Abstract: An optical device includes a first waveguide that includes a plurality of first portions coupled with regions doped with first dopants, and a plurality of second portions coupled with regions doped with second dopants, distinct from the first dopants, the plurality of first portions being interleaved with the plurality of second portions. And the optical device includes a second waveguide located adjacent to the first waveguide for coupling light from the first waveguide to the second waveguide. The second waveguide includes a third portion coupled with a third region doped with the first dopants and a fourth portion coupled with a fourth region doped with the second dopants, wherein the first portion is located adjacent to the third portion and the second portion is located adjacent to the fourth portion.

Abstract: Optical waveguides and couplers for delivering light to an array of photonic elements in a photonic integrated device. The photonic integrated device and related instruments and systems may be used to analyze samples in parallel. The photonic integrated device may include a grating coupler configured to receive light from an external light source and optically couple with multiple waveguides configured to optically couple with sample wells of the photonic integrated device.

Abstract: A compact, low-loss and wavelength insensitive Y-junction for submicron silicon waveguides. The design was performed using FDTD and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The device was fabricated in a 248 nm CMOS line. Measured average insertion loss is 0.28±0.02 dB across an 8-inch wafer. The device footprint is less than 1.2 ?m×2 ?m, orders of magnitude smaller than MMI and directional couplers.

Abstract: A beam steering device includes an optical waveguide configured to split input light into a plurality of split light along a plurality of paths and output the plurality of split light to a plurality of output terminals which are aperiodically arranged, a plurality of phase shifters provided in the plurality of paths, wherein at least two phase shifters among the plurality of phase shifters have different phase delay length, and a signal input unit configured to supply a uniform signal to each of the plurality of phase shifters.

Abstract: A multimode interference (MMI) coupler with an MMI region of curved edges, and a method of design and manufacturing by using a computerized optimization algorithm to determine a favorable set of segment widths for the MMI region for a predefined set of coupler design parameters.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an illumination device (1210) of a vehicle which is operated at least partially by human power, having at least one light guide element (1220) and one mounting device which is adapted to accommodate an external light source in such a manner that the light which is emitted by the light source can be fed at least partially into the light guide element (1220) and can exit from the light guide element (1220) in such a manner that the emerging light can serve as illumination for the vehicle which is operated at least partially by human power. The present invention further comprises a method for controlling the illumination device of vehicles which are operated at least partially by human power, and trailers thereof, and also an application for controlling the illumination device of vehicles which are operated at least partially by human power, and trailers thereof.

Abstract: The present application discloses an optical switch, including a first optical waveguide, a second optical waveguide, and a first heater, where a place at which a distance between the first optical waveguide and the second optical waveguide is the smallest is a junction; the first heater is adjacent to the third optical sub-waveguide; and there is a first dielectric material between the first heater and the third optical sub-waveguide, and there is a second dielectric material between the third optical sub-waveguide and the fourth optical sub-waveguide, where a thermal conductivity of the first dielectric material is greater than a thermal conductivity of the second dielectric material. The optical switch has advantages such as high heating efficiency, a small quantity of heaters, and simple control.

Abstract: A multimode interference (MMI) coupler with an MMI region of curved edges, and a method of design and manufacturing by using a computerized optimization algorithm to determine a favorable set of segment widths for the MMI region for a predefined set of coupler design parameters.

Abstract: A multimode interference (MMI) coupler with an MMI region of curved edges, and a method of design and manufacturing by using a computerized optimization algorithm to determine a favorable set of segment widths for the MMI region for a predefined set of coupler design parameters.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a treatment device and corresponding treatment method for laser wound healing, the device and method making use of the simultaneous action of multiple laser types and laser wavelengths which are applied at human tissue. The treatment device generally includes a laser system and a hand-piece which is coupled to the laser system. The hand-piece is designed so that one or multiple laser beams are applied at relatively small spot and at a relatively high power level, and are surrounded by a relatively large spot of another laser beam with a relatively low power level. In a preferred implementation, the hand-piece is adapted to facilitate the emission of first and second laser beams together with a third laser beam which is delivered at a different spatial profile in comparison to the first and second laser beams.

Abstract: A reflective structure includes an input/output port and an optical splitter coupled to the input/output port. The optical splitter has a first branch and a second branch. The reflective structure also includes a first resonant cavity optically coupled to the first branch of the optical splitter. The first resonant cavity comprises a first set of reflectors and a first waveguide region disposed between the first set of reflectors. The reflective structures further includes a second resonant cavity optically coupled to the second branch of the optical splitter. The second resonant cavity comprises a second set of reflectors and a second waveguide region disposed between the second set of reflectors.

Abstract: A vehicular lamp includes a light emitter, a first light guide, and a second light guide. The first light guide has a first incident surface, a first light guiding portion that guides the entering light, a first light emission surface that emits light guided by the first light guiding portion, and a first reflecting surface that reflects the light guided by the first light guiding portion in a direction toward the second light guide. The second light guide has a second light emission surface that emits light that enters the second light guide after being reflected by the first reflecting surface, and a second reflecting surface that reflects the light that enters the second light guide after being reflected by the first reflecting surface toward the second light emission surface.

Abstract: A heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) writer is described. The HAMR writer is coupled with a laser that provides energy having a first polarization state. The HAMR writer has an air-bearing surface (ABS) configured to reside in proximity to a media during use, a plurality of waveguides, a main pole and at least one coil. The main pole writes to the media and is energized by the coil(s). The waveguides receive the energy from the laser and direct the energy toward the ABS. The waveguides include an input waveguide and an output waveguide. The input waveguide is configured to carry light having the first polarization state. The output waveguide is configured to carry light having a second polarization state different from the first polarization state. The waveguides are optically coupled and configured to transfer the energy from the first polarization state to the second polarization state.

Abstract: A light consolidation assembly for attaching to a light pipe includes a housing having therein at least a first light source configured to generate a first light and a second light source configured to generate a different, second light. The light consolidation assembly also includes a light consolidator having a body including a light entry end coupled to the housing and a light exit end. The light entry end has multiple spaced-apart branches that converge into a stem that extends from the multiple branches to the light exit end. The light consolidator is configured to receive the first and second lights into respective first and second branches of the multiple branches. The first and second lights are directed into the stem and exit the light consolidator at the light exit end for transmission through a light pipe disposed at the light exit end of the light consolidator.

Abstract: A low loss optical crossing and a method of making an optical crossing in a photonic integrated circuit.

Abstract: In order to provide an optical modulator capable of suppressing generation of mode mismatching light in the Y-multiplexer in the MZ-type waveguide or mixing of the mode mismatching light with the radiation-mode light or the output light, and separately extracting output light and radiation-mode light, there is provided an optical modulator having a Mach-Zehnder type waveguide on a surface of a dielectric substrate, wherein a waveguide after multiplexing in a Y-multiplexer in an output side of the Mach-Zehnder type waveguide is a multiple mode waveguide 2, a subsidiary output waveguide as a high-order mode waveguide 2 is connected to a portion where the multiple mode waveguide is changed to a main output waveguide 3 as a single mode waveguide, and the multiple mode waveguide 2 has a length equal to or longer than 150 ?m.

Abstract: An optical waveguide lens includes a base, a Y type waveguide, a polarized grating. The Y type waveguide has a first gate, a second gate and a third gate. The first gate is located on one edge of the base, the second gate and the third gate are located on an opposite edge of the base. The polarized grating is formed on the Y type waveguide and adjacent to the first gate of the Y type waveguide.

Abstract: A fiber optic cassette includes a body defining a front and an opposite rear. A cable entry location, such as a multi-fiber connector, is defined on the body for a cable to enter the cassette, wherein a plurality of optical fibers from the cable extend into the cassette and form terminations at one or more single or multi-fiber connectors adjacent the front of the body. A flexible substrate is positioned between the cable entry location and the connectors adjacent the front of the body, the flexible substrate rigidly supporting the plurality of optical fibers. Each of the connectors adjacent the front of the body includes a ferrule. Dark fibers can be provided if not all fiber locations are used in the multi-fiber connectors. Multiple flexible substrates can be used with one or more multi-fiber connectors.

Abstract: A fiber optic network device for optically coupling a fiber optic distribution cable with a fiber optic drop cables is disclosed. Disposed within the fiber optic network device is a plurality of optical fibers optically coupled to the distribution cable. A plurality of ports opens into the fiber optic network device. Predetermined ones of the plurality of ports are operable for optically coupling respective predetermined ones of the plurality of optical fibers each to at least one drop cable external to the fiber optic network device. At least one of the predetermined ones of the plurality of ports is a pass-through port operable for optically coupling at least one of the respective pre-determined ones of the plurality of optical fibers to the at least one drop cable through another fiber optic network device.

Abstract: An optical circulator includes a first optical isolator including a first port and a second port and a plurality of optical isolators coupled to the second port of the first optical isolator. Each of the plurality of optical isolators comprise a first port and a second port.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an optical coupler comprises a substrate, and first and second optical waveguides positioned on the substrate. The second optical waveguide extends adjacent to and parallel with the first optical waveguide for at least one effective coupling length, the at least one length having a first end and a second end. The coupler further comprises a first phase shift section forming a portion of the first optical waveguide and located at a first predetermined distance from the first end of the length, and a second phase shift section forming a portion of the second optical waveguide and located at a second predetermined distance from the second end of the length, wherein the first predetermined distance is approximately equal to the second predetermined distance, and wherein the second optical waveguide does not have a phase shift section located at the first predetermined distance from the first end of the length.

Abstract: A semiconductor optical device includes a light receiving device; an optical waveguide having a mesa structure, the optical waveguide including first, second, third, and fourth waveguide portions; and a passivation layer provided on a side surface of the light receiving device. The mesa structure in the second waveguide portion has a width increasing along the waveguide axis, and the mesa structure in the third waveguide portion has a width decreasing along the waveguide axis. The second waveguide portion includes first and second regions, the first region being optically coupled to the first waveguide portion and the second region being optically coupled to the third waveguide portion. The passivation layer is provided on side surfaces of the mesa structure in the second region, the third waveguide portion, and the fourth waveguide portion. The mesa structures in the first waveguide portion and the first region have side surfaces without the passivation layer.

Abstract: A light guide with a bar-like shape that extends in a predetermined direction, having: a reflective surface that reflects light inside the light guide within the light guide; a first output surface that causes light inside the light guide to exit the light guide, the first output surface, when viewed in plan from the predetermined direction, constituting a first are of an ellipse that has a first focal point, along with a second focal point located on the reflective surface, and the first are being closer to the first focal point than to the second focal point; and a second output surface that causes light inside the light guide to exit the light guide, the second output surface, when viewed in plan from the predetermined direction, constituting a second arc of an ellipse that has a third focal point, along with a fourth focal point coinciding with the second focal point, and the second arc being closer to the third focal point than to the fourth focal point.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include devices that split a light beam into two separate paths, with reduced sensitivity to fabrication variation. The devices can operate as 3-dB splitters that divide the input optical energy equally between two output waveguides. Similarly, the devices can also function to combine two light beams into a single path (coupler). The designs make use of adiabatic modal evolution and do not require physical symmetry along the entire device length.

Abstract: A side pump fiber and a method of making a side pump fiber are provided. A plurality of pump fibers can be joined to a side of a signal fiber, at different locations. The method includes creating a lengthwise, tapered, concave pocket cut in a pump (or side pump) fiber, inserting the signal fiber in the pocket cut, and then coupling the side pump fiber to the center fiber at the pocket cut. Optical amplifiers and lasers, as examples, can be made using the above method and side pump fibers.

Abstract: A polarization splitter includes a substrate, an asymmetric Y-shaped waveguide, and a pair of strip-shaped electrodes. The substrate is made of a birefringence crystal and includes a surface. The Y-shaped waveguide is formed into the surface and includes an input section for transmitting both transverse electric wave and transverse magnetic wave, a first branch for only transmitting the transverse electric wave, and a second branch for only transmitting the transverse magnetic wave. The first branch and the second branch branch off the input section. The electrodes are positioned on the surface, arranged at two opposite sides of the input section and substantially parallel with a central axis of the input section.

Abstract: In a nest MZI modulator in which each arm includes a child MZI, the power consumption is reduced. The hybrid integrated-type nest MZI modulator of the embodiment 1a is configured so that, instead of placing a relative phase adjusting section in a parent MZI, a bias electrode Bias 90° in which an electric field is applied in the same direction to the polarization direction in both of the upper and lower arms is placed in each child MZI (see FIG. 4B). The bias electrode Bias 90° provided in each child MZI constitute the entirety of a relative phase adjusting section. The optical signals are subjected to a phase change after the output from the child MZI (see FIG. 1A), because such relative phase adjusting section can subject the optical signals of the upper and lower arms of the child MZI to a shift change in the same direction, respectively.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention describe a skew directional coupler for a plurality of waveguides. Said coupler includes a first waveguide on a first plane and a second waveguide on a second plane separate from the first plane. In embodiments of the invention, the first waveguide is disposed on top of the second waveguide to form an overlapping region of a segment of the first waveguide and a segment of the second waveguide, wherein an optical axis of the segment of the first waveguide is horizontally skew to an optical axis of the segment of the second waveguide, and wherein light is to be passively transmitted between the first and second waveguide segments via mode hybridization.

Abstract: A slot-line waveguide optical switch system and method are disclosed. An optical switch system can include a slot-line waveguide optical switch that includes a plurality of wall portions that are each formed from a high refractive-index material and that are arranged to form a channel portion comprising an electro-optic material interposed to extend between the plurality of wall portions. The channel portion can include an input channel to receive an input optical signal and plural output channels to receive the input optical signal from the input channel. A channel switching system can provide a voltage to an electrode coupled to a corresponding wall portion to change a relative refractive index in the output channels via the electro-optic material and thereby switch the input optical signal to one of the output channels.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an optical phase shifter includes a first phase-shifter configured to phase shift a transverse electric (TE) component of an optical signal by a first phase-shift to produce a TE component of a first signal, and a transverse magnetic (TM) component of the optical signal by a second phase-shift to produce a TM component of the first signal. The optical phase-shifter includes a polarization-rotator configured to rotate the TE component of the first signal to produce a TM component of a rotated signal, and the TM component of the first signal to produce a TE component of the rotated signal. The optical phase-shifter includes a second phase-shifter configured to phase-shift a TE component of the rotated signal by a third phase-shift, and the TM component of the rotated signal by a fourth phase-shift, where the first phase-shifter, the polarization-rotator, and the second phase-shifter are integrated on a substrate.

Abstract: An optical modulator is provided which can compensate for a bias shift between an output light and a monitoring light of the optical modulator and which has a configuration capable of being reduced in size with a simple structure. The optical modulator comprises a substrate that has an electro-optical effect, an optical waveguide that includes a Mach-Zehnder type optical waveguide formed in the substrate, a modulation electrode that modulates light waves propagating in the optical waveguide, an optical fiber that guides an output light from the optical waveguide, light collecting means for collecting two radiated lights from the Mach-Zehnder type optical waveguide toward a single optical receiving element, and light intensity ratio adjusting means for adjusting a light intensity ratio of the two radiated lights received by the optical receiving element.

Abstract: A Mach-Zehnder optical modulator with a travelling wave electrode having one or more signal transmission line conductors and one or more ground transmission line conductors is provided. The modulator includes a ground strip conductor extending substantially in parallel to the ground transmission line conductors, and a distributed bridging structure electrically connecting the ground strip conductor and at least one of the ground transmission line conductors along a substantial portion of a length thereof. The distributed bridging structure may be embodied by a plurality of electrical connections at disposed regularly spaced intervals.

Abstract: Phototherapy devices for phototherapy treatment of a patient include a light emitter for emitting light received from a light source. Means may be provided for altering the amount of power to the light source in response to a change in light output to maintain a substantially constant light output. The light source may comprise one or more LEDs that generate a blue light output and at least one other LED that generates a different color light output.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for optical architectures are disclosed. An optical architecture includes first and second riser cards and first and second components carried by the first and second riser cards respectively. The optical architecture also includes a first matrix to fan-out a multi-bit optical input signal into first and second outbound signals, and first and second fiber optic cables to carry the first and second outbound signals to the first and second riser cards, respectively.

Abstract: A side pump fiber and a method of making a side pump fiber are provided. A plurality of pump fibers can be joined to a side of a signal fiber, at different locations. The method includes creating a lengthwise, tapered, concave pocket cut in a pump (or side pump) fiber, inserting the signal fiber in the pocket cut, and then coupling the side pump fiber to the center fiber at the pocket cut. Optical amplifiers and lasers, as examples, can be made using the above method and side pump fibers.

Abstract: This document discusses, among other things, a connector for an optical imaging probe that includes one or more optical fibers communicating light along the catheter. The device may use multiple sections for simpler manufacturing and ease of assembly during a medical procedure. Light energy to and from a distal minimally-invasive portion of the probe is coupled by the connector to external diagnostic or analytical instrumentation through an external instrumentation lead. Certain examples provide a self-aligning two-section optical catheter with beveled ends, which is formed by separating an optical cable assembly. Techniques for improving light coupling include using a lens between instrumentation lead and probe portions. Techniques for improving the mechanical alignment of a multi-optical fiber catheter include using a stop or a guide.

Abstract: A planar waveguide circuit comprises a first optical splitter to receive an input optical signal, a second optical splitter to receive a reference optical signal, a first optical signal combiner, and a second optical signal combiner. First and second optical waveguides are provided to couple first and second outputs of the first optical splitter to respective inputs of the first and second optical signal combiners. Third and fourth optical waveguides are provided to couple first and second outputs of the second optical splitter to respective inputs of the first and second optical signal combiners. A phase-shifter is provided located to affect the phase of an optical signal propagating in one of the third and fourth optical waveguides. The first and second optical splitters and the first and second optical signal combiners are arranged such that the first, second, third and fourth optical waveguides do not intersect one another.

Abstract: An electro-optic modulator includes a substrate comprising a surface, a pair of transmission lines formed in the surface and extending substantially in parallel with each other, a pair of first strip electrodes formed on the surface and covering the respective transmission lines, and a pair of second strip electrodes positioned at two sides of the first strip electrodes and parallel with the first strip electrodes.

Abstract: The inventive concept provides optic couplers, optical fiber laser devices, and active optical modules using the same. The optic coupler may include a first optical fiber having a first core and a first cladding surrounding the first core, a second optical fiber having a second core transmitting a signal light to the first optical fiber and a third cladding surrounding the second core, third optical fibers transmitting pump-light to the first optical fiber in a direction parallel to the second optical fiber; and a connector connected between the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, the connector extending the third optical fibers disposed around the second optical fiber toward the first optical fiber, the connector comprising a third core connected between the first core and the second core and a fifth cladding surrounding the third core.

Abstract: An optical waveguide formed in a substrate including: a curved waveguide; and a splitter that is coupled to the curved waveguide and branches, wherein a low refraction index portion having an effective refraction index that is lower than that of a start point of the curved waveguide on an opposite side of the splitter is provided in a waveguide extending from the start point of the curved waveguide to the splitter.

Abstract: An optical waveguide directional coupler includes a base and a Y-shaped optical waveguide formed in the base. The base includes a planar member and a ridge member extending from a side of the planar member. The planar member includes a top surface. The ridge member includes a recessed planar portion and a raised portion raised relative to the recessed planar portion and perpendicularly extending from the planar member. The raised portion has an upper surface coplanar with the top surface. The Y-shaped optical waveguide is exposed to the upper surface and the top surface. One end of the Y-shaped optical waveguide is exposed to an end of the ridge member, and the other two ends are exposed to an end of the planar member.

Abstract: A chip scale fiber-optic device that includes a transducer that sends and receives information signals, a submount that holds the transducer in a substantially fixed position, and a multimode fiber lens that conveys the information signals between the transducer and an optical fiber.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to optical circuits for mitigating power loss in medical imaging systems and methods for using such circuits. Circuits of the invention can involve a first optical path, a second optical path, and a means for recombining an optical signal transmitted through the first and second optical paths by sequentially gating the first and second optical paths to a single output.

Abstract: A compact, low-loss and wavelength insensitive Y-junction for submicron silicon waveguides. The design was performed using FDTD and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The device was fabricated in a 248 nm CMOS line. Measured average insertion loss is 0.28±0.02 dB across an 8-inch wafer. The device footprint is less than 1.2 ?m×2 ?m, orders of magnitude smaller than MMI and directional couplers.

Abstract: A non-linear optical device includes a frequency-conversion waveguide and first and second input waveguides. The longitudinal axes of the input waveguides are inclined to that of the frequency-conversion waveguide such a first transverse mode is excited in the latter at the input frequency in operation of the device. The frequency-conversion waveguide supports a second transverse mode at an output frequency of the device, such that the phase velocity of the second transverse mode at the output frequency is substantially equal to that of the first transverse mode at the input frequency, thus providing phase-matching by balancing the effects of chromatic and modal dispersion.

Abstract: An optical amplifier includes at least one pump source and an optical fiber cable which includes an amplifying optical fiber and a pump optical fiber that are defined by respective lengths. The amplifying optical fiber and the pump optical fiber are coated with a common coating along a portion of their respective lengths, and the fibers are in optical contact with each other along a coating length within the common coating. The common coating has a refractive index which is lower than a refractive index of a cladding material of the pump optical fiber. The fibers are made substantially from glass. The amplifying optical fiber includes a core and a cladding, and is doped with a rare earth dopant. The pump optical fiber is defined by a first end and a second end, the first end of the pump optical fiber being connected to the pump source.

Abstract: A light guiding plate may include a substrate, a waveguide, and a reflective metal. The waveguide and the reflective metal may be formed on the substrate. The waveguide may guide light. The reflective metal may reflect the light guided along the waveguide to change a propagation direction of the light. A light guiding plate may include a substrate, a cladding layer, and a plurality of waveguides. The cladding layer may be formed on the substrate. The cladding layer may include a first insulating layer having a first refractive index. The plurality of waveguides may be formed on the cladding layer. The plurality of waveguides may include a second insulating layer having a second refractive index. The second refractive index may be higher than the first refractive index. The plurality of waveguides may guide light provided by a light emitting element. At least two of the waveguides may have different lengths.

Abstract: An optical branching element includes: an input waveguide; a tapered waveguide connected to the input waveguide; two branched waveguides that are connected to the tapered waveguide and arranged so as to form a Y-shape with the input waveguide and the tapered waveguide; and a plurality of strip-like waveguides that are provided so as to connect between the two branched waveguides and not to protrude outside the two branched waveguides, and formed so as to decrease in width as becoming distant from the tapered waveguide.

Abstract: A network and method of laying network cables in water supply pipes is disclosed. A building is situated near a roadway along which is laid a trunk cable. A water supply pipe branches off the water main to enter the building. A water supply pipe is provided at the time of construction of the building and is an underground pipe. It is conventional to provide a dedicated (and usually underground) conduit for a branch cable, which is expensive and disruptive. In the present invention the branch cable is laid along water supply pipe, enabling the cable to cross between the trunk cable and the building with minimal disturbance of the ground therebetween. This is achieved by introducing cable to pipe by use of a suitable Y-junction at location and removing the cable from the pipe by use of a second such Y-junction at location.

Abstract: An optical waveguide splitter with a symmetric splitting power ratio having one input port and two output ports, includes a substrate and one or more vertical waveguide layers deposited thereon or diffused thereinto, and optionally one or more cladding layers deposited upon the waveguide layer(s). The waveguide layers and optionally one or more cladding layer together and optionally with the substrate form a profile of the refractive index that supports the propagation of light in a plane substantially parallel to the substrate. On both sides of the input port, the waveguide sidewalls terminate at a depth deeper than the location of the peak intensity of the beam transporting propagating light energy within the input port, and the sidewalls on both sides of each output port terminate at a depth shallower than the location of the peak intensity of the beam transporting the majority light energy within each output port.