Abstract: The present invention relates to means and methods of automated difference recognition between speech and music signals in voice communication systems, devices, telephones, and methods, and more specifically, to systems, devices, and methods that automate control when either speech or music is detected over communication links. The present invention provides a novel system and method for monitoring the audio signal, analyze selected audio signal components, compare the results of analysis with a pre-determined threshold value, and classify the audio signal either as speech or music.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method is provided. The method of this embodiment may include, in response, at least in part, to receipt at a first node of a request issued from a second node to change from one mode of operation to another mode of operation, selecting an amplitude of a signal to be propagated between the first node and the second node during the another mode of operation. The amplitude of the signal may be different from another amplitude of the signal during the one mode of operation. The method of this embodiment also may include, in response, at least in part, to the receipt of the request, selecting a frequency of a clock signal to be supplied in the first node during the another mode of operation. The frequency may be different from another frequency of the clock signal during the one mode of operation.

Abstract: A DFT is used to compute the magnitude and phase of the frequencies desired to be detected in a frame of sampled data by performing 2 dot products for each such frequency. The two dot products are calculated using the samples in the frame and an equal number of equally spaced cosine and sine coefficients for each frequency to be detected.

Abstract: In a packet radio system (e.g. a GPRS), a network (BSS) has two different alternatives for allocating a radio resource to a mobile station (MS). In a first allocation alternative the radio resource is allocated using an uplink counter block identifier (USF) transmitted with downlink blocks. In a second allocation alternative the radio resource is allocated in a separate signalling message. A corresponding downlink block then also has an uplink counter block identifier (USF) which can acquire only a limited number of possible values. If all identifiers (USF) are allocated to different mobile stations, allocation alternative 2 cannot be used. In the invention the network leaves at least one identifier (USF) unallocated to any mobile station.

Abstract: A method of detecting a frequency or a combination of frequencies in a signal by processing the signal by means of an appropriate algorithm includes an operation of estimating filter coefficients for characterizing the signal using a least mean squares algorithm and an operation of computing a Euclidean distance between the signal to which the detection method is applied and at least the frequency or combination of frequencies to be detected using the filter coefficients obtained for the signal to which the detection method is applied by the estimation operation and the same number of corresponding particular filter coefficients that characterize the frequency or combination of frequencies to be detected. That frequency or combination of frequencies is considered as having been detected in the signal to which the detection method is applied if the computed Euclidean distance is below a particular threshold value.

Abstract: An apparatus for improving signal quality in a communications link includes apparatus for regenerating only the speech-like characteristics of signals received over the communications link so that an estimate of the original speech signal can be retransmitted. The apparatus may include a vocal tract model coupled to a synthesizer.

Abstract: A telecommunications network (120) is provided with adaptive gain control (AGC) of the voice signals in network (120). Network (120)includes an input (12) for receiving a voice signal, an output (14) for receiving the voice signal, and a coupling between input (12) and output (14) including at least one switch (124) or (126). Network (120) also includes voice enhancer (10) including power averager (18) for measuring and determining the average power of an input signal. Voice enhancer (10) also includes bass band equalizer (16) to attenuate a predetermined portion of the input signal to provide an equalized input signal. From the average power of the input signal is determined a scaling factor from a gain/attenuation look-up table (28). Voice enhancer (10) also includes output scaler (30) coupled to output (14), output scaler (30) scales the equalized input signal with the scaling factor and provides the scaled signal to output (14).

Abstract: A reciprocal impedance conversion network is disclosed. Such conversion network preferably is used in a reciprocal negative impedance repeater for the nonloaded cable facilities of a telephone system. Two independent voltage sources for generating reciprocal negative impedance are connected between a first port and a second port. The first port is operably connected to the first voltage source such that a series negative impedance appears at that port. This port is specifically connected to the switching equipment of the telephone system. The second port is operably connected to the second voltage source such that a shunt negative impedance appears at that port. The second port is specifically connected to the nonloaded cable facilities of the telephone system. The invention further provides a frequency dependent gain circuit which is useful for equalizing the losses along the nonloaded cable facilities.

Abstract: A reciprocal impedance conversion network is disclosed. Such conversion network preferably is used in a reciprocal negative impedance repeater for the nonloaded cable facilities of a telephone system. Two independent voltage sources for generating reciprocal negative impedance are connected between a first port and a second port. The first port is operably connected to the first voltage source such that a series negative impedance appears at that port. This port is specifically connected to the switching equipment of the telephone system. The second port is operably connected to the second voltage source such that a shunt negative impedance appears at that port. The second port is specifically connected to the nonloaded cable facilities of the telephone system. The invention further provides a frequency dependent gain circuit which is useful for equalizing the losses along the nonloaded cable facilities.

Abstract: Circuits embodying the invention include apparatus for sensing the amplitude and the frequency of the signals received from one section of a telephone cable and for propagating onto the succeeding section of telephone cable only those received signals having an amplitude greater than a predetermined level and whose frequency is within the predetermined range.

Abstract: A negative admittance converter or a negative impedance converter can be formed from a negative immitance converter having two preferably identical transformers each having a center tapped coil and respective coil end terminals. One end of each of the coils is connected through a first amplifier element, and the other ends are connected through a second amplifier element, the amplifier elements having control inputs connected to a 180.degree. phase shifter. The phase shifter is formed by a voltage differential amplifier having one input connected to a voltage divider connected across the first amplifier element, and the other input connected to a voltage divider connected across the other amplifier element, the amplifier differential outputs being connected to the control inputs of the first and second amplifier elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a telephone subscriber electronic feeding bridge which includes a transformer with three windings, between the line of the sub set and the connection network of the telephone unit automatic exchange or autoswitch of which it forms a part. A capacitor is interposed on one of the two wires of the line, connected furthermore to feed resistors. The third winding of the transformer, associated with the winding of the line of the set, is looped on a negative impedance. This arrangement allows impedance matching both in direct current and in alternating current.