Abstract: A method of forming an alkali metal oxide-doped optical fiber by diffusing an alkali metal into a surface of a glass article is disclosed. The silica glass article may be in the form of a tube or a rod, or a collection of tubes or rods. The silica glass article containing the alkali metal, and impurities that may have been unintentionally diffused into the glass article, is etched to a depth sufficient to remove the impurities. The silica glass article may be further processed to form a complete optical fiber preform. The preform, when drawn into an optical fiber, exhibits a low attenuation.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a planar optical waveguide having an optical core and optical cladding next to the optical core. The optical core or cladding includes a plurality of particles therein. Each particle has a nucleus and polymeric molecules permanently bonded to the nucleus to form a shell. A plurality of nuclei are dispersed in said core or cladding.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a radiation curable coating composition comprising a radiation curable oligomer comprising a backbone derived from polypropylene glycol and a dimer acid based polyester polyol, wherein said coating composition, when cured, is having: a) a hardening temperature (Th) of from ?10° C. to about ?20° C. and a modulus measured at said Th of lower than 5.0 MPa; or b) a hardening temperature (Th) of from ?20° C. to about ?30° C. and a modulus measured at said Th of lower than 20.0 MPa; or c) a hardening temperature (Th) of lower than about ?30° C. and a modulus measured at said Th of lower than 70.0 MPa.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic material, particularly for elements in laser systems, and a method for preparing same. The glass-ceramic material may be used for an optical fiber for communication systems and laser systems. The glass-ceramic may include gahnite crystals and optionally ?-quartz-like solid solution, or a petalite-like crystals, spinel, and zirconia crystals. The elements may comprise a host material glass-ceramic, where the glass-ceramic is doped with appropriate ions.

Abstract: A waveguide configuration comprising a core, a first cladding, a second cladding, and a buffer. The core includes an index of refraction and an acoustic shear velocity. The first cladding extends about the core and has an acoustic shear velocity which is less than that of the core and an index of refraction which is less than the core. The second cladding extends about the first cladding. The second cladding has an acoustic shear velocity which is greater than that of the first cladding and less than the acoustic shear velocity of the core. The second cladding has an index of refraction which is less than that of an optical mode. The buffer extends about the second cladding.

Abstract: An optical fiber including: (i) a silica based, Yb doped core having a first index of refraction n1, said core comprising more than 1 wt % of Yb, said core having less than 5 dB/km loss at a wavelength situated between 1150 nm and 1350 nm and less than 20 dB/km loss at the wavelength of 1380 nm and slope efficiency of over 0.8; and (ii) at least one silica based cladding surrounding the core and having a second index of refraction n2, such that n1>n2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phenoxy resin for an optical material obtained by subjecting at least one selected from specific difunctional epoxy resins and at least one selected from specific difunctional phenols to polyaddition reaction, wherein a film comprising the above phenoxy resin has a refractive index of 1.580 or less at 25° C. and a wavelength of 830 nm, a resin composition for an optical material containing the above phenoxy resin, a resin film for an optical material comprising the above resin composition and an optical waveguide produced by using the above resin composition and/or the above resin film.

Abstract: An optical fiber which reduces transmission loss increase even in a high humidity environment or under water is provided. To solve the above issue, an optical fiber according to the present invention comprises a glass optical fiber coated with at least two coating layers, soft and hard layers. The optical fiber is further coated by a colored resin to make a colored optical fiber. The hard layer and the color layer of the colored optical fiber have a free volume radius of at least 0.290 nm according to positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy.

Abstract: This invention provides composite materials comprising nanostructures (e.g., nanowires, branched nanowires, nanotetrapods, nanocrystals, and nanoparticles). Methods and compositions for making such nanocomposites are also provided, as are articles comprising such composites. Waveguides and light concentrators comprising nanostructures (not necessarily as part of a nanocomposite) are additional features of the invention.

Abstract: Optical and optoelectronic articles incorporating an amorphous diamond-like film are disclosed. Specifically, the invention includes optical or optoelectronic articles containing an amorphous diamond-like film overlying two or more proximate substrates, and to methods of making optical and optoelectronic articles. In certain implementations, the film comprises at least about 30 atomic percent carbon, from about 0 to about 50 atomic percent silicon, and from about 0 to about 50 atomic percent oxygen on a hydrogen-free basis. Another embodiment includes optical or optoelectronic articles containing an amorphous diamond-like film that is further coated with a metallic or polymeric material for attachment to a device package.

Abstract: A buffered optical fiber arrangement that includes a buffer tube in which is provided optical fibers and a texturized yarn coated with a water-swellable material. The filament diameter of the yarn used in the present invention may be between about 5 microns and about 100 microns, more preferably between about 10 and about 60 microns, still more preferably between about 20 and about 40 microns. The linear density, or denier in grams per 9000 meters, of the base yarn may be between about 100 and 1000, more preferably between about 200 and 600, or still more preferably between about 250 and 350. The degree of decrease in length (the “degree of texturizing”) between the perfectly straight filaments before texturizing and the texturized filament may be between 1 percent and 90 percent, more preferably between about 2 percent and 50 percent, or still more preferably between about 5 percent and 25 percent.

Abstract: One embodiment includes a connector for an optical pathway. The connector includes a body formed, at least in part, with a temperature sensitive material having one or more light transmission characteristics that change based upon the temperature of the material.

Abstract: Materials transparent to terahertz waves are very limited, and it is difficult to obtain the required performance by selecting the material. Further, it is also difficult to search for a novel material. Therefore, by letting a known material transparent to terahertz waves have a photonic crystal structure and controlling the structure, an optical waveguide having the required properties is provided. An optical waveguide for propagation of far-infrared radiation in the terahertz region, which optical waveguide is made of a fluorinated amorphous polymer. Particularly preferred is a polymer having a fluorinated aliphatic ring structure in its main chain, obtained by cyclopolymerization of a fluorinated monomer having at least two polymerizable double bonds.

Abstract: Photosensitive optical materials are used for establishing more versatile approaches for optical device formation. In some embodiments, unpatterned light is used to shift the index-of-refraction of planar optical structures to shift the index-of-refraction of the photosensitive material to a desired value. This approach can be effective to produce cladding material with a selected index-of-refraction. In additional embodiments gradients in index-of-refraction are formed using photosensitive materials. In further embodiments, the photosensitive materials are patterned within the planar optical structure. Irradiation of the photosensitive material can selectively shift the index-of-refraction of the patterned photosensitive material. By patterning the light used to irradiate the patterned photosensitive material, different optical devices can be selectively activated within the optical structure.

Abstract: This invention pertains to optical fiber transmission networks, and is particularly relevant to transmission of high volume of data and voice traffic among different locations. In particular, the improvement teaches improvements to an optical transport system to allow for efficient and flexible network evolution.

Abstract: A plastic optical fiber (11) has a core (12) and a clad (13). The clad (13) is composed of an outer clad (14) and an inner clad (15). The refractive index in the core (12) gradually increases as the distance from the center thereof decreases. The refractive index in the inner clad (15) is equal to the minimum value of the refractive index in the core (12), and the refractive index in the outer clad (14) is smaller than that in the inner clad (15). For the purpose of decreasing the transmission loss between the plastic optical fiber (11) and a light emission device or the light receiving device, the diameter d1 of the core (12) and the outer diameter d2 of the inner clad (15) satisfy the following conditions; 100(?m)?d1?700(?m) 200(?m)?d1?1000(?m) d1<d2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a curable liquid resin composition which, when cured, exhibits excellent removability from an adjacent coating layer and is suitable for an optical fiber upjacket material. The curable liquid resin optical fiber upjacket composition comprising a urethane (meth)acrylate or a (meth)acrylate oligomer, a reactive diluent, a polymerization initiator, and a polyol compound having a molecular weight of 1500 or more.

Abstract: A waveguide configuration comprising a core, a first cladding, a second cladding, and a buffer. The core includes an index of refraction and an acoustic shear velocity. The first cladding extends about the core and has an acoustic shear velocity which is less than that of the core and an index of refraction which is less than the core. The second cladding extends about the first cladding. The second cladding has an acoustic shear velocity which is greater than that of the first cladding and less than the acoustic shear velocity of the core. The second cladding has an index of refraction which is less than that of an optical mode. The buffer extends about the second cladding.

Abstract: An optical fiber comprising: (i) a silica based passive core having a first index of refraction n1; (ii) a silica based cladding surrounding the core and having a second index of refraction n2, such that n1>n2, said cladding having at least one stress rod and at least one air hole extending longitudinally through the length of said optical fiber; and (iii) wherein said optical fiber supports a single polarization mode or poses polarization maintaining properties within the operating wavelength range.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device incorporates a beam control layer for reducing far field and beam divergence. Within the beam control layer, a physical property of the semiconductor material varies as a function of depth through, the beam control layer, by provision of a first sub-layer in which the property varies gradually from a first level to a second level, and a second sub-layer in which the property varies from said second level to a third level. In the preferred arrangement, the conduction band edge of the semiconductor has a V-shaped profile through the beam control layer.

Abstract: A graded-index multimode fiber includes a core made of silica glass, the core having a central region and an outer peripheral region, and a cladding which is provided at an outer periphery of the core. The central region contains one of germanium and phosphorus, and the outer peripheral region contains fluorine.

Abstract: A pressure sensor including: a deflectable diaphragm including a substantially central boss and channel; and, an optical waveguide having first and second arms, wherein the first arm is substantially aligned with an edge of the boss and the second arm is substantially aligned with an edge of the channel.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical fibre having a coating comprising at least two layers (4, 5). The first layer 91) comprises the reaction product of a first composition containing at least one polyether urethane (meth) acrylate oligomer, a first (meth)acrylate monomer and a second (meth) acrylate monomer. The second layer (2) comprises the reaction product of a second composition containing at lest one first polyether urethane (meth)acrylate oligomer, a second epoxy (meth) acrylate oligomer, a first (meth)acrylate monomer and a second (meth)acrylate monomer. The invention also relates to an optical fibre stripping method comprising a step (a) consisting in supplying the inventive optical fibre (1) and the stripping means, a step (b) consisting in bringing the optical fibre (1) and the stripping means into contact with each other, and a step (c) consisting in moving the fibre and the stripping means in relation to one another.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical fiber enabling signal transmission in a wider band, which is applicable to optical transmission not only in the 1.3 ?m wavelength band but also in the 1.55 ?m wavelength band, as a transmission medium of a WDM optical communication system capable of transmitting signal light of multiple channels. The optical fiber is comprised of silica glass and has a core region along a predetermined axis and a cladding region provided on the outer periphery of the core region. The optical fiber comprising such a structure has, as the following typical optical characteristics, a cable cutoff wavelength of 1260 nm or less, a transmission loss of 0.32 dB/km or less at the wavelength of 1310 nm, and an OH-related loss increase of 0.3 dB/km or less at the wavelength of 1380 nm.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a telecommunications cable having a layer constructed to resist post-extrusion shrinkage. The layer includes a plurality of discrete shrinkage-reduction members embedded within a base material. The shrinkage-reduction members can be made of a liquid crystal polymer. The disclosure also relates to a method for manufacturing telecommunications cables having layers adapted to resist post-extrusion shrinkage.

Abstract: Provided is a method of fabricating a semiconductor optical device for use in a subscriber or a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical communication system, in which a laser diode (LD) and a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) are integrated in a single active layer. The laser diode (LD) and the semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) are optically connected to each other, and electrically insulated from each other by ion injection, whereby light generated from the LD is amplified by the SOA to provide low oscillation start current and high intensity of output light when current is individually injected through each electrode.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the use of a light absorbing wall material to eliminate stray light paths in light-guiding structures, such as those used for HPLC absorbance detection. More specifically, the present invention relates to the use of carbon-doped Teflon® AF, or “black Teflon® AF,” for all or part of the walls of a light-guiding flowcell adapted for use in HPLC absorbance detection.

Abstract: This invention relates to an optical fiber for long period grating (LPG), LPG components, and manufacturing method of LPG used as a mode coupler, an optical filter, etc. The optical fiber for LPG comprises a core layer, a first cladding layer that surrounds said core layer and transmits the cladding modes, and a second cladding layer that surrounds said first cladding layer and confines the optical signal of the cladding mode within said first cladding layer. The LPG component comprises an optical fiber for LPG, a coating reinforcement to cover and reinforce said optical fiber for LPG. The manufacturing method of LPG comprises a step of preparation of an optical fiber, a step of constructing the LPG on a predetermined region in said core of said optical fiber by irradiating laser light on said region over a predetermined period corresponding to the LPG, on the predetermined part of said optical fiber, and a step which covers and reinforces said grating region.

Abstract: An optical planar wavelength selective filter is formed on a printed circuit substrate. Low optical loss polymers are used to make a layered structure that contains waveguides and free travel zones. A diffraction grating is strategically placed on the printed circuit substrate so that light from one waveguide is diffracted by the grating to exit the free travel zone and pass through the other waveguides. The low optical loss polymer is a reaction product of the hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction of organically functionalized alkoxysilanes. With a proper grating, the apparatus can be used as an optical triplexer at frequencies of 1310, 1490, and 1550 nanometers.

Abstract: An optical switch, an optical modulator, and a wavelength variable filter each have a simple configuration, which requires only a low driving voltage, which is independent of polarization, and which can operate at high speed. An optical switch includes a 3-dB coupler placed on an output, a 3-dB coupler placed on an output, and two optical waveguides connecting the input-side 3-dB coupler and the output-side 3-dB coupler together. The optical switch also includes a phase modulating section that applies electric fields to one or both of the two optical waveguides. At least two optical waveguides are a crystal material including KTaxNb1-xO3 (0<x<1) and KxLi1-xTayNb1-yO3 (0<x<1, 0<y<1), or KTaxNb1-xO3 or KxLi1-xTayNb1-yO3.

Abstract: An optical fiber including: (i) a silica based, Yb doped core having a first index of refraction n1, said core comprising more than 1 wt % of Yb, said core having less than 5 dB/km loss at a wavelength situated between 1150 nm and 1350 nm and less than 20 dB/km loss at the wavelength of 1380 nm and slope efficiency of over 0.8; and (ii) at least one silica based cladding surrounding the core and having a second index of refraction n2, such that n1>n2.

Abstract: A sensor includes an optical fiber and coating material surrounding at least a portion of the optical fiber. At least one parameter of the coating material is optimal to minimize normal and shear stresses on the sensor. One material combination includes a sapphire optical fiber and a spinel coating material.

Abstract: A mircrostructured optical fiber that guides light in a core region, where the fiber has a cladding region that includes a background material and a number of cladding features or elements that are elongated in the longitudinal direction of the fiber and have a higher refractive index than the cladding background material. The core region has a lower effective refractive index than the cladding, and the fiber may guide light in the core by photonic bandgap effects.

Abstract: An optical fiber that includes a core containing a first concentration of germanium, an inner cladding arranged on the core, the inner cladding containing a second concentration of germanium and having a first diffusion coefficient, and an outer cladding arranged on the inner cladding, the outer cladding having a second diffusion coefficient, where the first diffusion coefficient is larger than the second diffusion coefficient, and where the first concentration of germanium is about 200% or more of the second concentration of germanium. An optical fiber constructed in this manner can be spliced with an optical fiber having a different MFD, such as a single-mode optical fiber or an erbium-doped optical fiber, with low splice loss and a sufficient splicing strength.

Abstract: The invention provides an optical waveguide material whose refractive index can be tailored without changing the ratio of Ta and Nb. An optical waveguide of this invention comprising an under-clad layer 1 and a core 2 that is formed on the under-clad layer 1 and has a higher refractive index than that of the under-clad layer 1 is shown. For example, KTN (KTa1-xNbxO3) is used as the core 2, and a material that is obtained by substituting at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Hf, and Sn for a portion of one element of the constituent elements of KTN and has the same perovskite type crystal structure as KTN is used as the clad. The refractive index of KTN can be reduced considerably, and this controllability widens the degree of freedom in the design of optical waveguide devices.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition suitable for practical waveguide devices is provided. The photosensitive composition comprises at least one multifunctional acrylate prepared from a fluorinated multifunctional alcohol and at least one photoinitiator. The said composition has high photo contrast, high curing speed, controllable refractive index, low curing shrinkage, high thermo-optic coefficient, low volatility and high viscosity. A waveguide device is formed by patterning the photosensitive composition.

Abstract: The invention discloses a plastic waveguide for guiding terahertz (THz) wave with a wavelength ranging from 30 to 3000 ?m. The plastic waveguide includes a core and a cladding layer. At least part of the core is made of a first plastic medium having a first refractive index, and the maximum length of a cross-section of the core is smaller than the wavelength of the guided terahertz wave. The cladding layer surrounds the core and has a second refractive index lower than the first refractive index. In the invention, only one wave mode is propagated in the plastic waveguide, and a first attenuation constant of the core for the guided terahertz wave is higher than a second attenuation constant of the cladding layer for the guided terahertz wave.

Abstract: Provided is a black matrix light guide screen display. In a particular embodiment, provided are a plurality of aligned light guides, each having an input end, a midsection and a magnifying output end. A black matrix material is disposed adjacent to the light guides proximate to the magnifying output ends. The plurality of aligned light guides are arranged into a plurality of light guide layers, each layer one light guide thick. The magnifying output ends of each layer are aligned in substantially contiguous parallel contact with interposed black spacers to provide substantially the same magnification vertically and horizontally.

Abstract: A resonator for thermo optic devices is formed in the same process steps as a waveguide and is formed in a depression of a lower cladding while the waveguide is formed on a surface of the lower cladding. Since upper surfaces of the resonator and waveguide are substantially coplanar, the aspect ratio, as between the waveguide and resonator in an area where the waveguide and resonator front one another, decreases thereby increasing the bandwidth of the resonator. The depression is formed by photomasking and etching the lower cladding before forming the resonator and waveguide. Pluralities of resonators are also taught that are formed in a plurality of depressions of the lower cladding. To decrease resonator bandwidth, waveguide(s) are formed in the depression(s) of the lower cladding while the resonator is formed on the surface. Thermo optic devices formed with these resonators are also taught.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic material, particularly for elements in laser systems, and a method for preparing same. The glass-ceramic material may be used for an optical fiber for communication systems and laser systems. The glass-ceramic may include gahnite crystals and optionally ?-quartz-like solid solution, or a petalite-like crystals, spinel, and zirconia crystals. The elements may comprise a host material glass-ceramic, where the glass-ceramic is doped with appropriate ions.

Abstract: The invention relates to an asymmetric optical fiber that includes a core and a functional cladding that surrounds substantially half of the core along at least a portion of the fiber. The asymmetric optical fiber may include substantially parallel electrodes disposed on a face of the optical fiber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to optical confinements, methods of preparing and methods of using them for analyzing molecules and/or monitoring chemical reactions. The apparatus and methods embodied in the present invention are particularly useful for high-throughput and low-cost single-molecular analysis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to optical confinements, methods of preparing and methods of using them for analyzing molecules and/or monitoring chemical reactions. The apparatus and methods embodied in the present invention are particularly useful for high-throughout and low-cost single-molecular analysis.

Abstract: An optical phase modulator comprising a plurality of non-polarizing waveguides having a layered stack including a core between at least one layer of cladding material, wherein the core is constructed of electro-optic material(s), wherein the layers of cladding materials having lower indices of refraction than the core for guided mode, wherein the layer of cladding material having higher indices of refraction than the core for non-guided mode, a substrate dimensioned and configured to integrate a plurality of optical components, wherein the optical components include a plurality of non-polarizing waveguide(s), a waveguide having a non-polarizing non-modulating region and a non-polarizing modulating region, coupler/splitter(s), electrode(s), a waveguide configuration including a first non-polarizing waveguide, a second polarizing waveguide and a third waveguide, and at least two optical fiber pigtails where one is coupled to a second and third waveguide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a silica optical waveguide having a clad layer and a core formed from a silica material and a method of fabricating the same and provides a silica optical waveguide in which the position of a core can be easily recognized and a method of manufacturing the same. The waveguide has a lower clad layer formed from silicate glass on a silica substrate, a core formed from silicate glass on the lower clad layer, and an upper clad layer formed of silicate glass on the lower clad layer so as to embed the core. A difference of height is provided on a top surface of the upper clad layer such that a difference between reflections from the position of the core and from other positions can be recognized on the top surface of the upper clad layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical fiber which has a structure for further increasing an FOM (=|dispersion|/loss) and which can be applied to a dispersion compensation module. The optical fiber is mainly composed of silica glass and has a core region including a center of an optical axis, a depressed region surrounding the core region, a ring region surrounding the depressed region, and a cladding region surrounding the ring region and doped with F. As compared with the refractive index of pure silica glass, a relative refractive index difference of the core region is 3% or more but 4% or less, a relative refractive index difference of the depressed region is ?1% or more but ?0.5% or less, a relative refractive index difference of the ring region is 0.01% or more but 0.24% or less, and a relative refractive index difference of the cladding region is ?0.3% or more but ?0.1% or less. The FOM at the wavelength of 1550 nm is 250 ps/nm/dB or more.

Abstract: An optical waveguide comprising a substrate, a lower clad layer on the substrate, a core layer and an upper clad layer, at least one of the lower clad layer, the core layer and the upper clad layer is formed of a cured product of a photo-curable organopolysiloxane composition comprising (A) a (meth)acryloyloxy group-containing organopolysiloxane of the following average compositional formula (1): (CH2?CR1COO(CH2)n)a(Ph)bR2c(R3O)dSiO(4-a-b-c-d)/2??(1) wherein R1 is hydrogen or methyl, R2 is an C1–C8 alkyl or C2–C8 alkenyl group, Ph is phenyl, R3 is hydrogen or an unsubstituted or alkoxy-substituted C1–C4 alkyl group, subscripts a, b, c and d are numbers satisfying: 0.05?a?0.9, 0.1?b?0.9, 0?c?0.2, 0<d?0.5, and 0.8?a+b+c+d?1.5, and n is an integer of 2 to 5, and having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000 as measured by GPC using a polystyrene standard, and (B) a photosensitizer.

Abstract: A higher order mode dispersion compensating fiber includes an optical fiber and a first loss layer which is provided within the fiber and which attenuates a lower order mode propagating through the optical fiber while not attenuating a higher order mode which is higher than the lower order mode. A dispersion compensating fiber mode converter for a higher order fiber includes a single mode fiber; a higher order mode dispersion compensating fiber; and a fused and extended portion which has been formed by fusing and extending the single mode fiber and the higher order mode fiber. The fused and extended portion converts between the LP01 mode of the single mode fiber and the LP02 mode of the higher order mode dispersion compensating fiber.

Abstract: The present invention describes a fluorescent dye doped polymer based optical wave-guide structure. The described polymers can be used to fabricate a range of display elements and illumination systems which work without the use of external electrical power. This is due to the process of the fluorescent dyes absorbing ambient light and then subsequently emitting light which is conducted by the polymer host material to a point where it is emitted. The emitted light can be of a range of colours depending upon the type of dye that polymers are doped with. There is a constant contrast between the light power flux emitted for the wave-guide structure and the light power flux of the ambient light. There is also provided a method in which a dielectric stack mirror layer fabricated on the surface of the polymer which can be used to improve the efficiency and the contrast of those optical elements.

Abstract: Provided is a dispersion-shifted fiber for an optical parametric amplifier. The dispersion-shifted fiber is a silica-based optical fiber and has a large nonlinear coefficient and a small effective area. The dispersion-shifted fiber also reduces a bending loss and a splice loss due to a mode field diameter difference between it and a conventional single mode fiber. For this, the dispersion-shifted fiber comprises a rectangular core with a very small radius and a high refractive index, a depressed inner clad, and an outer clad with a ring. The core and/or the inner clad are/is doped with a heavy metal.