Abstract: Integrated optical component combine the functions of a Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA), a tap coupler, and a photo-detector, reducing the size, cost, and complexity of these functions. In other embodiments, the integrated optical component combines the functions of an optical switch, a tap coupler, and a photo-detector. A rotatable mirror is used to adjust the coupling of light from an input port or ports to one or more output ports. A pin hole with a surrounding reflective surface is used at the core end face of one or more output fibers, such that a portion of the output optical signal is reflected to a photodiode chip. The photo-detector provides an indication of the optical power that is being coupled to the output fiber. With appropriate electronic control circuitry, the integrated optical component can be used to set the output optical power at a desired or required level.

Abstract: An optical system for transmitting a source image is provided. Light having a field angle spectrum emanates from the source image. The optical system includes an optical waveguide arrangement, in which light can propagate by total internal reflection. The optical system also includes a diffractive optical input coupling arrangement for coupling the light emanating from the source image into the optical waveguide arrangement. The optical system further includes a diffractive optical output coupling arrangement for coupling the light that has propagated in the optical waveguide arrangement out from the optical waveguide arrangement. The disclosure also provides related methods.

Abstract: In a biaxial optical deflector, multiple mirror units are arranged in an array. Each of the mirror units includes one mirror and one mirror driver coupled to said mirror for rocking the mirror.

Abstract: An imaging system having four image sensors comprises a first dichroic filter, a second dichroic filter, and a third dichroic filter. The first dichroic filter reflects light having a first wavelength band and a second wavelength band toward a second dichroic filter, and transmits light having a third wavelength band and a fourth wavelength band toward the third dichroic filter. The second dichroic filter reflects light having the first wavelength band toward the first image sensor, and transmits light having the second wavelength band toward the second image sensor. The third dichroic filter reflects light having the third wavelength band toward the third image sensor, and transmits light having the fourth wavelength band toward the fourth image sensor. The first dichroic filter, the second dichroic filter, and the third dichroic filter are included in an integrated part.

Abstract: A method in an optical Wavelength Selective Switch, WSS, for multidirectional switching of optical signals. The optical WSS comprises a reflective element, a first tributary port and a second tributary port. The optical WSS switches (304) an optical signal between the first tributary port and the second tributary port with the reflective element.

Abstract: A waveguide corner structure includes a plate on which mirrors are formed; and a waveguide member including waveguide cores and holes, each of the holes being drilled in a portion replacing an angular bent portion of corresponding waveguide cores. The plate is mounted on the waveguide member so that each of the mirrors is inserted in corresponding one of the holes for a change of a direction of a light beam at the portion of corresponding waveguide cores.

Abstract: A method for calibrating an optical scanner device implemented by a calibration management apparatus, includes providing instructions to the optical scanner device to scan a calibration surface in a scan pattern based on one or more scan parameters, wherein the one or more scan parameters vary over the scan pattern. The scanning angle for each of the plurality of points in the scan pattern is computed based on an obtained image of a light source emitted from the optical scanner device at a scanning angle for a plurality of points in the scan pattern. A calibration relationship between the computed scanning angles and the corresponding scan parameters is determined for each of the plurality of points in the scan pattern.

Abstract: A photonic neural component including optical transmitters, optical receivers, inter-node waveguides formed on a board, multiplexers configured to multiplex input optical signals onto the inter-node waveguides, transmitting waveguides configured to receive optical signals emitted from the optical transmitters and transmit the received optical signals to the inter-node waveguides via the multiplexers, mirrors to partially reflect optical signals propagating on the inter-node waveguides, receiving waveguides configured to receive reflected optical signals produced by the mirrors and transmit the reflected optical signals to the optical receivers, and filters configured to apply weights to the reflected optical signals. The transmitting waveguides and receiving waveguides are formed on the board such that one of the transmitting waveguides and one of the receiving waveguides crosses one of the inter-node waveguides with a core of one of the crossing waveguides passing through a core or clad of the other.

Abstract: A photonic neural component includes optical transmitters, optical receivers, inter-node waveguides formed on a board, transmitting waveguides configured to receive optical signals emitted from the optical transmitters and transmit the received optical signals to the inter-node waveguides, mirrors to partially reflect optical signals propagating on the inter-node waveguides, receiving waveguides configured to receive reflected optical signals produced by the mirrors and transmit the reflected optical signals to the optical receivers, and filters configured to apply weights to the reflected optical signals. The transmitting waveguides and receiving waveguides are formed on the board such that one of the transmitting waveguides and one of the receiving waveguides crosses one of the inter-node waveguides with a core of one of the crossing waveguides passing through a core or clad of the other.

Abstract: A mirror device includes a mirror, an actuator tilting the mirror, a first hinge coupling the mirror to the actuator, a base, a second hinge coupling the mirror to the base, a movable comb electrode coupled to the mirror, and a fixed comb electrode fixed to the base. The actuator is controlled based on a capacitance between the movable comb electrode and the fixed comb electrode. The movable comb electrode is disposed on a portion of the mirror closer to the second hinge than to the first hinge.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates beyond 4th-generation (4G) communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). The present disclosure relates to channel information feedback in a wireless communication system, and an operation method of a receiving node includes: determining compressed channel information based on an eigenvalue decomposition of a covariance matrix regarding a channel, and transmitting, to a transmitting node, a direction index and a magnitude index representing the compressed channel information. Herein, a dimension of the compressed channel information is lower than a dimension of channel information associated with the transmitting node. Also, the disclosure includes other embodiments, different from the above described embodiment.

Abstract: A switching system includes a MEMS switching circuit having a MEMS switch and a driver circuit, and an auxiliary circuit coupled in parallel with the MEMS switching circuit that comprises solid state switching circuitry. A control circuit in communication with the MEMS switching circuit and the auxiliary circuit performs selective switching of a load current towards the MEMS switching circuitry and the auxiliary circuit, with the control circuit programmed to transmit a control signal to the driver circuit to cause the MEMS switch to actuate to an open or closed position across a switching interval, activate the auxiliary circuit during the switching interval when the MEMS switch is switching between the open and closed positions, and deactivate the auxiliary circuit upon reaching the open or closed position after completion of the switching interval, such that the load current selectively flows through the MEMS switch and the solid state switching circuitry.

Abstract: A photonic neural component including optical transmitters, optical receivers, inter-node waveguides formed on a board, multiplexers configured to multiplex input optical signals onto the inter-node waveguides, transmitting waveguides configured to receive optical signals emitted from the optical transmitters and transmit the received optical signals to the inter-node waveguides via the multiplexers, mirrors to partially reflect optical signals propagating on the inter-node waveguides, receiving waveguides configured to receive reflected optical signals produced by the mirrors and transmit the reflected optical signals to the optical receivers, and filters configured to apply weights to the reflected optical signals. The transmitting waveguides and receiving waveguides are formed on the board such that one of the transmitting waveguides and one of the receiving waveguides crosses one of the inter-node waveguides with a core of one of the crossing waveguides passing through a core or clad of the other.

Abstract: A wavelength selective switch (WSS) includes a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) panel and a fiber array with multiple ports. The two outermost ports of the multiple ports are a first port and a second port. An included angle between an intersecting line of the LCOS panel and a first plane in which the incident light entering the LCOS panel and emergent light exiting the LCOS panel are located, and incident light entering the LCOS panel is (90??) degrees, where a wavelength of the incident light is same as a wavelength of the emergent light, ? is less than 15 degrees, the first port and the included angle of (90??) degrees are located on a same side of the incident light, and the second port and the included angle of (90??) degrees are separately located on two sides of the incident light.

Abstract: A method may include receiving, by a switching engine, an optical signal that includes a channel. The method may include applying, by the switching engine, a first beam steering grating to direct a first portion of the channel to a first output port. The method may include applying, by the switching engine, one or more second beam steering gratings to direct at least one of a second portion of the channel to a second output port, or a third portion of the channel to a photodetector. The third portion may be approximately less, in power, than 10 percent of the channel.

Abstract: An optical device is equipped with an input/output module having at least one optical fiber, a movable mirror which deflects, toward the input/output module, light that is received from the input/output module, and a lens which couples the input/output module and the deflection unit to each other optically and has a focal length that is greater than or equal to 2.0 mm and shorter than 3.5 mm. A dispersion index ? of the optical device that is given by an equation: ?={n(1.45)?1}/{n(1.2)?n(1.7)} where n(1.45), n(1.2), and n(1.7) are refractive indices of a glass material of the lens at wavelengths 1.45 ?m, 1.2 ?m, and 1.7 ?m, respectively, is larger than or equal to 100. The wavelength dependence of an optical characteristic of this optical device is weaker than that of conventional optical devices.

Abstract: A vibration damping system comprises a vibration applying device mounted on a frame and a control device that controls the vibration applying device, the control device comprising a voltage command producing part that produces a driving voltage command to drive the vibration applying device and a vibration failure diagnosis part that diagnoses whether there is failure based on a vibration detection signal output by a vibration detecting device, wherein the voltage command producing part produces the driving voltage command corresponding to a diagnosis frequency that is previously set at a frequency identical to a resonance frequency of the frame or the vibration applying device or at a predetermined frequency close to the resonance frequency and makes the vibration applying device generate the vibration applying force according to the driving voltage command, and the vibration failure diagnosis part diagnoses whether there is failure based on the vibration detection signal.

Abstract: A system and method for tuning and infrared source laser in the Mid-IR wavelength range. The system and method comprising, at least, a plurality of individually tunable emitters, each emitter emitting a beam having a unique wavelength, a grating, a mirror positioned after the grating to receive at least one refracted order of light of at least one beam and to redirect the beam back towards the grating, and a micro-electro-mechanical systems device containing a plurality of adjustable micro-mirrors.

Abstract: A spectrometer includes a light source that emits a beam into a sample volume comprising an absorbing medium. Thereafter, at least one detector detects at least a portion of the beam emitted by the light source. It is later determined, based on the detected at least a portion of the beam and by a controller, that a position and/or an angle of the beam should be changed. The beam emitted by the light source is then actively steered by an actuation element under control of the controller. In addition, a concentration of the absorbing media can be quantified or otherwise calculated (using the controller or optionally a different processor that can be local or remote). The actuation element(s) can be coupled to one or more of the light source, a detector or detectors, and a reflector or reflectors intermediate the light source and the detector(s).

Abstract: A MEMS structure includes a planar substrate, a support body coupled to the planar substrate, a fixed electrode coupled to the planar substrate and a moveable portion. The movable portion is spaced from and faces the fixed electrode. The movable electrode includes a movable weight and an intermediate frame surrounding an outer edge of the movable weight. A plurality of elastic supports connect the movable weight to the intermediate frame. The elastic supports are elastically deformable in a first direction extending parallel to the plane of the substrate such that the movable weight can move in the first direction. At least one torsion bar pivotally connects one end of the intermediate frame to the support body so as to allow the intermediate frame, and with it the movable weight, to pivot around an axis which extends parallel to the plane of the substrate and perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: An optical signal transmission apparatus (1) for a rotating antenna comprising a plurality of optical modulators (6) arranged for receiving a respective plurality of analog RF signals (5) and for modulating a respective plurality of optical signals therewith to produce a plurality of modulated analog optical signals (8). A plurality of opto-electrical converters (14) each converts a respective modulated analog optical signal (13) into an analog electrical signal. The plurality of optical modulators (6) are rotationally coupled in optical communication with the plurality of opto-electrical converters (14) via an optical rotary joint (10) including a reversion prism.

Abstract: Provided is a variable optical attenuator, including a pigtail, a spacer, a lens and a cap. The pigtail has a first waveguide and a second waveguide. The first waveguide transmits incident light, and the second waveguide receives the returned light. The pigtail is attached to one side of the space, and the lens is attached to another side of the space. Moreover, the cap includes a hollow portion, a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion. The lens is placed inside the hollow portion, and the space is connected to the first connecting portion of the cap.

Abstract: In a light emitting device, a second electrode is provided over a ridge portion having a constant width in a plan view, a second cladding layer includes an electrical connection region electrically connected to the second electrode, the active layer constitutes a light waveguide through which light is guided in a region overlapping the ridge portion in the plan view, the light waveguide is provided with a first light emission surface and a second light emission surface from which the light is emitted, and, in the plan view, a width of the electrical connection region at a central position equidistant from the first light emission surface and the second light emission surface is smaller than a width of an end of the electrical connection region in an extending direction of the light waveguide.

Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) mirror array can include pre-tilted mirrors. In some implementations, a MEMS mirror array includes a set of first MEMS mirrors supported by a mounting surface of one or more first substrates, and a set of exterior MEMS mirrors supported by a mounting surface of one or more exterior substrates. The one or more exterior substrates can be disposed along at least one edge of an exterior perimeter of at least one of the first substrates. The mounting surface of the one or more exterior substrates can be arranged to cause a plane of each exterior MEMS mirror to be at a non-zero angle with respect to each first MEMS mirror. The one or more first substrates and the one or more exterior substrates can be supported by a common substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wavelength-tunable laser, which can tune an oscillating laser wavelength and can be manufactured in a small size, comprising: a laser diode chip (100) for emitting a laser beam; a partial reflection mirror (500) for optical feedback, which partially reflects the beam emitted from the laser diode chip (100) so as to enable the reflected beam to be fed back to the laser diode chip (100); a collimation lens (200) provided on an optical path between the laser diode chip (100) and the partial reflection mirror (500) for optical feedback so as to collimate the beam emitted from the laser diode chip (100); a wavelength-tunable selective filter (300) for converting the wavelength transmitted according to the temperature; a phase compensator (350) of which a refractive index is changed according to the temperature and which offsets a change in the refractive index according to the temperature of the semiconductor laser diode chip (100) or the wavelength-tunable selective filter (300)

Abstract: Some novel features pertain to a device that includes a first integrated device package and a second integrated device package. The first integrated device package includes a first package substrate, a first integrated device, and a first configurable optical transmitter. The first configurable optical transmitter is configured to be in communication with the first integrated device. The first configurable optical transmitter is configured to transmit an optical beam at a configurable angle. The first configurable optical transmitter includes an optical beam source, an optical beam splitter, and a set of phase shifters coupled to the optical beam splitter. The set of phase shifters is configured to enable the angle at which the optical beam is transmitted. The second integrated device package includes a second package substrate, a second integrated device, and a first optical receiver configured to receive the optical beam from the first configurable optical transmitter.

Abstract: A wavelength selective switch is configured to demultiplex WDM light input from an input side for each wavelength, to supply the demultiplexed signal lights to deflectors corresponding to the demultiplexed wavelength, and to control the deflector to selectively output the demultiplexed signal lights to an output side, in which monitor light having at least a wavelength included in the WDM light is input to the wavelength selective switch from the output side of the wavelength selective switch, and the monitor light input from the output side of the wavelength selective switch is monitored, the monitor light being propagated in a direction opposite to a propagation direction of the signal lights each having the demultiplexed wavelength in the wavelength selective switch and being output to the input side of the wavelength selective switch.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical path processing method and apparatus. The apparatus includes an FA, an LA, an aspheric lens, a filter, and a reflector, where the FA includes a test optical channel, where the test optical channel is configured to receive test light, and enable the test light to be incident through the LA and the aspheric lens to a surface of the filter; the filter is located between the aspheric lens and the reflector, and is configured to perform transmission on the test light; and the reflector is at a distance of less than or equal to a first preset value away from a focus of light transmitted through the aspheric lens, and is configured to reflect, at a preset angle, the test light transmitted through the filter to a specular surface of the reflector.

Abstract: An optical transmission module in which optical axis adjustment is possible in a wide range and with a high accuracy, and a method of manufacturing the optical transmission module are provided. An optical transmission module includes a light source that outputs light, a mirror that reflects the light output by the light source, a lever on which the mirror is arranged and that has a fulcrum, a lens that converges the light reflected by the mirror, and a waveguide that transfers the light converged by the lens, with a core having a section width smaller than a wavelength in vacuum of the light.

Abstract: An electro-optically coupled switch includes first and second waveguides which are aligned in parallel to each other, with a thin, flat layer of cross-coupling material sandwiched therebetween. A voltage source is provided to establish a strong uniform electric field that is oriented perpendicular across the entire layer of cross-coupling material between the waveguides. Incorporated with the voltage source is a switch for changing the electric field, to thereby alter the refractive index of the cross-coupling material for transferring the transmission of an optical signal from one waveguide to the other.

Abstract: Devices such as electronic book readers, televisions, and so forth use displays to present information to users. Described herein are devices and methods for dynamically adjusting illumination, waveforms used to generate the image, presentation of the information, or a combination thereof based on one or more of ambient light level, display illumination level, and so forth.

Abstract: Mechanical apparatus includes a base, a moving element, and a hinge, having a first end attached to the moving element. A supporting structure is attached to the base and to the second end of the hinge and has at least a component perpendicular to the hinge so as to translate rotation of the moving element about the hinge into elongation of the component, whereby the moving element rotates about the hinge relative to the base while the supporting structure is deformed as a result of the rotation of the moving element about the hinge. A strain-based rotation sensor is associated with the supporting structure and is configured to provide a signal indicative of the rotation of the moving element responsively to a strain induced due to deformation of the supporting structure as the result of the rotation of the moving element.

Abstract: A wavelength selection switch (1) equipped with: an input/output unit (10) having multiple input/output ports that input/output signal light; a light-collecting mirror (14) arranged in the light path of the signal light from the input/output unit; a dispersion element (13) having a dispersion part and a non-dispersion part that does not have a dispersion effect; and multiple deflection elements (16) arranged in the direction in which the signal light is dispersed. The light-collecting mirror (14) causes the signal light from the input/output unit (10) to enter the dispersion part of the dispersion element (13), and the light that is dispersed by the dispersion element (13) is collected in the deflection elements (16) through the non-dispersion part of the dispersion element (13). Furthermore, the deflection elements (16) deflect the collected light such that the light is emitted from a prescribed input/output port of the multiple input/output ports.

Abstract: An optical switch is configured in a “dual-ganged” switch geometry to provide for the simultaneous switching of a selected transmit/receive pair of optical signal paths between a specific optical communication device and an optical communication network. A biaxially-symmetric signal redirection component may be used to direct the signals between the selected channel and the optical communication device. A specific waveguide (e.g., fiber) array topology within the dual-ganged switch (DGS) breaks the symmetry between the network transmit/receive arrays and a pair of transmit and receive signal paths associated with the communication device to improve isolation and minimize the possibility of cross-talk between non-selected waveguides in the transmit and receive arrays. The possibility of “hits” during switching between channels can be eliminated, and is controlled by dictating the process or switching steps used to rotate the biaxially-symmetric signal redirection element.

Abstract: The invention relates to an MEMS structure with a stack made of different layers and a spring-and-mass system varying in its thickness which is formed of the stack, and wherein, starting from a back side of the stack and the substrate, at laterally different positions, the substrate while leaving the first semiconductor layer, or the substrate, the first etch-stop layer and the first semiconductor layer are removed, and to a method for manufacturing such a structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) scanner, and more particularly, to an MEMS scanner for implementing stable driving while increasing a driving angle between a fixed electrode and a driving electrode using an MEMS process. The MEMs scanner comprises a lower frame, a pair of upper frames, a pair of levers, a pair of fixed electrode portions, and a driving electrode portion.

Abstract: An optical scanner apparatus includes first and second torsion beams which support a mirror support portion supporting a mirror from both sides in an axial direction; first and second horizontal driving beams configured to include first and second horizontal driving sources, respectively, a connecting beam; a first piezo-electric sensor; first and second sensor interconnects connected to one of and the other of an upper electrode and a lower electrode of the first piezo-electric sensor, respectively, the first sensor interconnect and the second sensor interconnect being formed to extend toward the first horizontal driving beam and the second horizontal driving beam, respectively.

Abstract: A micro movable device includes: a micro movable substrate including a micro movable unit, the micro movable unit including a frame section, a movable section, and a coupling section which couples the frame section and the movable section to each other; a support base; a first spacer and a second spacer which are provided between the frame section of the micro movable substrate and the base, the first and second spacers joining the frame section and the base to each other; and a fixation member provided between the frame section of the micro movable substrate and the base, the fixation member including a spacer portion which joins the frame section and the base to each other and an adhesive portion which covers the spacer portion and joins the frame section and the base to each other, the fixation member being provided between the first and second spacers.

Abstract: An optical diffraction grating includes a substantially transparent grating substrate which has substantially flat first and second surfaces, and a set of grating lines on the first surface characterized by a grating spacing ?. The grating substrate has a temperature-dependent refractive index nsub and is immersed in a medium having a temperature-dependent refractive index nmed. The first and second substrate surfaces are non-parallel and form a dihedral angle ?. The gratings lines are substantially perpendicular to a plane of incidence defined by surface-normal vectors of the first and second surfaces. Variation of a diffraction angle ?d? with temperature, exhibited by the optical diffraction grating at a design wavelength ? and at a design incidence angle ?in in the plane of incidence, is less than that variation exhibited by a reference diffraction grating that has parallel first and second substrate surfaces but is otherwise identical to the optical diffraction grating.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus including a first communication interface for individually communicating with a plurality of communication terminals without involvement of a public network and a second communication interface for communicating with involvement of a public network, wherein the apparatus provides services, via the first communication interface or via the first communication interface and the second communication interface, to a plurality of communication terminals that perform communication via the first communication interface, manages information regarding a communication interface used by each service and information regarding the service provided, and controls communication performed with the first and the second communication interfaces based on the managed information.

Abstract: An endoscopic illumination system for illuminating a subject for stereoscopic image capture, the illumination system includes a light source which outputs multi-spectral light; first and second light paths configured to transmit the multi-spectral light; and a digital mirror array (DMA) which receives the multi-spectral light and directs the multi-spectral light to a selected one of the first and second light paths. A controller controls the DMA to direct the multi-spectral light to the selected light path in accordance with a time-multiplexing scheme; and/or first and second complementary multiband bandpass filters (CMBF). The first CMBF may be situated in the first light path and the second CMBF may be situated in the second light path, where the first and second CMBFs filter the multi-spectral light incident thereupon to output filtered light.

Abstract: A MEMS micro-mirror device includes, a single package; a first mirror and second mirror, wherein at least one of the mirrors is configured to oscillate along an oscillation axis; wherein both mirrors are located within the single package and are arranged such that as the at least one mirror oscillates, the light incident on the first micro-mirror can be deflected to the second mirror.

Abstract: A wavelength selective switch includes an input port and an output port, a wavelength demultiplexer that demultiplexes wavelength-multiplexed signal light into wavelengths in different optical paths, an optical-path controller that controls an array that has a plurality of switch elements, the plurality of switch elements switching all or a part of the wavelengths to be coupled from the input port to the output port, and an actuator driver that shifts the plurality of switch elements, based on a deviation of a center wavelength of a pass band from a reference wavelength.

Abstract: An optical die probe wafer testing circuit arrangement and associated testing methodology are described for mounting a production test die (157) and surrounding scribe grid (156) to a test head (155) which is positioned over a wafer (160) in alignment with a die under test (163) and surrounding scribe grid (161, 165), such that one or more optical deflection mirrors (152, 154) in the test head scribe grid (156) are aligned with one or more optical deflection mirrors (162, 164) in the scribe grid (161, 165) for the die under test (163) to enable optical die probe testing on the die under test (163) by directing a first optical test signal (158) from the production test die (157), through the first and second optical deflection mirrors (e.g., 152, 162) and to the first die.

Abstract: A configurable wavelength-selective cross-connect (WSXC) device having an array of optical ports in which at least some of the ports are configurable to operate as common ports or as plural ports. The configurable WSXC device includes a MEMS mirror array whose mirrors are tiltable in a manner that enables, e.g., reconfigurations of the configurable WSXC device that result in a change of the number of common ports therein. In one possible configuration, the configurable WSXC device can operate as 1×M1 wavelength-selective switch, where M1+1?P, and P is the total number of optical ports in the array of optical ports. In another possible configuration, the configurable WSXC device can operate as a bank of n 1×M2 wavelength-selective switches, where n is a positive integer greater than one, and n(M2+1)?P.

Abstract: Wavefront synthesizers and optical switches implemented with wavefront synthesizers are disclosed. In one aspect, a wavefront synthesizer includes a waveguide tree composed a root waveguide that branches into at least two terminus waveguides. The root waveguide is integrated with a source to inject light into the waveguide tree via the root waveguide. The synthesizer includes output couplers located at the ends of the terminus waveguides. Each output coupler outputs a wavefront associated with a portion of the light injected with at least two of the wavefronts overlapping to form at least one beam of light via constructive interference. The synthesizer also includes microring resonators disposed adjacent to the terminus waveguides. Each microring is independently tunable to apply a phase shift in the wavefront output from one of the output couplers to steer the direction of the beam and the at least two wavefronts.

Abstract: An optoelectronic packaging assembly having an optical interposer and a method of same. The assembly includes a photonic and/or optoelectronic device; a planar optical interposer coupled to the photonic and/or optoelectronic device on a first side of the optical interposer and including an optical transmission element on a second side opposite to the first side; a deflecting element; and at least one optical waveguide on the first side, in-plane with the optical interposer. The waveguide is coupled at one end to the photonic and/or optoelectronic device and at another end to the deflecting element. The deflecting element is configured to enable optical transmission between the waveguide and the optical transmission element through the optical interposer. The optical interposer includes a material allowing for optical transmission between the deflecting element and the optical transmission element.

Abstract: An optical circuit switch and method. A first mirror element rotates about orthogonal axes in response to first and second voltages applied respectively to first and second electrodes. A second mirror element rotates about orthogonal axes in response to third and fourth voltages applied respectively to the third and fourth electrodes. A controller may apply first through fourth voltages respectively to the first through fourth electrodes to make a connection between first and second ports. When an initial insertion loss of the connection does not exceed a predetermined threshold, the controller may conduct independent single-dimension searches to determine values for the first through fourth voltages that minimize the insertion loss. When the initial insertion loss exceeds the predetermined threshold, the controller may conduct a four-dimensional search to determine values for the first through fourth voltages that reduce the insertion loss to not exceed the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A fast modular port switching device is described. The device can be used with an optical microscope to facilitate using multiple devices with the microscope. The port switching is done with a galvanometer for switching very fast. The device is modular so it can be combined with any number of similar devices for building a complex, multi-modal imaging system. Also described is the combination of a port switcher with automated spherical aberration correction. Even further described is a similar device where the outputs are recombined, thus making the device a fast filter switcher.

Abstract: An optical communication system includes a plurality of wavelength selective switches arranged on an optical network; and an optical network management apparatus configured to manage and control the optical network. In response to a path establishing request, the optical network management apparatus determines power consumption of each path that satisfies the path establishing request in the optical network based upon a wavelength being used at a connection port of each of the wavelength selective switches, selects a route based upon the determined power consumption of each of the path, and sets the selected route in the optical network.