Abstract: Techniques for providing high-resolution, standard-format output for line monitoring equipment (LME) of a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) communication system is disclosed. LME may transmit a plurality of LME test signals via an optical path of the WDM system and perform gain measurements on reflections associated with the same at predetermined intervals. Gain measurements for each of the plurality of LME test signals may be normalized and filtered to derive LME peak data. The WDM communication system may perform full scans with data points totaling millions/billions (e.g., depending on system length, fiber type, and number of transmitted LME test signals or test pulses) and normalize the same into a relatively small number of resulting data points within the LME peak data. The WDM system may then output an LME results file in a standard format which is compatible with commercial viewers and optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) equipment.

Abstract: A method for testing an optical network is disclosed. The method includes transmitting a first optical power level on a first optical port of an optical assembly, where the optical assembly includes the first optical port, an optical cable and/or an optical waveguide, and a second optical port. The optical assembly is installed in an assembled computer and the assembled computer is in a state suitable for an end user. The method includes measuring a second optical power level at the second optical port and determining a quality level by determining if the second optical power level is below a quality threshold value. The transmitting, the measuring, and the determining occur within the assembled computer. An apparatus and computer program product also perform the functions of the method.

Abstract: A system and method is disclosed that allows for the monitoring, analyzing and reporting on performance, availability and quality of optical network paths. The correlation of PM parameter metrics to client connections, coupled with threshold-based alarm generation provides a proactive and predictive management, reporting and analyzing of the health and effectiveness of individual path connections to alert Operational Support (OS) staff and/or customers to signal degradation and impending Network Element (NE) failures. The system and method performs in real-time processing intervals required for alarm surveillance in a telecommunications network.

Abstract: The present invention includes method and apparatus for storing provisioned information within the optical switches and retrievable by every controller. The optical switches perform failure isolation according to their provisioning information. The optical switches monitor each channel for loss of signal. The provisioning information is shared autonomously between the optical switches allowing the switches to retrieve the provisioning information of the network topology from any other optical switch in the network. Fault isolation is done by the optical switch on the level of optical switch provisioning following the paradigm of “single alarm for single fault,” thus avoiding alarm floods and ambiguous alarms, thereby saving the operator time and money.

Abstract: A method of monitoring a differential group delay (DGD) of an optical communications signal having a polarisation multiplexed modulation format is described. The method includes the operations of receiving a signal and performing analogue to digital conversion of the signal to generate a digitised signal corresponding to one polarisation of the signal and to generate another digitised signal corresponding to another polarisation of the signal, and applying a polarisation mode dispersion(PMD) compensation to each of the digitised signals. The method further includes the operations of obtaining an indication of the channel transfer function of the optical communications signal, determining a DGD in dependence on the indication of the channel transfer function, determining a delay between the PMD compensated digitised signals, subtracting the delay from the DGD to obtain a corrected DGD, and generating and transmitting a monitoring signal with an indication of the corrected DGD.

Abstract: A method includes generating a test signal and modulating the test signal. The method may also include transmitting the test signal on an optical path, where the optical path may include a number of add-drop multiplexer devices and amplifiers. The method may also include receiving the test signal at a destination device and converting the received test signal into an electrical signal. The method may further include identifying a portion of the electrical signal that is associated with the modulated test signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to communications technologies, and discloses a method for monitoring the state of a fiber line, a repeater, and a submarine cable system. The repeater includes a first optical amplifier (OA), a second optical amplifier, a first gating unit, a second gating unit, a first coupler, a second coupler, a third coupler, and a fourth coupler. The first coupler, the fourth coupler, and the first gating unit form an in-to-in loopback path between the input end of the first OA and the input end of the second OA; and the second coupler, the third coupler, and the second gating unit form an out-to-out loopback path between the output end of the first OA and the output end of the second OA.

Abstract: Extender apparatus for an optical network includes first and second extender units having an network-facing port for connection to a backhaul fiber and a subscriber-facing port for connection to a feeder fiber. Each extender unit includes a gain assembly and is operable selectively either in an enabled state, in which the gain assembly amplifies a signal received at either port of the extender unit and couples it to the other port of the extender unit, or in a disabled state, in which the gain assembly blocks coupling of a signal from either port of the extender unit to the other port of the extender unit. A failover unit is operable when the first extender unit is in the enabled state and the second extender unit is in the disabled state to detect occurrence of at least one fault condition in the first extender unit. The failover unit is responsive to the fault condition in the first extender unit to switch the first extender unit to the disabled state and the second extender unit to the enabled state.

Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus includes an amplifier, a first output port to select a wavelength from the wavelength-division-multiplexed signal light amplified and output signal light with the selected wavelength to an operation line, a second output port to output multiplexed light obtained by multiplexing any one of first spontaneous emission light and second spontaneous emission light to a preliminary line, the first and the second spontaneous emission light being parts of spontaneous emission light generated by the amplifier, the first spontaneous emission light being in a wavelength range that is not selected, and the second spontaneous emission light being in a wavelength range other than a range of the wavelength-division-multiplexed signal light, and a judger to judge a continuity state of the operation line by using the signal light output to the operation line and a continuity state of the preliminary line.

Abstract: An amplifier node, in an optical network, includes a first switch connected to a working path from which network traffic is received; a second switch connected to the working path to which the network traffic is transmitted; and two amplifiers that interconnect the first switch and the second switch, where the network traffic travels from the first switch to the second switch via a first amplifier. The amplifier node also includes a controller to receive an instruction to switch the network traffic from the first amplifier to a second amplifier that enables the first amplifier to be repaired; send, to the first switch and the second switch, another instruction to switch the network traffic from the first amplifier to the second amplifier; receive an indication that the network traffic is traveling via the second amplifier; and send a notification that the first amplifier can be repaired based on the indication.

Abstract: There are provided surge protection devices for undersea optical repeaters. An optical repeater drive circuit incorporating a diode chain design includes a diode array formed of a plurality of banks of two or more parallel forward-biased diodes, each diode in a given bank being in electrical contact with all the diodes in adjacent banks; and, optical repeater control circuitry connected in parallel with the diode array. A component for providing surge protection to an optical repeater incorporates a substrate formed of an insulating material and a first substantially planar conducting coil embedded within the substrate.

Abstract: A method, system and device for protecting a Long Reach Passive Optical Network (LR-PON) system are provided. The Electrical Relay (E-R) device receives the optical signal transmitted on two fiber transmission paths by the Optical Line Terminal (OLT) or Optical Network Unit (ONU) on one side, performs optical-to-electrical (O/E) conversion, signal regeneration, and electrical-to-optical (E/O) conversion for the optical signal, and sends the signal to the ONU or the OLT on the other side through the two fiber transmission paths. Through backup of the fiber transmission path, an LR-PON system protection method is provided to improve the reliability of the LR-PON system. The method, system, and device for protecting the LR-PON system under the present invention all support and are compatible with the existing functions of all devices in the existing LR-PON system.

Abstract: A system for data communication connection in an architecture including an optical fiber communication line running from a communication service provider source to a proximity of at least one building, a fiber optic branch line extending from a point along the communication line generally towards the at least one building, and a receptacle, comprises a communication unit, a fiber optic cable coupled to the communication unit, and at least one connector adapted to couple the branch line to the fiber optic cable coupled to the communication unit. The connector may reside within the receptacle, and at least one of the communication unit, the cable, the branch line, the connector, and the receptacle may provide a visual indication that coupling of the branch line and the cable is effected.

Abstract: A repeater is disclosed that transmits an optical signal using wave division multiplexing. The repeater includes a demultiplexing unit that separates plural channels contained in the optical signal, an adjusting unit that adjusts at least optical power of each of the channels according to a control signal, a multiplexing unit that outputs a multiple wavelength signal in which the channels are multiplexed, and a monitoring unit that determines a modulation scheme and a bit rate of the optical signal for each of the channels so as to generate the control signal.

Abstract: A transponder for performing bidirectional conversion between a client-side signal used for communication to a client device and a transmission path-side signal used for communication to a transmission path, the transponder comprising: a client-side interface for inputting/outputting the client-side signal; a transmission path-side interface for inputting/outputting the transmission path-side signal; a connection determining unit for determining which of the another client-side interface and the client device is coupled to the client-side interface; and a transmission signal generating unit for outputting, in a case where a state signal indicating a state on a transmission path side is input to the transmission path-side interface, a transmission signal indicating that the state signal has been input, from the client-side interface, wherein: the transmission signal generating unit changes a form of the transmission signal to be output from the client-side interface, based on a determination result obtained by

Abstract: A system and method is disclosed that allows for the monitoring, analyzing and reporting on performance, availability and quality of optical network paths. The correlation of PM parameter metrics to client connections, coupled with threshold-based alarm generation provides a proactive and predictive management, reporting and analyzing of the health and effectiveness of individual path connections to alert Operational Support (OS) staff and/or customers to signal degradation and impending Network Element (NE) failures. The system and method performs in real-time processing intervals required for alarm surveillance in a telecommunications network.

Abstract: An optical repeater connected to an optical transmission line between an optical network unit having an optical network unit (ONU) function on the side of a subscriber and an optical line termination (OLT) on the side of a center includes first electrical/optical conversion means connected to a first optical transmission line on the side of the center, a second electrical/optical conversion means connected to a second optical transmission line on the side of the subscriber, and transmission means connected between the first electrical/optical conversion means and the second electrical/optical conversion means to transmit an optical repeater supervisory signal between the optical transmission lines.

Abstract: An optical transmission system including an optical transmission path for transmitting WDM signals multiplexed different wavelength optical signals, the WDM signals including different bit rate optical signals or different modulation format optical signals; a repeater arranged in the optical transmission path, the repeater including a chromatic dispersion compensation unit for compensating chromatic dispersion compensation for the WDM signals; and a network management system including processes of determining a dispersion compensation ratio indicating the ratio with respect to the dispersion compensation amount at which the residual dispersion of the WDM signals are zero after transmission via the optical transmission path, on the bases of the mixture ratio of different optical signals included in the WDM signals, and variably setting the dispersion compensation amount for the in-line repeater according to the dispersion compensation ratio.

Abstract: A repeater device that is placed between a transmission device connected to a server device and a reception device connected to a console device that controls the server device. The repeater device repeats a signal between the transmission device and the reception device, and includes an equalizer amplifier that amplifies a signal that is received from the transmission device or another repeater device.

Abstract: A system and method for fault identification in optical communication networks. One or more repeaters in the system includes a loop back path that couples an output a first amplifier for amplifying signals carried in a first direction through a repeater to an input of a second amplifier for amplifying signals carried in a second direction through said repeater. Fault analysis is conducted using loop gain data associated with test signals transmitted on the first or second paths and returned on the opposite path through the loop back paths.

Abstract: An optical repeater connected to an optical transmission line between an optical network unit having an ONU function on the side of a subscriber and an optical line termination (OLT) on the side of a center includes first electrical/optical conversion means connected to a first optical transmission line on the side of the center, a second electrical/optical conversion means connected to a second optical transmission line on the side of the subscriber, and transmission means connected between the first electrical/optical conversion means and the second electrical/optical conversion means to transmit an optical repeater supervisory signal between the optical transmission lines.

Abstract: Various high loss loop back (HLLB) repeater architectures are disclosed that enable selectively monitoring (e.g., measuring, analyzing, etc) of Rayleigh signals from both inbound and outbound directions of an optical communication system. In one such embodiment, first and second optical test signal frequencies (or ranges) are used, in conjunction with selective filtering, for monitoring the outbound and inbound paths, respectively. The repeater architectures allow optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) monitoring techniques to be employed, for example, in particularly long repeater spans, such as those in excess of 90 km in length.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus to provide optical equipment protection have been disclosed. In one embodiment, the method includes splitting an incoming optical signal into a first and a second optical signals, sending the first and the second optical signals to a first and a second equipments in an optical network node, respectively, the second equipment being a protection module for the first equipment, monitoring a first and a second outgoing optical signals from the first and second equipments, and declaring a failure of the optical network node if only one of the first and the second outgoing optical signals has failed. Other embodiments have been claimed and described.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for use in fiber optic signature recognition to analyze buried optical fiber to identify a non-threat area along a fiber route and to discontinue monitoring for disturbances along that area of the cable route. The technique includes determining the location of the zone of non-threatening disturbances from comparing an optical signal to the representation of a prearranged optical signal identified as friendly. Once a zone of non-threatening disturbances is identified, all subsequent disturbances in that zone are considered friendly. Cable monitoring is discontinued in the identified zone of non-threatening disturbances so as to avoid monitoring fiber cable when permitted workers are in the area.

Abstract: An optical transmission system comprises two optical fibers carrying optical signal traffic between two terminals, and a plurality of optical repeaters coupled to the two fibers each repeater having a permanently connected passive high loss loop back circuit between the two fibers. One terminal includes a transmitter, which launches a pulsed supervisory signal on a dedicated supervisory wavelength into one optical fiber, and a receiver, which detects a portion of the supervisory signal looped back from each repeater in order to identify the existence and location of faults in the transmission system. The pulsed supervisory signal is of sufficiently short duration such that portions of the signal returned from each repeater do not overlap with one another and interference with the counter-propagating traffic is avoided by utilizing a dedicated supervisory wavelength. Each return pulse is integrated sequentially by a single detector and processed by heterodyne reception and synchronous demodulation.

Abstract: A repeater is disclosed that transmits an optical signal using wave division multiplexing. The repeater includes a demultiplexing unit that separates plural channels contained in the optical signal, an adjusting unit that adjusts at least optical power of each of the channels according to a control signal, a multiplexing unit that outputs a multiple wavelength signal in which the channels are multiplexed, and a monitoring unit that determines a modulation scheme and a bit rate of the optical signal for each of the channels so as to generate the control signal.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for evaluation of a faulty point in a multi-stage optical amplifying and repeating transmission line which provides a totally new technique for searching for faults neither of the typical “command response type” or the “DCR method”. When a fault occurs in an optical submarine cable, the profile exhibited by the optical spectral characteristics of the optical noise signal (ASE) successively amplified through the chain of optical amplifying repeaters at the downstream side of the faulty point changes in accordance with the number of the repeaters. The technique finds the number of the repeaters until the faulty point based on the change in the profile so as to evaluate the location of the faulty point and has a step (S11) of monitoring the optical spectrum at the light receiving end and a step (S12) of determining the location of the faulty point from the monitored optical spectrum.

Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus comprises a preamplifier controlling unit for controlling a preamplifier so that amplified spontaneous emission including all wavelength bands of a wavelength-multiplexed signal beam is outputted toward a wavelength demultiplexing unit, with the wavelength-multiplexed signal beam not inputted, power monitors for monitoring optical powers of the amplified spontaneous emission fed from the preamplifier and wavelength-demultiplexed by the wavelength demultiplexing unit, and a determining unit for determining the continuity state of an optical propagation path of each wavelength component on the basis of a result of monitoring by the power monitors. The optical transmission apparatus allows the continuity test on optical propagation paths of channels including a channel not used at the time of a start of the operation to be made easier than the known techniques.

Abstract: There is provided in a telecommunications network comprising an optical fiber cable, and an optical component connected to a first point of the optical fiber cable, with an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) connected to a second point of the optical fiber cable so that it can emit OTDR signals along the optical fiber cable towards the optical component, a method of preventing OTDR signals from being applied to the optical component, comprising introducing one or more optical signals into the optical fiber cable at the first point thereof using the optical fiber cable to carry the optical signals to the second point thereof, and configuring the OTDR to detect the or each optical signal from the optical fiber cable and to prevent emission of OTDR signals at any time during which detection of an optical signal occurs. The optical component may comprise, for example, an optical receiver which may introduce the optical signals into the optical fiber cable.

Abstract: An optical transmission system comprises two optical fibbers carrying optical signal traffic between two terminals, and a plurality of optical repeaters coupled to the two fibers each repeater having a permanently connected passive high loss loop back circuit between the two fibers. One terminal includes a transmitter, which launches a pulsed supervisory signal on a dedicated supervisory wavelength into one optical fiber, and a receiver, which detects a portion of the supervisory signal looped back from each repeater in order to identify the existence and location of faults in the transmission system. The pulsed supervisory signal is of sufficiently short duration such that portions of the signal returned from each repeater do not overlap with one another and interference with the counter-propagating traffic is avoided by utilising a dedicated supervisory wavelength. Each return pulse is integrated sequentially by a single detector and processed by heterodyne reception and synchronous demodulation.

Abstract: In a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical communication system having optical transmitters and receivers communicating via a optical channels, the bit error rate (BER) for the optical channels is tested simultaneously by performing a BER measurement for the cascaded chain. A BER test signal is supplied from a BER tester to a first optical transmitter. The BER test signal passes through the optical channels. The last optical receiver in the cascaded chain supplies the test signal to the BER tester measure the BER. The measured BER is compared to a predetermined system BER threshold to determine if the optical channels meet their specified BER values. Each optical transmitter and receiver includes a performance monitoring circuit that monitors the quality of the BER signal supplied to the optical transmitter/receiver for identifying one or more optical channels that the measured BER exceeds a predetermined system BER threshold.

Abstract: A method is provided for locating a fault in one or more optical amplifiers operating in saturation and located along an optical transmission path. The method begins by generating a coherent optical time domain reflectometry (COTDR) trace representing a backscattered and/or reflected optical power level along the transmission path and comparing the trace to a reference trace to generate a difference trace that represents a change in gain. The change in gain is assigned to at least one of the optical amplifiers based on the difference trace. The method comprises assigning the difference trace to faults in the optical amplifiers, equating the difference trace with a linear combination of difference trace vectors each arising from a fault in a different one of the optical amplifiers, and iterating to determine a coefficient value associated with each difference trace vector. Each nonzero coefficient value denotes a fault in an optical amplifier.

Abstract: Where each of switches opposed to each other detects optical-signal shutoff or optical-signal deterioration on the reception side of its port, the switch brings a link of the port down and outputs an auto-negotiation configuration code, as an LAN signal. Upon receiving the LAN signal transmitted from the switch, a repeating-transmission apparatus transmits the transmitted signal to an auto-negotiation monitor. The auto-negotiation monitor performs code analysis for the transmitted LAN signal. Where the auto-negotiation monitor detects that the transmitted LAN signal is the auto-negotiation configuration code, it notifies a monitor apparatus that “The switch detects a failure and the link is down.”, as an alarm.

Abstract: Optical amplifier which can eliminate the need for an optical detection section before an external attenuating medium, can prevent SN degradation, and can reduce power required for pumping light. An attenuation amount detection section detects an amount of signal light attenuation caused by a variable optical attenuator and the external attenuating medium connected in series, by means of a front optical detection section provided before the variable optical attenuator and the external attenuating medium and a back optical detection section provided thereafter. An attenuation amount control section controls the variable optical attenuator such that the amount of signal light attenuation detected by the attenuation amount detection section is kept constant. A connection detection section detects a connection or disconnection of the external attenuating medium in accordance with the amount of signal light attenuation obtained when the amount of attenuation caused by the variable optical attenuator is minimized.

Abstract: The spectrum of a received WDM band or subband is analyzed to detect failure of, e.g., fiber or amplifiers along a line. In one implementation, measurements are taken within the optical spectrum at locations of expected data-carrying optical signals and at two locations just outside the wavelength range occupied by these signals. Magnitudes of adjacent measurements are compared to obtain differences. If none of the differences exceed a threshold, a fault may be determined.

Abstract: An optical repeating system includes an optical transmitter and a plurality of optical amplifying repeaters. The optical transmitter specifies a part or all of the optical amplifying repeaters, and transmits a supervisory command to the specified optical amplifying repeaters as a first sub-signal via an uplink or downlink optical transmission line. The supervisory command is a command to supervise internal circuits of the optical amplifying repeaters. Receiving the supervisory command addressed thereto via the uplink or downlink optical transmission line, the optical amplifying repeaters each transmit a supervisory signal indicating a supervisory result corresponding to the supervisory command to optical receivers via the uplink and downlink optical transmission lines as a second sub-signal. The optical system can reduce the time take to acquire the supervisory information about the plurality of the optical amplifying repeaters.

Abstract: If a repeater supervisory control (SV), a pre-emphasis automatic adjustment (PE), a receiving side threshold value automatic adjustment (Vth), a transmitting side dispersion compensation value setting (VDC(T)), and a receiving side dispersion compensation value setting (VDC(R)) are executed for an optical main signal, these controls are executed in the above described priority order. Accordingly, if the controls are independently executed, or if two or more controls simultaneously occur, a control with a higher priority is executed. In this way, a transmission quality of an optical signal is prevented from being badly influenced as a result that the controls are simultaneously executed.

Abstract: An optical repeating system includes an optical transmitter and an optical amplifying repeater. The optical transmitter transmits a supervisory command and a control command to the optical amplifying repeater as a first sub-signal. The supervisory command is a command to supervise internal circuits of the optical amplifying repeater, and the control command is a command to control the optical amplifying repeater. The optical amplifying repeater includes multiple sub-modules each for amplifying and repeating main signals on multiple sets of optical transmission lines. When receiving the supervisory command via the optical transmission line, each sub-module transmits a supervisory signal indicating the supervisory result associated with the supervisory command to an optical receiver as a second sub-signal.

Abstract: A system for detecting faults in an optical network having switching nodes and amplifier nodes is provided. According to one aspect of the system, one or more amplifier nodes are coupled between two switching nodes. Each amplifier node is capable of detecting a fault condition, such as a loss-of-signal (LOS) condition, on an incoming line. Upon detecting the LOS condition, the amplifier node generates a fault report which is then forwarded to a switching node. The switching node uses information from the fault report to initiate switching actions, if any, to restore traffic. According to another aspect of the system, each amplifier node is configured to receive a fault report received from another amplifier node and forward such fault report to a switching node. Each amplifier node is further configured to prioritize a fault condition identified in a fault report received from another amplifier node and the fault condition detected on its incoming line.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical wavelength multiplexing transmission apparatus and an optical output control method for an optical wavelength multiplexing transmission apparatus in an optical wavelength multiplexing transmission system using a main signal light and an OSC light. The optical wavelength multiplexing transmission apparatus (10a) is made up of a first transmitting/receiving section (52a) a second transmitting/receiving section (52b) and an apparatus supervisory control unit (54). This can not only achieve quick restoration from troubles, but also stably calculate an optical output level even if a change of the number of wavelengths to be multiplexed takes place in a main signal light, and even save troublesome adjustments for the improvement of reliability of a transmission line while eliminating the need for a signal source for the adjustment of a receive optical level at the initial installation.

Abstract: Channels in an optical network that carry optical signals are evaluated using signal characteristics and suitable channels are compared to identify the channels that represent a single conversation using matching criteria. In another aspect, only channels that carry optical signals representing conversations of interest are compared.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical level control method for use in an optical transmission system. In the system, a WDM terminal comprises a multiplexing/demultiplexing unit, an amplifier, an up-direction OSC light transmitting/receiving unit, an up-direction multiplexer, an up-direction branching unit, an amplifier and an APR control unit, and a repeater comprises an up-direction branching unit, an OSC light transmitting/receiving unit, an amplifier, an up-direction multiplexer, a down-direction branching unit, an amplifier, a down-direction multiplexer and an APR control unit. In this configuration, a flexible optical output level control in connection with variation in WDM light level, a selective value irrespective of occurrence of an error stemming from the passage of time and avoidable malfunctions are respectively capable. In addition, a trouble retrieving operator can eliminate the possibility of being exposed to the WDM light.

Abstract: To automate fiber connectivity management in optical systems, a dedicated low bit-rate communications channel unique to each fiber connection in an optical system is provided. The dedicated communications channel simplifies fiber connectivity management by supporting the exchange of port identification information from one optical component to another after which processing determines if the specific connection is a desired association. The dedicated communications channel supports optical interconnection surveillance for all card-to-card optical connections within a group of related cards or within an optical network link. Automating fiber connectivity management in this manner will enhance future products by simplifying the fiber connection validation process and ensuring that any specific connection between optical components is the required association.

Abstract: An arrangement and a method for testing a telecommunications circuit over Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM). A transmitter, which is optically coupled to the circuit, transmits a test-drive signal on the circuit. Through a network, a performance of the circuit is monitored at points along the circuit based on the transmitted test-drive signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical wavelength multiplexing transmission apparatus and an optical output control method for an optical wavelength multiplexing transmission apparatus in an optical wavelength multiplexing transmission system using a main signal light and an OSC light. The optical wavelength multiplexing transmission apparatus (10a) is made up of a first transmitting/receiving section (52a), a second transmitting/receiving section (52b) and an apparatus supervisory control unit (54). This can not only achieve quick restoration from troubles, but also stably calculate an optical output level even if a change of the number of wavelengths to be multiplexed takes place in a main signal light, and even save troublesome adjustments for the improvement of reliability of a transmission line while eliminating the need for a signal source for the adjustment of a receive optical level at the initial installation.

Abstract: A supervisory system in a wavelength division multiplexing communications network is provided with a first and a second terminal stations and a repeater unit. The first terminal station transmits a supervisory signal to the second terminal station. The second terminal station transfers the supervisory signal to the repeater unit to be monitored. Paths to a hub station A and a hub station B can be a single path by looping back a supervisory signal output from the hub stations A and B for issuing and terminating the supervisory signal at a first and a second branch stations connected through an optical wavelength multiplexing/demultiplexing unit. If the hub station B loops back a supervisory signal, the supervisory signal output from the hub station A can be returned to the hub station A again after circulating the path.

Abstract: A communication path impairment detection module for connection to a duplex optic communication link is provided. The duplex optic communication link includes an outgoing communication path and an incoming communication path, each being characterized by a data channel and an optical service channel. The communication path impairment detection module includes a first port and a second port suitable for coupling to the outgoing and incoming communication paths respectively. The communication path impairment detection module is responsive to impairment of the data channel and of the optical service channel in the incoming communication path to impair the data channel and the optical service channel in the outgoing communication path.

Abstract: An optical transmission system with a mechanism to locate a fault on a transmission line effectively and efficiently to ensure the quality of communication between end stations and repeaters. Repeaters respond to a monitoring control command sent from an end station, returning a monitoring report signal that indicates their current operating status and input/output signal conditions. In the end station, a monitoring report processor identifies a faulty link section of the optical transmission line, if the monitoring report signal indicates a fiber fault. The end station sends a troubleshooting control command to cause a relevant repeater to transmit a probing light pulse signal and a complementary light pulse signal simultaneously in opposite directions. Some of the probing light pulse is reflected back as a result of Rayleigh scattering. The end station locates the fiber fault by analyzing the backscatter, using the complementary light pulse signal for synchronization.

Abstract: A supervisory system and supervisory method of an optical amplifier repeater are proposed that can implement operation supervision taking account of the characteristics of individual supervisory targets of the optical amplifier repeater, thereby achieving higher reliability.

Abstract: An optical transmission system is provided, which permits high-precision optical transmission of a signal even if the signal has a high accurate timing, an indefinite period, and a DC component. The transmitting side is provided with a rise edge detecting circuit 1 for detecting the rise edge of a transmitting signal waveform, a transmitting pulse generating circuit 2 for generating a transmitting pulse signal (b) constituted by a pair of opposite-polarity pulses inverting their polarities at the detected timing, and a light intensity modulation circuit 3 for generating a light intensity modulated signal (c) based on the pulse signal (b). The receiving side is provided with an AC-coupled receiving circuit 4 for receiving the light intensity modulated signal (c) and extracting therefrom only an AC component, and a discrimination circuit 5 for discriminating the rise timing from the received signal.