Abstract: An apparatus comprising an artificial noise (AN) controller coupled to a digital subscriber line (DSL) transmitter and configured to adjust an AN level for a signal transmitted by the DSL transmitter, wherein the AN level is adjusted based on an actual signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the signal from the receiver to achieve a desired SNR for the signal. Also disclosed is a method comprising maintaining a data rate in a line at about a desired level by adjusting an AN level in a transmitted signal based on a SNR of a received signal.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for identifying the data rate of an input signal in a communications receiver. The method supplies a candidate frequency from a list of potential input data rate frequencies. A first test is performed, attempting to phase-lock a coded input data signal using a reference signal at the candidate frequency. If the input signal is phase-locked, a second test is performed of monitoring a phase detector output signal for the occurrence of a phase-lock interrupt. If a phase-lock interrupt is not monitored, a third test is performed of harmonic band detection. In response to passing the first, second, and third tests, the candidate frequency is selected as the reference frequency and the input data signal is decoded. If the first, second, or third test is failed, an alternate candidate frequency is supplied from the list and the tests are repeated, beginning with the first test.

Abstract: A picture control device configured to convert and output a bit-rate of an input picture data stream having an input bit-rate, includes: a first decoder configured to decode the input picture data stream; an encoder configured to encode the output of the first decoder with a plurality of converted bit-rates; an output unit configured to output the picture data encoded with a first bit-rate by the encoder, for recording; a second decoder configured to decode the same picture data encoded at a second bit-rate by the encoder; and a control unit configured to determine the second bit-rate based on the first bit-rate.

Abstract: One or more counter units of a data acquisition device used to perform sampling operations. Each of the counter units is configurable to operate in a selected one of a plurality of modes. During operation, at least one of the counter units may receive a measurement signal (or input signal) acquired by the data acquisition device and also a sample clock signal. The counter unit may sample the measurement signal based on the selected operational mode and timing of the sample clock, and at a rate that is independent of the frequency of the measurement signal. Furthermore, the counter unit may sample the measurement signal based on a selected one of a plurality of timing modes associated with the sample clock signal. The counter units may take samples of the measurement signal to perform at least one of the following types of measurements: period, frequency, pulse-width, semi-period, time separation, or event counting.

Abstract: A system, method, software and related functions are provided for managing activity in a radio frequency band that is shared, both in frequency and time, by signals of multiple types. An example of such a frequency band is an unlicensed frequency band. Radio frequency energy in the frequency band is captured at one or more devices and/or locations in a region where activity in the frequency band is happening. Signals occurring in the frequency band are detected by sampling part or the entire frequency band for time intervals. Signal pulse energy in the band is detected and is used to classify signals according to signal type. Using knowledge of the types of signals occurring in the frequency band and other spectrum activity related statistics (referred to as spectrum intelligence), actions can be taken in a device or network of devices to avoid interfering with other signals, and in general to optimize simultaneous use of the frequency band with the other signals.

Abstract: An inter mode for encoding a video macroblock is selected. An initial analysis on the macroblock homogeneity is performed to quickly reduce the number of inter modes for which motion estimation and rate distortion calculation are to be performed. An inter mode is selected based on these calculations and sub-pixel motion estimation, at various sub-pixel interpolation granularities, is performed only on the selected inter mode. Sub-pixel motion estimation may be skipped for macroblocks that exhibit relatively low distortion at the integer pixel level.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for Forward link Outer Loop Rate Control (FOLRC) using Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) in a mobile communication system are provided. The method includes receiving information, which indicates success or failure in receiving a packet transmitted in a previous frame, from Mobile Stations (MSs); and decreasing an offset value for changing a CINR value in a link table of each MS when Acknowledgement (Ack) is received as the information indicating success or failure in receiving the packet, and increasing the offset value when a signal received as the information indicating success or failure in receiving the packet is other than the Ack. Accordingly, there is an advantage in that a link table adaptive to a channel condition can be obtained.

Abstract: A cellular communications system may include at least one base station and at least one mobile cellular communications device. More particularly, the at least one mobile cellular communications device may include a controller, at least one user input device connected to the controller, and a wireless transceiver cooperating with the controller for attempting to establish a wireless communications link with at least one base station, and if the wireless communications link cannot be established, then continuing to attempt to establish the wireless communications link at a first attempt rate. Moreover, if a user provides a request to access the at least one base station via the at least one user input device, then the controller may continue to attempt to establish the wireless communications link based upon a second attempt rate greater than the first attempt rate.

Abstract: In estimating subjective video quality corresponding to main parameters which are input as an input frame rate representing the number of frames per unit time, an input coding bit rate representing the number of coding bits per unit time, and an input packet loss rate representing a packet loss occurrence probability of an audiovisual medium, a degradation model specifying unit specifies a degradation model representing the relationship between the packet loss rate and the degradation in reference subjective video quality on the basis of the input frame rate and input coding bit rate. A desired subjective video quality estimation value is calculated by correcting the reference subjective video quality on the basis of a video quality degradation ratio corresponding to the input packet loss rate calculated by using the degradation model.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for measuring one or more parameters of a signal generated by a signal generator. The method employs capturing and analyzing a train of data packets or other forms of signals from a single transmission to obtain measured values for the one or more parameters. The obtained measured values may be used in valuing a calibration of a signal generator or in verifying the already calibrated values of the signal generator. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the train of data packets contains packets having different properties.

Abstract: Provided is a system and method for a modem including one or more processing paths. Also included is a number of interconnected modules sequentially arrayed along the one or more paths. Each module is configured to (i) process signals passed along the paths in accordance with the sequence and (ii) implement predetermined functions to perform the processing. Further, each of the modules has a particular degree of functional programmability and the degrees of functional programmability monotonically vary in accordance with the sequence.

Abstract: A method is provided of characterising a data stream of binary symbols, the method comprising sampling the stream at a predetermined rate sufficient to capture at least two samples per binary symbol, identifying the shortest continuous run of samples having the same logic level and assigning a symbol rate to the stream on the basis that the identified run is one symbol in length.

Abstract: The present invention overcomes various problems by defining two upstream masks (U1, U2) and two downstream masks (D1, D2) and using a mask selectable system for the long reach digital subscriber line (LDSL), in which a unique modem feature is activated during handshake to automatically check for physical layer status in terms of spectral compatibility and, thus, automatically optimize the boosted mode with the use of the mask selectable system choose the best combination of upstream/downstream masks in any physical layer noise scenario.

Abstract: An audio receiver's output clock is synchronized based on a number of input and output audio samples measured over a predetermined sample period. In one embodiment, a sample difference may be determined by subtracting the measured number of input audio samples from the measured number of output audio samples. This sample difference may then be compared to a predetermined threshold. In one embodiment, if the absolute value of the sample difference is less than the predetermined threshold, no adjustment to the output clock may be needed. When the absolute value of the sample difference is greater than the predetermined threshold, the output clock rate may be adjusted either upwards or downwards.

Abstract: A method and system for configuring a CDMA telecommunication system having at least one sending entity and at least one receiving entity, each entity configured to transmit data on at least one physical channel (DPDCH) via a transport channel composite (CCTrCH) of multiple transport channels. At least one entity includes a data processing module configured to determine for each transport channel a first parameter (RMi) proportional to a rate matching ratio (RFi) and a second parameter representing a maximum physical bit rate (Ndata) and to transform for each of the transport channels a number of symbols before rate matching (Nk) into a number of symbols after rate matching (Nk+?Nk), where the number of symbols after rate matching (Nk+?Nk) is obtained approximately by multiplying the number of symbols before rate matching (Nk) by the rate matching ratio (RFi).

Abstract: Process for controlling the switching of the data rate at a digital interface exchanging data and control messages between a Radio Frequency (RF) circuit and a digital circuit, comprising the steps of: setting by default the data rate to a low speed (LS) rate having a density presenting a first lobe being inferior to the frequency band considered in said RF circuit so as to prevent desensitization of the LNAs by the noise produced by said digital interface; storing the data and control messages message into a FIFO and monitoring the level of said FIFO; whenever the level of said FIFO reaches a predetermined threshold value, then controlling said interface to switch to a second high speed (HS) rate in order to flush said FIFO. In one embodiment, the LS frequency is set to a value of 832 MHz, thus preventing simultaneously desensitization of the GSM band and also the GPS band.

Abstract: A method of determining a data rate of a high speed serially transmitted data stream comprises statistically examining edge timing characteristics of the incoming data stream. Based on the edge characteristics, a signature is identified that is associated with the edge characteristics. Based on the identified signature, a data rate at which the data stream is being transmitted is determined.

Abstract: A communication apparatus (100) includes: a communication unit (10) connectable to one end of a cable (50); a first detection unit (111) which detects a maximum transmission capability of an external device based on a communication standard with which the external device complies, the external device being connected to an other end of the cable (50) connected to the communication unit (10); a second detection unit (112) which detects a maximum transmission capability of the cable (50) connected to the communication unit (10); and an alert output unit (114) which outputs an alert when the maximum transmission capability of the cable (50) is smaller than the maximum transmission capability of the external device, the maximum transmission capability of the cable having been detected by the second detection unit (112), and the maximum transmission capability of the external device having been detected by the first detection unit (111).

Abstract: A digital circuit configured to spread a clock train spectrum includes a clock configured to generate the clock train, and a variable divider configured to divide the frequency of the clock train by a temporally-varying-divider value to modulate the clock train and generate a dithered clock train. The circuit further includes a first accumulator configured to accumulate the dithered clock train to generate a frequency modulation waveform, and a second accumulator configured accumulate the frequency modulated waveform to generate a phase modulation signal. The circuit further includes a phase-value calculator configured to calculate the temporally-varying divider value based on the phase modulation signal; and a closed-loop control circuit configured to track and filter the modulation of the dithered clock train to generate a second clock train that is the spread spectrum of the first mentioned clock train.

Abstract: A test apparatus includes a transmitting-side jitter measuring unit which measures a jitter of a transmission signal output from a transmitting circuit, a jitter applying unit which applies a jitter to the transmission signal and inputs the signal to a receiving circuit, a jitter range measuring unit which determines whether the logical value of the transmission signal detected by the receiving circuit is equal to a preset expectation value for each amplitude of the jitter applied to the transmission signal by the jitter applying unit, and measures the range of jitter amplitudes within which the logical value of the transmission signal is equal to the expectation value, and a jitter tolerance measuring unit which calculates jitter tolerance of the receiving circuit based on the jitter of the transmission signal measured by the transmitting-side jitter measuring unit and the range of jitter amplitudes measured by the jitter range measuring unit.

Abstract: A circuit for recognizing a beginning and a data rate of data includes at least two data rate detecting units and a post processing unit . The at least two data rate detecting units are used for comparing at least two alignment patterns corresponding to different data rates with data simultaneously to recognize a data rate of the data. The post processing unit is coupled to the at least two data rate detecting units for recognizing a beginning of the data according to an alignment pattern corresponding to the data when the data rate of the data is recognized.

Abstract: Systems and methods for increasing communication throughput by superimposing multiple signal components in the same bandwidth are disclosed. Cochannel interference is reduced by using signal separation algorithms. The signal separation algorithms may use both a priori information about the superimposed signals and measured channel parameters. In addition, error correction encoding and interleaving may be used to reduce signal power and obviate the need for ideal signal separation.

Abstract: A method of detecting an outage includes determining at a source of data a quality metric of a link over which data is to be transmitted, modifying the quality metric by a quality metric margin, and declaring an outage event when power required for transmission of a reference signal exceeds power required for transmission of the reference signal determined form the modified quality metric. An apparatus for detecting an outage includes means for determining at a source of data a quality metric of a link over which data is to be transmitted, means for modifying the quality metric by a quality metric margin, means for determining a maximum rate of data in accordance with said modified quality metric, and means for declaring an outage event when power required for transmission of data at the maximum rate of data exceeds maximum allowable transmission power.

Abstract: An apparatus and method reduce power consumption in a broadband wireless communication system. A transmitting end apparatus that includes a plurality of transmit (Tx) antennas includes a control block, a Processor (DSP) block, a modem block, and at least one power controller. The control block determines a traffic amount based on an amount of used resources. The Digital Signal Processor (DSP) block performs scheduling by using a subset of Tx antennas and a subset of resources on a frequency axis if the traffic amount is less than a threshold. The modem block applies boosting to a signal transmitted using the subset of resources. And at least one controller turns off an operation of at least one power amplifier that corresponds to at least one Tx antenna that is not included in the subset of Tx antennas.

Abstract: A frequency response measurement circuit includes a generation circuit operative to provide an input signal having a voltage and programmable frequency characteristics in response to a frequency control signal. A decision circuit is coupled to the generation circuit and is operative to sample the input signal at predetermined intervals in response to a sampling clock signal and determine the amplitude characteristics of the input signal relative to a variable threshold signal. A control circuit is coupled to the decision circuit, and is operative to determine the frequency response characteristics of the input signal at varying frequencies and threshold voltages in response to the frequency control signal.

Abstract: A frequency adjusting method of a CDR circuit and apparatus thereof are provided. The adjusting method is applied to a receiver apparatus connected to an outer apparatus. The outer apparatus, after actuated, sends out an outer data signal to the receiver apparatus according to its operational frequency and a PLL of the receiver apparatus outputs a transmitter clock according to an operational frequency of the receiver apparatus. The CDR circuit of the receiver apparatus generates a receiver clock according to the outer data signal. The CDR circuit is set in a phase mode such that the receiver clock follows transmitting frequency of the outer data signal. Then, a difference between frequencies of the receiver clock and the transmitter clock is checked. If the difference is larger than a threshold value, an operational frequency of the outer data signal is reduced.

Abstract: A receive test accelerator retrieves an adjusted jitter amount and an adjusted test time in which to test a device. The adjusted jitter amount and the adjusted test time correspond to an adjusted bit error rate that is extrapolated from a baseline bit error rate, which corresponds to a baseline jitter amount. In turn, the receive test accelerator tests the device, at the adjusted test time, using a data stream that is modulated by the adjusted jitter amount.

Abstract: A wireless transmission system identifies priorities of data units and changes at least one of the physical transmission rates of the bits of the data unit, the order of transmission of the data units; and the number of retransmission attempts of the data units based on their individual priorities.

Abstract: A method and device for adapting a signal is provided. The signal includes a number of recurring samples of data. In one example embodiment, the method receives recurring samples of data. Each of the samples of data includes a first number of elements. A second number of elements are selected from at least one of the recurring samples. The second number of elements is approximately less than the first number of elements. The selected second number of elements are substituted with respective phase altered elements. The subject matter also provides a method and device for identifying a signal property(ies) and a computer system for implementing these methods.

Abstract: Methods apparatus and articles of manufacture to limit data rates of digital subscriber lines are disclosed. An example method comprises monitoring during a first time interval data usage of a digital subscriber line, determining based on the data usage whether to limit a data rate associated with the digital subscriber line during a second time interval subsequent to the first time interval, and when the data rate is to be limited during the second time interval disabling one or more transmission frequencies of the digital subscriber line.

Abstract: Calibrating automatic test equipment (ATE) includes determining an offset between a reference timing event and a channel event, where the channel event is associated with a communication channel of the ATE, and adjusting signal transmission over the communication channel based on the offset. Determining the offset may include obtaining a first time at which a reference timing signal is received at a device associated with a reference timing source, obtaining a second time at which the reference timing signal is received at a device associated with the communication channel, obtaining a third time at which a channel signal is received at the device associated with the communication channel, obtaining a fourth time at which the channel signal is received at the device associated with the reference timing source, and calculating the offset using the first time, the second time, the third time, and the fourth time.

Abstract: Described herein are techniques to facilitate the improvement of network throughput. An implementation described herein measures throughput over a data-communications network and between at least two endpoints on the network. This implementation also displays a graphical representation depicting the present throughput of the network as it is measured. The graphical representation has an identified target throughput threshold, and that threshold is indicative of an acceptable level of throughput for the usage being targeted, such as high-quality video streaming.

Abstract: To realize prompt and efficient data communication by dynamically changing the optimum MCS and PC. A base station (120) serving as a wireless communication device according to the present invention includes an obtaining unit (220) for obtaining an RSSI and an SINR of a receive signal upon generation of transmission data to be sent to a PHS terminal (110) serving as a wireless communication device to communicate with; a modulation and coding scheme determining unit (224) for determining an MCS, based on the volume of the transmission data; a transmission power determining unit (226) for determining a transmission power, based on the volume of the transmission data, the RSSI, the SINR, and the MCS determined; and a wireless communication unit (214) for sending the transmission data, using the MCS determined and the transmission power determined.

Abstract: A network player is connected to a server, in which a contents data having a bit rate parameter is recorded, via a network. The network player stores the contents data which is currently received from the server in a buffer memory, measures a data transfer rate of the currently received contents data based on an increase and decrease of the data amount stored in the buffer memory, and repeats the measurement until a predetermined period of time passes. After the predetermined period of time, the network player determines the current data transfer rate by calculating an average value of the plural data transfer rates measured in the predetermined period of time. Then, the network player informs that the data transfer rate is not fast enough by turning on a red lamp when the current data transfer rate is slower than the bit rate.

Abstract: Infrastructure network service measurements of time needed to complete data transfers are used to determine the capacity of a technology sector of a wireless packet data communication base station, such as a 1xEV-DO sector, using infrastructure network service measurements. The process, for example, may predict when the radio-frequency link between wireless data subscribers and a wireless base station becomes sufficiently congested that each user experiences reduced data speeds. The determination of capacity can be made down to the sector-carrier (a single carrier within a base station sector) level. The prediction can be cast in terms of time, which allows network service providers to plan the growth of their base stations to meet subscriber needs.

Abstract: A measuring system (1) comprises a signal generator (2), generating a digital modulated high frequency measuring signal (MS), for supplying to the input (4) of a test unit (4). A signal analyser (5) connected to the output (6) of the test unit (4), analyses the output signal (OS) of the test unit (4) after a demodulation. A direct connection (7) is provided between the signal generator (2) and the signal analyser (5), by means of which a reference signal (Ref) is supplied directly to the signal analyser (5) from the signal generator (2).

Abstract: A power line communication apparatus is provided with an auto gain detector that detects a gain fluctuation of an AGC (Auto Gain Control) circuit that automatically adjusts a gain of a received signal; a retry ratio calculator that calculates a ratio of retry based on output from an ARQ (Automatic Repeat request) unit that detects an error in the received data and issues a repeat request; and a transmission rate calculator that calculates a transmission rate based on output from a channel estimation unit that calculates a CNR so as to estimate a transmission status. A display displays a transmission status, including the detected AGC noise fluctuation, retry ratio, transmission rate and the like.

Abstract: A system and process for customizing the performance of an xDSL communication system in which a transmitting modem and/or a receiving modem will negotiate a performance parameter for adjustment.

Abstract: The determination and identification of channels in a signal is an important aspect of the operation of a signal receiver. A method (800) is described including the steps receiving (802) a signal containing a plurality of channels, filtering (806) the signal to produce an indicator of a channel band edge, and determining (818) a characteristic of the channel based on the indicator. Additionally, an apparatus (300) is described including a spectrum shift circuit (304) that receives an input signal and shifts the frequency spectrum of the signal, a filter (306) that filters the frequency shifted signal to produce an indicator of a band edge of a channel, and a signal analysis circuit (316, 318) that determines a characteristic of the channel based on the indicator of the band edge, the signal analysis circuit (316, 318) controlling the frequency shift in the spectrum shift circuit (304) based on the determined characteristic of the channel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating channel quality information, such as may be used for transmit link adaptation, provide different operating modes, such as a first mode that may be used when propagation channel estimates are not reliable, and a second mode that may be used when the propagation channel estimates are reliable. In one or more embodiments, channel quality information is generated using receiver performance information that characterizes receiver performance in terms of a defined channel quality metric, e.g., supported data rates, for different values of receiver input signal quality over a range of propagation channel realizations.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes determining pre-calculated information. The pre-calculated information is used to determine a counter pattern for a reference clock. The counter pattern include, for at least one data bit, a number of reference clock cycles of the reference clock that is determined based on a frequency of the reference clock and a data rate of a serial data stream. The serial data stream is sampled to read a plurality of data bits based on the counter pattern. A data bit is sampled based on the number of reference clock cycles associated with the data bit.

Abstract: A method and system is described for optimizing a digital filter defined by coefficients that are multiplied by input data and accumulated to generate output data. A factorization set of candidate factors is compiled based on the coefficients. For each of the candidate factors, an optimized solution is generated. To generate the optimized solution, the candidate factor is applied to the coefficients and a working set of terms is compiled. Terms in the working set are converted to power-of-two representations and grouped with other terms that have a common partial sum, or multiple of the partial sum, within their respective power-of-two representations. A reduction set is compiled from the grouped terms and an order of application is selected based on optimization objectives. The reduction set is then applied to the working set of terms to generate the optimized solution, which is ranked and stored based on the optimization objectives.

Abstract: A mechanism uses in-situ bidirectional cable wrapping for determining different cable lengths. A calibration mechanism calibrates the high speed transmitter/receiver pair characteristics, and, thus, optimizes the transmission performance between subsystems. The calibration mechanism mitigates the need for frequent error correction and does not incur the performance degradation associated with error correction techniques.

Abstract: A communications device includes a time/frequency error measurement circuit that receives a communications signal and measures its timing and frequency errors. A Kalman filter receives the communications signal from the time/frequency error measurement circuit and processes the signal using a multi-level state error covariance matrix P for controlling the Kalman gain in the Kalman filter. An on-line monitoring circuit is operative with the Kalman filter for monitoring the actual state errors in time and frequency and controlling the state error covariance matrix P based on a measured error threshold.

Abstract: A baud rate error detection circuit has an edge detector, a start bit sampling circuit and an abnormal waveform detection circuit. The edge detector receives sync-field used for adjusting a baud rate of serial communication, and generates an edge detection signal in response to an edge included in the sync-field. The start bit sampling circuit measures a bit width of a start bit of the sync-field based on the edge detection signal and an internal clock signal, and generates an expected value signal indicating the bit width of the start bit as an expected value. The abnormal waveform detection circuit measures an inter-edge width after the start bit based on the edge detection signal and the internal clock signal, and generates an abnormal waveform detection signal if an error between the inter-edge width and the expected value indicated by the expected value signal exceeds a predetermined allowable error range.

Abstract: A data transmission rate adjustment system and method thereof comprise a driving module and a control module. The driving module performs a predetermined mathematical calculation based on a transmission rate request to generate a divisor. The control module then performs a division that divides a reference frequency by the divisor to generate a first transmission rate so that a data receiving terminal can receive data sent from a data sending terminal through the driving module based on the first transmission rate. The driving module monitors a transmission error rate of the data received by the data receiving terminal. If the transmission error rate exceeds a predetermined value, the divisor is automatically adjusted to generate a second transmission rate. The second transmission rate is also provided to replace the first transmission rate.

Abstract: A bit-rate discrimination circuit for determining which bit-rate an input signal has, a first bit-rate or a second bit-rate higher than the first bit-rate, is disclosed. The circuit is characterized by a frequency selection unit configured to filter out a signal having the second bit-rate, and allow at least a fraction of the low frequency component of a signal having the first bit-rate to pass through; a determination unit configured to determine whether the fraction of the low frequency component of the signal having the first bit-rate has passed through said frequency selection unit; a smoothing unit configured to smooth the output of said determination unit; and a level conversion unit configured to convert the output of said smoothing unit to a logic level. According to the above arrangements, the bit-rate of the input signal can be discriminated based on the low frequency component thereof.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to qualify a wire-pair for a digital subscriber line (DSL) service are disclosed. An example method comprises modifying a digital subscriber line (DSL) signal received on a wire-pair at a DSL modem to emulate an environmental condition, and qualifying the wire-pair for a DSL service based on a DSL connection rate achieved by the DSL modem during the emulated environmental condition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for optimizing target error rates for link adaptation in a communication system. The method includes estimating a data rate associated with transmission of a data stream over a communication link. A required target error rate is then selected from a plurality of pre-defined target error rate values based on whether the estimated data rate is within a range of at least one of a plurality of pre-defined threshold values, where each of the pre-defined target error rate values maps to one of the plurality of pre-defined threshold values. A link adaptation parameter associated with the communication link is then selected or updated to maintain the required target error rate and the data stream is transmitted over the communication link using the selected/updated link adaptation parameter.

Abstract: This invention relates to a communication apparatus and method for a code division multiple access communication system transmitting a transport channel composite including data of transport channels between a base station and a communication terminal via a physical channel, the physical channel having a maximum physical rate and rate matching is performed on data of each of the transport channels to change a transmission rate.