertex of the vessel by means of a rotational movement about the substantially horizontal axis of the vessel, and is then allowed to fall back or is conveyed back in the direction of the axis of the vessel to the surface of the melt, on which the chemically active substances or alloying elements have been introduced.