Abstract: An electric heater for fuel of endothermal engines, in particular for fuel systems called “common rail” and the like, includes a heating part and a terminal adapted to be associated with one end of the hollow body of a fuel feeding duct; advantageously, the terminal is at least partly made of plastic material. A fuel feeding duct to which the heater is applied, as well as to a fuel warm-up device, are also provided.

Abstract: A high-pressure gas-heating device has a pressurized container (1) carrying a gas, a heating element (3) arranged in the pressurized container (1), and an insulation (2). The insulation (2) is arranged on the interior wall of the pressurized container (1). The pressurized container (1) is designed for pressures of to 100 bar, and at least one flow distributor element (5) is arranged in an inflow area of the pressurized container (1) to distribute the inflowing gas over the entire width of the heating element (3).

Abstract: A dryer circuit includes a main circuit and a connection controller. The dryer circuit includes a power unit, a first and second heating units, a first and a second switches, a motor having a fan installed, a resistor, a first diode, and a second diode. The first and the second heating units are coupled to ground respectively through the first and the second switches. The resistor is coupled between the first heating unit and the motor. The first diode is coupled between the second heating unit and the motor. The second diode is coupled between the first heating unit and the motor and in series with the resistor. The connection controller controls the first and the second switches on or off for adjusting the power supplied to the motor, and the first and the second heating units at the same time.

Abstract: Apparatus for providing a heated cleaning fluid to a vehicle surface having an inlet port for receiving an amount of fluid; a housing bounding a reservoir in fluid communication with the inlet port; and an outlet port in fluid communication with the reservoir for dispensing an amount of heated fluid. A heater element heats fluid that passes from the inlet to the outlet port through the reservoir. A heat exchanger in thermal contact with the heater element for conveying heat to the fluid within the reservoir has a strut that divides fluid entering the housing through the inlet port into two flow paths and elongated fins that extend outwardly from the strut at transverse angles that bound fluid flow channels for fluid moving through said reservoir. A control circuit energizes the heater element with a voltage to heat the heating element.

Abstract: An air dehumidifier for use in small enclosures such as gun and other types of safes is disclosed. The air dehumidifier provides a natural convection dehumidifier circulation system for use in enclosures that reduces natural convection airflow through a drying chamber and thereby dehumidifies and circulates air within the enclosure. Heated air released through the air flow apertures combine with air drawn in through the air intake apertures in the base, to provide air circulation and dehumidification within the safe interior. This invention also provides a drying chamber end cap which prevents articles within the enclosure from blocking the airflow out of the drying chamber.

Abstract: A feed gas conditioner includes a pressure vessel that encloses at least part of a pre-heater. The pre-heater has an inlet for connection to a source of feed gas and an outlet for delivering the feed gas into the interior of the pressure vessel. An electrical heater element located within the pre-heater increases the temperature of the feed gas as it flows through the pre-heater. An expansion valve reduces the pressure of the feed gas as it flows from the pre-heater so as to initiate condensation. A super heater is at least partially located within the pressure vessel and has an inlet within the interior of the pressure vessel. A filter is in a flow path in the pressure vessel leading from the pre-heater heater to the super heater for removing condensate from the feed gas. An electrical heater element is in the super heater for heating the feed gas.

Abstract: Provided is a heat exchanger capable of suppressing formation and adhesion of scale while achieving a higher heat transfer rate, and having a longer life. A heat exchanger 10 includes throttle passages 37 and 47 having smaller flow passage cross-sectional areas than another portion between an upstream space 25a and a downstream space 25b, and a plate heater 20 configured in such a manner that a heat generation density is lower in a portion closer to a water outlet 25b than in a portion closer to a water inlet 25a. This makes it possible to suppress a temperature from rising to a high temperature at which local boiling will take place, even in a boundary layer between a portion of the plate heater 20 which is closer to the water outlet 25b, where the temperature of the washing water tends to be high, and washing water contacting the portion of the plate heater 20 which is closer to the water outlet 25b, while improving the heat transfer rate.

Abstract: An inter-axial inline fluid heater is presented. The inter-axial inline fluid heater includes an outer retaining sheath defining a first area, and an interior flow tube disposed within the outer sheath and capable of having fluid flow therethrough. Further, the inter-axial inline fluid heater includes a resistance wire disposed between the interior flow tube and the outer retaining sheath, the resistance wire capable of producing heat for heating a fluid passing through the interior flow tube when power is applied to the resistance wire. Also includes is a dielectric heat transfer material disposed between the interior flow tube and the outer retaining sheath and surrounding at least a portion of the resistance wire.

Abstract: A feed gas conditioner includes a pressure vessel that encloses at least part of a pre-heater. The pre-heater has an inlet for connection to a source of feed gas and an outlet for delivering the feed gas into the interior of the pressure vessel. An electrical heater element located within the pre-heater increases the temperature of the feed gas as it flows through the pre-heater. An expansion valve reduces the pressure of the feed gas as it flows from the pre-heater so as to initiate condensation. A super heater is at least partially located within the pressure vessel and has an inlet within the interior of the pressure vessel. A filter is in a flow path in the pressure vessel leading from the pre-heater heater to the super heater for removing condensate from the feed gas. An electrical heater element is in the super heater for heating the feed gas.

Abstract: A device for processing digestate or digestate mixtures (2) includes a floor (3) on which is to be places the digestate (2). The floor (3) is designed gas-permeable. The device includes an inlet device (4) that can be connected to a line (6) for introducing a gaseous medium into the floor (3). The inlet device (4) is designed such that a gaseous medium can flow through at least part of the area of the floor (3) for purposes of aerating the digestate (2) and heating the digestate (2) if the gaseous medium is heated. At least one heating element (5) is provided in the area of the floor (3) to provide heat to the digestate.

Abstract: A heat exchanger comprises a substantially pillar sheathed heater, a substantially cylindrical case, and a spiral spring. The sheathed heater is accommodated in the case. The spring is provided so as to be wound around an outer peripheral surface of the sheathed heater. Thus, a spiral flow path is formed among an outer peripheral surface of the sheathed heater, an inner peripheral surface of the case, and the spring. The spring functions as a flow velocity conversion mechanism, a turbulent flow generation mechanism, a flow direction conversion mechanism, and an impurity removal mechanism. A water inlet and a water outlet are respectively arranged at positions eccentric from a central axis of the case on a side surface of the case.

Abstract: There is provided a tankless water heater for heating water passing therethrough. The modular heater comprises a plurality of heating units, each heating unit comprising a heating tube and a coupler, wherein each heating tube defines an interior region and each heating tube includes a helical structure whereby the helical structure imparts a swirling motion on water passing through the interior region of the tube. A heating element is also disposed within the interior region of the heating tube, and electric power applied to the heating element acts to heat the water passing through the tube. Temperature sensors may be positioned so as to detect water temperature proximate the inlet portion, and the outlet portion. Additionally, a flow meter is positioned proximate the inlet portion. The controller directs signals to switches positioned at each tube so as to apply electric current to the heating elements.

Abstract: A device includes an electrically heatable honeycomb body, particularly for treating an exhaust gas flow of a mobile internal combustion machine. The device includes sheet metal foils forming channels and being in electrical contact with a housing. The housing has a terminal for connection to a voltage source, a plurality of contact points disposed remotely from the terminal for contacting the sheet metal foils and a respective contact conductor between the terminal and each contact point. The contact conductors have the same electrical resistance. A motor vehicle having at least one such device is also provided.

Abstract: A tankless water heating assembly that heats water on a continuous basis as it passes from a conventional water source and through a heating system. It basically includes a housing assembly, a plumbing assembly, a heating system, and an electrical system. The tankless water heater assembly heats water in a real time basis, as is being used, resulting in an efficient method of hot water utilization. The heating system comprises heating elements that are submerged within water as the water passes continuously through the heating units to prevent heating unit burnout, and the electrical system has means to properly measure water temperature as it is flowing within the heating system.

Abstract: A positive temperature coefficient heater may include at least one positive temperature coefficient rod having a heating module inserted into a rod case made of brass and plated with tin, at least one heat-radiating fin made of brass, plated with tin, and contacted and coupled with each of opposite outer faces of the positive temperature coefficient rod, and upper and lower housings coupled to opposite longitudinal ends of the positive temperature coefficient rod, wherein the positive temperature coefficient rod and the heat-radiating fin are joined together by soldered portions.

Abstract: In various aspects, the present invention provides an electric tankless liquid heater system capable of delivering liquid, such as, for example, water, with an acceptable increase in output liquid temperature upon a sudden and substantial decrease in liquid demand. In various aspects, the electric tankless liquid heater comprises an inlet manifold and a plurality of liquid heaters the inlets of which are connected in a parallel flow relationship by the inlet manifold, and the outlets of which are each connected to a separate outlet conduit, and which is configured to provide water to a plurality of automatic water fixtures with a less than about 2° F. (about 1.1° C.) increase in output water temperature upon about a one-and-a-half-fold or greater decrease in water demand that occurs in less than about 500 milliseconds as measured by the increase time of the inlet liquid pressure.

Abstract: A water heating apparatus for a beverage brewing device. Water is heated to brew temperature without boiling or localized boiling, thereby minimizing the precipitating of scale. The heating elements each have a low watt density, thereby increasing safety. Multiple heating zones allow the use of a plurality of power relays, lowering the power per relay and thus improving the reliability of the relays. The heating elements cannot overheat due to a failure resulting in a lack of water in the apparatus since the temperature sensors are mounted directly on each heating element, allowing direct measurement and control of each heating element. Precise control of water temperature in the apparatus is provided by varying both the water flow rate through the heating apparatus, and by varying heating element temperatures.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the invention provides a system for heating a liquid, such as, for example, water, comprising a plurality of liquid heaters, the inlets and outlets of which are respectively connected in a parallel flow relationship by respective manifolds, and configured to provide liquid having a temperature of greater than about 90 degrees Fahrenheit at a flow rate of greater than about 10 gallons per minute. In various embodiments, the present invention provides an electric tankless liquid heater system capable of delivering hot liquids, and in particular water, at even higher flow rates and or temperatures, including, but not limited to, flow rates greater than about: (1) 12 gpm; (2) 18 gpm; (3) 20 gpm; and (5) 20 gpm; and/or temperatures of greater than about: (1) 100° F.; (2) 120° F.; (3) 140° F.; and (4) 180° F.

Abstract: A steam generator includes a body defining therein a flow passage having an inlet and an outlet, a heater installed in the body and adapted for heating water being guided through the inlet of the flow passage into the inside of the flow passage into steam for enabling generated steam to flow out of the outlet of the flow passage, and at least one friction unit mounted in the flow passage and movable by generated steam to rub against the inside wall of the flow passage and to remove water scale from the inside wall. Thus, the steam generator uses the friction unit to remove water scale from the inside wall of the flow passage during operation, avoiding water scale accumulation and prolonging the lifespan.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a water treatment system and a sanitization system and method. A sanitization fluid, typically water at a pharmaceutically acceptable temperature, is intermittently provided to the water treatment system for minimal periods of time.

Abstract: A steam generating system for use in a steam bath includes thermostatically controlled steam generating means for maintaining the steam bath environment at a desired temperature, means defining a water inlet path for conducting water from a water supply to the steam generating means, said inlet-defining means including an area of highly thermally-conductive material in thermal contact with the water. The thermostatically controlled steam generating means includes an electrically powered heating element, and a solid state switching device for controlling the amount of electricity flowing in the heating element. The solid state switching device is in thermal contact with said highly thermally-conductive material so that the switching device is cooled via heat transfer to the water flowing in the inlet path.

Abstract: A heater system is provided for a respiratory system having a PID feedback control in which the coefficients are adjusted, such as in a warm-up process, to correspond to a likely flow rate of gas through a chamber of heated water based on the difference between heat input and heat output in relation to a temperature set point without the need to directly monitor flow rate or humidity level. A steady-state adjustment of the coefficients based on the behavior of the measured temperature in relation to the set point is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heating assembly (1) comprising at least one PCT element, in particular for a motor vehicle, said PCT element (2) being located between two contact sheets (3, 4), which are used to make electrical contact. According to the invention, the heating assembly (1) comprises a frame (7) and at least one of the two contact sheets (3)comprises a staggered section outside the frame (7), said staggered section of the projecting part (10) of the contact sheet (3) running parallel with the remaining part (11) of said sheet (3).

Abstract: A frame for receiving a heating element for an electric heater of a ventilating, heating and/or air conditioning unit of a vehicle, in particular. The frame is shaped in the form of a hollowed-out box whose large faces, intended to be traversed by airflow conveyed by the unit, are held at a distance from each other in order to create between them a space for receiving the heating element. The frame is made of a single part in which means for holding the heating element inside the space are located in the area of the large faces.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus is provided that includes a substrate holder configured to hold a substrate, and a heat pipe to maintain the substrate holder at a substantially uniform temperature. The heat pipe has a chamber containing a liquid reservoir and a vapor space, and a heating element at least partly in contact with liquid in the chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a PTC heating element with at least one PTC resistance element which is arranged between two electrically conductive plates in a housing opening of a housing and, with at least one of the electrically conductive plates as an intermediate layer, which is pressed with an initial tension against a heat-emitting element which is held at the housing. With the present invention, a PTC heating element of the type mentioned at the beginning that can be manufactured easily and economically is to be specified. To solve this problem, the present invention further develops the PTC heating element mentioned at the beginning in such a way that attachment tabs arranged on the edge of the housing opening protrude beyond the housing opening and in such a way that the heat-emitting element has tab cuts, behind which the tabs engage.

Abstract: A hanging water heater includes a machine body installed inside with plural quartz heating tubes respectively composed of a quartz external tube having its opposite ends sealed, and a quartz internal tube positioned in the quartz external tube, installed therein with a remote-infrared-ray heating member and having one end connected with an electrode terminal. Each quartz external tube has its lower sidewall bored with water intakes and its upper wall bored with a vapor vent. The machine body is further provided with a water inlet and a water outlet communicating with a circulating tube. The circulating tube communicates with the vapor vent of the quartz external tube, having its wall bored with lots of through holes. The hanging water heater performs heat conduction by vapor, and light and heat radiation, impossible to produce water stains and able to economize energy.

Abstract: An integrated semiconductor heating assembly includes a semiconductor substrate, a chamber formed therein, and an exit port in fluid communication with the chamber, allowing fluid to exit the chamber in response to heating the chamber. The integrated heating assembly includes a first heating element adjacent the chamber, which can generate heat above a selected threshold and bias fluid in the chamber toward the exit port. A second heating element is positioned adjacent the exit port to generate heat above a selected threshold, facilitating movement of the fluid through the exit port away from the chamber. Addition of the second heating element reduces the amount of heat emitted per heating element and minimizes thickness of a heat absorption material toward an open end of the exit port. Since such material is expensive, this reduces the manufacturing cost and retail price of the assembly while improving efficiency and longevity thereof.

Abstract: A wash system for window glasses and/or headlamps of a vehicle, with a fluid line through which a fluid is conducted from a fluid reservoir into a nozzle and with a heating cable which is laid in the fluid line is disclosed. The heating cable is laid so as to enter the nozzle or to pass through the nozzle and to heat not only the fluid line but also the nozzle. One obtains a wash system that can be manufactured at low cost and ensures freeze protection at reduced energy expense by the fact that the heating cable is laid in a meander pattern in the nozzle.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a rotary-type heat recovery ventilation apparatus, which is constructed to perform heat exchange between inlet air and exhaust air. The apparatus includes a main body having an intake duct and a discharge duct therein, a plurality of electric heating plates passing through a space in the intake duct and the discharge duct of the main body to transfer heat, and rotating about a main shaft, with a plurality of pores being formed on each of the electric heating plates, a pair of blowing fans mounted to a surface of the intake duct and a surface of the discharge duct, thus blowing and exhausting air, and a motor to rotate the main shaft. The ventilation apparatus transfers heat, recovered from air exhausted from a room during ventilation, to inlet air, and filters various impurities from the passing air, thus circulating fresh air without the energy loss.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heating device for diesel fuel comprising at least one PTC heating element (8), at least two contact sheets (7) each comprising a front face (10) by means of which they contact the PTC heating element (8) electrically, wherein the PTC heating element (8) is provided between the front faces (10) of the two contact sheets (7); a plastic housing (2) enclosing an interior space through which the diesel fuel to be heated can flow and in which the PTC heating element (8) and the contact sheets (7) are provided.

Abstract: Heating flange (1) for heating a flow of gas as it flows though a cross-section of flow (S), wherein the heating flange (1) is designed such that it can be inserted or interposed in an intake line (A) of an internal combustion engine and has at least one heat conductor (5) that extends through the cross-section of flow (S) from a mounting point (6a) to an immediately following further mounting point (6b) on the heating flange (1), as well as a retaining leg piece (2), which is provided with at least one of the mounting points (6a).

Abstract: Disclosed is a heater capable of supplying heated air to any desired place. The heater includes a heater housing having an air-inflow part and a first air-discharge port, a heating unit disposed in the heater housing to heat air, and a heated-air supply guide connected to the first air-discharge port and guiding heated air discharged through the first air-discharge port 121. The heated-air supply guide has a variable flow channel to change a heated-air supply zone. The heater can perform rapid local heating for a desired place, reduce energy consumption, and improve use convenience.

Abstract: An integrated in-line heater for a liquid food or beverage preparation machine, in which liquid is circulated through the heater and then guided into a brewing chamber for brewing a food or beverage ingredient, for instance within a pod or capsule, supplied into the brewing chamber. An upstream part of the brewing chamber may be formed by the heater. One or more electric components may be incorporated into the heater and rigidly connected to a printed circuit board. The heater may have a tubular inner core that is eccentric with respect to a tubular or prismatic outer member which form together a helicoidal heating chamber of variable cross-section.

Abstract: In various aspects, the present invention provides an electric tankless liquid heater system capable of delivering liquid, such as, for example, water, with an acceptable increase in output liquid temperature upon a sudden and substantial decrease in liquid demand. In various aspects, the electric tankless liquid heater comprises an inlet manifold and a plurality of liquid heaters the inlets of which are connected in a parallel flow relationship by the inlet manifold, and the outlets of which are each connected to a separate outlet conduit, and which is configured to provide water to a plurality of automatic water fixtures with a less than about 2° F. (about 1.1° C.) increase in output water temperature upon about a one-and-a-half-fold or greater decrease in water demand that occurs in less than about 500 milliseconds as measured by the increase time of the inlet liquid pressure.

Abstract: A spa heater includes a heater element having a single outer wall with indentations near each end for receiving clips for positioning the heater element. The indentations are preferably stamped or formed by some other method which does not weaken the outer wall and the heater element is retained by use of the clips in the indentations. Incorporation of the indentations and the clips allows use of a single thin outer wall thereby reducing cost. The heater element is held and sealed by a combination of O-rings, stepped washers, snap rings clips, and caps. An electrical connection may be made using ring type wire ends residing under the caps or by connecting to posts extending from the ends of the heater element. The heater element is preferably a spiral heater element and a titanium outer wall may be used to resist corrosion and increases heater element life.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the supply of a gas or a gas mixture at a predetermined temperature to a processing station in a filling machine in which gas or gas mixture pressurised to above atmospheric is passed through an electrically heated heating unit (2, 3; 6, 7). This includes a sensor sensing the temperature of the gas whose output signal is fed back to a gas temperature regulator unit (not shown) which in its turn is coupled to the heating unit with a view to regulating the temperature of the gas flowing out from the heating unit (2, 3; 6, 7). The heating unit (7) is formed to an electrically conductive shell or a cavity (6) through which the gas or gas mixture is passed positively and regulated.

Abstract: This invention consists of a heat exchanger, a heating element, and a return line from a remote faucet to provide a constant circulatory flow of hot water through hot water distribution lines in a building utilizing a tankless water heater, such that hot water is available instantly at remote faucets in the building. The invention will eliminate the waste of water and heat while waiting for hot water to arrive at the outlets. A second benefit is to heat the mass of cold water known as the cold sandwich that results from the time delay for the heating element in the tankless heater to achieve its operating temperature. A third benefit is the convenience of not having to wait for hot water to arrive at remote faucets.

Abstract: A field device system for use in an industrial process includes a field device configured to couple to the industrial process and monitor or control the industrial process. The field device provides a temperature control signal output related to a temperature of the field device. A heater coupled to the field device heats the field device in response to the temperature control signal.

Abstract: A heating system comprising a first flow pipe and a second flow pipe which are interconnected at ends thereof to form a closed loop fluid flow circuit. A housing having a passage extending therethrough for passage of water through the housing is interconnected with the fluid flow circuit, and a pump is utilized to circulate water through the fluid flow circuit. The housing provides at least one opening defined therein separate from the passage, and at least one heating element is inserted therein, projecting into the housing, so as to be in direct contact with the water therein. The heating element is powered by a power source for enabling the heating element to heat the water and operate the pump. Radiator panels are connected to the fluid flow circuit, to radiate the heat from the heated water flowing in the fluid flow circuit to a space heated by the heating system.

Abstract: A flow-through heating system (1) is described, comprising: a flow tube (11); a plurality of at least two heating elements (12A, 12B, 12C), each heating element being connected in series with a corresponding controllable switch (23 A, 23B, 23C); a control unit (30) having control outputs (33A, 33B, 33C) coupled to said controllable switches; the control unit (30) being designed to generate control signals (Sa, Sb, Sc) for opening and closing the controllable switches such that said heating system is operated at a required power (Pr) less than the power capacity (Ptot) of said heating system by operating precisely one of said heating elements at reduced power while the remaining heating elements are either operated at full power or at zero power.

Abstract: The heating plate (1) has cavities (2), in which electrically heatable heating bodies (3) are disposed. A heat exchange medium circulated by a pump (4) transmits the heat emitted by the heating bodies (3). The heating plate is designed to obtain a uniform temperature distribution using as low a volume of heat exchange medium as possible. To this end, the cavities (2) are elongate and the heating bodies (3) are bar-shaped.

Abstract: A steam generating system for use in a steam bath includes thermostatically controlled steam generating means for maintaining the steam bath environment at a desired temperature, means defining a water inlet path for conducting water from a water supply to the steam generating means, said inlet-defining means including an area of highly thermally-conductive material in thermal contact with the water. The thermostatically controlled steam generating means includes an electrically powered heating element, and a solid state switching device for controlling the amount of electricity flowing in the heating element. The solid state switching device is in thermal contact with said highly thermally-conductive material so that the switching device is cooled via heat transfer to the water flowing in the inlet path.

Abstract: A heating device is provided in a water passageway in a washing or rinsing machine and has a heating element in proximity with a sensor. In one embodiment, the heating element is mounted using a holder in an opening in a wall wherein the wall forms the water passageway. On the holder is also provided a conductivity measuring device which projects into the water passageway. The heating device and conductivity measuring device form a module.

Abstract: Methods of determining the likelihood of the existence of a dry fire condition in a hot water heater without requiring energization of any of the heating elements are presented. Such methods utilize only the sensor inputs required for normal operation of the hot water heater. Such sensory inputs are characterized in a process of fuzzification to enable the utilization of fuzzy logic rules to determine the likelihood of a dry fire condition before any energization of a heating element occurs. Alternatively, the sensory inputs are assigned logical values and are processed using Boolean logic to determine if a dry fire condition exists, prior to the energization of any electrical heating element within the hot water heater. Upon the determination that a dry fire condition is likely, the controller may perform a soft or hard lockout, may allow reset(s), and may provide an indication to the user of the condition.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the invention provides a system for heating a liquid, such as, for example, water, comprising a plurality of liquid heaters, the inlets and outlets of which are respectively connected in a parallel flow relationship by respective manifolds, and configured to provide liquid having a temperature of greater than about 90 degrees Fahrenheit at a flow rate of greater than about 10 gallons per minute. In various embodiments, the present invention provides an electric tankless liquid heater system capable of delivering hot liquids, and in particular water, at even higher flow rates and or temperatures, including, but not limited to, flow rates greater than about: (1) 6 gpm; (2) 9 gpm; and (3) 12 gpm; and/or temperatures of greater than about: (1) 100° F.; (2) 120° F.; (3) 140° F.; and (4) 180° F.

Abstract: A method of delivering hot water to a water fixture in which a supplemental hot water heater is installed before the cold water inlet of a tankless hot water heater. The supplemental hot water heater is used to recirculate heated water through the tankless hot water heater at a flow rate below the minimum flow rate of the tankless hot water heater (the flow rate at which the tankless heater's heating element is activated) so that water entering the tankless hot water heater is pre-heated by the supplemental hot water heater without activating the heating element of the tankless hot water heater.

Abstract: A heating system for heating fluid media including a carrier unit, a heating unit arranged on the carrier unit and a heat transfer element arranged on the carrier unit and includes a material which is a good conductor of heat, which heat transfer element has a first mounting portion for mounting a first safety device which responds at a first response temperature and a second mounting portion for mounting a second safety device which responds at a second response temperature which is lower than the first response temperature, which heat transfer element has a first temperature pickup portion which is in direct heat-conducting contact with the heating unit and the first safety device. The heat transfer element has a second temperature pickup portion is spatially separate from the first temperature pickup portion and in heat-conducting contact with the medium to be heated and the second safety device.

Abstract: An integrated semiconductor heating assembly includes a semiconductor substrate, a chamber formed therein, and an exit port in fluid communication with the chamber, allowing fluid to exit the chamber in response to heating the chamber. The integrated heating assembly includes a first heating element adjacent the chamber, which can generate heat above a selected threshold and bias fluid in the chamber toward the exit port. A second heating element is positioned adjacent the exit port to generate heat above a selected threshold, facilitating movement of the fluid through the exit port away from the chamber. Addition of the second heating element reduces the amount of heat emitted per heating element and minimizes thickness of a heat absorption material toward an open end of the exit port. Since such material is expensive, this reduces the manufacturing cost and retail price of the assembly while improving efficiency and longevity thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heating device (1) for fuel with at least one PTC heating element (5) and a heat transfer device (6) in thermal contact with the latter, which exhibits two heat transfer elements (7, 7?), and with a tubular casing (2) made of plastic that envelop the heat transfer device (6) and the a least one PTC heating element (5), wherein the diesel fuel to be heated flows through the casing (2) and around the heat transfer device (6) during operation of the heating device (1). Provided on the interior side of the tubular casing (2) is a guiding device that interacts with the at least one PTC heating element (5) and/or the heat transfer device (6) in such a way that at least one PTC heating element (5) and the heat transfer device (6) can be axially inserted into the casing (2) for assembling the heating device (1).