Abstract: A furnace cooling panel monitoring system utilizes individual cooling panel data to produce critical monitoring data. An exemplary cooling panel monitoring system utilizes the input from a plurality of temperature sensors configured to accurately measure the temperature change of cooling fluid flowing through each individual panel. The change in temperature from the inlet to the outlet of a cooling panel along with the flow rate of the cooling fluid through the panel can be used to calculate the a heat energy dissipation rate of the cooling panel, or heat flux. The flow rate through individual panels is determined by K-values or resistance to flow constants for a given cooling panel. The heat energy dissipation rate for individual panels can be provided to a user through a computer implemented monitoring program in real time. Alerts may be initiated by the computer implemented monitoring program when a threshold value has been exceeded.

Abstract: A method and apparatus closing a slag doorway and cleaning the slag doorway and channel of a metallurgical furnace including walls defining a slag doorway and a slag channel that crosses the slag doorway and has a bottom. The apparatus includes a support structure associable with the furnace, at least one slag-breaking body including a lower border that, under mounting conditions of the apparatus on the furnace, is directed towards the bottom and at a definable height, the slag-breaking body being associated with the support structure in a movable manner along the slag channel away and/or towards the slag doorway to wipe, with its lower border, the bottom or a parallel plane, and a vibrating or oscillating mechanism associated with the slag-breaking body to confer a vibrating or oscillating movement with non null component incident the bottom, during a travel performed during its movement away or towards the slag doorway.

Abstract: A roof system for an electric arc furnace includes a skew removably attached to the electric arc furnace, a lining of refractory material affixed to the skew, and a delta composed of a refractory material. The delta has at least one aperture capable of receiving an electrode. The delta fits onto and is supported by the refractory lining that is affixed to the skew.

Abstract: The invention relates to a furnace slag door, comprising at least one panel which is moveable, in a mounted state of the slag door, from an opened position, in which the panel is remote from a corresponding slag discharge opening within the furnace wall to a closed position, in which the panel covers at least part of said slag discharge opening. The invention further comprises a corresponding furnace equipped with such slag door. The furnace is, in particular, an electric arc furnace (EAF) but may be as well of another type.

Abstract: A high temperature industrial furnace roof system having first and second spaced apart hanger brick rows with a filler row disposed therebetween and a cable system including a plurality of electrical cables. The filler row includes a plurality of filler elements having at least one removable heating module with a heat source. The cable system operatively connects the heat source with a power source and permits the removable heating module to be removed from the respective filler element while the respective heat source remains operatively connected with the power source.

Abstract: A sensor system for monitoring and controlling the performance of the bottom electrode and the deflection of an electric arc in an electric steel making furnace includes an organized matrix of anode pins interspersed with refractory material and extending toward an electrically conductive plate secured to distal ends of the anode pins. A sensing device includes two temperature sensors at spaced apart locations along each of a distributed select group of anode pins for providing corresponding electrical signals and a current sensor responsive to electrical current flowing through the anode pins of the distributed select group of anode pins for providing a corresponding electrical signal. A controller responsive to the electrical signals derived at the anode pins of the select group operates the power supply and a display for monitoring the electrical performance of the elongated anode pins for heating by the electric arc in the furnace.

Abstract: A reversible jamb block for a furnace, oven or kiln, having an attachment side adapted to removably attach to the first side of a doorway for the furnace, oven or kiln, and adapted to removably attach to the second side of the doorway, such that one face of the jamb block is directed away from the furnace when the attachment side of the jamb block is attached to the first side of the doorway, and a second face opposite the first face, is directed away from the furnace when the attachment side of the jamb block is attached to the second side of the doorway.

Abstract: This invention relates to an industrial furnace roof filler element to allow replacement of a failed heat source during operation. The filler element can include a lower portion, a module, an aperture, a protuberance, a bore and/or a heat source. This invention also relates to a method of operation for an industrial furnace wherein a failed heat source is replaced during operation of the industrial furnace.

Abstract: A sill and door jamb assembly providing an opening in an electric arc furnace, the sill and door jamb assembly having a sill block assembly and two jamb block assemblies. The sill block assembly having side-by-side sill blocks, each of the sill blocks being positioned side-by-side to form the sill block assembly and having an upper end and a lower end. The lower end of the sill block assembly is confined within a plurality of courses of the refractory bricks. Each jamb block assembly having a plurality of jamb blocks positioned side-by-side. Each of the jamb block assemblies having a lower end and an inner surface abutting the distal ends of the sill block assembly. The inner surfaces of the jamb block assemblies and the upper surface of the sill block assembly form the slag opening in the furnace.

Abstract: There is provided an electric heater support plate which is not likely to be softened or deformed during firing at a high temperature, even if a material to be fired contains an alkaline component or an Si component as a volatile component. A passage 2 for the material to be fired surrounded by a ceiling refractory 11, wall refractories 12 and a floor refractory 13 is provided with an electric heater 3 heating from above and an electric heater 5 heating from below. This electric heater 3 has at least its heating part 31 mounted and supported on a fire-resistant support plate 4, and this support plate 4 in this invention has a two-layer structure in which an insulating ceramic support plate 41 is laminated on an SiC-based ceramic plate 42.

Abstract: A device for controlling an arc furnace installation has an automatic controller (3) wherein a functional unit (6) for furnace control, a functional unit (7) for electrode control and a functional unit (8) for melting control are integrated in the controller (3).

Abstract: Method for heating a fluid, in particular a fluid which is not electrical conductive, where a rotor body (10) which is arranged in a chamber for absorption of the fluid, is rotated with a generally vertical shaft (11). A voltage is applied to a rod shaped electrode (16) which is arranged centrally in a rotor chamber (12) and to an electrode at the bottom (13) of the rotor chamber, for creation of a flame arc, so that a flow of the fluid passing the flame arc is created. The length (L) of the flame arc is held generally stable, preferably constant by controlling the position of the rod shaped electrode (16). The fluid is made enter the rotor chamber (12) so that it is kept outside the flame arc, and that the fluid is provided to flow through the rotor chamber (12).

Abstract: A pipe and method of use for deterring or encouraging the retention of slag or other material in the operating area of a metal processing system as desired. The deterring pipe(s) and the encouraging pipe(s) may be combined with other deterring pipe(s) and/or other encouraging pipe(s) in any combination as desired.

Abstract: In a melting furnace, a vibration inducer is installed on a furnace vessel, a sensor is arranged opposite or at another place on the furnace vessel and a signal recording and calculation unit is connected to the vibration inducer and the sensor. The melting process can be monitored and the progress of melting can be measured by measuring the signals of the vibration inducement after having passed through the interior of the furnace by this sensor and evaluating the signals of the signal recording and calculation unit. Thus, process-controlled, state-oriented regulation of the melting process can be carried out and the electric arc power is optimally matched to the respective state of the melting process. The signal of the sensor is preferably correlated with the excitation signal of the vibration inducer and/or conclusions are drawn about the melting process by combined evaluation of the vibration inducement and the measured vibration.

Abstract: A reactance ballast device (V), in particular for an arc furnace, has an induction coil (1) and a free-standing load stepping switch (2), with the load stepping switch (2) being designed to adjust the reactance of the induction coil (1) while on load. A transformer (T), in particular for an arc furnace (O), has an associated reactance ballast device (V) of the type mentioned initially. An arc furnace (O), in particular for steel smelting, is preceded by a transformer (T) such as this.

Abstract: An arc metallurgic furnace slagging door comprising a lower slag removing-pushing movable panel (16) and a top movable panel (18) which can be opened to carry out remarks and interventions on molten metal, characterized in that: said top movable panel (18) and said underlying lower movable panel (16) are placed in front of a short tunnel, giving access to the melting pot placed in front of the slagging door for closing said short tunnel; the top panel (18) of the slagging door is slightly inclined outwardly and it is suitable to move outwardly in respect to the furnace and up-wardly, substantially keeping this inclination in respect to the furnace wall, and the lower panel (16) of the slagging door is apt to carry out movements similar to those of a dredger, i.e. partial rising and partial lowering, partial advancing into the furnace and partial backing out of the furnace for both removing the slag present in the furnace melting pot, and pushing the various material inside the furnace.

Abstract: A sill and door jamb assembly providing an opening in an electric arc furnace. A shell comprised of side walls and a lower bowl and a refractory layer lining the bowl and side walls. The refractory layer includes continuous courses of refractory bricks along the inner surface of the side walls of the shell. The sill and door jamb assembly is comprised of a sill block assembly and two jamb block assemblies. The sill block assembly is comprised of side-by-side sill blocks, each of the sill blocks having an upper end with an upper surface, a lower end with a lower surface, and an inner surface facing the interior of the furnace. The sill blocks being positioned side-by-side to form the sill block assembly and having an upper end and a lower end. The lower end of the sill block assembly is confined within a plurality of courses of the refractory bricks. Each jamb block assembly is comprised of a plurality of jamb blocks positioned side-by-side.

Abstract: In order to design the accommodation space of the furnace vessel of a melting furnace to be variable, so that it is adaptable to various volumes, which are required for different feedstocks (light scrap, heavy scrap) to achieve the tapping weight intended for the melting furnace, the cylindrical upper vessel part (102) comprises a first lower (105) and a second upper (106) cylindrical segment, of which one overlaps the other and is constructed to be telescopically displaceable relative to the other by at least one lifting device (21/1, 21/2).

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an apparatus and method for use in metal melting, refining and/or other processing, such as, for example, steel making in an electric arc furnace (EAF), and more particularly, to improved burner/injector panels and related methods for the introduction of various energy sources, such as, for example, chemical energy, oxygen and particulates into an EAF.

Abstract: The invention is an electric insulation system for a steel-structured lid of an electric arc furnace, where the electrode lead-throughs are provided with electric insulation for preventing breakdowns, and the lid is sealed from the furnace vessel by means of a sand seal. The lid is divided by steel-structured panels to at least six mutually electrically insulated segments, three of which form the lid center part, so that each center part segment outlines one lead-through of an electrode, and at least three of which form the outer perimeter of the lid.

Abstract: An electric arc furnace (10) has an outer shell (12) and an inner refractory lining (24). During its operation the electric arc furnace (10) contains a bath (28) of molten metal which has a minimum and a maximum operational level (32). An inner cooling ring (23) of copper slabs (20), which are in thermo-conductive contact with the inner refractory lining (24) and equipped with spray cooling means (22), is mounted to the outer shell (12) in the region (34) between the minimum and the maximum operational level (32).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for increasing spatial energy coverage in a furnace is provided. The apparatus of the present invention includes a panel positioned at least partially into a sidewall of a furnace. The panel includes a plurality of openings for injecting a material through each of the openings at least partially during the same time period. The method of the present invention includes positioning the panel at least partially within the sidewall of a furnace. The method also includes injecting at least partially during the same time period, a primary combustion material, a secondary combustion material, and a particulate material, into the furnace.

Abstract: A slag retainer for protecting a water-cooled furnace element through the use of an elongate metal member which extends from inside the furnace, through the furnace wall and into the cooling water of the furnace element so that the insert can be continuously cooled and collected and retain a protective mass of slag.

Abstract: The invention concerns a replacement method and a device for assembling and disassembling modules of an electric arc furnace. Said method consists in lifting and pivoting the furnace cover or in only lifting it; when disassembling, it consists in removing the agent and power supply ducts as well as the instrument leads of the upper container (3) and/or of the lower container (2) and, after assembling in connecting them. The invention aims at enabling use of a low-power load crane and in significantly reducing replacement time. Therefor, once the lower container has been detached (2), the upper container (3) remains in its position, or once the energy agent supply ducts and the instrument leads have been detached, the upper container is lifted and detached by the loading crane.

Abstract: Slag retention means for protecting a water-cooled furnace element by means of an elongate metal member which extends from inside the furnace, through the furnace wall and into the cooling water of the furnace element so that the insert can be continuously cooled and collected and retain a protective mass of slag.

Abstract: An electric glass-melting furnace including a floor made of refractory materials, four lateral walls, an upper roof, a glass composition feeder, and an output channel for the melted glass. The furnace includes a set of elements pivoting about horizontal axes and placed at the periphery of the furnace between at least one of the lateral walls and the roof.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to provide a means of also cooling the lower part of electric arc furnaces and/or resistance furnaces. To this end, said lower part—the actual melting vessel (4)—is surrounded with a jacket (9) at a certain distance, forming a shell, and the resulting intermediate space is configured as a cooling device (10) and subjected to the action of a cooling medium (14).

Abstract: A fume extraction system includes a combustion zone coupled with an exhaust outlet of a furnace to receive an exhaust gas stream emerging from the furnace outlet during system operation, where the exhaust gas stream includes explosive gases that undergo combustion reactions within the combustion zone. A duct section is aligned downstream from the combustion zone to deliver the exhaust gas stream toward a venting outlet. A suction unit establishes a negative pressure within the system so as to draw the exhaust gas stream from the furnace outlet and through the fume extraction system during system operation. An exhaust damper is further provided within the system between the combustion zone inlet and the suction unit. A control system selectively controls the negative pressure applied to the furnace, combustion zone and duct section based upon a measured concentration of at least one gas constituent within the exhaust gas stream.

Abstract: A crucible melting furnace has a feature it has a high thermal efficiency and that differences in temperature does not substantially occur in a molten metal within a crucible and can provide products of uniform quality. Moreover, the crucible melting furnace has a feature it does not substantially damage the crucible, and can prolong the life (serviceable life) of the crucible. The furnace has the crucible 1, and the thermal flow guide 10, defined around the crucible 1, which guides the thermal flow heating the crucible 1. The thermal flow guide 10 has the guide (protruded streak) 3 which guides the thermal flow along the spiral path around the crucible 1.

Abstract: A method, for charging anode(s) into a furnace, comprises bending anode(s) having a roughly rectangular plate shape at the end of the charging direction, and charging the anode(s) into a melt stored in the furnace through a slope. When the depth of melt is taken to be D (cm), the height of the slope is taken to be H (cm), the inclination angle of the slope is taken to be &bgr; (°) and the thickness of the anode is taken to be b (cm), the bending angle &agr; (°) of the anode and the length c (cm) of the bent end of the anode are set to satisfy the following relationship: Equation (1): D>A×(c sin &agr;/b)B +0.06(H-190), provided that A and B are given by: Equation (2): A=−1051(sin &bgr;)2 +2028 sin &bgr;−839.3, and Equation (3): B=7.378(sin &bgr;)2−11.64 sin &bgr;+3.806.

Abstract: A metal-made water-cooling jacket for electric arc furnaces, characterized by comprising an Al diffusion layer having a thickness ranging from 200 to 800 &mgr;m, the Al concentration of the outermost surface of the Al diffusion layer being from 10 to 50 wt. %, formed on the surface of the metal by calorizing treatment.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermal insulation to be inserted between two structures, surfaces, walls or the walls of components which are to be insulated. The thermal insulation consists of an plurality of hollow spheres made up by loose hollow spheres or by hollow spheres which are interconnected by sintered contacts. The ratio of the outer diameter of the hollow spheres to their wall thickness is 5 300. The hollow spheres are made of silicides, silicide composites, metals and intermetals and the alloys thereof, ceramics or glass. When the walls of the hollow spheres have a closed porous structure, the inner pressure in the hollow spheres is between 0 to 0.1 that of the surrounding air pressure at room temperature.

Abstract: A tiltable rotary furnace system includes a tiltable rotary furnace which rotates about a central axis and pivots around a general horizontal axis similar to a typical tiltable rotary furnace. The tiltable rotary furnace and the rotating and pivoting mechanisms are mounted on a rotating platform. The rotating platform allows the furnace to be positioned with respect to other elements of the system rather than having to position the other elements of the system with respect to a stationary tiltable rotary furnace.

Abstract: A crucible melting furnace has a feature it has a high thermal efficiency and that differences in temperature does not substantially occur in a molten metal within a crucible and can provide products of uniform quality. Moreover, the crucible melting furnace has a feature it does not substantially damage the crucible, and can prolong the life (serviceable life) of the crucible. The furnace has the crucible 1, and the thermal flow guide 10, defined around the crucible 1, which guides the thermal flow heating the crucible 1. The thermal flow guide 10 has the guide (protruded streak) 3 which guides the thermal flow along the spiral path around the crucible 1.

Abstract: In a charging material preheater for preheating charging material (60) which is to be charged into a furnace vessel (3), having a shaft (9) which is fixed in a frame structure (20) and which in its upper region has a closeable feed opening (61) for the charging material (60) and a gas outlet and in its lower region a discharge opening for the charging material (60) and a gas inlet, and whose shaft walls (33, 35) delimit a receiving space (62) for the charging material (60) to be heated, the shaft walls (34, 35) are subdivided into shaft wall portions which are individually replaceably fixed in the frame structure (20).

Abstract: A water-cooled panel for the furnace wall and furnace roof of an electric-arc furnace is integrally fabricated of refractory bricks arrayed on the furnace inner wall in multiple regularly spaced rows to be exposed at the end surfaces and cooling water pipes installed between the rows of refractory bricks (2). A furnace exterior side of the refractory bricks and a furnace interior side of a cooling water pipe are overlapped in a vertical direction of the water-cooled panel, and the cooling water pipe is provided in between an upper and lower side of refractory bricks.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for cooling the interior wall of an electric arc furnace. The device is an extruded heavy-walled pipe having a base and a fin or plurality of fins. Such pipes are attached to a plate in serpentine fashion and hung on the inside wall of the electric arc furnace above the hearth, thereby forming a cooling surface between the interior and the furnace wall. The fins are sized and arranged to retain splattered slag. The slags solidifies on the pipes, forming an insulation barrier between the molten iron material and the cooling pipes and, consequently, the wall of the furnace.

Abstract: Cooling device with panels for electric arc furnaces, employed in an electric furnace in cooperation with the vertical sidewall located above the lower shell (11) of the furnace and/or with the roof (18), the furnace comprising a lower shell (11) to contain the bath of liquid metal (12) and an overhead upper shell defined by a plurality of panels (16) consisting of cooling tubes (17), the upper shell being covered by the roof (18), the lower shell (11) including a containing element (15) made of metal on the outer part, the internal refractory including an upper edge (11a) located approximately at the upper line of the layer of slag (14) present above the bath of molten metal (12), each panel (16) including an outer layer (19a), an intermediate layer (19b) and at least an inner layer (19c) of cooling tubes (17), the layers developing vertically along the vertical sidewall of the furnace above the refractory edge of the lower shell (11), the cooling tubes (17), the layers developing vertically along the vertic

Abstract: An arc furnace which includes a shell with a hearth, a roof for the shell, the roof including a plurality of segments which are substantially electrically isolated from each other and from the shell, an electrode and a refractory section on the roof, and wherein the refractory section is at least partly electrically conductive.

Abstract: An electric arc furnace comprises a bottom, a roof and a side wall. The side wall is formed from a plurality of bimetal panels each having an inner copper face and an outer steel face. The roof may be formed with similar bi-metal panels. The hollow panels include internal baffles to define channels through which cooling water flows. The copper face is smooth and free of welds so as to maximize thermal heat transfer by the panels. The copper face enhances thermal efficiency and minimizes maintenance requirements of the panels, while the steel face reduces manufacturing costs of the panels.

Abstract: An electric arc furnace includes a substantially cylindrically configured melting vessel having an upper shell defining a top opening. A water-cooled roof assembly is supported by the upper shell and positioned over the top opening and can be removed from the top opening for permitting the charging of scrap into the melting vessel. The water-cooled roof assembly includes an annular configured, water-cooled outer roof panel defining a central opening. An annular configured, water-cooled inner roof panel is positioned within the central opening of the outer roof panel and is removably mounted on the outer roof panel. The inner roof panel includes a central opening that removably mounts a central refractory. At least one electrode is mounted in the central refractory and extends into the melting vessel.

Abstract: An electric arc furnace includes a melting vessel having a top opening and an inside wall surface. A removable roof is positioned over the top opening and can be removed for permitting the charging of scrap into the melting vessel. An electrode extends through the roof into the melting vessel. A slag door portion defines a slag discharge opening discharged from the melting furnace. An arcuate configured water-cooled panel includes opposing upper and lower ends and opposing side ends. This water-cooled panel is mounted in the melting vessel above the slag door portion so that the lower end is angled inwardly away from an adjacent inside surface of the melting vessel. The side ends curve toward the adjacent inside surface of the melting vessel to minimize any arcing between the opposing side ends and the electrodes, and to avoid damage from scrap charging. The water-cooled panel forms a scrap free area adjacent to slag door portion.

Abstract: The furnace vessel for a DC arc furnace has a thermostable wall which preferably consists, in the region situated above the slag line (S), of a plurality of water-cooled wall segments (1) made from steel. These wall segments are fastened to a support structure (13-18). At least one of the wall segments (3) consists of nonmagnetic steel or copper and is preferably arranged on the side of the furnace vessel (5) opposite the power supply device (7). In this way, the influence of the high-current lines which extend below or beside the furnace vessel and cause a deflection of the arc can be compensated.The effect of this nonmagnetic wall segment can be partially or virtually entirely cancelled by a trimming plate (19) which is detachably fastened from the outside to the nonmagnetic wall segment (3), in order in this way to achieve optimum trimming of the deflection of the arc.

Abstract: An end cap is provided for adjacent pipes in the cooling coils of an electric air furnace. Each end cap includes parallel opposite side walls and a curved end portion connecting the side walls. The side walls and end portion define a perimeter edge, the outer portion of which is beveled. The end cap includes a pair of tabs extending from each side wall. The tabs partially fill the crevice between adjacent end pipes so as to provide a stronger weld between the end cap and the pipes. Internal turning vanes in the end cap minimize turbulence of the liquid coolant flowing through the pipes. Similar turning vanes can be provided in the 90.degree. elbows of the cooling coils.

Abstract: Two component spray cooled roof for electric furnaces to accommodate off-center electrode positions.

Abstract: Spray cooled side-wall assembly for an electric arc furnace which includes individual spray cooled segments joined together to form a furnace side-wall. One or more of the segments can be arch-shaped and surround a spray cooled sub-assembly to address conditions of high thermal stress.

Abstract: A ring section furnace device for the calcination of carbon bodies includes a number of serially connected chambers with or without lids on top. Each chamber contains a number of cassettes the walls of which have therein vertical and/or horizontal flue gas channels. A flue gas exhaust system from each chamber leads to a main ring duct. The furnace is fitted with an additional, separately attached ring duct, and each of the chambers is fitted with a recovery device in the form of a lid, manifold, or a similar device with a closeable opening or joining pipe, which allows for exhaust removal of the air used for cooling the cassettes through a pipe connection fitted between the additional ring duct and the recovery device on the chamber.

Abstract: A heat shielding cladding for walls, ceilings, or similar surfaces, especially of industrial furnaces, including butted together parallelepipedal modules that are secured to the wall and comprise a plurality of held together and compacted fiber mat webs that are prestressed in a direction parallel to the wall. Adjacent modules are held together in a permanently flexible bond on non-prestressed sides thereof by at least one filamentary, temperature-resistant binder that is guided, without kinking, from a surface of the heat shielding cladding that is remote from the wall to the wall.

Abstract: A refractory brick for high temperature industrial furnace roof construction which accommodates hanger attachment at a plurality of locations along the length of the hanger brick. A high temperature industrial roof system having alternate rows of hanger bricks, of the above configuration, and filler bricks which are at least 2 1/2 times as wide as the hanger bricks and can be individually removed by lifting from the top of the furnace. The high temperature industrial furnace roof may be constructed of two configurations of refractories with shortening of the length of either configuration of refractory to accommodate designs having a wide variety of roof widths. Electrically heated furnaces have bus bars which run along the length of the furnace and are fed through the top of the furnace.

Abstract: An anode of a direct-current arc furnace is provided in the region of the bottom of the vessel, characterized in that a metallic, broom-like element, having bristles directed towards the interior of the vessel, is positioned in a region of the furnace vessel which is free of refractory material and subsequently, at least in the region of the broom-like element, refractory gunite is applied thereto and a metallic composition is admixed during the guniting, and as the thickness of the applied gunite increases, the ratio of the metallic composition to the refractory composition is reduced, gunite only being sprayed exclusively in the region of the inner edge of the ladle.