Abstract: A coverage extension antenna system includes a signal booster or a DAS. The signal booster or DAS includes a set of demodulators that convert incoming signals to baseband, and includes a set of modulators that modulate the baseband signals before transmitting the modulated signals to a base station or terminal equipment.

Abstract: The present invention is to reduce detection of an erroneous edge caused by variation in a case of a sampling frequency that is not larger than a data transmission frequency. A semiconductor device includes: a data reception circuit configured to receive first data at first time and receive second data at second time; and an edge recognition circuit configured to set a range and detect an edge contained in the range. The edge recognition circuit includes a measurement circuit configured to measure a first period taken from the reception of the first data to the reception of the second data, and is configured to determine the range in which the edge contained in the data that is received by the data reception circuit is detected, on the basis of the first period.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may transmit, to a base station, an indication that indicates a blockage event as a cause for a change in one or more of rank information or channel quality information, wherein the blockage event is associated with a differential signal power between a first polarization and a second polarization. The UE may receive, from the base station, a transmission based at least in part on the indication that indicates the blockage event as the cause for the change in one or more of the rank information or the channel quality information. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: Systems and methods for artificial intelligence discovered codes are described herein. A method includes obtaining received samples from a receive decoder, obtaining decoded bits from the receive decoder based on the receiver samples, training an encoder neural network of a transmit encoder, the encoder neural network receiving parameters that comprise the information bits, the received samples, and the decoded bits. The encoder neural network is optimized using a loss function applied to the decoded bits and the information bits to calculate a forward error correcting code.

Abstract: Techniques and mechanisms for communicating packets of image information, the packets each having a respective format that is defined or otherwise indicated by a camera serial interface standard. In an embodiment, circuitry of a first physical layer (PHY) is operated to facilitate such communication via a lane of an interconnect that is coupled between the first PHY and a second PHY. The PHYs further communicate between each other a packet delimiter sequence between two such packets. In another embodiment, the plurality of packets and the packet delimiter sequence are communicated after a transition of one PHY from a relatively low power state, and prior to any subsequent transition of that PHY back to the relatively low power state. The camera serial interface standard specifies or otherwise indicates a protocol whereby a transition to such a low power state is performed between the respective communications of any two successive packets.

Abstract: Systems, methods and computer software are disclosed for providing high resolution timing advance estimation based on Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH). An example method includes receiving a preamble signal r(n); performing signal conditioning on r(n); down sampling the signal and performing antialiasing filtering to provide a y(n) signal; correlating y(n) with a reference preamble with a reference preamble sequence c(n) to provide correlation output Ryc; using a peak value P of the correlation output Ryc to detect a preamble ID and a timing advance; constructing a sequence s(n) by segmenting r_centered(n) for length L around an index P*24; performing time domain interpolation of c(n) around index P to obtain a sequence c_interpolated(n); performing time domain interpolation between sequences s(n) and c_interpolated(n); detecting a peak position Q of the correlation; and deriving TA as P*24?L/2+q in terms of Ts.

Abstract: A streaming engine employed in a digital data processor may specify a fixed read-only data stream defined by plural nested loops. An address generator produces address of data elements for the nested loops. A steam head register stores data elements next to be supplied to functional units for use as operands. A stream template register independently specifies a linear address or a circular address mode for each of the nested loops.

Abstract: A receiving method for receiving a plurality of carriers and generating one or a plurality of streams. The method includes a first demodulating step of processing a first transmission signal and generating a first demodulation output; a second demodulating step of processing a second transmission signal different from the first transmission signal and generating a second demodulation output; a combining step of generating one stream based on the first demodulation output and the second demodulation output; a selecting step of selecting one among the first demodulation output and the one stream, and generating a selected stream; and a back-end processing step of generating an output for a display from the selected stream and the second demodulation output. In the selecting step, the first demodulation output is selected in a receiving mode in single channel transmission, and the one stream is selected in a receiving mode in multiple channel transmission.

Abstract: There is provided a wireless analysis apparatus including: a memory unit configured to store information of electric power distribution indicating a temporal change of a frequency spectrum; and a computing unit configured to perform a procedure including: generating a plurality of divided regions having predetermined band widths by dividing the electric power distribution, calculating a temporal change amount of electric power with regard to each of the divided regions, detecting a rising portion and a falling portion of the electric power on the basis of the calculated temporal change amount, and identifying an individual signal component in the electric power distribution on the basis of the positions of the rising portion and the falling portion in the divided regions.

Abstract: A test and measurement instrument including a plurality of digitizers, each digitizer configured to digitize an input signal to generate a digitized signal; a signal processor configured to combine at least two of the digitized signals from the digitizers into a combined signal; and a circuit configured to receive the combined signal.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus and transmitting method for signaling parameters of a part of a frame, and a reception apparatus and receiving method for decoding a part of a transmission frame. The transmitting method includes generating, using processing circuitry of a transmission apparatus, a transmission frame. The transmission frame includes a plurality of parts. A last symbol in a first one of the plurality of parts includes signaling information for decoding a second one of the plurality of parts. The transmitting method further includes transmitting the transmission frame using the processing circuitry.

Abstract: Techniques for decoding encoded data are described herein. An example of a device in accordance with the present techniques includes a receiving signaling module coupled to a plurality of signal lines. The signaling module includes a receiver to receive a plurality of encoded line voltages or currents on the plurality of signal lines of a bus, wherein each one of the plurality of encoded line voltages corresponds to a weighted sum of data. The signaling module includes a comparator to determine the voltage level of each line at a unit interval and convert the voltage level to a digital value. The signaling module includes a lookup table correlating the digital value with a digital bit stream.

Abstract: The systems and methods for a twisted pair transceiver with correlation detection includes a transceiver system operating on a cable. The transceiver system includes a receiver to obtain one or more data samples related to one or more encoded data symbols. The transceiver system further includes a first correlation filter to generate a first correlation output based on the one or more data samples, and a second correlation filter to generate a second correlation output based on the one or more data samples. The transceiver system further includes a detector. The detector compares the first correlation output with the second correlation output, generates an output data bit based on a comparison result, and sends the output data bit for data decoding.

Abstract: A method for verifying bad pattern in time series sensing data by calculating a bad pattern error rate, which can be applied to the time series sensing data measured and produced from a predetermined sensor provided in predetermined equipment, and an apparatus thereof are provided. The method includes receiving information on the bad pattern applied to time series sensing data measured by a suspicious sensor, accessing the time series sensing data of each product, generated by the suspicious sensor during a verification period, calculating similarity measures between the bad pattern based on the bad pattern information and the time series sensing data for each product, and calculating an error rate of the bad pattern based on the similarity measures.

Abstract: A receiving device that receives a signal in a receiving antenna. The receiving device includes a gain controller that adjusts a gain in the receiving device in response to information related to power of the signal, and a signal detector that determines whether, within a predetermined period after the information related to the power of the signal exceeds a first threshold value, the information related to the power of the signal exceeds a second threshold value which is larger than the first threshold value. The gain controller adjusts a search range of the gain in the receiving device based on a determination result of the signal detector with respect to the information related to the power of the signal.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for encoding or decoding a video signal. The method for processing a video signal according to the present invention uses a merging mode in which prediction information on a neighbor unit is used instead of transmitting prediction information on the present unit, so as to improve coding efficiency. In this case, the number of available candidate units for merging among the units in a predetermined position is determined, and information for the merging mode is acquired on the basis of the number of the available candidate units for merging. The unit to be merged is determined using the information for the merging mode, and prediction information on the unit to be merged is acquired. The prediction value for the present unit is acquired using the prediction information on the unit to be merged, and the present unit is restored using the acquired prediction value.

Abstract: Techniques for encoding data are described herein. An example of a device in accordance with the present techniques includes a signaling module coupled to a plurality of digital inputs. The signaling module is to encode data received at the plurality of digital inputs to generate encoded data. Based on the encoded data, the signaling module can drive line voltages on a plurality of signal lines of a bus. Each one of the plurality of line voltages corresponds to a weighted sum of the data received at the plurality of digital inputs.

Abstract: A waveform communicated from a first station to a second station over a shared medium may include at least the first symbol comprising a first set of frequency components at predetermined carrier frequencies modulated with preamble information and a second set of frequency components at predetermined carrier frequencies modulated with frame control information. The first symbol may comprise a single symbol delimiter.

Abstract: The burden of designing multiple training sequences for systems having multiple transmit antennas, is drastically reduced by employing a single sequence from which the necessary multiple sequences are developed. The single sequence is selected to create sequences that have an impulse-like autocorrelation function and zero cross correlations. A sequence of any desired length Nt can be realized for an arbitrary number of channel taps, L. The created sequences can be restricted to a standard constellation (that is used in transmitting information symbols) so that a common constellation mapper is used for both the information signals and the training sequence. In some applications a training sequence may be selected so that it is encoded with the same encoder that is used for encoding information symbols. Both block and trellis coding is possible in embodiments that employ this approach.

Abstract: A method for detecting a signal includes channelizing a digitized radio frequency (RF) environment to generate first tier channel outputs. The digitized RF environment includes a first bandwidth. Each first tier channel output has a second bandwidth smaller than the first bandwidth. Each first tier channel output overlaps at least a portion of at least one adjacent first tier channel output. One or more of the first tier channel outputs are channelized to generate multiple second tier channel outputs. Each second tier channel output has a third bandwidth that is smaller than the second bandwidth. Each second tier channel output overlaps at least a portion of at least one adjacent second tier channel output. The method includes performing a comparison of signal data from each second tier channel output to first signal feature data and determining whether a potential target signal is present in the digitized RF environment.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to inductive charging systems comprising at least one power access point (PAP) comprising a primary inductor connectable to a power supply, a PAP credential characterizing said PAP and a charger link comprising at least one wireless communication component; at least one device comprising a secondary inductor, a device credential characterizing said device and a device link comprising at least one wireless communication component; and a power controller comprising a communicator comprising at least one wireless communication component and a server having a database. The disclosure further relates to methods of controlling the inductive charging performed by an inductive charging system.

Abstract: A method of operating an all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) includes detecting a phase change in a feedback signal of the ADPLL using a search window and controlling a closed-loop bandwidth of the ADPLL based on a detection result. The closed-loop bandwidth when the phase change is detected outside the search window is greater than the closed-loop bandwidth when the phase change is detected within the search window.

Abstract: A method for detecting a preamble in a received radio signal comprises demodulating a received radio signal based on a carrier derived from a local timing source to provide a digital signal comprising a sequence of bits oscillating at approximately a modulated data rate. A bit width of each successive bit of the digital signal is determined. If a pair of consecutive bit widths have a combined width within a threshold value, the bit pair is indicated as potentially belonging to a preamble. If a threshold number of potential preamble bit pairs in a sequence of bit pairs within a given window is detected, the sequence of bit pairs is indicated as potentially comprising a preamble. A measure of bit widths of at least some bits within a sequence of preamble bit pairs can be provided and a frequency of the local timing source can be adjusted according to said measure.

Abstract: An edge interval measuring block measures a first same-edge interval. A bit number detector detects the number of bits in the first same-edge interval based on reference bit length information and detects a first number of bits in a same-value interval between consecutive bits of the same value by subtracting the number of bits in the known bit stream from the number of bits in the first same-edge interval. The edge interval measuring block then measures a second same-edge interval. The bit number detector detects the number of bits in the second same-edge interval based on the reference bit length information and detects a second number of bits in a bit stream of consecutive bits of the same value opposite to the value in the same-value interval by subtracting the first number of bits from the number of bits in the second same-edge interval.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a receiving apparatus and a receiving method capable of preventing phase rotation of a signal after FFT from occurring on a frequency domain. Further, the receiving apparatus according to the present invention is provided with: a window control unit configured to control a position of an FFT window in which FFT is performed to the time domain signal, and output FFT data corresponding to the FFT window; a signal delaying unit configured to generate, from the time domain signal, a plurality of delay signals with different delay amounts; and a signal switching unit having a switch for outputting by switching between two of the time domain signal and the plurality of delay signals based on a predetermined switch timing, the signal switching unit being configured to output the FFT data including the output signal of the switch.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for enabling adaptive per-antenna rate control based on network conditions for a wireless communication device (WCD). The WCD and a radio access network (RAN) may form a communication link that has multiple data streams, each data stream received by a different antenna of the WCD. Each data stream may have a different encoding, and thus a different data rate. Additionally, each encoding may have an associated signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) requirement to decode. The more complicated an encoding, the higher the data rate the encoding supports. However, more complicated encodings also need a higher SINR to decode. By first decoding a data stream with a low-complexity encoding, the data can be subtracted from a data stream having a more complicated encoding. Therefore, the SINR of the data stream having a more complicated encoding may be increased, and increase the likelihood of it being decodable.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention includes a bi-phase communication receiver system. The system includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to sample a bi-phase modulation signal to generate digital samples of the bi-phase modulation signal. The system also includes a bi-phase signal decoder configured to decode the bi-phase modulation signal based on the digital samples. The system further includes a preamble detector comprising a digital filter configured to evaluate the digital samples to generate an output and to detect a preamble of the bi-phase modulation signal for decoding the bi-phase modulation signal based on the output.

Abstract: A device for obtaining a RCC signal and related methods are described herein improves the reliability of the RCC signal reception and demodulation. In one aspect, a device configured to obtain a RCC signal includes: a receiving circuit to receive an analog AM RCC signal and to process said analog AM RCC signal to generate a digital AM RCC signal; and a demodulation circuit in connection with said receiving circuit, to demodulate said digital AM RCC signal to generate the RCC signal. In another aspect, a method for obtaining a RCC signal includes: processing a received analog AM RCC signal to generate a digital AM RCC signal; and demodulating said digital AM RCC signal to generate said RCC signal. Since the digital processing method is more reliable than the analog processing method, the reliability of RCC signal reception and demodulation are improved.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems are provided for generating a candidate search set for ML detection of 2n-QAM signals transmitted on two or more MIMO spatial streams. A method includes estimating an initial solution yq for a received 2n-QAM symbol value b0b1 . . . bn-1, wherein all possible 2n-QAM symbol values are Gray-mapped constellation points; and performing an iteration for each hypothetical value of each bit position i of the initial solution yq, wherein each iteration comprises: determining a search center as: if ith bit of the initial solution equals the hypothetical value assumed for the current iteration, the initial solution yq; or if ith bit of the initial solution does not equal the hypothetical value assumed for the current iteration, a mirror constellation point yqc to the initial solution yq; and searching outward from the determined search center for candidate constellation points.

Abstract: A method of detecting a received signal, includes determining correlation between a received signal in a predetermined signal interval and training symbols, and determining a median absolute deviation (MAD) of the received signal in a predetermined reference interval. The method further includes detecting a presence of the received signal based on the correlation and the MAD.

Abstract: An accurate channel frequency response is obtained by processing an extracted number of pilot tones provided at different locations within a received OFDM symbol. This includes filtering the extracted pilot tones with a first window function, converting the thus filtered pilot tones to a first channel impulse response signal that may include a main tap and a plurality of adjacent taps, removing taps whose absolute values or energy levels are below a predetermined level, processing the remaining taps having sufficient absolute values or energy levels into a second channel impulse response signal that is significantly free of noises, converting the second channel impulse response signal to a frequency-domain signal, and filtering the frequency-domain signal with a second window function having an inverse characteristic of that of the first window function to obtain an accurate channel frequency response.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with preamble detection based on repeated preamble codes are described. According to one embodiment, an apparatus is provided that wirelessly receives a signal and calculates a differential output corresponding to a multiplication of the signal and a delayed version of the signal. A cross correlation is performed between the differential output and a known preamble pattern to produce a cross correlation output. One or more peaks are detected in the cross correlation. The detected peaks are used in subsequent processing to detect the known preamble pattern in the wirelessly received signal.

Abstract: A method for operating a receiver having multiple receive antennas to process a signal from a first affiliated transmitter and align interference from a second interfering transmitter includes providing a codebook of predefined matrices. Each predefined matrix has an identifier associated therewith. A first channel matrix and a second channel matrix are assembled for the first and the second transmitters. An equivalent direct channel matrix is determined from the first and second channel matrices, and predetermined reference vectors are selected from a plurality of predetermined vectors. A predefined matrix is selected from the codebook based upon the equivalent direct channel matrix and an identifier for the predefined matrix is fed back to the first transmitter. A signal is received and decoded using a combining matrix derived from the predetermined reference vectors and an inverse of the second channel matrix, thereby reducing interference from the interfering transmitters.

Abstract: Certain disclosed embodiments pertain to suppressing interference in a wireless communication system. For example, a method of suppressing interference can include receiving one or more first signals including components from a plurality of sub-channels. Each of the first signals can be converted into a respective plurality of first sub-band frequency components. A respective spatial filter can be determined for each frequency sub-band using one or more corresponding first sub-band components for each respective spatial filter. One or more second signals including components from the plurality of sub-channels can be received. Each of the second signals can be converted into a respective plurality of second sub-band frequency components. A corresponding plurality of filtered sub-band components can be generated by applying the respective spatial filters to the corresponding second sub-band components for each of the second signals.

Abstract: A receiver may be operable to receive an inter-symbol correlated (ISC) signal, and generate a plurality of soft decisions as to information carried in the ISC signal. The soft decisions may be generated using a reduced-state sequence estimation (RSSE) process. The RSSE process may be such that the number of symbol survivors retained after each iteration of the RSSE process is less than the maximum likelihood state space. The plurality of soft decisions may comprise a plurality of log likelihood ratios (LLRs). Each of the plurality of LLRs may correspond to a respective one of a plurality of subwords of a forward error correction (FEC) codeword.

Abstract: Systems and methods for multi-phase signaling are described herein. In one embodiment, a method for receiving data comprises receiving a sequence of symbols from a plurality of conductors, and generating a clock signal by detecting transitions in the received sequence of symbols. The method also comprises delaying the received sequence of symbols, and capturing one or more symbols in the delayed sequence of symbols using the clock signal, wherein a previous symbol in the delayed sequence of symbols is captured using a clock pulse in the clock signal generated based on a detected transition to a current symbol in the received sequence of symbols.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method for determining a word boundary in an incoming data stream includes initializing an N bit register with initial content, receiving a number of consecutive N bit words of the incoming data stream and processing each of the number of consecutive N bit words. The processing includes performing operations per bit position of the register, including performing an XOR operation on a corresponding received data bit and a next received data bit, performing an AND operation on a current state of the bit position of the register and a result of the XOR operation, and storing a result of the AND operation to update the state of the bit position of the register. The word boundary is defined based on the content of the register following the processing of the number of consecutive N bit words.

Abstract: A method of reducing the glare of at least one receiver within a system, in particular a geolocation system, the system including: at least one first emitter emitting at least a first signal modulated by a first code, at least a second emitter emitting at least one second signal modulated by a second code, which is repetitive and potentially variable, and a third signal out of phase with respect to the second signal, the third signal being modulated by the second code delayed by a first delay, and the receiver, the latter being configured so as to detect signals emitted by the first and second emitters and implementing, for the tracking of the first signal, a local signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provide for stable signal demodulation in a communication system. The method and apparatus includes including detecting an erroneous demodulation value based on backward-demodulation of received signals, using a difference between a received signal to be demodulated and a preceding signal of the received signals and correcting the error demodulation value. Alternatively, backward-demodulation is used to confirm received signals.

Abstract: A receiver for decoding a communication signal is disclosed. The receiver includes an input port and a filter. The input port receives the communication signal from a communication medium. The communication signal comprises a sequence of symbols. Each symbol of the symbol sequence is an analog pulse that has a leading edge of exponential shape. The exponential shape has an exponential growth parameter value that has been selected from values ?0 and ?1, which are distinct positive values. For each symbol of the symbol sequence, the exponential growth parameter value for the leading edge of the symbol has been selected based on a corresponding bit from a stream of information bits. The filter receives the communication signal from the input port and filters the communication signal to obtain an output signal. The transfer function of the filter has one or more zeros at ?0.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for performing on die jitter tolerance testing. A set of clocks are generated based on an input signal. The set of clocks include in an in-phase signal based on the data switching edge of the input signal. Additionally, the set of clocks include an inverted clock phase shifted by 180 degrees, and a pair of clocks phase shifted positively and negatively by a certain number of degrees, ?. Data input is sampled based on the inverted clock and the two phase shifted clocks. The eye opening of the input signal can be determined based on whether each of the inverted clock and the two phase shifted clocks sample the correct data from the input signal at various ? values.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus intelligently switching between line coding schemes based on context. In one exemplary embodiment, an High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) system is configured to transmit control and video data according to an 8B/10B line coding protocol, and data island data according to TERC4 (TMDS (Transition Minimized Differential Signaling) Error Reduction Coding 4-bit). Various elements of the disclosed HDMI devices are configured to determine when a context switch occurs, and thereafter seamlessly transition between the appropriate line code protocol.

Abstract: An optimum time domain windowing scheme for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based waveforms in the sense of spectral concentration is proposed. Instead of evenly suppressing the sidelobes along the frequency, the sidelobe power is concentrated within a guard band while maximally suppressing the power for a desired frequency range. This is achieved by employing optimum finite duration pulses, prolate spheroidal wave functions (PSWF), to shape the OFDM transmit pulse. Also with per-subcarrier windowing scheme, the effect of inner subcarriers on sidelobes is diminished by utilizing the concentration bandwidth versus out-of-band power trade-off in PSWF and the multicarrier nature of the OFDM.

Abstract: An edge interval measuring block measures a first same-edge interval. A bit number detector detects the number of bits in the first same-edge interval based on reference bit length information and detects a first number of bits in a same-value interval between consecutive bits of the same value by subtracting the number of bits in the known bit stream from the number of bits in the first same-edge interval. The edge interval measuring block then measures a second same-edge interval. The bit number detector detects the number of bits in the second same-edge interval based on the reference bit length information and detects a second number of bits in a bit stream of consecutive bits of the same value opposite to the value in the same-value interval by subtracting the first number of bits from the number of bits in the second same-edge interval.

Abstract: Techniques are provided herein to estimate parameters of a wireless communication channel. At each of a first plurality of antennas of a first wireless communication device, a transmission is received that is associated with each of one or more spatial streams transmitted via a second plurality of antennas of a second wireless communication device. The transmission comprises at least first and second training fields which are configured for channel estimation. Multidimensional channel information between the first plurality of antennas and the second plurality of antennas is computed from receive values in the first and second training fields for one more dimension above a number of the spatial streams transmitted by the second wireless communication device and up to a lesser of a number of the first plurality of antennas and a number of the second plurality of antennas.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes applying, by a transimpedance amplifier at a receiving end of a communication link, equalization to a signal carried by the communication link at the receiving end of the communication link.

Abstract: Methods for detecting and/or indicating the presence of valid data and threshold setting and data detection circuitry are disclosed. The threshold setting and data detection circuitry and related methods may be useful for fast and accurate reception of optical signals. The detection circuit generally comprises (i) a first circuit configured to regulate or control a DC offset of a differential input signal, and (ii) a second circuit coupled to the first circuit, the second circuit configured to indicate the presence of a data signal at the differential input signal when a voltage difference between true and complementary nodes of the differential input signal is above a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: Process for canceling Intercarrier Interference in a OFDM receiver receiving OFDM blocks in presence of Doppler, comprising the steps of: receiving a OFDM block comprising N samples; applying a FFT for the purpose of generating N frequency domain representations composing the received signal (R); multiplying said received signal (R) by the hermitian value of the channel (HH), with H being the channel estimate; applying on said received signal a preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm based on a N×N P preconditioner matrix; Characterized in that said preconditioner matrix is computed at follows: Formula (19) and formula (20), where formula (I) is a LFIR×PN selection matrix obtained by extracting a predetermined number (LFIR) of rows from the identity matrix IPN, LFIR being a predetermined integer inferior to PN, with p corresponding to the basis expansion order chosen and N is the FFT size; formula (II) is equal to HFH, with H being the frequency-domain channel matrix and F being the N×N discrete-Fourier t

Abstract: A method for estimating a scrambling code used on an uplink of a WCDMA system. The scrambling code is obtained from a Gold code, sum of a first specific M-sequence of the user and of a second M-sequence known from the receiver. After sampling of the signal received at the chip frequency of the scrambling code, the successive samples are subject to a differential treatment and the sequence of differential values is multiplied by the second M-sequence. The observables thereby obtained are decoded with the aid of a belief propagation iterative decoding. The decoded values then serve to determine the content of the shift register of the generator of the first M-sequence. One then deduces therefrom the Gold code and an estimation of the scrambling code, ?.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices to enable monitoring of wireless networks are described herein. In some aspects, a low power receiver or a receiver operating in a low power mode scans for signals with a moderate or low duty cycle. If a signal identifying a device or user of the receiver, or a signal indicating that there will be a subsequent data communication, is received, a high power receiver or a receiver operating in a high power mode is activated to receive data communications.