Abstract: A method and system is provided for the compression of a video captured from a static camera. A background image and an original image is captured from the static camera. A foreground object is extracted by taking the difference between the transformed original image and the transformed background image. The foreground object is represented as a sparse vector using wavelets. The method revolves around the compressive sensing framework by ingeniously using the complex field BCH codes and the syndrome as measurements to achieve robust background subtraction using reduced number of measurements. The reconstruction is carried out by a Complex-field BCH decoder coupled with block based implementation. According to another embodiment, an adaptive techniques has also been proposed for acquiring the measurements required for recovering the images.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting change in a video stream may include receiving, by a processor, a video image from a video stream and a reference image. The processor may divide the video image and the reference image into non-overlapping blocks, and each block in the video image may correspond to a block in the reference image. The processor may perform an orthogonal transformation on a corresponding pair of blocks in the video image and the reference image. DC (direct current, or, average value) components in the orthogonally transformed pair of blocks in the video image and the reference image may be zeroed. An infinity-norm difference between coefficient values of the corresponding pair of transformed and modified blocks in the video image and the reference image may be determined and compared to a threshold.

Abstract: A multi-viewpoint image which has been captured with respect to an object from a plurality of viewpoints is coded by setting a base viewpoint among the plurality of viewpoints. An image captured from a viewpoint that is not the base viewpoint is then coded using a reference image selected based on imaging parameters and a parallax.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention form an information set from the current set of index information available by the operations of the Pre-Search and RunTime Search components of the search engine. A search request that contains search terms and/or other search criteria (e.g. date or file type) is entered by a user through an input interface. The search terms and the information set are worked through the search engine modules to provide the actual results sought by the user. These results are provided to the user via a Return Interface. Embodiments involve a search engine that forms a numeric code index that includes grammar embedded rules from a plurality of documents, converts a search request into the same format as the index, and then compares the index and the search request to form the search results.

Abstract: An image decoding method which includes decoding transform coefficients for a target image. A combination of a vertical inverse transform matrix and a horizontal inverse transform matrix corresponding to a target image is set. The transform coefficients are inversely transformed along a vertical direction and a horizontal direction using the combination which has been set to obtain a prediction error. The decoded image is generated using the prediction error.

Abstract: A block encode circuit (800) including a scanner (820) operable to scan a block having data values spaced apart in the block by run-lengths to produce a succession of pairs of values of Level and Run representing each data value and run-length, and wherein the Level values include one or more AC values succeeded by a DC value in the succession, and a Run-Level encoder (830) responsive to said scanner (820) to encode the values of Level and Run in a same AC to DC order as in the succession of pairs of values from said scanner (820) to deliver an encoded output. Other encoders, decoders, codecs and systems and processes for their operation and manufacture are disclosed.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus, articles, and methods are described related to a hardware-based convolution pre-filter to accelerate object detection.

Abstract: A method for generating a shader that is used by a rendering engine to render a visual representation of a computer model. A shader generation engine receives a set of surface data that describes a surface in view of various lighting conditions. The shader generation engine compresses the set of surface data to generate a compressed representation of the set of surface data based on a selected compression algorithm. The shader generation engine generates a shader based on the compressed representation that is configured to be implemented with a rendering engine, and generates a set of shader data based on the compressed representation that includes a set of material characteristics for coloring pixels of the visual representation. Advantageously, the shader generation process is simplified because different compression algorithm-rendering engine shader combinations can be generated without manually programming the shaders.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are system, method, and computer program product embodiments for generating an optimal development infrastructure. An embodiment operates by decomposing a development process into one or more functional requirements, mapping each functional requirement of the decomposed development process to the one or more corresponding functional capabilities, and selecting one or more services operable to implement each mapped functional capability, wherein each service comprises one or more functional capabilities.

Abstract: An invention is disclosed for performing differencing of graphical data in post-transform space for a remote presentation session. Graphical data is transformed from a first representation to a second representation (e.g. with a DWT), and then a difference is taken of the post-transform data and the post-transform data of the frame that preceded the current frame. This difference is then encoded and transmitted to a client, which decodes it, and creates a representation of the graphical data using the delta, and a previously determined representation of the previous frame. By performing differencing in post-transform space, fidelity of the remote presentation session is retained while it may decrease bandwidth. This may occur because the entropy of the delta representation is usually lower than a non-delta representation while the scheme retains the identical data of the final decoded image of the non-delta version of the same compression scheme.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for improved chroma transforms for inter frames in video encoding and decoding. The apparatus and method encode at least a portion of a picture using inter-coding, wherein a transform is adaptively selected, from among a plurality of transforms, to apply to chroma components of the portion responsive to at least one selection criterion.

Abstract: A video coding method enables reduction in the decrease in the efficiency of coding a video and enhancement of the image quality of the resulting decoded video. The video coding method includes predicting a video signal to generate a prediction signal; calculating, as a prediction error signal, the difference between the video signal and a prediction signal; and generating a reconstructed video signal by reconstructing the video signal based on the prediction signal and the prediction error signal. The video coding method also includes determining filter data items that are used to filter each of at least two of the prediction signal, the prediction error signal, and the reconstructed video signal; and coding the determined filter data items based on the cross correlations between the determined filter data items.

Abstract: There is described an image compressing/decompressing method and device that provides the lossless data compression/decompression scheme in two separate modules. Partially entropy encoded/decoded data is written to memory by a first module after a first part of the process and retrieved by a second module to perform the second part of the lossless compression/decompression scheme.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus generates an image appended with additional effective pixels by executing appending processing for appending additional effective pixels by extending input image data in a scanning direction using pixels at terminal ends of the input image data in the scanning direction. The image processing apparatus generates image data of a second hierarchy obtained by reducing the input image data by applying filtering to the generated image appended with the additional effective pixels, and generates image data of a third hierarchy by applying filtering to the image data of the second hierarchy.

Abstract: Techniques and tools for signaling and using image tiling information (such as syntax elements relating index tables and header size), signaling and using windowing information (such as techniques for using windowing parameters when rotating, cropping or flipping images), and signaling and using alpha channel information are described.

Abstract: Presented herein are reconstruction and overlap transform system(s) and method(s) supporting VC-1 decoding. In one embodiment, there is presented a system for reconstructing pixels. The system comprises a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit reconstructs pixels from residuals, where the residuals encode video data in accordance with a first encoding standard. The second circuit reconstructs pixels from residuals, where the residuals encode video data in accordance with a second encoding standard.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for detecting an out-of-focus camera in a video analytics system. In one embodiment, a preprocessor component performs a pyramid image decomposition on a video frame captured by a camera. The preprocessor further determines sharp edge areas, candidate blurry edge areas, and actual blurry edge areas, in each level of the pyramid image decomposition. Based on the sharp edge areas, the candidate blurry edge areas, and actual blurry edge areas, the preprocessor determines a sharpness value and a blurriness value which indicate the overall sharpness and blurriness of the video frame, respectively. Based on the sharpness value and the blurriness value, the preprocessor further determines whether the video frame is out-of-focus and whether to send the video frame to components of a computer vision engine and/or a machine learning engine.

Abstract: A global bit stream comprising at least a first and a second bit stream is generated using an original visual bit stream. The first bit stream is generated by compressing the original visual bit stream using a JPEG-LS compression technique with a lossy factor ‘n’. The second bit stream is generated by compressing a difference bit stream using a JPEG-LS lossless compression technique, wherein the difference bit stream comprises a difference between the original visual bit stream and the first bit stream. The visual display is recreated using a reconstructed bit stream after receiving the global bit stream over a channel, wherein the reconstructed bit stream is generated by decompressing at least the first bit stream using a JPEG-LS lossless compression technique. The second bit stream is decompressed using JPEG-LS lossless compression technique and the quality of the display may be enhanced by adding the decompressed second bit stream.

Abstract: A video coding method comprises dividing a coefficient vector into two or more sub-vectors, each sub-vector having a length less than or equal to a length of the coefficient vector, indicating a size of each sub-vector and a position of each sub-vector within the coefficient vector, and forming a block corresponding to each sub-vector.

Abstract: Methods and systems divide an image into image blocks, determine a number of high-variation blocks within valid image blocks, determine a page variance measure by dividing the number of high-variation blocks by the total number of valid image blocks, and classify the image as comprising a halftone and/or text image if the page variance measure exceeds a halftone threshold. Such methods and systems classify the image as being a continuous tone image if the page variance measure does not exceed the halftone threshold and a text index is below a text index threshold, and classify the image as being a continuous tone and text image if the page variance measure does not exceed the halftone threshold and the text index is not below the text index threshold. Further, such methods and systems select an image processing mode based on such image classifications.

Abstract: In an image coding apparatus (1), a Hadamard transform unit (11) performs horizontal Hadamard transform on a picture of uncompressed image data (21). The sum total of absolute values of AC component values obtained by the Hadamard transform is calculated as a Hadamard value (23) of the picture. A scene change determination unit (12) determines whether a scene change occurs or not in the picture on the basis of the Hadamard value (23). In a case where a scene change occurs in the picture or where a differential absolute value between the amount of generated codes in a coded GOP and the ideal amount of codes in a GOP is larger than a predetermined reference value, a quantization parameter determination unit (13) determines a quantization parameter (24) of the picture on the basis of the Hadamard value (23) and the target amount of codes of the picture. A coding unit (14) codes the picture by using the determined quantization parameter (24).

Abstract: A method for compressing an image including one or more blocks, each of the one or more blocks including an x channel, a y channel, and a z channel, the method including, for each of the one or more blocks: performing a frequency domain transform, by a processor, on each of the x, y, and z channels; ordering, by the processor, the transformed x, y, and z channels into first, second, and third transformed channels; performing an inter-channel transform in accordance with the order of the first transformed channel, the second transformed channel, and the third transformed channel; and encoding the inter-channel transformed channels.

Abstract: A signal processing transformation (wavelet, Fourier, discrete cosine) is applied to a digital image on a mobile device in order to produce a low-level information image and at least one high-level information image. The low-level image is recognizable as the digital image and is kept on the device; all other related images are deleted. The high-level information images are uploaded. The transformation is applied recursively and is dictated by a default setting, calculated from data of the mobile device, or input. To regenerate the original image the device connects to the server and downloads a set of high-level information images or all sets. The low resolution image is combined with the high-level information images using the reverse of the transformation originally applied to produce a higher resolution version of the low resolution image. Successive sets of high-level information images may be recursively applied to generate successively higher resolution images.

Abstract: A method for removing boundary distortion includes receiving a one-dimensional input signal and determining whether the one-dimensional input signal includes an even number of data elements. If the one-dimensional input signal includes an even number of data elements, an extrapolation operation is performed on one of a first or second boundary of the one-dimensional input signal. The extrapolation operation produces one additional data element. The method may further include performing a mirroring operation on the signal data resulting from the extrapolation operation to produce a mirrored signal, and performing a transform operation the mirrored signal.

Abstract: An image encoding and/or decoding apparatus and method are provided. The image encoding apparatus includes: a transform unit removing spatial redundancy by transforming an original image being input; an allowable noise obtaining unit obtaining an allowable noise from the original image; a quantization parameter determination unit determining a quantization parameter by using the allowable noise; a quantization unit generating a quantized coefficient, by quantizing a transform coefficient provided from the transform unit by using the quantization parameter; and an entropy encoding unit entropy encoding the quantized coefficient to remove statistical redundancy.

Abstract: Some aspects of the disclosure relate to a compression technique that can permit determining dynamically a satisfactory quantization matrix based at least on properties intrinsic to a digital object being compressed and a predetermined compression quality criterion, wherein the quantization matrix is associated with a specific space-domain-to-frequency-domain transforms. In one aspect, the compression technique can permit creation of a compressed digital object that can satisfy a predetermined a compression quality criterion.

Abstract: Acquired mask data of a defect portion is sent to a simulated repair circuit 300 to be simulated. The simulation of the acquired mask data 204 is returned to the mask inspection results 205 and thereafter sent to a wafer transfer simulator 400 along with a reference image at the corresponding portion. A wafer transfer image estimated by the wafer transfer simulator 400 is sent to a comparing circuit 301. When it is determined that there is a defect in the comparing circuit 301, the coordinates and the wafer transfer image which is a basis for the defect determination are stored as transfer image inspection results 206. The mask inspection results 205 and the transfer image inspection result 206 are then sent to the review device 500.

Abstract: A decoding method decodes a bit stream in an image decoding apparatus. The method includes receiving a weight parameter that is added to a luma quantization parameter as the bit stream. The method also includes decoding, in a decoding unit in the image decoding apparatus, the bit stream, and generating a luma component of quantized coefficients and a chroma component of quantized coefficients. Further, the method includes performing, in a dequantization unit in the image decoding apparatus, dequantization on the luma component of quantized coefficients using the luma quantization parameter and the chroma component of quantized coefficients using a chroma quantization parameter calculated on the basis of the luma quantization parameter weighted by an add operation of the weight parameter. In addition, the method includes performing, in a transform unit in the image decoding apparatus, an inverse orthogonal transform.

Abstract: An invention is disclosed for performing differencing of graphical data in post-transform space for a remote presentation session. Graphical data is transformed from a first representation to a second representation (e.g. with a DWT), and then a difference is taken of the post-transform data and the post-transform data of the frame that preceded the current frame. This difference is then encoded and transmitted to a client, which decodes it, and creates a representation of the graphical data using the delta, and a previously determined representation of the previous frame. By performing differencing in post-transform space, fidelity of the remote presentation session is retained while it may decrease bandwidth. This may occur because the entropy of the delta representation is usually lower than a non-delta representation while the scheme retains the identical data of the final decoded image of the non-delta version of the same compression scheme.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for rotating an encoded image, such as an image encoded according to a JPEG standard. In one example, a method for rotating an encoded image comprising reordering minimum coded units (MCUs) of the encoded image according to a specified rotation of the encoded image, rotating image data within the MCUs according to the specified rotation, and generating a rotated version of the encoded image comprising the reordered MCUs and the rotated image data within the MCUs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a deblocking filtering method, a method for inducing bs (boundary strength) therefor, and a method and an apparatus for encoding/decoding using the same. The method for inducing the bS of the present invention comprises the steps of: inducing a boundary of a deblocking filtering unit block as a unit block for applying the deblocking filtering; and setting the bS according to each bS setting unit block within the deblocking filtering unit block, wherein the bS setting step can set a bS value for a target boundary corresponding to a boundary of the deblocking filtering unit block as the bs setting unit block.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for encoding and decoding a video stream. Each picture in a video stream can be divided into slices, each of which contains a contiguous row of macroblocks. All the blocks corresponding to a single video component within each slice can then be used as the basis for encoding the picture. By decomposing each picture into slices, the video stream can be efficiently converted for displays of varying size and/or quality. The encoded bitstream can include a slice table to allow direct access to each slice without reading the entire bitstream. Each slice can also be processed independently, allowing for parallelized encoding and/or decoding.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of editing terrain data created by a procedure method, and particularly to a method of editing terrain data based on multiresolution for intuitively editing high-quality terrain data. To this end, the method of editing terrain data created by a procedure method includes: inputting terrain data in a form of a height map; processing a multiresolution analysis by dividing the input height map for each band; processing a terrain edition based on the multiresolution by adjusting a height value within a predetermined distance from a position selected from the multiresolution analyzed height map; and storing the multiresolution-based terrain edition processed height map in a form of a progressive mesh.

Abstract: This patent application is generally related to watermarking and steganography. One claim recites a method of transmarking an audio or video signal previously embedded with a first digital watermark using a first digital watermark embedding method. The method includes: utilizing a programmed electronic processor, decoding the first digital watermark from the audio or video signal, in which the decoding determines relationships or values associated with local masking opportunities of the media signal; converting the audio or video signal into a different form; and utilizing a programmed electronic processor, embedding decoded message information from the first digital watermark into a second digital watermark in the different form such that the second digital watermark is adapted to robustness or perceptibility parameters associated with the different form. Of course, other combinations and claims are provided as well.

Abstract: An image encoding method includes generating a first frequency coefficient matrix by transforming a predetermined block to a frequency domain; determining whether the first frequency coefficient matrix includes coefficients whose absolute values are greater than a predetermined value; generating a second frequency coefficient matrix by selectively partially switching at least one of rows and columns of the first frequency coefficient matrix according to an angle parameter based on a determination result; and selectively encoding the second frequency coefficient matrix based on the determination result.

Abstract: There is provided an image processing system and an image processing method able to suppress block distortion in the case of decoding image data encoded in unit of blocks. A controlling unit selects a filtering content to be applied to the block image data based on the encoding types of the block image data to be filtered, and a filtering unit applies filtering to the block image data to be processed according to the filtering content selected by the controlling unit.

Abstract: Provided is an image processing device including a selection section configured to select, from a plurality of transform units with different sizes, a transform unit used for inverse orthogonal transformation of image data to be decoded, a generation section configured to generate, from a first quantization matrix corresponding to a transform unit for a first size, a second quantization matrix corresponding to a transform unit for a second size from a first quantization matrix corresponding to a transform unit for a first size, and an inverse quantization section configured to inversely quantize transform coefficient data for the image data using the second quantization matrix generated by the generation section when the selection section selects the transform unit for the second size.

Abstract: Provided is an image processing device including a selection section configured to select, from a plurality of transform units with different sizes, a transform unit used for inverse orthogonal transformation of image data to be decoded, a generation section configured to generate, from a first quantization matrix corresponding to a transform unit for a first size, a second quantization matrix corresponding to a transform unit for a second size from a first quantization matrix corresponding to a transform unit for a first size, and an inverse quantization section configured to inversely quantize transform coefficient data for the image data using the second quantization matrix generated by the generation section when the selection section selects the transform unit for the second size.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of digital media recording such as video or audio, where compression is used to reduce the amount of data to save onto a data storage. In particular the invention relates to recording media, wherein the memory area required to store the media is unknown. The invention discloses a method for recording digital streamed media with a number of media frames in a memory by encoding each media frame into an encoded frame comprising a first number of quality layers, such as the quality layers in JPEG2000. The invention further relates to detecting if the data storage is full and if the data storage is full, storing new frames in the data storage previously occupied by the quality layer representing the highest resolution of the previously stored encoded frames. The invention also relates to a corresponding media recorder and computer program.

Abstract: To better handle the flat tail phenomenon commonly seen in transform coefficients such as DCT coefficients, a system and method having a model dubbed a transparent composite model (TCM) are described. Given a sequence of transform coefficients, a TCM first separates the tail of the sequence from the main body of the sequence. A first distribution such as a uniform, truncated Laplacian, or truncated geometric distribution can be used to model transform coefficients in the flat tail while at least one parametric distribution (e.g. truncated Laplacian, generalized Gaussian (GG), and geometric distributions) can be used to model data in the main body. A plurality of boundary values can be used to bound a plurality of distribution models. The plurality of boundary values and other parameters of the TCM can be estimated via maximum likelihood (ML) estimation or greedy estimation.

Abstract: A decoding apparatus according to the present invention includes: a decoding unit which decodes identification information identifying an orthogonal transform basis for inverse orthogonal transform; an orthogonal transform basis accumulation unit accumulating orthogonal transform bases for inverse orthogonal transform; an orthogonal transform basis storage unit storing an orthogonal transform basis for inverse transform, from among the stored orthogonal transform bases; an inverse orthogonal transform unit which performs inverse orthogonal transform using the identified orthogonal transform basis; and an orthogonal transform basis transfer control unit which transfers the identified orthogonal transfer basis from the orthogonal transform basis accumulation unit to the orthogonal transfer basis storage unit only when the identified orthogonal transform basis is not yet stored therein.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for prediction of pixel values in an image decoder. In an image decoder, a reference vector which is provided by an image encoder is provided 500. An initiation region of pixels is determined 502, which corresponds to a reference region of pixels at the image encoder. The initiation region is spatially displaced in relation to the prediction region according to the reference vector, and a part of the initiation region overlaps a part of the prediction region. Pixel values are assigned 504 to pixels of the prediction region, whose corresponding pixel values in the initiation region are known. Pixel values of the overlapping region of the initiation region are assigned 506 to the corresponding pixels in the prediction region, the pixel values being assigned 504.

Abstract: HDR images are coded and distributed. An initial HDR image is received. Processing the received HDR image creates a JPEG-2000 DCI-compliant coded baseline image and an HDR-enhancement image. The coded baseline image has one or more color components, each of which provide enhancement information that allows reconstruction of an instance of the initial HDR image using the baseline image and the HDR-enhancement images. A data packet is computed, which has a first and a second data set. The first data set relates to the baseline image color components, each of which has an application marker that relates to the HDR-enhancement images. The second data set relates to the HDR-enhancement image. The data packets are sent in a DCI-compliant bit stream.

Abstract: An image processing device including a selection section configured to select, from a plurality of transform units with different sizes, a transform unit used for inverse orthogonal transformation of image data to be decoded, a generation section configured to generate, from a first quantization matrix corresponding to a transform unit for a first size, a second quantization matrix corresponding to a transform unit for a second size from a first quantization matrix corresponding to a transform unit for a first size, and an inverse quantization section configured to inversely quantize transform coefficient data for the image data using the second quantization matrix generated by the generation section when the selection section selects the transform unit for the second size.

Abstract: A method facilitates training of an automatic facial expression recognition system through distributed anonymization of facial images, thereby allowing people to submit their own facial images without divulging their identities. Original facial images are accessed and perturbed to generate synthesized facial images. Personal identities contained in the original facial images are no longer discernable from the synthesized facial images. At the same time, each synthesized facial image preserves at least part of the emotional expression contained in the corresponding original facial image.

Abstract: A decoding method decodes a bit stream in an image decoding apparatus. The method includes receiving a weight parameter that is added to a luma quantization parameter as the bit stream. The method also includes decoding, in a decoding unit in the image decoding apparatus, the bit stream, and generating a luma component of quantized coefficients and a chroma component of quantized coefficients. Further, the method includes performing, in a dequantization unit in the image decoding apparatus, dequantization on the luma component of quantized coefficients using the luma quantization parameter and the chroma component of quantized coefficients using a chroma quantization parameter calculated on the basis of the luma quantization parameter weighted by an add operation of the weight parameter. In addition, the method includes performing, in a transform unit in the image decoding apparatus, an inverse orthogonal transform.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, a framework is provided in which image decoding can be delayed based on heuristics, and later initiated based on a use type associated with the image or the likelihood that the image is going to be used. For example, a use history and priority system can enable images that are currently being rendered and/or are likely to get rendered to be decoded before images that have a history of being downloaded but never used. Accordingly, by decoupling image download from image decoding, CPU resources and memory can be more efficiently utilized.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes: a rate control section that performs rate control of output data by preferentially deleting lower-level-side coded data, as necessary, from respective pieces of coded data where respective bit-planes with levels higher than a predetermined level of a bit-plane group, in which coefficient data obtained by orthogonally transforming image data is developed in a bit depth direction, are coded; and a synthesizing section that generates the output data by synthesizing the coded data, from which the lower-level-side coded data is preferentially deleted as necessary by the rate control section, and respective bit-planes with levels lower than the predetermined level of the bit-plane group.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a compression unit is provided which may perform compression of images with low latency and relatively little hardware. Similarly, a decompression unit may be provided which may decompress the images with low latency and hardware. In an embodiment, the transmission of compressed coefficients may be performed using less than two passes through the list of coefficients. During the first pass, the most significant coefficients may be transmitted and other significance groups may be identified as linked lists. The linked lists may then be traverse to send the other significance groups. In an embodiment, a color space conversion may be made to permit filtering of fewer color components than might be possible in the source color space.

Abstract: Adjacent blocks are identified in an image. Coding parameters for the adjacent blocks are identified. Deblock filtering between the identified adjacent blocks is skipped if the coding parameters for the identified adjacent blocks are similar and not skipped if the coding parameters for the identified adjacent blocks are substantially different.